/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _LINUX_MM_H
#define _LINUX_MM_H

#include <linux/args.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mmdebug.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/pgalloc_tag.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/mmzone.h>
#include <linux/rbtree.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/mm_types.h>
#include <linux/mmap_lock.h>
#include <linux/range.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <linux/percpu-refcount.h>
#include <linux/bit_spinlock.h>
#include <linux/shrinker.h>
#include <linux/resource.h>
#include <linux/page_ext.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/page-flags.h>
#include <linux/page_ref.h>
#include <linux/overflow.h>
#include <linux/sizes.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/pgtable.h>
#include <linux/kasan.h>
#include <linux/memremap.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/cacheinfo.h>
#include <linux/rcuwait.h>
#include <linux/bitmap.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/iommu-debug-pagealloc.h>

struct mempolicy;
struct anon_vma;
struct anon_vma_chain;
struct user_struct;
struct pt_regs;
struct folio_batch;

void arch_mm_preinit(void);
void mm_core_init_early(void);
void mm_core_init(void);
void init_mm_internals(void);

extern atomic_long_t _totalram_pages;
static inline unsigned long totalram_pages(void)
{
        return (unsigned long)atomic_long_read(&_totalram_pages);
}

static inline void totalram_pages_inc(void)
{
        atomic_long_inc(&_totalram_pages);
}

static inline void totalram_pages_dec(void)
{
        atomic_long_dec(&_totalram_pages);
}

static inline void totalram_pages_add(long count)
{
        atomic_long_add(count, &_totalram_pages);
}

extern void * high_memory;

/*
 * Convert between pages and MB
 * 20 is the shift for 1MB (2^20 = 1MB)
 * PAGE_SHIFT is the shift for page size (e.g., 12 for 4KB pages)
 * So (20 - PAGE_SHIFT) converts between pages and MB
 */
#define PAGES_TO_MB(pages) ((pages) >> (20 - PAGE_SHIFT))
#define MB_TO_PAGES(mb)    ((mb) << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT))

#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
extern int sysctl_legacy_va_layout;
#else
#define sysctl_legacy_va_layout 0
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
extern const int mmap_rnd_bits_min;
extern int mmap_rnd_bits_max __ro_after_init;
extern int mmap_rnd_bits __read_mostly;
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
extern const int mmap_rnd_compat_bits_min;
extern const int mmap_rnd_compat_bits_max;
extern int mmap_rnd_compat_bits __read_mostly;
#endif

#ifndef DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END
# ifdef MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
# define DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END ((1ULL << MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS) - 1)
# else
# define DIRECT_MAP_PHYSMEM_END (((phys_addr_t)-1)&~(1ULL<<63))
# endif
#endif

#define INVALID_PHYS_ADDR (~(phys_addr_t)0)

#include <asm/page.h>
#include <asm/processor.h>

#ifndef __pa_symbol
#define __pa_symbol(x)  __pa(RELOC_HIDE((unsigned long)(x), 0))
#endif

#ifndef page_to_virt
#define page_to_virt(x) __va(PFN_PHYS(page_to_pfn(x)))
#endif

#ifndef lm_alias
#define lm_alias(x)     __va(__pa_symbol(x))
#endif

/*
 * To prevent common memory management code establishing
 * a zero page mapping on a read fault.
 * This macro should be defined within <asm/pgtable.h>.
 * s390 does this to prevent multiplexing of hardware bits
 * related to the physical page in case of virtualization.
 */
#ifndef mm_forbids_zeropage
#define mm_forbids_zeropage(X)  (0)
#endif

/*
 * On some architectures it is expensive to call memset() for small sizes.
 * If an architecture decides to implement their own version of
 * mm_zero_struct_page they should wrap the defines below in a #ifndef and
 * define their own version of this macro in <asm/pgtable.h>
 */
#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64
/* This function must be updated when the size of struct page grows above 96
 * or reduces below 56. The idea that compiler optimizes out switch()
 * statement, and only leaves move/store instructions. Also the compiler can
 * combine write statements if they are both assignments and can be reordered,
 * this can result in several of the writes here being dropped.
 */
#define mm_zero_struct_page(pp) __mm_zero_struct_page(pp)
static inline void __mm_zero_struct_page(struct page *page)
{
        unsigned long *_pp = (void *)page;

         /* Check that struct page is either 56, 64, 72, 80, 88 or 96 bytes */
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct page) & 7);
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct page) < 56);
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct page) > 96);

        switch (sizeof(struct page)) {
        case 96:
                _pp[11] = 0;
                fallthrough;
        case 88:
                _pp[10] = 0;
                fallthrough;
        case 80:
                _pp[9] = 0;
                fallthrough;
        case 72:
                _pp[8] = 0;
                fallthrough;
        case 64:
                _pp[7] = 0;
                fallthrough;
        case 56:
                _pp[6] = 0;
                _pp[5] = 0;
                _pp[4] = 0;
                _pp[3] = 0;
                _pp[2] = 0;
                _pp[1] = 0;
                _pp[0] = 0;
        }
}
#else
#define mm_zero_struct_page(pp)  ((void)memset((pp), 0, sizeof(struct page)))
#endif

/*
 * Default maximum number of active map areas, this limits the number of vmas
 * per mm struct. Users can overwrite this number by sysctl but there is a
 * problem.
 *
 * When a program's coredump is generated as ELF format, a section is created
 * per a vma. In ELF, the number of sections is represented in unsigned short.
 * This means the number of sections should be smaller than 65535 at coredump.
 * Because the kernel adds some informative sections to a image of program at
 * generating coredump, we need some margin. The number of extra sections is
 * 1-3 now and depends on arch. We use "5" as safe margin, here.
 *
 * ELF extended numbering allows more than 65535 sections, so 16-bit bound is
 * not a hard limit any more. Although some userspace tools can be surprised by
 * that.
 */
#define MAPCOUNT_ELF_CORE_MARGIN        (5)
#define DEFAULT_MAX_MAP_COUNT   (USHRT_MAX - MAPCOUNT_ELF_CORE_MARGIN)

extern int sysctl_max_map_count;

extern unsigned long sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes;
extern unsigned long sysctl_admin_reserve_kbytes;

#if defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM) && !defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP)
bool page_range_contiguous(const struct page *page, unsigned long nr_pages);
#else
static inline bool page_range_contiguous(const struct page *page,
                unsigned long nr_pages)
{
        return true;
}
#endif

/* to align the pointer to the (next) page boundary */
#define PAGE_ALIGN(addr) ALIGN(addr, PAGE_SIZE)

/* to align the pointer to the (prev) page boundary */
#define PAGE_ALIGN_DOWN(addr) ALIGN_DOWN(addr, PAGE_SIZE)

/* test whether an address (unsigned long or pointer) is aligned to PAGE_SIZE */
#define PAGE_ALIGNED(addr)      IS_ALIGNED((unsigned long)(addr), PAGE_SIZE)

/**
 * folio_page_idx - Return the number of a page in a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 * @page: The folio page.
 *
 * This function expects that the page is actually part of the folio.
 * The returned number is relative to the start of the folio.
 */
static inline unsigned long folio_page_idx(const struct folio *folio,
                const struct page *page)
{
        return page - &folio->page;
}

static inline struct folio *lru_to_folio(struct list_head *head)
{
        return list_entry((head)->prev, struct folio, lru);
}

void setup_initial_init_mm(void *start_code, void *end_code,
                           void *end_data, void *brk);

/*
 * Linux kernel virtual memory manager primitives.
 * The idea being to have a "virtual" mm in the same way
 * we have a virtual fs - giving a cleaner interface to the
 * mm details, and allowing different kinds of memory mappings
 * (from shared memory to executable loading to arbitrary
 * mmap() functions).
 */

struct vm_area_struct *vm_area_alloc(struct mm_struct *);
struct vm_area_struct *vm_area_dup(struct vm_area_struct *);
void vm_area_free(struct vm_area_struct *);

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
extern struct rb_root nommu_region_tree;
extern struct rw_semaphore nommu_region_sem;

extern unsigned int kobjsize(const void *objp);
#endif

/*
 * vm_flags in vm_area_struct, see mm_types.h.
 * When changing, update also include/trace/events/mmflags.h
 */

#define VM_NONE         0x00000000

/**
 * typedef vma_flag_t - specifies an individual VMA flag by bit number.
 *
 * This value is made type safe by sparse to avoid passing invalid flag values
 * around.
 */
typedef int __bitwise vma_flag_t;

#define DECLARE_VMA_BIT(name, bitnum) \
        VMA_ ## name ## _BIT = ((__force vma_flag_t)bitnum)
#define DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(name, aliased) \
        VMA_ ## name ## _BIT = (VMA_ ## aliased ## _BIT)
enum {
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(READ, 0),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(WRITE, 1),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(EXEC, 2),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(SHARED, 3),
        /* mprotect() hardcodes VM_MAYREAD >> 4 == VM_READ, and so for r/w/x bits. */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYREAD, 4),    /* limits for mprotect() etc. */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYWRITE, 5),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYEXEC, 6),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYSHARE, 7),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(GROWSDOWN, 8),  /* general info on the segment */
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(UFFD_MISSING, 9),/* missing pages tracking */
#else
        /* nommu: R/O MAP_PRIVATE mapping that might overlay a file mapping */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYOVERLAY, 9),
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
        /* Page-ranges managed without "struct page", just pure PFN */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(PFNMAP, 10),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MAYBE_GUARD, 11),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(UFFD_WP, 12),   /* wrprotect pages tracking */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(LOCKED, 13),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(IO, 14),        /* Memory mapped I/O or similar */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(SEQ_READ, 15),  /* App will access data sequentially */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(RAND_READ, 16), /* App will not benefit from clustered reads */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(DONTCOPY, 17),  /* Do not copy this vma on fork */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(DONTEXPAND, 18),/* Cannot expand with mremap() */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(LOCKONFAULT, 19),/* Lock pages covered when faulted in */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(ACCOUNT, 20),   /* Is a VM accounted object */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(NORESERVE, 21), /* should the VM suppress accounting */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HUGETLB, 22),   /* Huge TLB Page VM */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(SYNC, 23),      /* Synchronous page faults */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(ARCH_1, 24),    /* Architecture-specific flag */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(WIPEONFORK, 25),/* Wipe VMA contents in child. */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(DONTDUMP, 26),  /* Do not include in the core dump */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(SOFTDIRTY, 27), /* NOT soft dirty clean area */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MIXEDMAP, 28),  /* Can contain struct page and pure PFN pages */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HUGEPAGE, 29),  /* MADV_HUGEPAGE marked this vma */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(NOHUGEPAGE, 30),/* MADV_NOHUGEPAGE marked this vma */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(MERGEABLE, 31), /* KSM may merge identical pages */
        /* These bits are reused, we define specific uses below. */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_0, 32),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_1, 33),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_2, 34),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_3, 35),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_4, 36),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_5, 37),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(HIGH_ARCH_6, 38),
        /*
         * This flag is used to connect VFIO to arch specific KVM code. It
         * indicates that the memory under this VMA is safe for use with any
         * non-cachable memory type inside KVM. Some VFIO devices, on some
         * platforms, are thought to be unsafe and can cause machine crashes
         * if KVM does not lock down the memory type.
         */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(ALLOW_ANY_UNCACHED, 39),
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC32
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(DROPPABLE, ARCH_1),
#else
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(DROPPABLE, 40),
#endif
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(UFFD_MINOR, 41),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT(SEALED, 42),
        /* Flags that reuse flags above. */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(PKEY_BIT0, HIGH_ARCH_0),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(PKEY_BIT1, HIGH_ARCH_1),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(PKEY_BIT2, HIGH_ARCH_2),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(PKEY_BIT3, HIGH_ARCH_3),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(PKEY_BIT4, HIGH_ARCH_4),
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_USER_SHADOW_STACK) || defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
        /*
         * VM_SHADOW_STACK should not be set with VM_SHARED because of lack of
         * support core mm.
         *
         * These VMAs will get a single end guard page. This helps userspace
         * protect itself from attacks. A single page is enough for current
         * shadow stack archs (x86). See the comments near alloc_shstk() in
         * arch/x86/kernel/shstk.c for more details on the guard size.
         */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(SHADOW_STACK, HIGH_ARCH_5),
#elif defined(CONFIG_ARM64_GCS)
        /*
         * arm64's Guarded Control Stack implements similar functionality and
         * has similar constraints to shadow stacks.
         */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(SHADOW_STACK, HIGH_ARCH_6),
#endif
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(SAO, ARCH_1),             /* Strong Access Ordering (powerpc) */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(GROWSUP, ARCH_1),         /* parisc */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(SPARC_ADI, ARCH_1),       /* sparc64 */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(ARM64_BTI, ARCH_1),       /* arm64 */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(ARCH_CLEAR, ARCH_1),      /* sparc64, arm64 */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(MAPPED_COPY, ARCH_1),     /* !CONFIG_MMU */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(MTE, HIGH_ARCH_4),        /* arm64 */
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(MTE_ALLOWED, HIGH_ARCH_5),/* arm64 */
#ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(STACK, GROWSUP),
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(STACK_EARLY, GROWSDOWN),
#else
        DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS(STACK, GROWSDOWN),
#endif
};
#undef DECLARE_VMA_BIT
#undef DECLARE_VMA_BIT_ALIAS

#define INIT_VM_FLAG(name) BIT((__force int) VMA_ ## name ## _BIT)
#define VM_READ         INIT_VM_FLAG(READ)
#define VM_WRITE        INIT_VM_FLAG(WRITE)
#define VM_EXEC         INIT_VM_FLAG(EXEC)
#define VM_SHARED       INIT_VM_FLAG(SHARED)
#define VM_MAYREAD      INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYREAD)
#define VM_MAYWRITE     INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYWRITE)
#define VM_MAYEXEC      INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYEXEC)
#define VM_MAYSHARE     INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYSHARE)
#define VM_GROWSDOWN    INIT_VM_FLAG(GROWSDOWN)
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
#define VM_UFFD_MISSING INIT_VM_FLAG(UFFD_MISSING)
#else
#define VM_UFFD_MISSING VM_NONE
#define VM_MAYOVERLAY   INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYOVERLAY)
#endif
#define VM_PFNMAP       INIT_VM_FLAG(PFNMAP)
#define VM_MAYBE_GUARD  INIT_VM_FLAG(MAYBE_GUARD)
#define VM_UFFD_WP      INIT_VM_FLAG(UFFD_WP)
#define VM_LOCKED       INIT_VM_FLAG(LOCKED)
#define VM_IO           INIT_VM_FLAG(IO)
#define VM_SEQ_READ     INIT_VM_FLAG(SEQ_READ)
#define VM_RAND_READ    INIT_VM_FLAG(RAND_READ)
#define VM_DONTCOPY     INIT_VM_FLAG(DONTCOPY)
#define VM_DONTEXPAND   INIT_VM_FLAG(DONTEXPAND)
#define VM_LOCKONFAULT  INIT_VM_FLAG(LOCKONFAULT)
#define VM_ACCOUNT      INIT_VM_FLAG(ACCOUNT)
#define VM_NORESERVE    INIT_VM_FLAG(NORESERVE)
#define VM_HUGETLB      INIT_VM_FLAG(HUGETLB)
#define VM_SYNC         INIT_VM_FLAG(SYNC)
#define VM_ARCH_1       INIT_VM_FLAG(ARCH_1)
#define VM_WIPEONFORK   INIT_VM_FLAG(WIPEONFORK)
#define VM_DONTDUMP     INIT_VM_FLAG(DONTDUMP)
#ifdef CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
#define VM_SOFTDIRTY    INIT_VM_FLAG(SOFTDIRTY)
#else
#define VM_SOFTDIRTY    VM_NONE
#endif
#define VM_MIXEDMAP     INIT_VM_FLAG(MIXEDMAP)
#define VM_HUGEPAGE     INIT_VM_FLAG(HUGEPAGE)
#define VM_NOHUGEPAGE   INIT_VM_FLAG(NOHUGEPAGE)
#define VM_MERGEABLE    INIT_VM_FLAG(MERGEABLE)
#define VM_STACK        INIT_VM_FLAG(STACK)
#ifdef CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP
#define VM_STACK_EARLY  INIT_VM_FLAG(STACK_EARLY)
#else
#define VM_STACK_EARLY  VM_NONE
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
#define VM_PKEY_SHIFT ((__force int)VMA_HIGH_ARCH_0_BIT)
/* Despite the naming, these are FLAGS not bits. */
#define VM_PKEY_BIT0 INIT_VM_FLAG(PKEY_BIT0)
#define VM_PKEY_BIT1 INIT_VM_FLAG(PKEY_BIT1)
#define VM_PKEY_BIT2 INIT_VM_FLAG(PKEY_BIT2)
#if CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 3
#define VM_PKEY_BIT3 INIT_VM_FLAG(PKEY_BIT3)
#else
#define VM_PKEY_BIT3  VM_NONE
#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 3 */
#if CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 4
#define VM_PKEY_BIT4 INIT_VM_FLAG(PKEY_BIT4)
#else
#define VM_PKEY_BIT4  VM_NONE
#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 4 */
#endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS */
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_USER_SHADOW_STACK) || defined(CONFIG_ARM64_GCS) || \
        defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
#define VM_SHADOW_STACK INIT_VM_FLAG(SHADOW_STACK)
#else
#define VM_SHADOW_STACK VM_NONE
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
#define VM_SAO          INIT_VM_FLAG(SAO)
#elif defined(CONFIG_PARISC)
#define VM_GROWSUP      INIT_VM_FLAG(GROWSUP)
#elif defined(CONFIG_SPARC64)
#define VM_SPARC_ADI    INIT_VM_FLAG(SPARC_ADI)
#define VM_ARCH_CLEAR   INIT_VM_FLAG(ARCH_CLEAR)
#elif defined(CONFIG_ARM64)
#define VM_ARM64_BTI    INIT_VM_FLAG(ARM64_BTI)
#define VM_ARCH_CLEAR   INIT_VM_FLAG(ARCH_CLEAR)
#elif !defined(CONFIG_MMU)
#define VM_MAPPED_COPY  INIT_VM_FLAG(MAPPED_COPY)
#endif
#ifndef VM_GROWSUP
#define VM_GROWSUP      VM_NONE
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_MTE
#define VM_MTE          INIT_VM_FLAG(MTE)
#define VM_MTE_ALLOWED  INIT_VM_FLAG(MTE_ALLOWED)
#else
#define VM_MTE          VM_NONE
#define VM_MTE_ALLOWED  VM_NONE
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_MINOR
#define VM_UFFD_MINOR   INIT_VM_FLAG(UFFD_MINOR)
#else
#define VM_UFFD_MINOR   VM_NONE
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
#define VM_ALLOW_ANY_UNCACHED   INIT_VM_FLAG(ALLOW_ANY_UNCACHED)
#define VM_SEALED               INIT_VM_FLAG(SEALED)
#else
#define VM_ALLOW_ANY_UNCACHED   VM_NONE
#define VM_SEALED               VM_NONE
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) || defined(CONFIG_PPC32)
#define VM_DROPPABLE            INIT_VM_FLAG(DROPPABLE)
#else
#define VM_DROPPABLE            VM_NONE
#endif

