root/sys/dev/usb/uaudio.c
/*      $NetBSD: uaudio.c,v 1.185 2026/01/10 08:54:07 mlelstv Exp $     */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2012 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by Lennart Augustsson (lennart@augustsson.net) at
 * Carlstedt Research & Technology, and Matthew R. Green (mrg@eterna23.net).
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * USB audio specs: http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/devclass_docs/audio10.pdf
 *                  http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/devclass_docs/frmts10.pdf
 *                  http://www.usb.org/developers/docs/devclass_docs/termt10.pdf
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: uaudio.c,v 1.185 2026/01/10 08:54:07 mlelstv Exp $");

#ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
#include "opt_usb.h"
#endif

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>         /* for bootverbose */
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <sys/module.h>
#include <sys/bus.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/atomic.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <sys/audioio.h>
#include <dev/audio/audio_if.h>

#include <dev/usb/usb.h>
#include <dev/usb/usbdi.h>
#include <dev/usb/usbdivar.h>
#include <dev/usb/usbdi_util.h>
#include <dev/usb/usb_quirks.h>

#include <dev/usb/usbdevs.h>

#include <dev/usb/uaudioreg.h>

/* #define UAUDIO_DEBUG */
#define UAUDIO_MULTIPLE_ENDPOINTS
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
#define DPRINTF(x,y...)         do { \
                if (uaudiodebug) { \
                        struct lwp *l = curlwp; \
                        printf("%s[%d:%d]: "x, __func__, l->l_proc->p_pid, l->l_lid, y); \
                } \
        } while (0)
#define DPRINTFN_CLEAN(n,x...)  do { \
                if (uaudiodebug > (n)) \
                        printf(x); \
        } while (0)
#define DPRINTFN(n,x,y...)      do { \
                if (uaudiodebug > (n)) { \
                        struct lwp *l = curlwp; \
                        printf("%s[%d:%d]: "x, __func__, l->l_proc->p_pid, l->l_lid, y); \
                } \
        } while (0)
int     uaudiodebug = 0;
#else
#define DPRINTF(x,y...)
#define DPRINTFN_CLEAN(n,x...)
#define DPRINTFN(n,x,y...)
#endif

/* number of outstanding requests */
#define UAUDIO_NCHANBUFS        6
/* number of USB frames per request, also the number of ms */
#define UAUDIO_NFRAMES          10
/* number of microframes per requewst (high, super)  */
#define UAUDIO_NFRAMES_HI       40


#define MIX_MAX_CHAN 8
struct range {
        int minval, maxval, resval;
};

struct mixerctl {
        uint16_t        wValue[MIX_MAX_CHAN]; /* using nchan */
        uint16_t        wIndex;
        uint8_t         nchan;
        uint8_t         type;
#define MIX_ON_OFF      0x01
#define MIX_SELECTOR    0x02
#define MIX_SIGNED_8    0x10
#define MIX_UNSIGNED_8  0x18
#define MIX_SIGNED_16   0x20
#define MIX_UNSIGNED_16 0x28
#define MIX_SIGNED_32   0x40
#define MIX_UNSIGNED_32 0x48
#define MIX_SIZE(n) ( \
        ((n) == MIX_UNSIGNED_32 || (n) == MIX_SIGNED_32) ? 4 : \
        ((n) == MIX_SIGNED_16 || (n) == MIX_UNSIGNED_16) ? 2 : 1 )
#define MIX_UNSIGNED(n) ( \
        (n) == MIX_UNSIGNED_8 || \
        (n) == MIX_UNSIGNED_16 || \
        (n) == MIX_UNSIGNED_32 )
        struct range    range0;
        struct range    *ranges;
        u_int           nranges;
        u_int           delta;
        u_int           mul;
        uint8_t         class;
        char            ctlname[MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN];
        const char      *ctlunit;
};
#define MAKE(h,l) (((h) << 8) | (l))