/* Bits set in the VMA until the stack is in its final location */
#define VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP (VM_RAND_READ | VM_SEQ_READ | VM_STACK_EARLY)

#define TASK_EXEC ((current->personality & READ_IMPLIES_EXEC) ? VM_EXEC : 0)

/* Common data flag combinations */
#define VM_DATA_FLAGS_TSK_EXEC  (VM_READ | VM_WRITE | TASK_EXEC | \
                                 VM_MAYREAD | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_MAYEXEC)
#define VM_DATA_FLAGS_NON_EXEC  (VM_READ | VM_WRITE | VM_MAYREAD | \
                                 VM_MAYWRITE | VM_MAYEXEC)
#define VM_DATA_FLAGS_EXEC      (VM_READ | VM_WRITE | VM_EXEC | \
                                 VM_MAYREAD | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_MAYEXEC)

#ifndef VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS           /* arch can override this */
#define VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS  VM_DATA_FLAGS_EXEC
#endif

#ifndef VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS          /* arch can override this */
#define VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS VM_DATA_DEFAULT_FLAGS
#endif

#define VM_STARTGAP_FLAGS (VM_GROWSDOWN | VM_SHADOW_STACK)

#ifdef CONFIG_MSEAL_SYSTEM_MAPPINGS
#define VM_SEALED_SYSMAP        VM_SEALED
#else
#define VM_SEALED_SYSMAP        VM_NONE
#endif

#define VM_STACK_FLAGS  (VM_STACK | VM_STACK_DEFAULT_FLAGS | VM_ACCOUNT)

/* VMA basic access permission flags */
#define VM_ACCESS_FLAGS (VM_READ | VM_WRITE | VM_EXEC)

/*
 * Special vmas that are non-mergable, non-mlock()able.
 */
#define VM_SPECIAL (VM_IO | VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP)

/*
 * Physically remapped pages are special. Tell the
 * rest of the world about it:
 *   IO tells people not to look at these pages
 *      (accesses can have side effects).
 *   PFNMAP tells the core MM that the base pages are just
 *      raw PFN mappings, and do not have a "struct page" associated
 *      with them.
 *   DONTEXPAND
 *      Disable vma merging and expanding with mremap().
 *   DONTDUMP
 *      Omit vma from core dump, even when VM_IO turned off.
 */
#define VMA_REMAP_FLAGS mk_vma_flags(VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT,        \
                                     VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT, VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT)

/* This mask prevents VMA from being scanned with khugepaged */
#define VM_NO_KHUGEPAGED (VM_SPECIAL | VM_HUGETLB)

/* This mask defines which mm->def_flags a process can inherit its parent */
#define VM_INIT_DEF_MASK        VM_NOHUGEPAGE

/* This mask represents all the VMA flag bits used by mlock */
#define VM_LOCKED_MASK  (VM_LOCKED | VM_LOCKONFAULT)

/* These flags can be updated atomically via VMA/mmap read lock. */
#define VM_ATOMIC_SET_ALLOWED VM_MAYBE_GUARD

/* Arch-specific flags to clear when updating VM flags on protection change */
#ifndef VM_ARCH_CLEAR
#define VM_ARCH_CLEAR   VM_NONE
#endif
#define VM_FLAGS_CLEAR  (ARCH_VM_PKEY_FLAGS | VM_ARCH_CLEAR)

/*
 * Flags which should be 'sticky' on merge - that is, flags which, when one VMA
 * possesses it but the other does not, the merged VMA should nonetheless have
 * applied to it:
 *
 *   VM_SOFTDIRTY - if a VMA is marked soft-dirty, that is has not had its
 *                  references cleared via /proc/$pid/clear_refs, any merged VMA
 *                  should be considered soft-dirty also as it operates at a VMA
 *                  granularity.
 *
 * VM_MAYBE_GUARD - If a VMA may have guard regions in place it implies that
 *                  mapped page tables may contain metadata not described by the
 *                  VMA and thus any merged VMA may also contain this metadata,
 *                  and thus we must make this flag sticky.
 */
#define VM_STICKY (VM_SOFTDIRTY | VM_MAYBE_GUARD)

/*
 * VMA flags we ignore for the purposes of merge, i.e. one VMA possessing one
 * of these flags and the other not does not preclude a merge.
 *
 *    VM_STICKY - When merging VMAs, VMA flags must match, unless they are
 *                'sticky'. If any sticky flags exist in either VMA, we simply
 *                set all of them on the merged VMA.
 */
#define VM_IGNORE_MERGE VM_STICKY

/*
 * Flags which should result in page tables being copied on fork. These are
 * flags which indicate that the VMA maps page tables which cannot be
 * reconsistuted upon page fault, so necessitate page table copying upon fork.
 *
 * Note that these flags should be compared with the DESTINATION VMA not the
 * source, as VM_UFFD_WP may not be propagated to destination, while all other
 * flags will be.
 *
 * VM_PFNMAP / VM_MIXEDMAP - These contain kernel-mapped data which cannot be
 *                           reasonably reconstructed on page fault.
 *
 *              VM_UFFD_WP - Encodes metadata about an installed uffd
 *                           write protect handler, which cannot be
 *                           reconstructed on page fault.
 *
 *                           We always copy pgtables when dst_vma has uffd-wp
 *                           enabled even if it's file-backed
 *                           (e.g. shmem). Because when uffd-wp is enabled,
 *                           pgtable contains uffd-wp protection information,
 *                           that's something we can't retrieve from page cache,
 *                           and skip copying will lose those info.
 *
 *          VM_MAYBE_GUARD - Could contain page guard region markers which
 *                           by design are a property of the page tables
 *                           only and thus cannot be reconstructed on page
 *                           fault.
 */
#define VM_COPY_ON_FORK (VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP | VM_UFFD_WP | VM_MAYBE_GUARD)

/*
 * mapping from the currently active vm_flags protection bits (the
 * low four bits) to a page protection mask..
 */

/*
 * The default fault flags that should be used by most of the
 * arch-specific page fault handlers.
 */
#define FAULT_FLAG_DEFAULT  (FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY | \
                             FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE | \
                             FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE)

/**
 * fault_flag_allow_retry_first - check ALLOW_RETRY the first time
 * @flags: Fault flags.
 *
 * This is mostly used for places where we want to try to avoid taking
 * the mmap_lock for too long a time when waiting for another condition
 * to change, in which case we can try to be polite to release the
 * mmap_lock in the first round to avoid potential starvation of other
 * processes that would also want the mmap_lock.
 *
 * Return: true if the page fault allows retry and this is the first
 * attempt of the fault handling; false otherwise.
 */
static inline bool fault_flag_allow_retry_first(enum fault_flag flags)
{
        return (flags & FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY) &&
            (!(flags & FAULT_FLAG_TRIED));
}

#define FAULT_FLAG_TRACE \
        { FAULT_FLAG_WRITE,             "WRITE" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_MKWRITE,           "MKWRITE" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY,       "ALLOW_RETRY" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_RETRY_NOWAIT,      "RETRY_NOWAIT" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_KILLABLE,          "KILLABLE" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_TRIED,             "TRIED" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_USER,              "USER" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_REMOTE,            "REMOTE" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_INSTRUCTION,       "INSTRUCTION" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_INTERRUPTIBLE,     "INTERRUPTIBLE" }, \
        { FAULT_FLAG_VMA_LOCK,          "VMA_LOCK" }

/*
 * vm_fault is filled by the pagefault handler and passed to the vma's
 * ->fault function. The vma's ->fault is responsible for returning a bitmask
 * of VM_FAULT_xxx flags that give details about how the fault was handled.
 *
 * MM layer fills up gfp_mask for page allocations but fault handler might
 * alter it if its implementation requires a different allocation context.
 *
 * pgoff should be used in favour of virtual_address, if possible.
 */
struct vm_fault {
        const struct {
                struct vm_area_struct *vma;     /* Target VMA */
                gfp_t gfp_mask;                 /* gfp mask to be used for allocations */
                pgoff_t pgoff;                  /* Logical page offset based on vma */
                unsigned long address;          /* Faulting virtual address - masked */
                unsigned long real_address;     /* Faulting virtual address - unmasked */
        };
        enum fault_flag flags;          /* FAULT_FLAG_xxx flags
                                         * XXX: should really be 'const' */
        pmd_t *pmd;                     /* Pointer to pmd entry matching
                                         * the 'address' */
        pud_t *pud;                     /* Pointer to pud entry matching
                                         * the 'address'
                                         */
        union {
                pte_t orig_pte;         /* Value of PTE at the time of fault */
                pmd_t orig_pmd;         /* Value of PMD at the time of fault,
                                         * used by PMD fault only.
                                         */
        };

        struct page *cow_page;          /* Page handler may use for COW fault */
        struct page *page;              /* ->fault handlers should return a
                                         * page here, unless VM_FAULT_NOPAGE
                                         * is set (which is also implied by
                                         * VM_FAULT_ERROR).
                                         */
        /* These three entries are valid only while holding ptl lock */
        pte_t *pte;                     /* Pointer to pte entry matching
                                         * the 'address'. NULL if the page
                                         * table hasn't been allocated.
                                         */
        spinlock_t *ptl;                /* Page table lock.
                                         * Protects pte page table if 'pte'
                                         * is not NULL, otherwise pmd.
                                         */
        pgtable_t prealloc_pte;         /* Pre-allocated pte page table.
                                         * vm_ops->map_pages() sets up a page
                                         * table from atomic context.
                                         * do_fault_around() pre-allocates
                                         * page table to avoid allocation from
                                         * atomic context.
                                         */
};

/*
 * These are the virtual MM functions - opening of an area, closing and
 * unmapping it (needed to keep files on disk up-to-date etc), pointer
 * to the functions called when a no-page or a wp-page exception occurs.
 */
struct vm_operations_struct {
        void (*open)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
        /**
         * @close: Called when the VMA is being removed from the MM.
         * Context: User context.  May sleep.  Caller holds mmap_lock.
         */
        void (*close)(struct vm_area_struct * area);
        /* Called any time before splitting to check if it's allowed */
        int (*may_split)(struct vm_area_struct *area, unsigned long addr);
        int (*mremap)(struct vm_area_struct *area);
        /*
         * Called by mprotect() to make driver-specific permission
         * checks before mprotect() is finalised.   The VMA must not
         * be modified.  Returns 0 if mprotect() can proceed.
         */
        int (*mprotect)(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
                        unsigned long end, unsigned long newflags);
        vm_fault_t (*fault)(struct vm_fault *vmf);
        vm_fault_t (*huge_fault)(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned int order);
        vm_fault_t (*map_pages)(struct vm_fault *vmf,
                        pgoff_t start_pgoff, pgoff_t end_pgoff);
        unsigned long (*pagesize)(struct vm_area_struct * area);

        /* notification that a previously read-only page is about to become
         * writable, if an error is returned it will cause a SIGBUS */
        vm_fault_t (*page_mkwrite)(struct vm_fault *vmf);

        /* same as page_mkwrite when using VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP */
        vm_fault_t (*pfn_mkwrite)(struct vm_fault *vmf);

        /* called by access_process_vm when get_user_pages() fails, typically
         * for use by special VMAs. See also generic_access_phys() for a generic
         * implementation useful for any iomem mapping.
         */
        int (*access)(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                      void *buf, int len, int write);

        /* Called by the /proc/PID/maps code to ask the vma whether it
         * has a special name.  Returning non-NULL will also cause this
         * vma to be dumped unconditionally. */
        const char *(*name)(struct vm_area_struct *vma);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
        /*
         * set_policy() op must add a reference to any non-NULL @new mempolicy
         * to hold the policy upon return.  Caller should pass NULL @new to
         * remove a policy and fall back to surrounding context--i.e. do not
         * install a MPOL_DEFAULT policy, nor the task or system default
         * mempolicy.
         */
        int (*set_policy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mempolicy *new);

        /*
         * get_policy() op must add reference [mpol_get()] to any policy at
         * (vma,addr) marked as MPOL_SHARED.  The shared policy infrastructure
         * in mm/mempolicy.c will do this automatically.
         * get_policy() must NOT add a ref if the policy at (vma,addr) is not
         * marked as MPOL_SHARED. vma policies are protected by the mmap_lock.
         * If no [shared/vma] mempolicy exists at the addr, get_policy() op
         * must return NULL--i.e., do not "fallback" to task or system default
         * policy.
         */
        struct mempolicy *(*get_policy)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                        unsigned long addr, pgoff_t *ilx);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_FIND_NORMAL_PAGE
        /*
         * Called by vm_normal_page() for special PTEs in @vma at @addr. This
         * allows for returning a "normal" page from vm_normal_page() even
         * though the PTE indicates that the "struct page" either does not exist
         * or should not be touched: "special".
         *
         * Do not add new users: this really only works when a "normal" page
         * was mapped, but then the PTE got changed to something weird (+
         * marked special) that would not make pte_pfn() identify the originally
         * inserted page.
         */
        struct page *(*find_normal_page)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                         unsigned long addr);
#endif /* CONFIG_FIND_NORMAL_PAGE */
};

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
static inline void vma_numab_state_init(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        vma->numab_state = NULL;
}
static inline void vma_numab_state_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        kfree(vma->numab_state);
}
#else
static inline void vma_numab_state_init(struct vm_area_struct *vma) {}
static inline void vma_numab_state_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma) {}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */

/*
 * These must be here rather than mmap_lock.h as dependent on vm_fault type,
 * declared in this header.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
static inline void release_fault_lock(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_VMA_LOCK)
                vma_end_read(vmf->vma);
        else
                mmap_read_unlock(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
}

static inline void assert_fault_locked(const struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_VMA_LOCK)
                vma_assert_locked(vmf->vma);
        else
                mmap_assert_locked(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
}
#else
static inline void release_fault_lock(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        mmap_read_unlock(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
}

static inline void assert_fault_locked(const struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        mmap_assert_locked(vmf->vma->vm_mm);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */

static inline bool mm_flags_test(int flag, const struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return test_bit(flag, ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags));
}

static inline bool mm_flags_test_and_set(int flag, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return test_and_set_bit(flag, ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags));
}

static inline bool mm_flags_test_and_clear(int flag, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return test_and_clear_bit(flag, ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags));
}

static inline void mm_flags_set(int flag, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        set_bit(flag, ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags));
}

static inline void mm_flags_clear(int flag, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        clear_bit(flag, ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags));
}

static inline void mm_flags_clear_all(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        bitmap_zero(ACCESS_PRIVATE(&mm->flags, __mm_flags), NUM_MM_FLAG_BITS);
}

extern const struct vm_operations_struct vma_dummy_vm_ops;

static inline void vma_init(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        memset(vma, 0, sizeof(*vma));
        vma->vm_mm = mm;
        vma->vm_ops = &vma_dummy_vm_ops;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&vma->anon_vma_chain);
        vma_lock_init(vma, false);
}

/* Use when VMA is not part of the VMA tree and needs no locking */
static inline void vm_flags_init(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                 vm_flags_t flags)
{
        VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!pgtable_supports_soft_dirty() && (flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY));
        vma_flags_clear_all(&vma->flags);
        vma_flags_overwrite_word(&vma->flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Use when VMA is part of the VMA tree and modifications need coordination
 * Note: vm_flags_reset and vm_flags_reset_once do not lock the vma and
 * it should be locked explicitly beforehand.
 */
static inline void vm_flags_reset(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                  vm_flags_t flags)
{
        VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!pgtable_supports_soft_dirty() && (flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY));
        vma_assert_write_locked(vma);
        vm_flags_init(vma, flags);
}

static inline void vm_flags_reset_once(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                       vm_flags_t flags)
{
        vma_assert_write_locked(vma);
        /*
         * If VMA flags exist beyond the first system word, also clear these. It
         * is assumed the write once behaviour is required only for the first
         * system word.
         */
        if (NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS > BITS_PER_LONG) {
                unsigned long *bitmap = vma->flags.__vma_flags;

                bitmap_zero(&bitmap[1], NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS - BITS_PER_LONG);
        }

        vma_flags_overwrite_word_once(&vma->flags, flags);
}

static inline void vm_flags_set(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                vm_flags_t flags)
{
        vma_start_write(vma);
        vma_flags_set_word(&vma->flags, flags);
}

static inline void vm_flags_clear(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                  vm_flags_t flags)
{
        VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!pgtable_supports_soft_dirty() && (flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY));
        vma_start_write(vma);
        vma_flags_clear_word(&vma->flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Use only if VMA is not part of the VMA tree or has no other users and
 * therefore needs no locking.
 */
static inline void __vm_flags_mod(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                  vm_flags_t set, vm_flags_t clear)
{
        vm_flags_init(vma, (vma->vm_flags | set) & ~clear);
}

/*
 * Use only when the order of set/clear operations is unimportant, otherwise
 * use vm_flags_{set|clear} explicitly.
 */
static inline void vm_flags_mod(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                vm_flags_t set, vm_flags_t clear)
{
        vma_start_write(vma);
        __vm_flags_mod(vma, set, clear);
}

static inline bool __vma_atomic_valid_flag(struct vm_area_struct *vma, vma_flag_t bit)
{
        const vm_flags_t mask = BIT((__force int)bit);

        /* Only specific flags are permitted */
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(mask & VM_ATOMIC_SET_ALLOWED)))
                return false;

        return true;
}

/*
 * Set VMA flag atomically. Requires only VMA/mmap read lock. Only specific
 * valid flags are allowed to do this.
 */
static inline void vma_set_atomic_flag(struct vm_area_struct *vma, vma_flag_t bit)
{
        unsigned long *bitmap = vma->flags.__vma_flags;

        vma_assert_stabilised(vma);
        if (__vma_atomic_valid_flag(vma, bit))
                set_bit((__force int)bit, bitmap);
}

/*
 * Test for VMA flag atomically. Requires no locks. Only specific valid flags
 * are allowed to do this.
 *
 * This is necessarily racey, so callers must ensure that serialisation is
 * achieved through some other means, or that races are permissible.
 */
static inline bool vma_test_atomic_flag(struct vm_area_struct *vma, vma_flag_t bit)
{
        if (__vma_atomic_valid_flag(vma, bit))
                return test_bit((__force int)bit, &vma->vm_flags);

        return false;
}

/* Set an individual VMA flag in flags, non-atomically. */
static inline void vma_flag_set(vma_flags_t *flags, vma_flag_t bit)
{
        unsigned long *bitmap = flags->__vma_flags;

        __set_bit((__force int)bit, bitmap);
}

static inline vma_flags_t __mk_vma_flags(size_t count, const vma_flag_t *bits)
{
        vma_flags_t flags;
        int i;

        vma_flags_clear_all(&flags);
        for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
                vma_flag_set(&flags, bits[i]);
        return flags;
}