struct as_info {
        uint8_t         alt;
        uint8_t         encoding;
        uint8_t         nchan;
        uint8_t         attributes; /* Copy of bmAttributes of
                                     * usb_audio_streaming_endpoint_descriptor
                                     */
        uint8_t         terminal;       /* connected Terminal ID */
        struct usbd_interface * ifaceh;
        const usb_interface_descriptor_t *idesc;
        const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *edesc;
        const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *edesc1;
        const union usb_audio_streaming_type1_descriptor *asf1desc;
        struct audio_format *aformat;
        int             sc_busy;        /* currently used */
};

struct chan {
        void    (*intr)(void *);        /* DMA completion intr handler */
        void    *arg;           /* arg for intr() */
        struct usbd_pipe *pipe;
        struct usbd_pipe *sync_pipe;

        u_int   sample_size;
        u_int   sample_rate;
        u_int   bytes_per_frame;
        u_int   fraction;       /* fraction/1000 is the extra samples/frame */
        u_int   residue;        /* accumulates the fractional samples */

        u_char  *start;         /* upper layer buffer start */
        u_char  *end;           /* upper layer buffer end */
        u_char  *cur;           /* current position in upper layer buffer */
        int     blksize;        /* chunk size to report up */
        int     transferred;    /* transferred bytes not reported up */

        int     altidx;         /* currently used altidx */

        int     curchanbuf;
        u_int   nframes;        /* UAUDIO_NFRAMES or UAUDIO_NFRAMES_HI */
        u_int   nchanbufs;      /* 1..UAUDIO_NCHANBUFS */
        struct chanbuf {
                struct chan     *chan;
                struct usbd_xfer *xfer;
                u_char          *buffer;
                uint16_t        sizes[UAUDIO_NFRAMES_HI];
                uint16_t        offsets[UAUDIO_NFRAMES_HI];
                uint16_t        size;
        } chanbufs[UAUDIO_NCHANBUFS];

        struct uaudio_softc *sc; /* our softc */
};

/*
 *    The MI USB audio subsystem is now MP-SAFE and expects sc_intr_lock to be
 *    held on entry the callbacks passed to uaudio_trigger_{in,out}put
 */
struct uaudio_softc {
        device_t        sc_dev;         /* base device */
        kmutex_t        sc_lock;
        kmutex_t        sc_intr_lock;
        struct usbd_device *sc_udev;    /* USB device */
        int             sc_version;
        int             sc_ac_iface;    /* Audio Control interface */
        struct usbd_interface * sc_ac_ifaceh;
        struct chan     sc_playchan;    /* play channel */
        struct chan     sc_recchan;     /* record channel */
        int             sc_nullalt;
        int             sc_audio_rev;
        struct as_info  *sc_alts;       /* alternate settings */
        int             sc_nalts;       /* # of alternate settings */
        int             sc_altflags;
#define HAS_8           0x01
#define HAS_16          0x02
#define HAS_8U          0x04
#define HAS_ALAW        0x08
#define HAS_MULAW       0x10
#define UA_NOFRAC       0x20            /* don't do sample rate adjustment */
#define HAS_24          0x40
#define HAS_32          0x80
        int             sc_mode;        /* play/record capability */
        struct mixerctl *sc_ctls;       /* mixer controls */
        int             sc_nctls;       /* # of mixer controls */
        device_t        sc_audiodev;
        int             sc_nratectls;   /* V2 sample rates */
        int             sc_ratectls[AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES];
        int             sc_ratemode[AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES];
        int             sc_playclock;
        int             sc_recclock;
        struct audio_format *sc_formats;
        int             sc_nformats;
        uint8_t         sc_clock[256];  /* map terminals to clocks */
        u_int           sc_channel_config;
        u_int           sc_usb_frames_per_second;
        char            sc_dying;
        struct audio_device sc_adev;
};

struct terminal_list {
        int size;
        uint16_t terminals[1];
};
#define TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(N)   (offsetof(struct terminal_list, terminals) \
                                + sizeof(uint16_t) * (N))