/*
 * Helper macro which bitwise-or combines the specified input flags into a
 * vma_flags_t bitmap value. E.g.:
 *
 * vma_flags_t flags = mk_vma_flags(VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT,
 *              VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT, VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT);
 *
 * The compiler cleverly optimises away all of the work and this ends up being
 * equivalent to aggregating the values manually.
 */
#define mk_vma_flags(...) __mk_vma_flags(COUNT_ARGS(__VA_ARGS__), \
                                         (const vma_flag_t []){__VA_ARGS__})

/*  Test each of to_test flags in flags, non-atomically. */
static __always_inline bool vma_flags_test_mask(const vma_flags_t *flags,
                vma_flags_t to_test)
{
        const unsigned long *bitmap = flags->__vma_flags;
        const unsigned long *bitmap_to_test = to_test.__vma_flags;

        return bitmap_intersects(bitmap_to_test, bitmap, NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS);
}

/*
 * Test whether any specified VMA flag is set, e.g.:
 *
 * if (vma_flags_test(flags, VMA_READ_BIT, VMA_MAYREAD_BIT)) { ... }
 */
#define vma_flags_test(flags, ...) \
        vma_flags_test_mask(flags, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Test that ALL of the to_test flags are set, non-atomically. */
static __always_inline bool vma_flags_test_all_mask(const vma_flags_t *flags,
                vma_flags_t to_test)
{
        const unsigned long *bitmap = flags->__vma_flags;
        const unsigned long *bitmap_to_test = to_test.__vma_flags;

        return bitmap_subset(bitmap_to_test, bitmap, NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS);
}

/*
 * Test whether ALL specified VMA flags are set, e.g.:
 *
 * if (vma_flags_test_all(flags, VMA_READ_BIT, VMA_MAYREAD_BIT)) { ... }
 */
#define vma_flags_test_all(flags, ...) \
        vma_flags_test_all_mask(flags, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Set each of the to_set flags in flags, non-atomically. */
static __always_inline void vma_flags_set_mask(vma_flags_t *flags, vma_flags_t to_set)
{
        unsigned long *bitmap = flags->__vma_flags;
        const unsigned long *bitmap_to_set = to_set.__vma_flags;

        bitmap_or(bitmap, bitmap, bitmap_to_set, NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS);
}

/*
 * Set all specified VMA flags, e.g.:
 *
 * vma_flags_set(&flags, VMA_READ_BIT, VMA_WRITE_BIT, VMA_EXEC_BIT);
 */
#define vma_flags_set(flags, ...) \
        vma_flags_set_mask(flags, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Clear all of the to-clear flags in flags, non-atomically. */
static __always_inline void vma_flags_clear_mask(vma_flags_t *flags, vma_flags_t to_clear)
{
        unsigned long *bitmap = flags->__vma_flags;
        const unsigned long *bitmap_to_clear = to_clear.__vma_flags;

        bitmap_andnot(bitmap, bitmap, bitmap_to_clear, NUM_VMA_FLAG_BITS);
}

/*
 * Clear all specified individual flags, e.g.:
 *
 * vma_flags_clear(&flags, VMA_READ_BIT, VMA_WRITE_BIT, VMA_EXEC_BIT);
 */
#define vma_flags_clear(flags, ...) \
        vma_flags_clear_mask(flags, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/*
 * Helper to test that ALL specified flags are set in a VMA.
 *
 * Note: appropriate locks must be held, this function does not acquire them for
 * you.
 */
static inline bool vma_test_all_flags_mask(const struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                           vma_flags_t flags)
{
        return vma_flags_test_all_mask(&vma->flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Helper macro for checking that ALL specified flags are set in a VMA, e.g.:
 *
 * if (vma_test_all_flags(vma, VMA_READ_BIT, VMA_MAYREAD_BIT) { ... }
 */
#define vma_test_all_flags(vma, ...) \
        vma_test_all_flags_mask(vma, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/*
 * Helper to set all VMA flags in a VMA.
 *
 * Note: appropriate locks must be held, this function does not acquire them for
 * you.
 */
static inline void vma_set_flags_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                      vma_flags_t flags)
{
        vma_flags_set_mask(&vma->flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Helper macro for specifying VMA flags in a VMA, e.g.:
 *
 * vma_set_flags(vma, VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT, VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT,
 *              VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT);
 *
 * Note: appropriate locks must be held, this function does not acquire them for
 * you.
 */
#define vma_set_flags(vma, ...) \
        vma_set_flags_mask(vma, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Helper to test all VMA flags in a VMA descriptor. */
static inline bool vma_desc_test_flags_mask(const struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                            vma_flags_t flags)
{
        return vma_flags_test_mask(&desc->vma_flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Helper macro for testing VMA flags for an input pointer to a struct
 * vm_area_desc object describing a proposed VMA, e.g.:
 *
 * if (vma_desc_test_flags(desc, VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT,
 *              VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT, VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT)) { ... }
 */
#define vma_desc_test_flags(desc, ...) \
        vma_desc_test_flags_mask(desc, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Helper to set all VMA flags in a VMA descriptor. */
static inline void vma_desc_set_flags_mask(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                           vma_flags_t flags)
{
        vma_flags_set_mask(&desc->vma_flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Helper macro for specifying VMA flags for an input pointer to a struct
 * vm_area_desc object describing a proposed VMA, e.g.:
 *
 * vma_desc_set_flags(desc, VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT, VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT,
 *              VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT);
 */
#define vma_desc_set_flags(desc, ...) \
        vma_desc_set_flags_mask(desc, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

/* Helper to clear all VMA flags in a VMA descriptor. */
static inline void vma_desc_clear_flags_mask(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                             vma_flags_t flags)
{
        vma_flags_clear_mask(&desc->vma_flags, flags);
}

/*
 * Helper macro for clearing VMA flags for an input pointer to a struct
 * vm_area_desc object describing a proposed VMA, e.g.:
 *
 * vma_desc_clear_flags(desc, VMA_IO_BIT, VMA_PFNMAP_BIT, VMA_DONTEXPAND_BIT,
 *              VMA_DONTDUMP_BIT);
 */
#define vma_desc_clear_flags(desc, ...) \
        vma_desc_clear_flags_mask(desc, mk_vma_flags(__VA_ARGS__))

static inline void vma_set_anonymous(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        vma->vm_ops = NULL;
}

static inline bool vma_is_anonymous(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return !vma->vm_ops;
}

/*
 * Indicate if the VMA is a heap for the given task; for
 * /proc/PID/maps that is the heap of the main task.
 */
static inline bool vma_is_initial_heap(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return vma->vm_start < vma->vm_mm->brk &&
                vma->vm_end > vma->vm_mm->start_brk;
}

/*
 * Indicate if the VMA is a stack for the given task; for
 * /proc/PID/maps that is the stack of the main task.
 */
static inline bool vma_is_initial_stack(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        /*
         * We make no effort to guess what a given thread considers to be
         * its "stack".  It's not even well-defined for programs written
         * languages like Go.
         */
        return vma->vm_start <= vma->vm_mm->start_stack &&
                vma->vm_end >= vma->vm_mm->start_stack;
}

static inline bool vma_is_temporary_stack(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        int maybe_stack = vma->vm_flags & (VM_GROWSDOWN | VM_GROWSUP);

        if (!maybe_stack)
                return false;

        if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP) ==
                                                VM_STACK_INCOMPLETE_SETUP)
                return true;

        return false;
}

static inline bool vma_is_foreign(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        if (!current->mm)
                return true;

        if (current->mm != vma->vm_mm)
                return true;

        return false;
}

static inline bool vma_is_accessible(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return vma->vm_flags & VM_ACCESS_FLAGS;
}

static inline bool is_shared_maywrite_vm_flags(vm_flags_t vm_flags)
{
        return (vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE)) ==
                (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE);
}

static inline bool is_shared_maywrite(const vma_flags_t *flags)
{
        return vma_flags_test_all(flags, VMA_SHARED_BIT, VMA_MAYWRITE_BIT);
}

static inline bool vma_is_shared_maywrite(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return is_shared_maywrite(&vma->flags);
}

static inline
struct vm_area_struct *vma_find(struct vma_iterator *vmi, unsigned long max)
{
        return mas_find(&vmi->mas, max - 1);
}

static inline struct vm_area_struct *vma_next(struct vma_iterator *vmi)
{
        /*
         * Uses mas_find() to get the first VMA when the iterator starts.
         * Calling mas_next() could skip the first entry.
         */
        return mas_find(&vmi->mas, ULONG_MAX);
}

static inline
struct vm_area_struct *vma_iter_next_range(struct vma_iterator *vmi)
{
        return mas_next_range(&vmi->mas, ULONG_MAX);
}


static inline struct vm_area_struct *vma_prev(struct vma_iterator *vmi)
{
        return mas_prev(&vmi->mas, 0);
}

static inline int vma_iter_clear_gfp(struct vma_iterator *vmi,
                        unsigned long start, unsigned long end, gfp_t gfp)
{
        __mas_set_range(&vmi->mas, start, end - 1);
        mas_store_gfp(&vmi->mas, NULL, gfp);
        if (unlikely(mas_is_err(&vmi->mas)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        return 0;
}

/* Free any unused preallocations */
static inline void vma_iter_free(struct vma_iterator *vmi)
{
        mas_destroy(&vmi->mas);
}

static inline int vma_iter_bulk_store(struct vma_iterator *vmi,
                                      struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        vmi->mas.index = vma->vm_start;
        vmi->mas.last = vma->vm_end - 1;
        mas_store(&vmi->mas, vma);
        if (unlikely(mas_is_err(&vmi->mas)))
                return -ENOMEM;

        vma_mark_attached(vma);
        return 0;
}

static inline void vma_iter_invalidate(struct vma_iterator *vmi)
{
        mas_pause(&vmi->mas);
}

static inline void vma_iter_set(struct vma_iterator *vmi, unsigned long addr)
{
        mas_set(&vmi->mas, addr);
}

#define for_each_vma(__vmi, __vma)                                      \
        while (((__vma) = vma_next(&(__vmi))) != NULL)

/* The MM code likes to work with exclusive end addresses */
#define for_each_vma_range(__vmi, __vma, __end)                         \
        while (((__vma) = vma_find(&(__vmi), (__end))) != NULL)

#ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
/*
 * The vma_is_shmem is not inline because it is used only by slow
 * paths in userfault.
 */
bool vma_is_shmem(const struct vm_area_struct *vma);
bool vma_is_anon_shmem(const struct vm_area_struct *vma);
#else
static inline bool vma_is_shmem(const struct vm_area_struct *vma) { return false; }
static inline bool vma_is_anon_shmem(const struct vm_area_struct *vma) { return false; }
#endif

int vma_is_stack_for_current(const struct vm_area_struct *vma);

/* flush_tlb_range() takes a vma, not a mm, and can care about flags */
#define TLB_FLUSH_VMA(mm,flags) { .vm_mm = (mm), .vm_flags = (flags) }

struct mmu_gather;
struct inode;

extern void prep_compound_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);

static inline unsigned int folio_large_order(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return folio->_flags_1 & 0xff;
}

#ifdef NR_PAGES_IN_LARGE_FOLIO
static inline unsigned long folio_large_nr_pages(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return folio->_nr_pages;
}
#else
static inline unsigned long folio_large_nr_pages(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return 1L << folio_large_order(folio);
}
#endif

/*
 * compound_order() can be called without holding a reference, which means
 * that niceties like page_folio() don't work.  These callers should be
 * prepared to handle wild return values.  For example, PG_head may be
 * set before the order is initialised, or this may be a tail page.
 * See compaction.c for some good examples.
 */
static inline unsigned int compound_order(const struct page *page)
{
        const struct folio *folio = (struct folio *)page;

        if (!test_bit(PG_head, &folio->flags.f))
                return 0;
        return folio_large_order(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_order - The allocation order of a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * A folio is composed of 2^order pages.  See get_order() for the definition
 * of order.
 *
 * Return: The order of the folio.
 */
static inline unsigned int folio_order(const struct folio *folio)
{
        if (!folio_test_large(folio))
                return 0;
        return folio_large_order(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_reset_order - Reset the folio order and derived _nr_pages
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * Reset the order and derived _nr_pages to 0. Must only be used in the
 * process of splitting large folios.
 */
static inline void folio_reset_order(struct folio *folio)
{
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_large(folio)))
                return;
        folio->_flags_1 &= ~0xffUL;
#ifdef NR_PAGES_IN_LARGE_FOLIO
        folio->_nr_pages = 0;
#endif
}

#include <linux/huge_mm.h>

/*
 * Methods to modify the page usage count.
 *
 * What counts for a page usage:
 * - cache mapping   (page->mapping)
 * - private data    (page->private)
 * - page mapped in a task's page tables, each mapping
 *   is counted separately
 *
 * Also, many kernel routines increase the page count before a critical
 * routine so they can be sure the page doesn't go away from under them.
 */

/*
 * Drop a ref, return true if the refcount fell to zero (the page has no users)
 */
static inline int put_page_testzero(struct page *page)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page_ref_count(page) == 0, page);
        return page_ref_dec_and_test(page);
}

static inline int folio_put_testzero(struct folio *folio)
{
        return put_page_testzero(&folio->page);
}

/*
 * Try to grab a ref unless the page has a refcount of zero, return false if
 * that is the case.
 * This can be called when MMU is off so it must not access
 * any of the virtual mappings.
 */
static inline bool get_page_unless_zero(struct page *page)
{
        return page_ref_add_unless(page, 1, 0);
}

static inline struct folio *folio_get_nontail_page(struct page *page)
{
        if (unlikely(!get_page_unless_zero(page)))
                return NULL;
        return (struct folio *)page;
}

extern int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn);

enum {
        REGION_INTERSECTS,
        REGION_DISJOINT,
        REGION_MIXED,
};

int region_intersects(resource_size_t offset, size_t size, unsigned long flags,
                      unsigned long desc);

/* Support for virtually mapped pages */
struct page *vmalloc_to_page(const void *addr);
unsigned long vmalloc_to_pfn(const void *addr);

/*
 * Determine if an address is within the vmalloc range
 *
 * On nommu, vmalloc/vfree wrap through kmalloc/kfree directly, so there
 * is no special casing required.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
extern bool is_vmalloc_addr(const void *x);
extern int is_vmalloc_or_module_addr(const void *x);
#else
static inline bool is_vmalloc_addr(const void *x)
{
        return false;
}
static inline int is_vmalloc_or_module_addr(const void *x)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * How many times the entire folio is mapped as a single unit (eg by a
 * PMD or PUD entry).  This is probably not what you want, except for
 * debugging purposes or implementation of other core folio_*() primitives.
 */
static inline int folio_entire_mapcount(const struct folio *folio)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
        if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) && unlikely(folio_large_order(folio) == 1))
                return 0;
        return atomic_read(&folio->_entire_mapcount) + 1;
}

static inline int folio_large_mapcount(const struct folio *folio)
{
        VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
        return atomic_read(&folio->_large_mapcount) + 1;
}

/**
 * folio_mapcount() - Number of mappings of this folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * The folio mapcount corresponds to the number of present user page table
 * entries that reference any part of a folio. Each such present user page
 * table entry must be paired with exactly on folio reference.
 *
 * For ordindary folios, each user page table entry (PTE/PMD/PUD/...) counts
 * exactly once.
 *
 * For hugetlb folios, each abstracted "hugetlb" user page table entry that
 * references the entire folio counts exactly once, even when such special
 * page table entries are comprised of multiple ordinary page table entries.
 *
 * Will report 0 for pages which cannot be mapped into userspace, such as
 * slab, page tables and similar.
 *
 * Return: The number of times this folio is mapped.
 */
static inline int folio_mapcount(const struct folio *folio)
{
        int mapcount;

        if (likely(!folio_test_large(folio))) {
                mapcount = atomic_read(&folio->_mapcount) + 1;
                if (page_mapcount_is_type(mapcount))
                        mapcount = 0;
                return mapcount;
        }
        return folio_large_mapcount(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_mapped - Is this folio mapped into userspace?
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * Return: True if any page in this folio is referenced by user page tables.
 */
static inline bool folio_mapped(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return folio_mapcount(folio) >= 1;
}

/*
 * Return true if this page is mapped into pagetables.
 * For compound page it returns true if any sub-page of compound page is mapped,
 * even if this particular sub-page is not itself mapped by any PTE or PMD.
 */
static inline bool page_mapped(const struct page *page)
{
        return folio_mapped(page_folio(page));
}

static inline struct page *virt_to_head_page(const void *x)
{
        struct page *page = virt_to_page(x);

        return compound_head(page);
}

static inline struct folio *virt_to_folio(const void *x)
{
        struct page *page = virt_to_page(x);

        return page_folio(page);
}

void __folio_put(struct folio *folio);

void split_page(struct page *page, unsigned int order);
void folio_copy(struct folio *dst, struct folio *src);
int folio_mc_copy(struct folio *dst, struct folio *src);

unsigned long nr_free_buffer_pages(void);

/* Returns the number of bytes in this potentially compound page. */
static inline unsigned long page_size(const struct page *page)
{
        return PAGE_SIZE << compound_order(page);
}

/* Returns the number of bits needed for the number of bytes in a page */
static inline unsigned int page_shift(struct page *page)
{
        return PAGE_SHIFT + compound_order(page);
}

/**
 * thp_order - Order of a transparent huge page.
 * @page: Head page of a transparent huge page.
 */
static inline unsigned int thp_order(struct page *page)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_PGFLAGS(PageTail(page), page);
        return compound_order(page);
}

/**
 * thp_size - Size of a transparent huge page.
 * @page: Head page of a transparent huge page.
 *
 * Return: Number of bytes in this page.
 */
static inline unsigned long thp_size(struct page *page)
{
        return PAGE_SIZE << thp_order(page);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
/*
 * Do pte_mkwrite, but only if the vma says VM_WRITE.  We do this when
 * servicing faults for write access.  In the normal case, do always want
 * pte_mkwrite.  But get_user_pages can cause write faults for mappings
 * that do not have writing enabled, when used by access_process_vm.
 */
static inline pte_t maybe_mkwrite(pte_t pte, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
                pte = pte_mkwrite(pte, vma);
        return pte;
}

vm_fault_t do_set_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio, struct page *page);
void set_pte_range(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
                struct page *page, unsigned int nr, unsigned long addr);

vm_fault_t finish_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf);
#endif