struct io_terminal {
        union {
                const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *desc;
                const union usb_audio_input_terminal *it;
                const union usb_audio_output_terminal *ot;
                const struct usb_audio_mixer_unit *mu;
                const struct usb_audio_selector_unit *su;
                const union usb_audio_feature_unit *fu;
                const struct usb_audio_processing_unit *pu;
                const struct usb_audio_extension_unit *eu;
                const struct usb_audio_clksrc_unit *cu;
                const struct usb_audio_clksel_unit *lu;
        } d;
        int inputs_size;
        struct terminal_list **inputs; /* list of source input terminals */
        struct terminal_list *output; /* list of destination output terminals */
        int direct;             /* directly connected to an output terminal */
        uint8_t clock;
};

#define UAC_OUTPUT      0
#define UAC_INPUT       1
#define UAC_EQUAL       2
#define UAC_RECORD      3
#define UAC_NCLASSES    4
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static const char *uac_names[] = {
        AudioCoutputs, AudioCinputs, AudioCequalization, AudioCrecord
};
#endif

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static void uaudio_dump_tml
        (struct terminal_list *tml);
#endif
Static usbd_status uaudio_identify_ac
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const usb_config_descriptor_t *);
Static usbd_status uaudio_identify_as
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const usb_config_descriptor_t *);
Static usbd_status uaudio_process_as
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const char *, int *, int,
         const usb_interface_descriptor_t *);

Static void     uaudio_add_alt(struct uaudio_softc *, const struct as_info *);

Static const usb_interface_descriptor_t *uaudio_find_iface
        (const char *, int, int *, int);

Static void     uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(struct uaudio_softc *, struct mixerctl *);
Static char     *uaudio_id_name
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, uint8_t);
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static void     uaudio_dump_cluster
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const union usb_audio_cluster *);
#endif
Static union usb_audio_cluster uaudio_get_cluster
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, const struct io_terminal *);
Static void     uaudio_add_input
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_output
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_mixer
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_selector
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static const char *uaudio_get_terminal_name(int);
#endif
Static int      uaudio_determine_class
        (const struct io_terminal *, struct mixerctl *);
Static const char *uaudio_feature_name
        (const struct io_terminal *, uint8_t, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_feature
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_processing_updown
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_processing
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_effect
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_extension
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_clksrc
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static void     uaudio_add_clksel
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const struct io_terminal *, int);
Static struct terminal_list *uaudio_merge_terminal_list
        (const struct io_terminal *);
Static struct terminal_list *uaudio_io_terminaltype
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, struct io_terminal *, int);
Static usbd_status uaudio_identify
        (struct uaudio_softc *, const usb_config_descriptor_t *);
Static u_int uaudio_get_rates
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, u_int *, u_int);
Static void uaudio_build_formats
        (struct uaudio_softc *);

Static int      uaudio_signext(int, int);
Static int      uaudio_value2bsd(struct mixerctl *, int);
Static int      uaudio_bsd2value(struct mixerctl *, int);
Static const char *uaudio_clockname(u_int);
Static int      uaudio_makename
        (struct uaudio_softc *, uByte, const char *, uByte, char *, size_t);
Static int      uaudio_get(struct uaudio_softc *, int, int, int, int, int);
Static int      uaudio_getbuf(struct uaudio_softc *, int, int, int, int, int, uint8_t *);
Static int      uaudio_ctl_get
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, struct mixerctl *, int);
Static void     uaudio_set
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, int, int, int, int, int);
Static void     uaudio_ctl_set
        (struct uaudio_softc *, int, struct mixerctl *, int, int);

Static usbd_status uaudio_speed(struct uaudio_softc *, int, int, uint8_t *, int);
Static usbd_status uaudio_set_speed(struct uaudio_softc *, int, int, u_int);

Static usbd_status uaudio_chan_open(struct uaudio_softc *, struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_abort(struct uaudio_softc *, struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_close(struct uaudio_softc *, struct chan *);
Static usbd_status uaudio_chan_alloc_buffers
        (struct uaudio_softc *, struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_free_buffers(struct uaudio_softc *, struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_init
        (struct chan *, int, const struct audio_params *, int, bool);
Static void     uaudio_chan_set_param(struct chan *, u_char *, u_char *, int);
Static void     uaudio_chan_ptransfer(struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_pintr
        (struct usbd_xfer *, void *, usbd_status);

Static void     uaudio_chan_rtransfer(struct chan *);
Static void     uaudio_chan_rintr
        (struct usbd_xfer *, void *, usbd_status);

Static int      uaudio_open(void *, int);
Static int      uaudio_query_format(void *, audio_format_query_t *);
Static int      uaudio_set_format
     (void *, int, const audio_params_t *, const audio_params_t *,
         audio_filter_reg_t *, audio_filter_reg_t *);
Static int      uaudio_round_blocksize(void *, int, int, const audio_params_t *);
Static int      uaudio_trigger_output
        (void *, void *, void *, int, void (*)(void *), void *,
         const audio_params_t *);
Static int      uaudio_trigger_input
        (void *, void *, void *, int, void (*)(void *), void *,
         const audio_params_t *);
Static int      uaudio_halt_in_dma(void *);
Static int      uaudio_halt_out_dma(void *);
Static void     uaudio_halt_in_dma_unlocked(struct uaudio_softc *);
Static void     uaudio_halt_out_dma_unlocked(struct uaudio_softc *);
Static int      uaudio_getdev(void *, struct audio_device *);
Static int      uaudio_mixer_set_port(void *, mixer_ctrl_t *);
Static int      uaudio_mixer_get_port(void *, mixer_ctrl_t *);
Static int      uaudio_query_devinfo(void *, mixer_devinfo_t *);
Static int      uaudio_get_props(void *);
Static void     uaudio_get_locks(void *, kmutex_t **, kmutex_t **);

Static const struct audio_hw_if uaudio_hw_if = {
        .open                   = uaudio_open,
        .query_format           = uaudio_query_format,
        .set_format             = uaudio_set_format,
        .round_blocksize        = uaudio_round_blocksize,
        .halt_output            = uaudio_halt_out_dma,
        .halt_input             = uaudio_halt_in_dma,
        .getdev                 = uaudio_getdev,
        .set_port               = uaudio_mixer_set_port,
        .get_port               = uaudio_mixer_get_port,
        .query_devinfo          = uaudio_query_devinfo,
        .get_props              = uaudio_get_props,
        .trigger_output         = uaudio_trigger_output,
        .trigger_input          = uaudio_trigger_input,
        .get_locks              = uaudio_get_locks,
};

static int uaudio_match(device_t, cfdata_t, void *);
static void uaudio_attach(device_t, device_t, void *);
static int uaudio_detach(device_t, int);
static void uaudio_childdet(device_t, device_t);
static int uaudio_activate(device_t, enum devact);


CFATTACH_DECL2_NEW(uaudio, sizeof(struct uaudio_softc),
    uaudio_match, uaudio_attach, uaudio_detach, uaudio_activate, NULL,
    uaudio_childdet);

static int
uaudio_match(device_t parent, cfdata_t match, void *aux)
{
        struct usbif_attach_arg *uiaa = aux;

        /* Trigger on the control interface. */
        if (uiaa->uiaa_class != UICLASS_AUDIO ||
            uiaa->uiaa_subclass != UISUBCLASS_AUDIOCONTROL ||
            (usbd_get_quirks(uiaa->uiaa_device)->uq_flags & UQ_BAD_AUDIO))
                return UMATCH_NONE;

        return UMATCH_IFACECLASS_IFACESUBCLASS;
}

static void
uaudio_attach(device_t parent, device_t self, void *aux)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = device_private(self);
        struct usbif_attach_arg *uiaa = aux;
        usb_interface_descriptor_t *id;
        usb_config_descriptor_t *cdesc;
        char *devinfop;
        usbd_status err;
        int i, j, found;