/*
 * Multiple processes may "see" the same page. E.g. for untouched
 * mappings of /dev/null, all processes see the same page full of
 * zeroes, and text pages of executables and shared libraries have
 * only one copy in memory, at most, normally.
 *
 * For the non-reserved pages, page_count(page) denotes a reference count.
 *   page_count() == 0 means the page is free. page->lru is then used for
 *   freelist management in the buddy allocator.
 *   page_count() > 0  means the page has been allocated.
 *
 * Pages are allocated by the slab allocator in order to provide memory
 * to kmalloc and kmem_cache_alloc. In this case, the management of the
 * page, and the fields in 'struct page' are the responsibility of mm/slab.c
 * unless a particular usage is carefully commented. (the responsibility of
 * freeing the kmalloc memory is the caller's, of course).
 *
 * A page may be used by anyone else who does a __get_free_page().
 * In this case, page_count still tracks the references, and should only
 * be used through the normal accessor functions. The top bits of page->flags
 * and page->virtual store page management information, but all other fields
 * are unused and could be used privately, carefully. The management of this
 * page is the responsibility of the one who allocated it, and those who have
 * subsequently been given references to it.
 *
 * The other pages (we may call them "pagecache pages") are completely
 * managed by the Linux memory manager: I/O, buffers, swapping etc.
 * The following discussion applies only to them.
 *
 * A pagecache page contains an opaque `private' member, which belongs to the
 * page's address_space. Usually, this is the address of a circular list of
 * the page's disk buffers. PG_private must be set to tell the VM to call
 * into the filesystem to release these pages.
 *
 * A folio may belong to an inode's memory mapping. In this case,
 * folio->mapping points to the inode, and folio->index is the file
 * offset of the folio, in units of PAGE_SIZE.
 *
 * If pagecache pages are not associated with an inode, they are said to be
 * anonymous pages. These may become associated with the swapcache, and in that
 * case PG_swapcache is set, and page->private is an offset into the swapcache.
 *
 * In either case (swapcache or inode backed), the pagecache itself holds one
 * reference to the page. Setting PG_private should also increment the
 * refcount. The each user mapping also has a reference to the page.
 *
 * The pagecache pages are stored in a per-mapping radix tree, which is
 * rooted at mapping->i_pages, and indexed by offset.
 * Where 2.4 and early 2.6 kernels kept dirty/clean pages in per-address_space
 * lists, we instead now tag pages as dirty/writeback in the radix tree.
 *
 * All pagecache pages may be subject to I/O:
 * - inode pages may need to be read from disk,
 * - inode pages which have been modified and are MAP_SHARED may need
 *   to be written back to the inode on disk,
 * - anonymous pages (including MAP_PRIVATE file mappings) which have been
 *   modified may need to be swapped out to swap space and (later) to be read
 *   back into memory.
 */

/* 127: arbitrary random number, small enough to assemble well */
#define folio_ref_zero_or_close_to_overflow(folio) \
        ((unsigned int) folio_ref_count(folio) + 127u <= 127u)

/**
 * folio_get - Increment the reference count on a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * Context: May be called in any context, as long as you know that
 * you have a refcount on the folio.  If you do not already have one,
 * folio_try_get() may be the right interface for you to use.
 */
static inline void folio_get(struct folio *folio)
{
        VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_ref_zero_or_close_to_overflow(folio), folio);
        folio_ref_inc(folio);
}

static inline void get_page(struct page *page)
{
        struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_test_slab(folio)))
                return;
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_test_large_kmalloc(folio)))
                return;
        folio_get(folio);
}

static inline __must_check bool try_get_page(struct page *page)
{
        page = compound_head(page);
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(page_ref_count(page) <= 0))
                return false;
        page_ref_inc(page);
        return true;
}

/**
 * folio_put - Decrement the reference count on a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * If the folio's reference count reaches zero, the memory will be
 * released back to the page allocator and may be used by another
 * allocation immediately.  Do not access the memory or the struct folio
 * after calling folio_put() unless you can be sure that it wasn't the
 * last reference.
 *
 * Context: May be called in process or interrupt context, but not in NMI
 * context.  May be called while holding a spinlock.
 */
static inline void folio_put(struct folio *folio)
{
        if (folio_put_testzero(folio))
                __folio_put(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_put_refs - Reduce the reference count on a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 * @refs: The amount to subtract from the folio's reference count.
 *
 * If the folio's reference count reaches zero, the memory will be
 * released back to the page allocator and may be used by another
 * allocation immediately.  Do not access the memory or the struct folio
 * after calling folio_put_refs() unless you can be sure that these weren't
 * the last references.
 *
 * Context: May be called in process or interrupt context, but not in NMI
 * context.  May be called while holding a spinlock.
 */
static inline void folio_put_refs(struct folio *folio, int refs)
{
        if (folio_ref_sub_and_test(folio, refs))
                __folio_put(folio);
}

void folios_put_refs(struct folio_batch *folios, unsigned int *refs);

/*
 * union release_pages_arg - an array of pages or folios
 *
 * release_pages() releases a simple array of multiple pages, and
 * accepts various different forms of said page array: either
 * a regular old boring array of pages, an array of folios, or
 * an array of encoded page pointers.
 *
 * The transparent union syntax for this kind of "any of these
 * argument types" is all kinds of ugly, so look away.
 */
typedef union {
        struct page **pages;
        struct folio **folios;
        struct encoded_page **encoded_pages;
} release_pages_arg __attribute__ ((__transparent_union__));

void release_pages(release_pages_arg, int nr);

/**
 * folios_put - Decrement the reference count on an array of folios.
 * @folios: The folios.
 *
 * Like folio_put(), but for a batch of folios.  This is more efficient
 * than writing the loop yourself as it will optimise the locks which need
 * to be taken if the folios are freed.  The folios batch is returned
 * empty and ready to be reused for another batch; there is no need to
 * reinitialise it.
 *
 * Context: May be called in process or interrupt context, but not in NMI
 * context.  May be called while holding a spinlock.
 */
static inline void folios_put(struct folio_batch *folios)
{
        folios_put_refs(folios, NULL);
}

static inline void put_page(struct page *page)
{
        struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);

        if (folio_test_slab(folio) || folio_test_large_kmalloc(folio))
                return;

        folio_put(folio);
}

/*
 * GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS, and the associated functions that use it, overload
 * the page's refcount so that two separate items are tracked: the original page
 * reference count, and also a new count of how many pin_user_pages() calls were
 * made against the page. ("gup-pinned" is another term for the latter).
 *
 * With this scheme, pin_user_pages() becomes special: such pages are marked as
 * distinct from normal pages. As such, the unpin_user_page() call (and its
 * variants) must be used in order to release gup-pinned pages.
 *
 * Choice of value:
 *
 * By making GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS a power of two, debugging of page reference
 * counts with respect to pin_user_pages() and unpin_user_page() becomes
 * simpler, due to the fact that adding an even power of two to the page
 * refcount has the effect of using only the upper N bits, for the code that
 * counts up using the bias value. This means that the lower bits are left for
 * the exclusive use of the original code that increments and decrements by one
 * (or at least, by much smaller values than the bias value).
 *
 * Of course, once the lower bits overflow into the upper bits (and this is
 * OK, because subtraction recovers the original values), then visual inspection
 * no longer suffices to directly view the separate counts. However, for normal
 * applications that don't have huge page reference counts, this won't be an
 * issue.
 *
 * Locking: the lockless algorithm described in folio_try_get_rcu()
 * provides safe operation for get_user_pages(), folio_mkclean() and
 * other calls that race to set up page table entries.
 */
#define GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS (1U << 10)

void unpin_user_page(struct page *page);
void unpin_folio(struct folio *folio);
void unpin_user_pages_dirty_lock(struct page **pages, unsigned long npages,
                                 bool make_dirty);
void unpin_user_page_range_dirty_lock(struct page *page, unsigned long npages,
                                      bool make_dirty);
void unpin_user_pages(struct page **pages, unsigned long npages);
void unpin_user_folio(struct folio *folio, unsigned long npages);
void unpin_folios(struct folio **folios, unsigned long nfolios);

static inline bool is_cow_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
{
        return (flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE)) == VM_MAYWRITE;
}

static inline bool vma_desc_is_cow_mapping(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
        const vma_flags_t *flags = &desc->vma_flags;

        return vma_flags_test(flags, VMA_MAYWRITE_BIT) &&
                !vma_flags_test(flags, VMA_SHARED_BIT);
}

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
static inline bool is_nommu_shared_mapping(vm_flags_t flags)
{
        /*
         * NOMMU shared mappings are ordinary MAP_SHARED mappings and selected
         * R/O MAP_PRIVATE file mappings that are an effective R/O overlay of
         * a file mapping. R/O MAP_PRIVATE mappings might still modify
         * underlying memory if ptrace is active, so this is only possible if
         * ptrace does not apply. Note that there is no mprotect() to upgrade
         * write permissions later.
         */
        return flags & (VM_MAYSHARE | VM_MAYOVERLAY);
}

static inline bool is_nommu_shared_vma_flags(const vma_flags_t *flags)
{
        return vma_flags_test(flags, VMA_MAYSHARE_BIT, VMA_MAYOVERLAY_BIT);
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM) && !defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP)
#define SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
#endif

/*
 * The identification function is mainly used by the buddy allocator for
 * determining if two pages could be buddies. We are not really identifying
 * the zone since we could be using the section number id if we do not have
 * node id available in page flags.
 * We only guarantee that it will return the same value for two combinable
 * pages in a zone.
 */
static inline int page_zone_id(struct page *page)
{
        return (page->flags.f >> ZONEID_PGSHIFT) & ZONEID_MASK;
}

#ifdef NODE_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
int memdesc_nid(memdesc_flags_t mdf);
#else
static inline int memdesc_nid(memdesc_flags_t mdf)
{
        return (mdf.f >> NODES_PGSHIFT) & NODES_MASK;
}
#endif

static inline int page_to_nid(const struct page *page)
{
        return memdesc_nid(PF_POISONED_CHECK(page)->flags);
}

static inline int folio_nid(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return memdesc_nid(folio->flags);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
/* page access time bits needs to hold at least 4 seconds */
#define PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MIN_BITS       12
#if LAST_CPUPID_SHIFT < PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MIN_BITS
#define PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_BUCKETS                                \
        (PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MIN_BITS - LAST_CPUPID_SHIFT)
#else
#define PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_BUCKETS        0
#endif

#define PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_MASK                           \
        (LAST_CPUPID_MASK << PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_BUCKETS)

static inline int cpu_pid_to_cpupid(int cpu, int pid)
{
        return ((cpu & LAST__CPU_MASK) << LAST__PID_SHIFT) | (pid & LAST__PID_MASK);
}

static inline int cpupid_to_pid(int cpupid)
{
        return cpupid & LAST__PID_MASK;
}

static inline int cpupid_to_cpu(int cpupid)
{
        return (cpupid >> LAST__PID_SHIFT) & LAST__CPU_MASK;
}

static inline int cpupid_to_nid(int cpupid)
{
        return cpu_to_node(cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid));
}

static inline bool cpupid_pid_unset(int cpupid)
{
        return cpupid_to_pid(cpupid) == (-1 & LAST__PID_MASK);
}

static inline bool cpupid_cpu_unset(int cpupid)
{
        return cpupid_to_cpu(cpupid) == (-1 & LAST__CPU_MASK);
}

static inline bool __cpupid_match_pid(pid_t task_pid, int cpupid)
{
        return (task_pid & LAST__PID_MASK) == cpupid_to_pid(cpupid);
}

#define cpupid_match_pid(task, cpupid) __cpupid_match_pid(task->pid, cpupid)
#ifdef LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
static inline int folio_xchg_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio, int cpupid)
{
        return xchg(&folio->_last_cpupid, cpupid & LAST_CPUPID_MASK);
}

static inline int folio_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio)
{
        return folio->_last_cpupid;
}
static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
{
        page->_last_cpupid = -1 & LAST_CPUPID_MASK;
}
#else
static inline int folio_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio)
{
        return (folio->flags.f >> LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT) & LAST_CPUPID_MASK;
}

int folio_xchg_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio, int cpupid);

static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
{
        page->flags.f |= LAST_CPUPID_MASK << LAST_CPUPID_PGSHIFT;
}
#endif /* LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS */

static inline int folio_xchg_access_time(struct folio *folio, int time)
{
        int last_time;

        last_time = folio_xchg_last_cpupid(folio,
                                           time >> PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_BUCKETS);
        return last_time << PAGE_ACCESS_TIME_BUCKETS;
}

static inline void vma_set_access_pid_bit(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        unsigned int pid_bit;

        pid_bit = hash_32(current->pid, ilog2(BITS_PER_LONG));
        if (vma->numab_state && !test_bit(pid_bit, &vma->numab_state->pids_active[1])) {
                __set_bit(pid_bit, &vma->numab_state->pids_active[1]);
        }
}

bool folio_use_access_time(struct folio *folio);
#else /* !CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */
static inline int folio_xchg_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio, int cpupid)
{
        return folio_nid(folio); /* XXX */
}

static inline int folio_xchg_access_time(struct folio *folio, int time)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline int folio_last_cpupid(struct folio *folio)
{
        return folio_nid(folio); /* XXX */
}

static inline int cpupid_to_nid(int cpupid)
{
        return -1;
}

static inline int cpupid_to_pid(int cpupid)
{
        return -1;
}

static inline int cpupid_to_cpu(int cpupid)
{
        return -1;
}

static inline int cpu_pid_to_cpupid(int nid, int pid)
{
        return -1;
}

static inline bool cpupid_pid_unset(int cpupid)
{
        return true;
}

static inline void page_cpupid_reset_last(struct page *page)
{
}

static inline bool cpupid_match_pid(struct task_struct *task, int cpupid)
{
        return false;
}

static inline void vma_set_access_pid_bit(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
}
static inline bool folio_use_access_time(struct folio *folio)
{
        return false;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING */

#if defined(CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS) || defined(CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS)

/*
 * KASAN per-page tags are stored xor'ed with 0xff. This allows to avoid
 * setting tags for all pages to native kernel tag value 0xff, as the default
 * value 0x00 maps to 0xff.
 */

static inline u8 page_kasan_tag(const struct page *page)
{
        u8 tag = KASAN_TAG_KERNEL;

        if (kasan_enabled()) {
                tag = (page->flags.f >> KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT) & KASAN_TAG_MASK;
                tag ^= 0xff;
        }

        return tag;
}

static inline void page_kasan_tag_set(struct page *page, u8 tag)
{
        unsigned long old_flags, flags;

        if (!kasan_enabled())
                return;

        tag ^= 0xff;
        old_flags = READ_ONCE(page->flags.f);
        do {
                flags = old_flags;
                flags &= ~(KASAN_TAG_MASK << KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT);
                flags |= (tag & KASAN_TAG_MASK) << KASAN_TAG_PGSHIFT;
        } while (unlikely(!try_cmpxchg(&page->flags.f, &old_flags, flags)));
}

static inline void page_kasan_tag_reset(struct page *page)
{
        if (kasan_enabled())
                page_kasan_tag_set(page, KASAN_TAG_KERNEL);
}

#else /* CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS || CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS */

static inline u8 page_kasan_tag(const struct page *page)
{
        return 0xff;
}

static inline void page_kasan_tag_set(struct page *page, u8 tag) { }
static inline void page_kasan_tag_reset(struct page *page) { }

#endif /* CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS || CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS */

static inline struct zone *page_zone(const struct page *page)
{
        return &NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page))->node_zones[page_zonenum(page)];
}

static inline pg_data_t *page_pgdat(const struct page *page)
{
        return NODE_DATA(page_to_nid(page));
}

static inline pg_data_t *folio_pgdat(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return NODE_DATA(folio_nid(folio));
}

static inline struct zone *folio_zone(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return &folio_pgdat(folio)->node_zones[folio_zonenum(folio)];
}

#ifdef SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
static inline void set_page_section(struct page *page, unsigned long section)
{
        page->flags.f &= ~(SECTIONS_MASK << SECTIONS_PGSHIFT);
        page->flags.f |= (section & SECTIONS_MASK) << SECTIONS_PGSHIFT;
}

static inline unsigned long memdesc_section(memdesc_flags_t mdf)
{
        return (mdf.f >> SECTIONS_PGSHIFT) & SECTIONS_MASK;
}
#else /* !SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS */
static inline unsigned long memdesc_section(memdesc_flags_t mdf)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif /* SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS */

/**
 * folio_pfn - Return the Page Frame Number of a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * A folio may contain multiple pages.  The pages have consecutive
 * Page Frame Numbers.
 *
 * Return: The Page Frame Number of the first page in the folio.
 */
static inline unsigned long folio_pfn(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return page_to_pfn(&folio->page);
}

static inline struct folio *pfn_folio(unsigned long pfn)
{
        return page_folio(pfn_to_page(pfn));
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
static inline pte_t mk_pte(const struct page *page, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
        return pfn_pte(page_to_pfn(page), pgprot);
}

/**
 * folio_mk_pte - Create a PTE for this folio
 * @folio: The folio to create a PTE for
 * @pgprot: The page protection bits to use
 *
 * Create a page table entry for the first page of this folio.
 * This is suitable for passing to set_ptes().
 *
 * Return: A page table entry suitable for mapping this folio.
 */
static inline pte_t folio_mk_pte(const struct folio *folio, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
        return pfn_pte(folio_pfn(folio), pgprot);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
/**
 * folio_mk_pmd - Create a PMD for this folio
 * @folio: The folio to create a PMD for
 * @pgprot: The page protection bits to use
 *
 * Create a page table entry for the first page of this folio.
 * This is suitable for passing to set_pmd_at().
 *
 * Return: A page table entry suitable for mapping this folio.
 */
static inline pmd_t folio_mk_pmd(const struct folio *folio, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
        return pmd_mkhuge(pfn_pmd(folio_pfn(folio), pgprot));
}

#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
/**
 * folio_mk_pud - Create a PUD for this folio
 * @folio: The folio to create a PUD for
 * @pgprot: The page protection bits to use
 *
 * Create a page table entry for the first page of this folio.
 * This is suitable for passing to set_pud_at().
 *
 * Return: A page table entry suitable for mapping this folio.
 */
static inline pud_t folio_mk_pud(const struct folio *folio, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
        return pud_mkhuge(pfn_pud(folio_pfn(folio), pgprot));
}
#endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
#endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */

static inline bool folio_has_pincount(const struct folio *folio)
{
        if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
                return folio_test_large(folio);
        return folio_order(folio) > 1;
}

/**
 * folio_maybe_dma_pinned - Report if a folio may be pinned for DMA.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * This function checks if a folio has been pinned via a call to
 * a function in the pin_user_pages() family.
 *
 * For small folios, the return value is partially fuzzy: false is not fuzzy,
 * because it means "definitely not pinned for DMA", but true means "probably
 * pinned for DMA, but possibly a false positive due to having at least
 * GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS worth of normal folio references".
 *
 * False positives are OK, because: a) it's unlikely for a folio to
 * get that many refcounts, and b) all the callers of this routine are
 * expected to be able to deal gracefully with a false positive.
 *
 * For most large folios, the result will be exactly correct. That's because
 * we have more tracking data available: the _pincount field is used
 * instead of the GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS scheme.
 *
 * For more information, please see Documentation/core-api/pin_user_pages.rst.
 *
 * Return: True, if it is likely that the folio has been "dma-pinned".
 * False, if the folio is definitely not dma-pinned.
 */
static inline bool folio_maybe_dma_pinned(struct folio *folio)
{
        if (folio_has_pincount(folio))
                return atomic_read(&folio->_pincount) > 0;

        /*
         * folio_ref_count() is signed. If that refcount overflows, then
         * folio_ref_count() returns a negative value, and callers will avoid
         * further incrementing the refcount.
         *
         * Here, for that overflow case, use the sign bit to count a little
         * bit higher via unsigned math, and thus still get an accurate result.
         */
        return ((unsigned int)folio_ref_count(folio)) >=
                GUP_PIN_COUNTING_BIAS;
}

/*
 * This should most likely only be called during fork() to see whether we
 * should break the cow immediately for an anon page on the src mm.
 *
 * The caller has to hold the PT lock and the vma->vm_mm->->write_protect_seq.
 */
static inline bool folio_needs_cow_for_dma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                          struct folio *folio)
{
        VM_BUG_ON(!(raw_read_seqcount(&vma->vm_mm->write_protect_seq) & 1));

        if (!mm_flags_test(MMF_HAS_PINNED, vma->vm_mm))
                return false;

        return folio_maybe_dma_pinned(folio);
}

/**
 * is_zero_page - Query if a page is a zero page
 * @page: The page to query
 *
 * This returns true if @page is one of the permanent zero pages.
 */
static inline bool is_zero_page(const struct page *page)
{
        return is_zero_pfn(page_to_pfn(page));
}

/**
 * is_zero_folio - Query if a folio is a zero page
 * @folio: The folio to query
 *
 * This returns true if @folio is one of the permanent zero pages.
 */
static inline bool is_zero_folio(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return is_zero_page(&folio->page);
}

/* MIGRATE_CMA and ZONE_MOVABLE do not allow pin folios */
#ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
static inline bool folio_is_longterm_pinnable(struct folio *folio)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CMA
        int mt = folio_migratetype(folio);

        if (mt == MIGRATE_CMA || mt == MIGRATE_ISOLATE)
                return false;
#endif
        /* The zero page can be "pinned" but gets special handling. */
        if (is_zero_folio(folio))
                return true;

        /* Coherent device memory must always allow eviction. */
        if (folio_is_device_coherent(folio))
                return false;

        /*
         * Filesystems can only tolerate transient delays to truncate and
         * hole-punch operations
         */
        if (folio_is_fsdax(folio))
                return false;

        /* Otherwise, non-movable zone folios can be pinned. */
        return !folio_is_zone_movable(folio);

}
#else
static inline bool folio_is_longterm_pinnable(struct folio *folio)
{
        return true;
}
#endif

static inline void set_page_zone(struct page *page, enum zone_type zone)
{
        page->flags.f &= ~(ZONES_MASK << ZONES_PGSHIFT);
        page->flags.f |= (zone & ZONES_MASK) << ZONES_PGSHIFT;
}

static inline void set_page_node(struct page *page, unsigned long node)
{
        page->flags.f &= ~(NODES_MASK << NODES_PGSHIFT);
        page->flags.f |= (node & NODES_MASK) << NODES_PGSHIFT;
}

static inline void set_page_links(struct page *page, enum zone_type zone,
        unsigned long node, unsigned long pfn)
{
        set_page_zone(page, zone);
        set_page_node(page, node);
#ifdef SECTION_IN_PAGE_FLAGS
        set_page_section(page, pfn_to_section_nr(pfn));
#endif
}

/**
 * folio_nr_pages - The number of pages in the folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * Return: A positive power of two.
 */
static inline unsigned long folio_nr_pages(const struct folio *folio)
{
        if (!folio_test_large(folio))
                return 1;
        return folio_large_nr_pages(folio);
}

#if !defined(CONFIG_HAVE_GIGANTIC_FOLIOS)
/*
 * We don't expect any folios that exceed buddy sizes (and consequently
 * memory sections).
 */
#define MAX_FOLIO_ORDER         MAX_PAGE_ORDER
#elif defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM) && !defined(CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP)
/*
 * Only pages within a single memory section are guaranteed to be
 * contiguous. By limiting folios to a single memory section, all folio
 * pages are guaranteed to be contiguous.
 */
#define MAX_FOLIO_ORDER         PFN_SECTION_SHIFT
#elif defined(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE)
/*
 * There is no real limit on the folio size. We limit them to the maximum we
 * currently expect (see CONFIG_HAVE_GIGANTIC_FOLIOS): with hugetlb, we expect
 * no folios larger than 16 GiB on 64bit and 1 GiB on 32bit.
 */
#define MAX_FOLIO_ORDER         get_order(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ? SZ_16G : SZ_1G)
#else
/*
 * Without hugetlb, gigantic folios that are bigger than a single PUD are
 * currently impossible.
 */
#define MAX_FOLIO_ORDER         PUD_ORDER
#endif

#define MAX_FOLIO_NR_PAGES      (1UL << MAX_FOLIO_ORDER)

/*
 * compound_nr() returns the number of pages in this potentially compound
 * page.  compound_nr() can be called on a tail page, and is defined to
 * return 1 in that case.
 */
static inline unsigned long compound_nr(const struct page *page)
{
        const struct folio *folio = (struct folio *)page;

        if (!test_bit(PG_head, &folio->flags.f))
                return 1;
        return folio_large_nr_pages(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_next - Move to the next physical folio.
 * @folio: The folio we're currently operating on.
 *
 * If you have physically contiguous memory which may span more than
 * one folio (eg a &struct bio_vec), use this function to move from one
 * folio to the next.  Do not use it if the memory is only virtually
 * contiguous as the folios are almost certainly not adjacent to each
 * other.  This is the folio equivalent to writing ``page++``.
 *
 * Context: We assume that the folios are refcounted and/or locked at a
 * higher level and do not adjust the reference counts.
 * Return: The next struct folio.
 */
static inline struct folio *folio_next(struct folio *folio)
{
        return (struct folio *)folio_page(folio, folio_nr_pages(folio));
}

/**
 * folio_shift - The size of the memory described by this folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * A folio represents a number of bytes which is a power-of-two in size.
 * This function tells you which power-of-two the folio is.  See also
 * folio_size() and folio_order().
 *
 * Context: The caller should have a reference on the folio to prevent
 * it from being split.  It is not necessary for the folio to be locked.
 * Return: The base-2 logarithm of the size of this folio.
 */
static inline unsigned int folio_shift(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return PAGE_SHIFT + folio_order(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_size - The number of bytes in a folio.
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * Context: The caller should have a reference on the folio to prevent
 * it from being split.  It is not necessary for the folio to be locked.
 * Return: The number of bytes in this folio.
 */
static inline size_t folio_size(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return PAGE_SIZE << folio_order(folio);
}

/**
 * folio_maybe_mapped_shared - Whether the folio is mapped into the page
 *                             tables of more than one MM
 * @folio: The folio.
 *
 * This function checks if the folio maybe currently mapped into more than one
 * MM ("maybe mapped shared"), or if the folio is certainly mapped into a single
 * MM ("mapped exclusively").
 *
 * For KSM folios, this function also returns "mapped shared" when a folio is
 * mapped multiple times into the same MM, because the individual page mappings
 * are independent.
 *
 * For small anonymous folios and anonymous hugetlb folios, the return
 * value will be exactly correct: non-KSM folios can only be mapped at most once
 * into an MM, and they cannot be partially mapped. KSM folios are
 * considered shared even if mapped multiple times into the same MM.
 *
 * For other folios, the result can be fuzzy:
 *    #. For partially-mappable large folios (THP), the return value can wrongly
 *       indicate "mapped shared" (false positive) if a folio was mapped by
 *       more than two MMs at one point in time.
 *    #. For pagecache folios (including hugetlb), the return value can wrongly
 *       indicate "mapped shared" (false positive) when two VMAs in the same MM
 *       cover the same file range.
 *
 * Further, this function only considers current page table mappings that
 * are tracked using the folio mapcount(s).
 *
 * This function does not consider:
 *    #. If the folio might get mapped in the (near) future (e.g., swapcache,
 *       pagecache, temporary unmapping for migration).
 *    #. If the folio is mapped differently (VM_PFNMAP).
 *    #. If hugetlb page table sharing applies. Callers might want to check
 *       hugetlb_pmd_shared().
 *
 * Return: Whether the folio is estimated to be mapped into more than one MM.
 */
static inline bool folio_maybe_mapped_shared(struct folio *folio)
{
        int mapcount = folio_mapcount(folio);

        /* Only partially-mappable folios require more care. */
        if (!folio_test_large(folio) || unlikely(folio_test_hugetlb(folio)))
                return mapcount > 1;

        /*
         * vm_insert_page() without CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE ...
         * simply assume "mapped shared", nobody should really care
         * about this for arbitrary kernel allocations.
         */
        if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MM_ID))
                return true;

        /*
         * A single mapping implies "mapped exclusively", even if the
         * folio flag says something different: it's easier to handle this
         * case here instead of on the RMAP hot path.
         */
        if (mapcount <= 1)
                return false;
        return test_bit(FOLIO_MM_IDS_SHARED_BITNUM, &folio->_mm_ids);
}

/**
 * folio_expected_ref_count - calculate the expected folio refcount
 * @folio: the folio
 *
 * Calculate the expected folio refcount, taking references from the pagecache,
 * swapcache, PG_private and page table mappings into account. Useful in
 * combination with folio_ref_count() to detect unexpected references (e.g.,
 * GUP or other temporary references).
 *
 * Does currently not consider references from the LRU cache. If the folio
 * was isolated from the LRU (which is the case during migration or split),
 * the LRU cache does not apply.
 *
 * Calling this function on an unmapped folio -- !folio_mapped() -- that is
 * locked will return a stable result.
 *
 * Calling this function on a mapped folio will not result in a stable result,
 * because nothing stops additional page table mappings from coming (e.g.,
 * fork()) or going (e.g., munmap()).
 *
 * Calling this function without the folio lock will also not result in a
 * stable result: for example, the folio might get dropped from the swapcache
 * concurrently.
 *
 * However, even when called without the folio lock or on a mapped folio,
 * this function can be used to detect unexpected references early (for example,
 * if it makes sense to even lock the folio and unmap it).
 *
 * The caller must add any reference (e.g., from folio_try_get()) it might be
 * holding itself to the result.
 *
 * Returns the expected folio refcount.
 */
static inline int folio_expected_ref_count(const struct folio *folio)
{
        const int order = folio_order(folio);
        int ref_count = 0;

        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(page_has_type(&folio->page) && !folio_test_hugetlb(folio)))
                return 0;

        /* One reference per page from the swapcache. */
        ref_count += folio_test_swapcache(folio) << order;

        if (!folio_test_anon(folio)) {
                /* One reference per page from the pagecache. */
                ref_count += !!folio->mapping << order;
                /* One reference from PG_private. */
                ref_count += folio_test_private(folio);
        }

        /* One reference per page table mapping. */
        return ref_count + folio_mapcount(folio);
}

#ifndef HAVE_ARCH_MAKE_FOLIO_ACCESSIBLE
static inline int arch_make_folio_accessible(struct folio *folio)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * Some inline functions in vmstat.h depend on page_zone()
 */
#include <linux/vmstat.h>

#if defined(CONFIG_HIGHMEM) && !defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
#define HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL
#endif

#if defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
static inline void *page_address(const struct page *page)
{
        return page->virtual;
}
static inline void set_page_address(struct page *page, void *address)
{
        page->virtual = address;
}
#define page_address_init()  do { } while(0)
#endif

#if defined(HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
void *page_address(const struct page *page);
void set_page_address(struct page *page, void *virtual);
void page_address_init(void);
#endif

static __always_inline void *lowmem_page_address(const struct page *page)
{
        return page_to_virt(page);
}

#if !defined(HASHED_PAGE_VIRTUAL) && !defined(WANT_PAGE_VIRTUAL)
#define page_address(page) lowmem_page_address(page)
#define set_page_address(page, address)  do { } while(0)
#define page_address_init()  do { } while(0)
#endif

static inline void *folio_address(const struct folio *folio)
{
        return page_address(&folio->page);
}

/*
 * Return true only if the page has been allocated with
 * ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS and the low watermark was not
 * met implying that the system is under some pressure.
 */
static inline bool page_is_pfmemalloc(const struct page *page)
{
        /*
         * lru.next has bit 1 set if the page is allocated from the
         * pfmemalloc reserves.  Callers may simply overwrite it if
         * they do not need to preserve that information.
         */
        return (uintptr_t)page->lru.next & BIT(1);
}

/*
 * Return true only if the folio has been allocated with
 * ALLOC_NO_WATERMARKS and the low watermark was not
 * met implying that the system is under some pressure.
 */
static inline bool folio_is_pfmemalloc(const struct folio *folio)
{
        /*
         * lru.next has bit 1 set if the page is allocated from the
         * pfmemalloc reserves.  Callers may simply overwrite it if
         * they do not need to preserve that information.
         */
        return (uintptr_t)folio->lru.next & BIT(1);
}

/*
 * Only to be called by the page allocator on a freshly allocated
 * page.
 */
static inline void set_page_pfmemalloc(struct page *page)
{
        page->lru.next = (void *)BIT(1);
}

static inline void clear_page_pfmemalloc(struct page *page)
{
        page->lru.next = NULL;
}

/*
 * Can be called by the pagefault handler when it gets a VM_FAULT_OOM.
 */
extern void pagefault_out_of_memory(void);

#define offset_in_page(p)       ((unsigned long)(p) & ~PAGE_MASK)
#define offset_in_folio(folio, p) ((unsigned long)(p) & (folio_size(folio) - 1))

/*
 * Parameter block passed down to zap_pte_range in exceptional cases.
 */
struct zap_details {
        struct folio *single_folio;     /* Locked folio to be unmapped */
        bool even_cows;                 /* Zap COWed private pages too? */
        bool reclaim_pt;                /* Need reclaim page tables? */
        zap_flags_t zap_flags;          /* Extra flags for zapping */
};

/*
 * Whether to drop the pte markers, for example, the uffd-wp information for
 * file-backed memory.  This should only be specified when we will completely
 * drop the page in the mm, either by truncation or unmapping of the vma.  By
 * default, the flag is not set.
 */
#define  ZAP_FLAG_DROP_MARKER        ((__force zap_flags_t) BIT(0))
/* Set in unmap_vmas() to indicate a final unmap call.  Only used by hugetlb */
#define  ZAP_FLAG_UNMAP              ((__force zap_flags_t) BIT(1))

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
extern bool can_do_mlock(void);
#else
static inline bool can_do_mlock(void) { return false; }
#endif
extern int user_shm_lock(size_t, struct ucounts *);
extern void user_shm_unlock(size_t, struct ucounts *);

struct folio *vm_normal_folio(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                             pte_t pte);
struct page *vm_normal_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                             pte_t pte);
struct folio *vm_normal_folio_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                  unsigned long addr, pmd_t pmd);
struct page *vm_normal_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                                pmd_t pmd);
struct page *vm_normal_page_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                pud_t pud);

void zap_vma_ptes(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
                  unsigned long size);
void zap_page_range_single(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
                           unsigned long size, struct zap_details *details);
static inline void zap_vma_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        zap_page_range_single(vma, vma->vm_start,
                              vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start, NULL);
}
struct mmu_notifier_range;

void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, unsigned long addr,
                unsigned long end, unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling);
int
copy_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma);
int generic_access_phys(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                        void *buf, int len, int write);

struct follow_pfnmap_args {
        /**
         * Inputs:
         * @vma: Pointer to @vm_area_struct struct
         * @address: the virtual address to walk
         */
        struct vm_area_struct *vma;
        unsigned long address;
        /**
         * Internals:
         *
         * The caller shouldn't touch any of these.
         */
        spinlock_t *lock;
        pte_t *ptep;
        /**
         * Outputs:
         *
         * @pfn: the PFN of the address
         * @addr_mask: address mask covering pfn
         * @pgprot: the pgprot_t of the mapping
         * @writable: whether the mapping is writable
         * @special: whether the mapping is a special mapping (real PFN maps)
         */
        unsigned long pfn;
        unsigned long addr_mask;
        pgprot_t pgprot;
        bool writable;
        bool special;
};
int follow_pfnmap_start(struct follow_pfnmap_args *args);
void follow_pfnmap_end(struct follow_pfnmap_args *args);

extern void truncate_pagecache(struct inode *inode, loff_t new);
extern void truncate_setsize(struct inode *inode, loff_t newsize);
void pagecache_isize_extended(struct inode *inode, loff_t from, loff_t to);
void truncate_pagecache_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t end);
int generic_error_remove_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
                struct folio *folio);

struct vm_area_struct *lock_mm_and_find_vma(struct mm_struct *mm,
                unsigned long address, struct pt_regs *regs);

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
extern vm_fault_t handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                  unsigned long address, unsigned int flags,
                                  struct pt_regs *regs);
extern int fixup_user_fault(struct mm_struct *mm,
                            unsigned long address, unsigned int fault_flags,
                            bool *unlocked);
void unmap_mapping_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
                pgoff_t start, pgoff_t nr, bool even_cows);
void unmap_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                loff_t const holebegin, loff_t const holelen, int even_cows);
#else
static inline vm_fault_t handle_mm_fault(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                         unsigned long address, unsigned int flags,
                                         struct pt_regs *regs)
{
        /* should never happen if there's no MMU */
        BUG();
        return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}
static inline int fixup_user_fault(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
                unsigned int fault_flags, bool *unlocked)
{
        /* should never happen if there's no MMU */
        BUG();
        return -EFAULT;
}
static inline void unmap_mapping_pages(struct address_space *mapping,
                pgoff_t start, pgoff_t nr, bool even_cows) { }
static inline void unmap_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                loff_t const holebegin, loff_t const holelen, int even_cows) { }
#endif

static inline void unmap_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                loff_t const holebegin, loff_t const holelen)
{
        unmap_mapping_range(mapping, holebegin, holelen, 0);
}

static inline struct vm_area_struct *vma_lookup(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                                unsigned long addr);

extern int access_process_vm(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr,
                void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags);
extern int access_remote_vm(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
                void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags);

#ifdef CONFIG_BPF_SYSCALL
extern int copy_remote_vm_str(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long addr,
                              void *buf, int len, unsigned int gup_flags);
#endif

long get_user_pages_remote(struct mm_struct *mm,
                           unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                           unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages,
                           int *locked);
long pin_user_pages_remote(struct mm_struct *mm,
                           unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                           unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages,
                           int *locked);

/*
 * Retrieves a single page alongside its VMA. Does not support FOLL_NOWAIT.
 */
static inline struct page *get_user_page_vma_remote(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                                    unsigned long addr,
                                                    int gup_flags,
                                                    struct vm_area_struct **vmap)
{
        struct page *page;
        struct vm_area_struct *vma;
        int got;

        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(unlikely(gup_flags & FOLL_NOWAIT)))
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);

        got = get_user_pages_remote(mm, addr, 1, gup_flags, &page, NULL);

        if (got < 0)
                return ERR_PTR(got);

        vma = vma_lookup(mm, addr);
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!vma)) {
                put_page(page);
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
        }