        sc->sc_dev = self;
        sc->sc_udev = uiaa->uiaa_device;
        mutex_init(&sc->sc_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
        mutex_init(&sc->sc_intr_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_SOFTUSB);

        strlcpy(sc->sc_adev.name, "USB audio", sizeof(sc->sc_adev.name));
        strlcpy(sc->sc_adev.version, "", sizeof(sc->sc_adev.version));
        snprintf(sc->sc_adev.config, sizeof(sc->sc_adev.config), "usb:%08x",
            sc->sc_udev->ud_cookie.cookie);

        aprint_naive("\n");
        aprint_normal("\n");

        devinfop = usbd_devinfo_alloc(uiaa->uiaa_device, 0);
        aprint_normal_dev(self, "%s\n", devinfop);
        usbd_devinfo_free(devinfop);

        cdesc = usbd_get_config_descriptor(sc->sc_udev);
        if (cdesc == NULL) {
                aprint_error_dev(self,
                    "failed to get configuration descriptor\n");
                return;
        }

        err = uaudio_identify(sc, cdesc);
        if (err) {
                aprint_error_dev(self,
                    "audio descriptors make no sense, error=%d\n", err);
                return;
        }

        sc->sc_ac_ifaceh = uiaa->uiaa_iface;
        /* Pick up the AS interface. */
        for (i = 0; i < uiaa->uiaa_nifaces; i++) {
                if (uiaa->uiaa_ifaces[i] == NULL)
                        continue;
                id = usbd_get_interface_descriptor(uiaa->uiaa_ifaces[i]);
                if (id == NULL)
                        continue;
                found = 0;
                for (j = 0; j < sc->sc_nalts; j++) {
                        if (id->bInterfaceNumber ==
                            sc->sc_alts[j].idesc->bInterfaceNumber) {
                                sc->sc_alts[j].ifaceh = uiaa->uiaa_ifaces[i];
                                found = 1;
                        }
                }
                if (found)
                        uiaa->uiaa_ifaces[i] = NULL;
        }

        for (j = 0; j < sc->sc_nalts; j++) {
                if (sc->sc_alts[j].ifaceh == NULL) {
                        aprint_error_dev(self,
                            "alt %d missing AS interface(s)\n", j);
                        return;
                }
        }

        aprint_normal_dev(self, "audio rev %d.%02x\n",
               sc->sc_audio_rev >> 8, sc->sc_audio_rev & 0xff);

        sc->sc_playchan.sc = sc->sc_recchan.sc = sc;
        sc->sc_playchan.altidx = -1;
        sc->sc_recchan.altidx = -1;

        switch (sc->sc_udev->ud_speed) {
        case USB_SPEED_LOW:
        case USB_SPEED_FULL:
                sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second = USB_FRAMES_PER_SECOND;
                sc->sc_playchan.nframes =
                    sc->sc_recchan.nframes = UAUDIO_NFRAMES;
                break;
        default: /* HIGH, SUPER, SUPER_PLUS, more ? */
                sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second = USB_FRAMES_PER_SECOND * USB_UFRAMES_PER_FRAME;
                sc->sc_playchan.nframes =
                    sc->sc_recchan.nframes = UAUDIO_NFRAMES_HI;
                break;
        }
        sc->sc_playchan.nchanbufs =
            sc->sc_recchan.nchanbufs = UAUDIO_NCHANBUFS;

        DPRINTF("usb fps %u, max channel frames %u, max channel buffers %u\n",
            sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second, sc->sc_playchan.nframes, sc->sc_playchan.nchanbufs);

        if (usbd_get_quirks(sc->sc_udev)->uq_flags & UQ_AU_NO_FRAC)
                sc->sc_altflags |= UA_NOFRAC;