        *vmap = vma;
        return page;
}

long get_user_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                    unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages);
long pin_user_pages(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                    unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages);
long get_user_pages_unlocked(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                    struct page **pages, unsigned int gup_flags);
long pin_user_pages_unlocked(unsigned long start, unsigned long nr_pages,
                    struct page **pages, unsigned int gup_flags);
long memfd_pin_folios(struct file *memfd, loff_t start, loff_t end,
                      struct folio **folios, unsigned int max_folios,
                      pgoff_t *offset);
int folio_add_pins(struct folio *folio, unsigned int pins);

int get_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages,
                        unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages);
int pin_user_pages_fast(unsigned long start, int nr_pages,
                        unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages);
void folio_add_pin(struct folio *folio);

int account_locked_vm(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long pages, bool inc);
int __account_locked_vm(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long pages, bool inc,
                        const struct task_struct *task, bool bypass_rlim);

struct kvec;
struct page *get_dump_page(unsigned long addr, int *locked);

bool folio_mark_dirty(struct folio *folio);
bool folio_mark_dirty_lock(struct folio *folio);
bool set_page_dirty(struct page *page);
int set_page_dirty_lock(struct page *page);

int get_cmdline(struct task_struct *task, char *buffer, int buflen);

/*
 * Flags used by change_protection().  For now we make it a bitmap so
 * that we can pass in multiple flags just like parameters.  However
 * for now all the callers are only use one of the flags at the same
 * time.
 */
/*
 * Whether we should manually check if we can map individual PTEs writable,
 * because something (e.g., COW, uffd-wp) blocks that from happening for all
 * PTEs automatically in a writable mapping.
 */
#define  MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE         (1UL << 0)
/* Whether this protection change is for NUMA hints */
#define  MM_CP_PROT_NUMA                   (1UL << 1)
/* Whether this change is for write protecting */
#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP                     (1UL << 2) /* do wp */
#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE             (1UL << 3) /* Resolve wp */
#define  MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL                 (MM_CP_UFFD_WP | \
                                            MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE)

bool can_change_pte_writable(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                             pte_t pte);
extern long change_protection(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
                              struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
                              unsigned long end, unsigned long cp_flags);
extern int mprotect_fixup(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct mmu_gather *tlb,
          struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **pprev,
          unsigned long start, unsigned long end, vm_flags_t newflags);

/*
 * doesn't attempt to fault and will return short.
 */
int get_user_pages_fast_only(unsigned long start, int nr_pages,
                             unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pages);

static inline bool get_user_page_fast_only(unsigned long addr,
                        unsigned int gup_flags, struct page **pagep)
{
        return get_user_pages_fast_only(addr, 1, gup_flags, pagep) == 1;
}
/*
 * per-process(per-mm_struct) statistics.
 */
static inline unsigned long get_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
{
        return percpu_counter_read_positive(&mm->rss_stat[member]);
}

static inline unsigned long get_mm_counter_sum(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
{
        return percpu_counter_sum_positive(&mm->rss_stat[member]);
}

void mm_trace_rss_stat(struct mm_struct *mm, int member);

static inline void add_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member, long value)
{
        percpu_counter_add(&mm->rss_stat[member], value);

        mm_trace_rss_stat(mm, member);
}

static inline void inc_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
{
        percpu_counter_inc(&mm->rss_stat[member]);

        mm_trace_rss_stat(mm, member);
}

static inline void dec_mm_counter(struct mm_struct *mm, int member)
{
        percpu_counter_dec(&mm->rss_stat[member]);

        mm_trace_rss_stat(mm, member);
}

/* Optimized variant when folio is already known not to be anon */
static inline int mm_counter_file(struct folio *folio)
{
        if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio))
                return MM_SHMEMPAGES;
        return MM_FILEPAGES;
}

static inline int mm_counter(struct folio *folio)
{
        if (folio_test_anon(folio))
                return MM_ANONPAGES;
        return mm_counter_file(folio);
}

static inline unsigned long get_mm_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return get_mm_counter(mm, MM_FILEPAGES) +
                get_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES) +
                get_mm_counter(mm, MM_SHMEMPAGES);
}

static inline unsigned long get_mm_rss_sum(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_FILEPAGES) +
                get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_ANONPAGES) +
                get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_SHMEMPAGES);
}

static inline unsigned long get_mm_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return max(mm->hiwater_rss, get_mm_rss(mm));
}

static inline unsigned long get_mm_hiwater_vm(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return max(mm->hiwater_vm, mm->total_vm);
}

static inline void update_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long _rss = get_mm_rss(mm);

        if (data_race(mm->hiwater_rss) < _rss)
                data_race(mm->hiwater_rss = _rss);
}

static inline void update_hiwater_vm(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        if (mm->hiwater_vm < mm->total_vm)
                mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
}

static inline void reset_mm_hiwater_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
}

static inline void setmax_mm_hiwater_rss(unsigned long *maxrss,
                                         struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        unsigned long hiwater_rss = get_mm_hiwater_rss(mm);

        if (*maxrss < hiwater_rss)
                *maxrss = hiwater_rss;
}

#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
static inline int pte_special(pte_t pte)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline pte_t pte_mkspecial(pte_t pte)
{
        return pte;
}
#endif

#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_PMD_PFNMAP
static inline bool pmd_special(pmd_t pmd)
{
        return false;
}

static inline pmd_t pmd_mkspecial(pmd_t pmd)
{
        return pmd;
}
#endif  /* CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_PMD_PFNMAP */

#ifndef CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_PUD_PFNMAP
static inline bool pud_special(pud_t pud)
{
        return false;
}

static inline pud_t pud_mkspecial(pud_t pud)
{
        return pud;
}
#endif  /* CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_PUD_PFNMAP */

extern pte_t *get_locked_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
                             spinlock_t **ptl);

#ifdef __PAGETABLE_P4D_FOLDED
static inline int __p4d_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd,
                                                unsigned long address)
{
        return 0;
}
#else
int __p4d_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long address);
#endif

#if defined(__PAGETABLE_PUD_FOLDED) || !defined(CONFIG_MMU)
static inline int __pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4d,
                                                unsigned long address)
{
        return 0;
}
static inline void mm_inc_nr_puds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
static inline void mm_dec_nr_puds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}

#else
int __pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long address);

static inline void mm_inc_nr_puds(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        if (mm_pud_folded(mm))
                return;
        atomic_long_add(PTRS_PER_PUD * sizeof(pud_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}

static inline void mm_dec_nr_puds(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        if (mm_pud_folded(mm))
                return;
        atomic_long_sub(PTRS_PER_PUD * sizeof(pud_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}
#endif

#if defined(__PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED) || !defined(CONFIG_MMU)
static inline int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud,
                                                unsigned long address)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline void mm_inc_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
static inline void mm_dec_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm) {}

#else
int __pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address);

static inline void mm_inc_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        if (mm_pmd_folded(mm))
                return;
        atomic_long_add(PTRS_PER_PMD * sizeof(pmd_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}

static inline void mm_dec_nr_pmds(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        if (mm_pmd_folded(mm))
                return;
        atomic_long_sub(PTRS_PER_PMD * sizeof(pmd_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
static inline void mm_pgtables_bytes_init(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        atomic_long_set(&mm->pgtables_bytes, 0);
}

static inline unsigned long mm_pgtables_bytes(const struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return atomic_long_read(&mm->pgtables_bytes);
}

static inline void mm_inc_nr_ptes(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        atomic_long_add(PTRS_PER_PTE * sizeof(pte_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}

static inline void mm_dec_nr_ptes(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        atomic_long_sub(PTRS_PER_PTE * sizeof(pte_t), &mm->pgtables_bytes);
}
#else

static inline void mm_pgtables_bytes_init(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
static inline unsigned long mm_pgtables_bytes(const struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline void mm_inc_nr_ptes(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
static inline void mm_dec_nr_ptes(struct mm_struct *mm) {}
#endif

int __pte_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd);
int __pte_alloc_kernel(pmd_t *pmd);

#if defined(CONFIG_MMU)

static inline p4d_t *p4d_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd,
                unsigned long address)
{
        return (unlikely(pgd_none(*pgd)) && __p4d_alloc(mm, pgd, address)) ?
                NULL : p4d_offset(pgd, address);
}

static inline pud_t *pud_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4d,
                unsigned long address)
{
        return (unlikely(p4d_none(*p4d)) && __pud_alloc(mm, p4d, address)) ?
                NULL : pud_offset(p4d, address);
}

static inline pmd_t *pmd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud, unsigned long address)
{
        return (unlikely(pud_none(*pud)) && __pmd_alloc(mm, pud, address))?
                NULL: pmd_offset(pud, address);
}
#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */

enum pt_flags {
        PT_kernel = PG_referenced,
        PT_reserved = PG_reserved,
        /* High bits are used for zone/node/section */
};

static inline struct ptdesc *virt_to_ptdesc(const void *x)
{
        return page_ptdesc(virt_to_page(x));
}

/**
 * ptdesc_address - Virtual address of page table.
 * @pt: Page table descriptor.
 *
 * Return: The first byte of the page table described by @pt.
 */
static inline void *ptdesc_address(const struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        return folio_address(ptdesc_folio(pt));
}

static inline bool pagetable_is_reserved(struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        return test_bit(PT_reserved, &pt->pt_flags.f);
}

/**
 * ptdesc_set_kernel - Mark a ptdesc used to map the kernel
 * @ptdesc: The ptdesc to be marked
 *
 * Kernel page tables often need special handling. Set a flag so that
 * the handling code knows this ptdesc will not be used for userspace.
 */
static inline void ptdesc_set_kernel(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        set_bit(PT_kernel, &ptdesc->pt_flags.f);
}

/**
 * ptdesc_clear_kernel - Mark a ptdesc as no longer used to map the kernel
 * @ptdesc: The ptdesc to be unmarked
 *
 * Use when the ptdesc is no longer used to map the kernel and no longer
 * needs special handling.
 */
static inline void ptdesc_clear_kernel(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        /*
         * Note: the 'PG_referenced' bit does not strictly need to be
         * cleared before freeing the page. But this is nice for
         * symmetry.
         */
        clear_bit(PT_kernel, &ptdesc->pt_flags.f);
}

/**
 * ptdesc_test_kernel - Check if a ptdesc is used to map the kernel
 * @ptdesc: The ptdesc being tested
 *
 * Call to tell if the ptdesc used to map the kernel.
 */
static inline bool ptdesc_test_kernel(const struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        return test_bit(PT_kernel, &ptdesc->pt_flags.f);
}

/**
 * pagetable_alloc - Allocate pagetables
 * @gfp:    GFP flags
 * @order:  desired pagetable order
 *
 * pagetable_alloc allocates memory for page tables as well as a page table
 * descriptor to describe that memory.
 *
 * Return: The ptdesc describing the allocated page tables.
 */
static inline struct ptdesc *pagetable_alloc_noprof(gfp_t gfp, unsigned int order)
{
        struct page *page = alloc_pages_noprof(gfp | __GFP_COMP, order);

        return page_ptdesc(page);
}
#define pagetable_alloc(...)    alloc_hooks(pagetable_alloc_noprof(__VA_ARGS__))

static inline void __pagetable_free(struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        struct page *page = ptdesc_page(pt);

        __free_pages(page, compound_order(page));
}

#ifdef CONFIG_ASYNC_KERNEL_PGTABLE_FREE
void pagetable_free_kernel(struct ptdesc *pt);
#else
static inline void pagetable_free_kernel(struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        __pagetable_free(pt);
}
#endif
/**
 * pagetable_free - Free pagetables
 * @pt: The page table descriptor
 *
 * pagetable_free frees the memory of all page tables described by a page
 * table descriptor and the memory for the descriptor itself.
 */
static inline void pagetable_free(struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        if (ptdesc_test_kernel(pt)) {
                ptdesc_clear_kernel(pt);
                pagetable_free_kernel(pt);
        } else {
                __pagetable_free(pt);
        }
}

#if defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS)
#if ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS
void __init ptlock_cache_init(void);
bool ptlock_alloc(struct ptdesc *ptdesc);
void ptlock_free(struct ptdesc *ptdesc);

static inline spinlock_t *ptlock_ptr(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        return ptdesc->ptl;
}
#else /* ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS */
static inline void ptlock_cache_init(void)
{
}

static inline bool ptlock_alloc(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        return true;
}

static inline void ptlock_free(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
}

static inline spinlock_t *ptlock_ptr(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        return &ptdesc->ptl;
}
#endif /* ALLOC_SPLIT_PTLOCKS */

static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
        return ptlock_ptr(page_ptdesc(pmd_page(*pmd)));
}

static inline spinlock_t *ptep_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pte_t *pte)
{
        BUILD_BUG_ON(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HIGHPTE));
        BUILD_BUG_ON(MAX_PTRS_PER_PTE * sizeof(pte_t) > PAGE_SIZE);
        return ptlock_ptr(virt_to_ptdesc(pte));
}

static inline bool ptlock_init(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        /*
         * prep_new_page() initialize page->private (and therefore page->ptl)
         * with 0. Make sure nobody took it in use in between.
         *
         * It can happen if arch try to use slab for page table allocation:
         * slab code uses page->slab_cache, which share storage with page->ptl.
         */
        VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(*(unsigned long *)&ptdesc->ptl, ptdesc_page(ptdesc));
        if (!ptlock_alloc(ptdesc))
                return false;
        spin_lock_init(ptlock_ptr(ptdesc));
        return true;
}

#else   /* !defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS) */
/*
 * We use mm->page_table_lock to guard all pagetable pages of the mm.
 */
static inline spinlock_t *pte_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
        return &mm->page_table_lock;
}
static inline spinlock_t *ptep_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pte_t *pte)
{
        return &mm->page_table_lock;
}
static inline void ptlock_cache_init(void) {}
static inline bool ptlock_init(struct ptdesc *ptdesc) { return true; }
static inline void ptlock_free(struct ptdesc *ptdesc) {}
#endif /* defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PTE_PTLOCKS) */

static inline void __pagetable_ctor(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        struct folio *folio = ptdesc_folio(ptdesc);

        __folio_set_pgtable(folio);
        lruvec_stat_add_folio(folio, NR_PAGETABLE);
}

static inline void pagetable_dtor(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        struct folio *folio = ptdesc_folio(ptdesc);

        ptlock_free(ptdesc);
        __folio_clear_pgtable(folio);
        lruvec_stat_sub_folio(folio, NR_PAGETABLE);
}

static inline void pagetable_dtor_free(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        pagetable_dtor(ptdesc);
        pagetable_free(ptdesc);
}

static inline bool pagetable_pte_ctor(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                      struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        if (mm != &init_mm && !ptlock_init(ptdesc))
                return false;
        __pagetable_ctor(ptdesc);
        return true;
}

pte_t *__pte_offset_map(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdvalp);

static inline pte_t *pte_offset_map(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr)
{
        return __pte_offset_map(pmd, addr, NULL);
}

pte_t *pte_offset_map_lock(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
                           unsigned long addr, spinlock_t **ptlp);

pte_t *pte_offset_map_ro_nolock(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
                                unsigned long addr, spinlock_t **ptlp);
pte_t *pte_offset_map_rw_nolock(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
                                unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdvalp,
                                spinlock_t **ptlp);

#define pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl)      do {            \
        spin_unlock(ptl);                               \
        pte_unmap(pte);                                 \
} while (0)

#define pte_alloc(mm, pmd) (unlikely(pmd_none(*(pmd))) && __pte_alloc(mm, pmd))

#define pte_alloc_map(mm, pmd, address)                 \
        (pte_alloc(mm, pmd) ? NULL : pte_offset_map(pmd, address))

#define pte_alloc_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp)      \
        (pte_alloc(mm, pmd) ?                   \
                 NULL : pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, address, ptlp))

#define pte_alloc_kernel(pmd, address)                  \
        ((unlikely(pmd_none(*(pmd))) && __pte_alloc_kernel(pmd))? \
                NULL: pte_offset_kernel(pmd, address))

#if defined(CONFIG_SPLIT_PMD_PTLOCKS)

static inline struct page *pmd_pgtable_page(pmd_t *pmd)
{
        unsigned long mask = ~(PTRS_PER_PMD * sizeof(pmd_t) - 1);
        return virt_to_page((void *)((unsigned long) pmd & mask));
}

static inline struct ptdesc *pmd_ptdesc(pmd_t *pmd)
{
        return page_ptdesc(pmd_pgtable_page(pmd));
}

static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
        return ptlock_ptr(pmd_ptdesc(pmd));
}

static inline bool pmd_ptlock_init(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
        ptdesc->pmd_huge_pte = NULL;
#endif
        return ptlock_init(ptdesc);
}

#define pmd_huge_pte(mm, pmd) (pmd_ptdesc(pmd)->pmd_huge_pte)

#else

static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
        return &mm->page_table_lock;
}

static inline bool pmd_ptlock_init(struct ptdesc *ptdesc) { return true; }

#define pmd_huge_pte(mm, pmd) ((mm)->pmd_huge_pte)

#endif

static inline spinlock_t *pmd_lock(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
        spinlock_t *ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, pmd);
        spin_lock(ptl);
        return ptl;
}

static inline bool pagetable_pmd_ctor(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                      struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        if (mm != &init_mm && !pmd_ptlock_init(ptdesc))
                return false;
        ptdesc_pmd_pts_init(ptdesc);
        __pagetable_ctor(ptdesc);
        return true;
}

/*
 * No scalability reason to split PUD locks yet, but follow the same pattern
 * as the PMD locks to make it easier if we decide to.  The VM should not be
 * considered ready to switch to split PUD locks yet; there may be places
 * which need to be converted from page_table_lock.
 */
static inline spinlock_t *pud_lockptr(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud)
{
        return &mm->page_table_lock;
}

static inline spinlock_t *pud_lock(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud)
{
        spinlock_t *ptl = pud_lockptr(mm, pud);

        spin_lock(ptl);
        return ptl;
}

static inline void pagetable_pud_ctor(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        __pagetable_ctor(ptdesc);
}

static inline void pagetable_p4d_ctor(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        __pagetable_ctor(ptdesc);
}

static inline void pagetable_pgd_ctor(struct ptdesc *ptdesc)
{
        __pagetable_ctor(ptdesc);
}

extern void __init pagecache_init(void);
extern void free_initmem(void);

/*
 * Free reserved pages within range [PAGE_ALIGN(start), end & PAGE_MASK)
 * into the buddy system. The freed pages will be poisoned with pattern
 * "poison" if it's within range [0, UCHAR_MAX].
 * Return pages freed into the buddy system.
 */
extern unsigned long free_reserved_area(void *start, void *end,
                                        int poison, const char *s);

extern void adjust_managed_page_count(struct page *page, long count);

extern void reserve_bootmem_region(phys_addr_t start,
                                   phys_addr_t end, int nid);

/* Free the reserved page into the buddy system, so it gets managed. */
void free_reserved_page(struct page *page);

static inline void mark_page_reserved(struct page *page)
{
        SetPageReserved(page);
        adjust_managed_page_count(page, -1);
}

static inline void free_reserved_ptdesc(struct ptdesc *pt)
{
        free_reserved_page(ptdesc_page(pt));
}

/*
 * Default method to free all the __init memory into the buddy system.
 * The freed pages will be poisoned with pattern "poison" if it's within
 * range [0, UCHAR_MAX].
 * Return pages freed into the buddy system.
 */
static inline unsigned long free_initmem_default(int poison)
{
        extern char __init_begin[], __init_end[];

        return free_reserved_area(&__init_begin, &__init_end,
                                  poison, "unused kernel image (initmem)");
}

static inline unsigned long get_num_physpages(void)
{
        int nid;
        unsigned long phys_pages = 0;

        for_each_online_node(nid)
                phys_pages += node_present_pages(nid);

        return phys_pages;
}

/*
 * FIXME: Using memblock node mappings, an architecture may initialise its
 * zones, allocate the backing mem_map and account for memory holes in an
 * architecture independent manner.
 *
 * An architecture is expected to register range of page frames backed by
 * physical memory with memblock_add[_node]() before calling
 * free_area_init() passing in the PFN each zone ends at. At a basic
 * usage, an architecture is expected to do something like
 *
 * unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {max_dma, max_normal_pfn,
 *                                                       max_highmem_pfn};
 * for_each_valid_physical_page_range()
 *      memblock_add_node(base, size, nid, MEMBLOCK_NONE)
 * free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
 */
void arch_zone_limits_init(unsigned long *max_zone_pfn);
unsigned long node_map_pfn_alignment(void);
extern unsigned long absent_pages_in_range(unsigned long start_pfn,
                                                unsigned long end_pfn);
extern void get_pfn_range_for_nid(unsigned int nid,
                        unsigned long *start_pfn, unsigned long *end_pfn);

#ifndef CONFIG_NUMA
static inline int early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn)
{
        return 0;
}
#else
/* please see mm/page_alloc.c */
extern int __meminit early_pfn_to_nid(unsigned long pfn);
#endif

extern void mem_init(void);
extern void __init mmap_init(void);

extern void __show_mem(unsigned int flags, nodemask_t *nodemask, int max_zone_idx);
static inline void show_mem(void)
{
        __show_mem(0, NULL, MAX_NR_ZONES - 1);
}
extern long si_mem_available(void);
extern void si_meminfo(struct sysinfo * val);
extern void si_meminfo_node(struct sysinfo *val, int nid);

extern __printf(3, 4)
void warn_alloc(gfp_t gfp_mask, nodemask_t *nodemask, const char *fmt, ...);

extern void setup_per_cpu_pageset(void);

/* nommu.c */
extern atomic_long_t mmap_pages_allocated;
extern int nommu_shrink_inode_mappings(struct inode *, size_t, size_t);

/* interval_tree.c */
void vma_interval_tree_insert(struct vm_area_struct *node,
                              struct rb_root_cached *root);
void vma_interval_tree_insert_after(struct vm_area_struct *node,
                                    struct vm_area_struct *prev,
                                    struct rb_root_cached *root);
void vma_interval_tree_remove(struct vm_area_struct *node,
                              struct rb_root_cached *root);
struct vm_area_struct *vma_interval_tree_subtree_search(struct vm_area_struct *node,
                                unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
struct vm_area_struct *vma_interval_tree_iter_first(struct rb_root_cached *root,
                                unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
struct vm_area_struct *vma_interval_tree_iter_next(struct vm_area_struct *node,
                                unsigned long start, unsigned long last);

#define vma_interval_tree_foreach(vma, root, start, last)               \
        for (vma = vma_interval_tree_iter_first(root, start, last);     \
             vma; vma = vma_interval_tree_iter_next(vma, start, last))

void anon_vma_interval_tree_insert(struct anon_vma_chain *node,
                                   struct rb_root_cached *root);
void anon_vma_interval_tree_remove(struct anon_vma_chain *node,
                                   struct rb_root_cached *root);
struct anon_vma_chain *
anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_first(struct rb_root_cached *root,
                                  unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
struct anon_vma_chain *anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_next(
        struct anon_vma_chain *node, unsigned long start, unsigned long last);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_RB
void anon_vma_interval_tree_verify(struct anon_vma_chain *node);
#endif

#define anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach(avc, root, start, last)           \
        for (avc = anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_first(root, start, last); \
             avc; avc = anon_vma_interval_tree_iter_next(avc, start, last))

/* mmap.c */
extern int __vm_enough_memory(const struct mm_struct *mm, long pages, int cap_sys_admin);
extern int insert_vm_struct(struct mm_struct *, struct vm_area_struct *);
extern void exit_mmap(struct mm_struct *);
bool mmap_read_lock_maybe_expand(struct mm_struct *mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                 unsigned long addr, bool write);

static inline int check_data_rlimit(unsigned long rlim,
                                    unsigned long new,
                                    unsigned long start,
                                    unsigned long end_data,
                                    unsigned long start_data)
{
        if (rlim < RLIM_INFINITY) {
                if (((new - start) + (end_data - start_data)) > rlim)
                        return -ENOSPC;
        }

        return 0;
}

extern int mm_take_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm);
extern void mm_drop_all_locks(struct mm_struct *mm);

extern int set_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct file *new_exe_file);
extern int replace_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm, struct file *new_exe_file);
extern struct file *get_mm_exe_file(struct mm_struct *mm);
extern struct file *get_task_exe_file(struct task_struct *task);

extern bool may_expand_vm(struct mm_struct *, vm_flags_t, unsigned long npages);
extern void vm_stat_account(struct mm_struct *, vm_flags_t, long npages);

extern bool vma_is_special_mapping(const struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                   const struct vm_special_mapping *sm);
struct vm_area_struct *_install_special_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                   unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
                                   vm_flags_t vm_flags,
                                   const struct vm_special_mapping *spec);

unsigned long randomize_stack_top(unsigned long stack_top);
unsigned long randomize_page(unsigned long start, unsigned long range);

unsigned long
__get_unmapped_area(struct file *file, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
                    unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags, vm_flags_t vm_flags);

static inline unsigned long
get_unmapped_area(struct file *file, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
                  unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
{
        return __get_unmapped_area(file, addr, len, pgoff, flags, 0);
}

extern unsigned long do_mmap(struct file *file, unsigned long addr,
        unsigned long len, unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags,
        vm_flags_t vm_flags, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long *populate,
        struct list_head *uf);
extern int do_vmi_munmap(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct mm_struct *mm,
                         unsigned long start, size_t len, struct list_head *uf,
                         bool unlock);
int do_vmi_align_munmap(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                    struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
                    unsigned long end, struct list_head *uf, bool unlock);
extern int do_munmap(struct mm_struct *, unsigned long, size_t,
                     struct list_head *uf);
extern int do_madvise(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, size_t len_in, int behavior);

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
extern int __mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
                         int ignore_errors);
static inline void mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
{
        /* Ignore errors */
        (void) __mm_populate(addr, len, 1);
}
#else
static inline void mm_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len) {}
#endif

/* This takes the mm semaphore itself */
extern int __must_check vm_brk_flags(unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
extern int vm_munmap(unsigned long, size_t);
extern unsigned long __must_check vm_mmap(struct file *, unsigned long,
        unsigned long, unsigned long,
        unsigned long, unsigned long);

struct vm_unmapped_area_info {
#define VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN 1
        unsigned long flags;
        unsigned long length;
        unsigned long low_limit;
        unsigned long high_limit;
        unsigned long align_mask;
        unsigned long align_offset;
        unsigned long start_gap;
};

extern unsigned long vm_unmapped_area(struct vm_unmapped_area_info *info);

/* truncate.c */
void truncate_inode_pages(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t lstart);
void truncate_inode_pages_range(struct address_space *mapping, loff_t lstart,
                uoff_t lend);
void truncate_inode_pages_final(struct address_space *mapping);

/* generic vm_area_ops exported for stackable file systems */
extern vm_fault_t filemap_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf);
extern vm_fault_t filemap_map_pages(struct vm_fault *vmf,
                pgoff_t start_pgoff, pgoff_t end_pgoff);
extern vm_fault_t filemap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf);

extern unsigned long stack_guard_gap;
/* Generic expand stack which grows the stack according to GROWS{UP,DOWN} */
int expand_stack_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address);
struct vm_area_struct *expand_stack(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr);

/* Look up the first VMA which satisfies  addr < vm_end,  NULL if none. */
extern struct vm_area_struct * find_vma(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr);
extern struct vm_area_struct * find_vma_prev(struct mm_struct * mm, unsigned long addr,
                                             struct vm_area_struct **pprev);

/*
 * Look up the first VMA which intersects the interval [start_addr, end_addr)
 * NULL if none.  Assume start_addr < end_addr.
 */
struct vm_area_struct *find_vma_intersection(struct mm_struct *mm,
                        unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr);

/**
 * vma_lookup() - Find a VMA at a specific address
 * @mm: The process address space.
 * @addr: The user address.
 *
 * Return: The vm_area_struct at the given address, %NULL otherwise.
 */
static inline
struct vm_area_struct *vma_lookup(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
{
        return mtree_load(&mm->mm_mt, addr);
}

static inline unsigned long stack_guard_start_gap(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN)
                return stack_guard_gap;

        /* See reasoning around the VM_SHADOW_STACK definition */
        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SHADOW_STACK)
                return PAGE_SIZE;

        return 0;
}

static inline unsigned long vm_start_gap(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        unsigned long gap = stack_guard_start_gap(vma);
        unsigned long vm_start = vma->vm_start;

        vm_start -= gap;
        if (vm_start > vma->vm_start)
                vm_start = 0;
        return vm_start;
}

static inline unsigned long vm_end_gap(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        unsigned long vm_end = vma->vm_end;

        if (vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSUP) {
                vm_end += stack_guard_gap;
                if (vm_end < vma->vm_end)
                        vm_end = -PAGE_SIZE;
        }
        return vm_end;
}

static inline unsigned long vma_pages(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
}

static inline unsigned long vma_desc_size(const struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
        return desc->end - desc->start;
}

static inline unsigned long vma_desc_pages(const struct vm_area_desc *desc)
{
        return vma_desc_size(desc) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
}

/**
 * mmap_action_remap - helper for mmap_prepare hook to specify that a pure PFN
 * remap is required.
 * @desc: The VMA descriptor for the VMA requiring remap.
 * @start: The virtual address to start the remap from, must be within the VMA.
 * @start_pfn: The first PFN in the range to remap.
 * @size: The size of the range to remap, in bytes, at most spanning to the end
 * of the VMA.
 */
static inline void mmap_action_remap(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                     unsigned long start,
                                     unsigned long start_pfn,
                                     unsigned long size)
{
        struct mmap_action *action = &desc->action;

        /* [start, start + size) must be within the VMA. */
        WARN_ON_ONCE(start < desc->start || start >= desc->end);
        WARN_ON_ONCE(start + size > desc->end);

        action->type = MMAP_REMAP_PFN;
        action->remap.start = start;
        action->remap.start_pfn = start_pfn;
        action->remap.size = size;
        action->remap.pgprot = desc->page_prot;
}

/**
 * mmap_action_remap_full - helper for mmap_prepare hook to specify that the
 * entirety of a VMA should be PFN remapped.
 * @desc: The VMA descriptor for the VMA requiring remap.
 * @start_pfn: The first PFN in the range to remap.
 */
static inline void mmap_action_remap_full(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                          unsigned long start_pfn)
{
        mmap_action_remap(desc, desc->start, start_pfn, vma_desc_size(desc));
}

/**
 * mmap_action_ioremap - helper for mmap_prepare hook to specify that a pure PFN
 * I/O remap is required.
 * @desc: The VMA descriptor for the VMA requiring remap.
 * @start: The virtual address to start the remap from, must be within the VMA.
 * @start_pfn: The first PFN in the range to remap.
 * @size: The size of the range to remap, in bytes, at most spanning to the end
 * of the VMA.
 */
static inline void mmap_action_ioremap(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                       unsigned long start,
                                       unsigned long start_pfn,
                                       unsigned long size)
{
        mmap_action_remap(desc, start, start_pfn, size);
        desc->action.type = MMAP_IO_REMAP_PFN;
}

/**
 * mmap_action_ioremap_full - helper for mmap_prepare hook to specify that the
 * entirety of a VMA should be PFN I/O remapped.
 * @desc: The VMA descriptor for the VMA requiring remap.
 * @start_pfn: The first PFN in the range to remap.
 */
static inline void mmap_action_ioremap_full(struct vm_area_desc *desc,
                                          unsigned long start_pfn)
{
        mmap_action_ioremap(desc, desc->start, start_pfn, vma_desc_size(desc));
}

void mmap_action_prepare(struct mmap_action *action,
                         struct vm_area_desc *desc);
int mmap_action_complete(struct mmap_action *action,
                         struct vm_area_struct *vma);

/* Look up the first VMA which exactly match the interval vm_start ... vm_end */
static inline struct vm_area_struct *find_exact_vma(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                unsigned long vm_start, unsigned long vm_end)
{
        struct vm_area_struct *vma = vma_lookup(mm, vm_start);

        if (vma && (vma->vm_start != vm_start || vma->vm_end != vm_end))
                vma = NULL;

        return vma;
}

static inline bool range_in_vma(const struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
{
        return (vma && vma->vm_start <= start && end <= vma->vm_end);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
pgprot_t vm_get_page_prot(vm_flags_t vm_flags);
void vma_set_page_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
#else
static inline pgprot_t vm_get_page_prot(vm_flags_t vm_flags)
{
        return __pgprot(0);
}
static inline void vma_set_page_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        vma->vm_page_prot = vm_get_page_prot(vma->vm_flags);
}
#endif

void vma_set_file(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct file *file);

#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
unsigned long change_prot_numa(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                        unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
#endif

struct vm_area_struct *find_extend_vma_locked(struct mm_struct *,
                unsigned long addr);
int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                    unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t pgprot);

int vm_insert_page(struct vm_area_struct *, unsigned long addr, struct page *);
int vm_insert_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                        struct page **pages, unsigned long *num);
int vm_map_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
                                unsigned long num);
int vm_map_pages_zero(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
                                unsigned long num);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct page *page,
                        bool write);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                        unsigned long pfn);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                        unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t pgprot);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_mixed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
                        unsigned long pfn);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_mixed_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                unsigned long addr, unsigned long pfn);
int vm_iomap_memory(struct vm_area_struct *vma, phys_addr_t start, unsigned long len);

static inline vm_fault_t vmf_insert_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                unsigned long addr, struct page *page)
{
        int err = vm_insert_page(vma, addr, page);

        if (err == -ENOMEM)
                return VM_FAULT_OOM;
        if (err < 0 && err != -EBUSY)
                return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;

        return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}

#ifndef io_remap_pfn_range_pfn
static inline unsigned long io_remap_pfn_range_pfn(unsigned long pfn,
                unsigned long size)
{
        return pfn;
}
#endif

static inline int io_remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                     unsigned long addr, unsigned long orig_pfn,
                                     unsigned long size, pgprot_t orig_prot)
{
        const unsigned long pfn = io_remap_pfn_range_pfn(orig_pfn, size);
        const pgprot_t prot = pgprot_decrypted(orig_prot);

        return remap_pfn_range(vma, addr, pfn, size, prot);
}

static inline vm_fault_t vmf_error(int err)
{
        if (err == -ENOMEM)
                return VM_FAULT_OOM;
        else if (err == -EHWPOISON)
                return VM_FAULT_HWPOISON;
        return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}

/*
 * Convert errno to return value for ->page_mkwrite() calls.
 *
 * This should eventually be merged with vmf_error() above, but will need a
 * careful audit of all vmf_error() callers.
 */
static inline vm_fault_t vmf_fs_error(int err)
{
        if (err == 0)
                return VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
        if (err == -EFAULT || err == -EAGAIN)
                return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
        if (err == -ENOMEM)
                return VM_FAULT_OOM;
        /* -ENOSPC, -EDQUOT, -EIO ... */
        return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
}

static inline int vm_fault_to_errno(vm_fault_t vm_fault, int foll_flags)
{
        if (vm_fault & VM_FAULT_OOM)
                return -ENOMEM;
        if (vm_fault & (VM_FAULT_HWPOISON | VM_FAULT_HWPOISON_LARGE))
                return (foll_flags & FOLL_HWPOISON) ? -EHWPOISON : -EFAULT;
        if (vm_fault & (VM_FAULT_SIGBUS | VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV))
                return -EFAULT;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Indicates whether GUP can follow a PROT_NONE mapped page, or whether
 * a (NUMA hinting) fault is required.
 */
static inline bool gup_can_follow_protnone(const struct vm_area_struct *vma,
                                           unsigned int flags)
{
        /*
         * If callers don't want to honor NUMA hinting faults, no need to
         * determine if we would actually have to trigger a NUMA hinting fault.
         */
        if (!(flags & FOLL_HONOR_NUMA_FAULT))
                return true;

        /*
         * NUMA hinting faults don't apply in inaccessible (PROT_NONE) VMAs.
         *
         * Requiring a fault here even for inaccessible VMAs would mean that
         * FOLL_FORCE cannot make any progress, because handle_mm_fault()
         * refuses to process NUMA hinting faults in inaccessible VMAs.
         */
        return !vma_is_accessible(vma);
}

typedef int (*pte_fn_t)(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr, void *data);
extern int apply_to_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
                               unsigned long size, pte_fn_t fn, void *data);
extern int apply_to_existing_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm,
                                   unsigned long address, unsigned long size,
                                   pte_fn_t fn, void *data);

#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING
extern void __kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages);
extern void __kernel_unpoison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages);
extern bool _page_poisoning_enabled_early;
DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(_page_poisoning_enabled);
static inline bool page_poisoning_enabled(void)
{
        return _page_poisoning_enabled_early;
}
/*
 * For use in fast paths after init_mem_debugging() has run, or when a
 * false negative result is not harmful when called too early.
 */
static inline bool page_poisoning_enabled_static(void)
{
        return static_branch_unlikely(&_page_poisoning_enabled);
}
static inline void kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages)
{
        if (page_poisoning_enabled_static())
                __kernel_poison_pages(page, numpages);
}
static inline void kernel_unpoison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages)
{
        if (page_poisoning_enabled_static())
                __kernel_unpoison_pages(page, numpages);
}
#else
static inline bool page_poisoning_enabled(void) { return false; }
static inline bool page_poisoning_enabled_static(void) { return false; }
static inline void __kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int nunmpages) { }
static inline void kernel_poison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages) { }
static inline void kernel_unpoison_pages(struct page *page, int numpages) { }
#endif

DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_MAYBE(CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON, init_on_alloc);
static inline bool want_init_on_alloc(gfp_t flags)
{
        if (static_branch_maybe(CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON,
                                &init_on_alloc))
                return true;
        return flags & __GFP_ZERO;
}

DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_MAYBE(CONFIG_INIT_ON_FREE_DEFAULT_ON, init_on_free);
static inline bool want_init_on_free(void)
{
        return static_branch_maybe(CONFIG_INIT_ON_FREE_DEFAULT_ON,
                                   &init_on_free);
}

extern bool _debug_pagealloc_enabled_early;
DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(_debug_pagealloc_enabled);

static inline bool debug_pagealloc_enabled(void)
{
        return IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC) &&
                _debug_pagealloc_enabled_early;
}

/*
 * For use in fast paths after mem_debugging_and_hardening_init() has run,
 * or when a false negative result is not harmful when called too early.
 */
static inline bool debug_pagealloc_enabled_static(void)
{
        if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC))
                return false;

        return static_branch_unlikely(&_debug_pagealloc_enabled);
}

/*
 * To support DEBUG_PAGEALLOC architecture must ensure that
 * __kernel_map_pages() never fails
 */
extern void __kernel_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages, int enable);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
static inline void debug_pagealloc_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages)
{
        iommu_debug_check_unmapped(page, numpages);

        if (debug_pagealloc_enabled_static())
                __kernel_map_pages(page, numpages, 1);
}

static inline void debug_pagealloc_unmap_pages(struct page *page, int numpages)
{
        iommu_debug_check_unmapped(page, numpages);

        if (debug_pagealloc_enabled_static())
                __kernel_map_pages(page, numpages, 0);
}

extern unsigned int _debug_guardpage_minorder;
DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(_debug_guardpage_enabled);

static inline unsigned int debug_guardpage_minorder(void)
{
        return _debug_guardpage_minorder;
}

static inline bool debug_guardpage_enabled(void)
{
        return static_branch_unlikely(&_debug_guardpage_enabled);
}

static inline bool page_is_guard(const struct page *page)
{
        if (!debug_guardpage_enabled())
                return false;

        return PageGuard(page);
}

bool __set_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page, unsigned int order);
static inline bool set_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page,
                                  unsigned int order)
{
        if (!debug_guardpage_enabled())
                return false;
        return __set_page_guard(zone, page, order);
}

void __clear_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page, unsigned int order);
static inline void clear_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page,
                                    unsigned int order)
{
        if (!debug_guardpage_enabled())
                return;
        __clear_page_guard(zone, page, order);
}

#else   /* CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC */
static inline void debug_pagealloc_map_pages(struct page *page, int numpages) {}
static inline void debug_pagealloc_unmap_pages(struct page *page, int numpages) {}
static inline unsigned int debug_guardpage_minorder(void) { return 0; }
static inline bool debug_guardpage_enabled(void) { return false; }
static inline bool page_is_guard(const struct page *page) { return false; }
static inline bool set_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page,
                        unsigned int order) { return false; }
static inline void clear_page_guard(struct zone *zone, struct page *page,
                                unsigned int order) {}
#endif  /* CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC */

#ifndef clear_pages
/**
 * clear_pages() - clear a page range for kernel-internal use.
 * @addr: start address
 * @npages: number of pages
 *
 * Use clear_user_pages() instead when clearing a page range to be
 * mapped to user space.
 *
 * Does absolutely no exception handling.
 *
 * Note that even though the clearing operation is preemptible, clear_pages()
 * does not (and on architectures where it reduces to a few long-running
 * instructions, might not be able to) call cond_resched() to check if
 * rescheduling is required.
 *
 * When running under preemptible models this is not a problem. Under
 * cooperatively scheduled models, however, the caller is expected to
 * limit @npages to no more than PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH.
 */
static inline void clear_pages(void *addr, unsigned int npages)
{
        do {
                clear_page(addr);
                addr += PAGE_SIZE;
        } while (--npages);
}
#endif

#ifndef PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH
#ifdef clear_pages
/*
 * The architecture defines clear_pages(), and we assume that it is
 * generally "fast". So choose a batch size large enough to allow the processor
 * headroom for optimizing the operation and yet small enough that we see
 * reasonable preemption latency for when this optimization is not possible
 * (ex. slow microarchitectures, memory bandwidth saturation.)
 *
 * With a value of 32MB and assuming a memory bandwidth of ~10GBps, this should
 * result in worst case preemption latency of around 3ms when clearing pages.
 *
 * (See comment above clear_pages() for why preemption latency is a concern
 * here.)
 */
#define PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH         (SZ_32M >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#else /* !clear_pages */
/*
 * The architecture does not provide a clear_pages() implementation. Assume
 * that clear_page() -- which clear_pages() will fallback to -- is relatively
 * slow and choose a small value for PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH.
 */
#define PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH         1
#endif
#endif

#ifdef __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA
extern struct vm_area_struct *get_gate_vma(struct mm_struct *mm);
extern int in_gate_area_no_mm(unsigned long addr);
extern int in_gate_area(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr);
#else
static inline struct vm_area_struct *get_gate_vma(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
        return NULL;
}
static inline int in_gate_area_no_mm(unsigned long addr) { return 0; }
static inline int in_gate_area(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
{
        return 0;
}
#endif  /* __HAVE_ARCH_GATE_AREA */

bool process_shares_mm(const struct task_struct *p, const struct mm_struct *mm);

void drop_slab(void);

#ifndef CONFIG_MMU
#define randomize_va_space 0
#else
extern int randomize_va_space;
#endif

const char * arch_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
void print_vma_addr(char *prefix, unsigned long rip);
#else
static inline void print_vma_addr(char *prefix, unsigned long rip)
{
}
#endif

void *sparse_buffer_alloc(unsigned long size);
unsigned long section_map_size(void);
struct page * __populate_section_memmap(unsigned long pfn,
                unsigned long nr_pages, int nid, struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
                struct dev_pagemap *pgmap);
pgd_t *vmemmap_pgd_populate(unsigned long addr, int node);
p4d_t *vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, int node);
pud_t *vmemmap_pud_populate(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr, int node);
pmd_t *vmemmap_pmd_populate(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, int node);
pte_t *vmemmap_pte_populate(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, int node,
                            struct vmem_altmap *altmap, unsigned long ptpfn,
                            unsigned long flags);
void *vmemmap_alloc_block(unsigned long size, int node);
struct vmem_altmap;
void *vmemmap_alloc_block_buf(unsigned long size, int node,
                              struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
void vmemmap_verify(pte_t *, int, unsigned long, unsigned long);
void vmemmap_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmd, void *p, int node,
                     unsigned long addr, unsigned long next);
int vmemmap_check_pmd(pmd_t *pmd, int node,
                      unsigned long addr, unsigned long next);
int vmemmap_populate_basepages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
                               int node, struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
int vmemmap_populate_hugepages(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
                               int node, struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
int vmemmap_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
                struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
int vmemmap_populate_hvo(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
                         unsigned long headsize);
int vmemmap_undo_hvo(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
                     unsigned long headsize);
void vmemmap_wrprotect_hvo(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int node,
                          unsigned long headsize);
void vmemmap_populate_print_last(void);
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
void vmemmap_free(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
                struct vmem_altmap *altmap);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
static inline unsigned long vmem_altmap_offset(const struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
        /* number of pfns from base where pfn_to_page() is valid */
        if (altmap)
                return altmap->reserve + altmap->free;
        return 0;
}

static inline void vmem_altmap_free(struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
                                    unsigned long nr_pfns)
{
        altmap->alloc -= nr_pfns;
}
#else
static inline unsigned long vmem_altmap_offset(const struct vmem_altmap *altmap)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline void vmem_altmap_free(struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
                                    unsigned long nr_pfns)
{
}
#endif

#define VMEMMAP_RESERVE_NR      2
#ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_WANT_OPTIMIZE_DAX_VMEMMAP
static inline bool __vmemmap_can_optimize(struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
                                          struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
        unsigned long nr_pages;
        unsigned long nr_vmemmap_pages;

        if (!pgmap || !is_power_of_2(sizeof(struct page)))
                return false;

        nr_pages = pgmap_vmemmap_nr(pgmap);
        nr_vmemmap_pages = ((nr_pages * sizeof(struct page)) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
        /*
         * For vmemmap optimization with DAX we need minimum 2 vmemmap
         * pages. See layout diagram in Documentation/mm/vmemmap_dedup.rst
         */
        return !altmap && (nr_vmemmap_pages > VMEMMAP_RESERVE_NR);
}
/*
 * If we don't have an architecture override, use the generic rule
 */
#ifndef vmemmap_can_optimize
#define vmemmap_can_optimize __vmemmap_can_optimize
#endif

#else
static inline bool vmemmap_can_optimize(struct vmem_altmap *altmap,
                                           struct dev_pagemap *pgmap)
{
        return false;
}
#endif

enum mf_flags {
        MF_COUNT_INCREASED = 1 << 0,
        MF_ACTION_REQUIRED = 1 << 1,
        MF_MUST_KILL = 1 << 2,
        MF_SOFT_OFFLINE = 1 << 3,
        MF_UNPOISON = 1 << 4,
        MF_SW_SIMULATED = 1 << 5,
        MF_NO_RETRY = 1 << 6,
        MF_MEM_PRE_REMOVE = 1 << 7,
};
int mf_dax_kill_procs(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t index,
                      unsigned long count, int mf_flags);
extern int memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
extern int unpoison_memory(unsigned long pfn);
extern atomic_long_t num_poisoned_pages __read_mostly;
extern int soft_offline_page(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
/*
 * Sysfs entries for memory failure handling statistics.
 */
extern const struct attribute_group memory_failure_attr_group;
extern void memory_failure_queue(unsigned long pfn, int flags);
extern int __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags,
                                        bool *migratable_cleared);
void num_poisoned_pages_inc(unsigned long pfn);
void num_poisoned_pages_sub(unsigned long pfn, long i);
#else
static inline void memory_failure_queue(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
{
}

static inline int __get_huge_page_for_hwpoison(unsigned long pfn, int flags,
                                        bool *migratable_cleared)
{
        return 0;
}

static inline void num_poisoned_pages_inc(unsigned long pfn)
{
}

static inline void num_poisoned_pages_sub(unsigned long pfn, long i)
{
}
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE) && defined(CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG)
extern void memblk_nr_poison_inc(unsigned long pfn);
extern void memblk_nr_poison_sub(unsigned long pfn, long i);
#else
static inline void memblk_nr_poison_inc(unsigned long pfn)
{
}

static inline void memblk_nr_poison_sub(unsigned long pfn, long i)
{
}
#endif

#ifndef arch_memory_failure
static inline int arch_memory_failure(unsigned long pfn, int flags)
{
        return -ENXIO;
}
#endif

#ifndef arch_is_platform_page
static inline bool arch_is_platform_page(u64 paddr)
{
        return false;
}
#endif

/*
 * Error handlers for various types of pages.
 */
enum mf_result {
        MF_IGNORED,     /* Error: cannot be handled */
        MF_FAILED,      /* Error: handling failed */
        MF_DELAYED,     /* Will be handled later */
        MF_RECOVERED,   /* Successfully recovered */
};

enum mf_action_page_type {
        MF_MSG_KERNEL,
        MF_MSG_KERNEL_HIGH_ORDER,
        MF_MSG_DIFFERENT_COMPOUND,
        MF_MSG_HUGE,
        MF_MSG_FREE_HUGE,
        MF_MSG_GET_HWPOISON,
        MF_MSG_UNMAP_FAILED,
        MF_MSG_DIRTY_SWAPCACHE,
        MF_MSG_CLEAN_SWAPCACHE,
        MF_MSG_DIRTY_MLOCKED_LRU,
        MF_MSG_CLEAN_MLOCKED_LRU,
        MF_MSG_DIRTY_UNEVICTABLE_LRU,
        MF_MSG_CLEAN_UNEVICTABLE_LRU,
        MF_MSG_DIRTY_LRU,
        MF_MSG_CLEAN_LRU,
        MF_MSG_TRUNCATED_LRU,
        MF_MSG_BUDDY,
        MF_MSG_DAX,
        MF_MSG_UNSPLIT_THP,
        MF_MSG_ALREADY_POISONED,
        MF_MSG_PFN_MAP,
        MF_MSG_UNKNOWN,
};

#if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) || defined(CONFIG_HUGETLBFS)
void folio_zero_user(struct folio *folio, unsigned long addr_hint);
int copy_user_large_folio(struct folio *dst, struct folio *src,
                          unsigned long addr_hint,
                          struct vm_area_struct *vma);
long copy_folio_from_user(struct folio *dst_folio,
                           const void __user *usr_src,
                           bool allow_pagefault);

/**
 * vma_is_special_huge - Are transhuge page-table entries considered special?
 * @vma: Pointer to the struct vm_area_struct to consider
 *
 * Whether transhuge page-table entries are considered "special" following
 * the definition in vm_normal_page().
 *
 * Return: true if transhuge page-table entries should be considered special,
 * false otherwise.
 */
static inline bool vma_is_special_huge(const struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        return vma_is_dax(vma) || (vma->vm_file &&
                                   (vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP)));
}

#endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE || CONFIG_HUGETLBFS */

#if MAX_NUMNODES > 1
void __init setup_nr_node_ids(void);
#else
static inline void setup_nr_node_ids(void) {}
#endif

extern int memcmp_pages(struct page *page1, struct page *page2);

static inline int pages_identical(struct page *page1, struct page *page2)
{
        return !memcmp_pages(page1, page2);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MAPPING_DIRTY_HELPERS
unsigned long clean_record_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                                                pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr,
                                                pgoff_t bitmap_pgoff,
                                                unsigned long *bitmap,
                                                pgoff_t *start,
                                                pgoff_t *end);

unsigned long wp_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
                                      pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr);
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME
int set_anon_vma_name(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size,
                      const char __user *uname);
#else
static inline
int set_anon_vma_name(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size,
                      const char __user *uname)
{
        return -EINVAL;
}
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_UNACCEPTED_MEMORY

bool range_contains_unaccepted_memory(phys_addr_t start, unsigned long size);
void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, unsigned long size);

#else

static inline bool range_contains_unaccepted_memory(phys_addr_t start,
                                                    unsigned long size)
{
        return false;
}

static inline void accept_memory(phys_addr_t start, unsigned long size)
{
}

#endif

static inline bool pfn_is_unaccepted_memory(unsigned long pfn)
{
        return range_contains_unaccepted_memory(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_SIZE);
}

void vma_pgtable_walk_begin(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
void vma_pgtable_walk_end(struct vm_area_struct *vma);

int reserve_mem_find_by_name(const char *name, phys_addr_t *start, phys_addr_t *size);
int reserve_mem_release_by_name(const char *name);

#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
int do_mseal(unsigned long start, size_t len_in, unsigned long flags);
#else
static inline int do_mseal(unsigned long start, size_t len_in, unsigned long flags)
{
        /* noop on 32 bit */
        return 0;
}
#endif

/*
 * user_alloc_needs_zeroing checks if a user folio from page allocator needs to
 * be zeroed or not.
 */
static inline bool user_alloc_needs_zeroing(void)
{
        /*
         * for user folios, arch with cache aliasing requires cache flush and
         * arc changes folio->flags to make icache coherent with dcache, so
         * always return false to make caller use
         * clear_user_page()/clear_user_highpage().
         */
        return cpu_dcache_is_aliasing() || cpu_icache_is_aliasing() ||
               !static_branch_maybe(CONFIG_INIT_ON_ALLOC_DEFAULT_ON,
                                   &init_on_alloc);
}

int arch_get_shadow_stack_status(struct task_struct *t, unsigned long __user *status);
int arch_set_shadow_stack_status(struct task_struct *t, unsigned long status);
int arch_lock_shadow_stack_status(struct task_struct *t, unsigned long status);

/*
 * DMA mapping IDs for page_pool
 *
 * When DMA-mapping a page, page_pool allocates an ID (from an xarray) and
 * stashes it in the upper bits of page->pp_magic. We always want to be able to
 * unambiguously identify page pool pages (using page_pool_page_is_pp()). Non-PP
 * pages can have arbitrary kernel pointers stored in the same field as pp_magic
 * (since it overlaps with page->lru.next), so we must ensure that we cannot
 * mistake a valid kernel pointer with any of the values we write into this
 * field.
 *
 * On architectures that set POISON_POINTER_DELTA, this is already ensured,
 * since this value becomes part of PP_SIGNATURE; meaning we can just use the
 * space between the PP_SIGNATURE value (without POISON_POINTER_DELTA), and the
 * lowest bits of POISON_POINTER_DELTA. On arches where POISON_POINTER_DELTA is
 * 0, we use the lowest bit of PAGE_OFFSET as the boundary if that value is
 * known at compile-time.
 *
 * If the value of PAGE_OFFSET is not known at compile time, or if it is too
 * small to leave at least 8 bits available above PP_SIGNATURE, we define the
 * number of bits to be 0, which turns off the DMA index tracking altogether
 * (see page_pool_register_dma_index()).
 */
#define PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT (1 + __fls(PP_SIGNATURE - POISON_POINTER_DELTA))
#if POISON_POINTER_DELTA > 0
/* PP_SIGNATURE includes POISON_POINTER_DELTA, so limit the size of the DMA
 * index to not overlap with that if set
 */
#define PP_DMA_INDEX_BITS MIN(32, __ffs(POISON_POINTER_DELTA) - PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT)
#else
/* Use the lowest bit of PAGE_OFFSET if there's at least 8 bits available; see above */
#define PP_DMA_INDEX_MIN_OFFSET (1 << (PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT + 8))
#define PP_DMA_INDEX_BITS ((__builtin_constant_p(PAGE_OFFSET) && \
                            PAGE_OFFSET >= PP_DMA_INDEX_MIN_OFFSET && \
                            !(PAGE_OFFSET & (PP_DMA_INDEX_MIN_OFFSET - 1))) ? \
                              MIN(32, __ffs(PAGE_OFFSET) - PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT) : 0)

#endif

#define PP_DMA_INDEX_MASK GENMASK(PP_DMA_INDEX_BITS + PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT - 1, \
                                  PP_DMA_INDEX_SHIFT)

/* Mask used for checking in page_pool_page_is_pp() below. page->pp_magic is
 * OR'ed with PP_SIGNATURE after the allocation in order to preserve bit 0 for
 * the head page of compound page and bit 1 for pfmemalloc page, as well as the
 * bits used for the DMA index. page_is_pfmemalloc() is checked in
 * __page_pool_put_page() to avoid recycling the pfmemalloc page.
 */
#define PP_MAGIC_MASK ~(PP_DMA_INDEX_MASK | 0x3UL)

#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_POOL
static inline bool page_pool_page_is_pp(const struct page *page)
{
        return (page->pp_magic & PP_MAGIC_MASK) == PP_SIGNATURE;
}
#else
static inline bool page_pool_page_is_pp(const struct page *page)
{
        return false;
}
#endif

#define PAGE_SNAPSHOT_FAITHFUL (1 << 0)
#define PAGE_SNAPSHOT_PG_BUDDY (1 << 1)
#define PAGE_SNAPSHOT_PG_IDLE  (1 << 2)

struct page_snapshot {
        struct folio folio_snapshot;
        struct page page_snapshot;
        unsigned long pfn;
        unsigned long idx;
        unsigned long flags;
};

static inline bool snapshot_page_is_faithful(const struct page_snapshot *ps)
{
        return ps->flags & PAGE_SNAPSHOT_FAITHFUL;
}

void snapshot_page(struct page_snapshot *ps, const struct page *page);

#endif /* _LINUX_MM_H */