#ifndef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (bootverbose)
#endif
                aprint_normal_dev(self, "%d mixer controls\n",
                    sc->sc_nctls);

        usbd_add_drv_event(USB_EVENT_DRIVER_ATTACH, sc->sc_udev, sc->sc_dev);

        DPRINTF("%s", "doing audio_attach_mi\n");
        sc->sc_audiodev = audio_attach_mi(&uaudio_hw_if, sc, sc->sc_dev);

        if (!pmf_device_register(self, NULL, NULL))
                aprint_error_dev(self, "couldn't establish power handler\n");

        return;
}

static int
uaudio_activate(device_t self, enum devact act)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = device_private(self);

        switch (act) {
        case DVACT_DEACTIVATE:
                sc->sc_dying = 1;
                return 0;
        default:
                return EOPNOTSUPP;
        }
}

static void
uaudio_childdet(device_t self, device_t child)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = device_private(self);

        KASSERT(sc->sc_audiodev == child);
        sc->sc_audiodev = NULL;
}

static int
uaudio_detach(device_t self, int flags)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = device_private(self);
        int rv, i;

        sc->sc_dying = 1;

        pmf_device_deregister(self);

        /* Wait for outstanding requests to complete. */
        uaudio_halt_out_dma_unlocked(sc);
        uaudio_halt_in_dma_unlocked(sc);

        if (sc->sc_audiodev != NULL) {
                rv = config_detach(sc->sc_audiodev, flags);
                if (rv)
                        return rv;
        }

        usbd_add_drv_event(USB_EVENT_DRIVER_DETACH, sc->sc_udev, sc->sc_dev);

        if (sc->sc_formats != NULL)
                kmem_free(sc->sc_formats,
                    sizeof(struct audio_format) * sc->sc_nformats);

        if (sc->sc_ctls != NULL) {
                for (i=0; i<sc->sc_nctls; ++i) {
                        if (sc->sc_ctls[i].nranges == 0)
                                continue;
                        kmem_free( sc->sc_ctls[i].ranges,
                            sc->sc_ctls[i].nranges * sizeof(struct range));
                }
                kmem_free(sc->sc_ctls, sizeof(struct mixerctl) * sc->sc_nctls);
        }

        if (sc->sc_alts != NULL)
                kmem_free(sc->sc_alts, sizeof(struct as_info) * sc->sc_nalts);

        mutex_destroy(&sc->sc_lock);
        mutex_destroy(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_query_format(void *addr, audio_format_query_t *afp)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;

        sc = addr;
        return audio_query_format(sc->sc_formats, sc->sc_nformats, afp);
}

Static const usb_interface_descriptor_t *
uaudio_find_iface(const char *tbuf, int size, int *offsp, int subtype)
{
        const usb_interface_descriptor_t *d;

        while (*offsp + sizeof(*d) <= size) {
                d = (const void *)(tbuf + *offsp);
                DPRINTFN(3, "%d + %d <= %d type %d class %d/%d iface %d\n",
                    *offsp, d->bLength, size,
                    d->bDescriptorType,
                    d->bInterfaceClass,
                    d->bInterfaceSubClass,
                    d->bInterfaceNumber);
                *offsp += d->bLength;
                if (d->bDescriptorType == UDESC_INTERFACE &&
                    d->bInterfaceClass == UICLASS_AUDIO &&
                    d->bInterfaceSubClass == subtype)
                        return d;
        }
        return NULL;
}

Static void
uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct mixerctl *mc)
{
        int res;
        size_t len, count, msz;
        struct mixerctl *nmc;
        struct range *r;
        uint8_t *buf, *p;
        int i;

        if (mc->class < UAC_NCLASSES) {
                DPRINTF("adding %s.%s\n", uac_names[mc->class], mc->ctlname);
        } else {
                DPRINTF("adding %s\n", mc->ctlname);
        }
        len = sizeof(*mc) * (sc->sc_nctls + 1);
        nmc = kmem_alloc(len, KM_SLEEP);
        /* Copy old data, if there was any */
        if (sc->sc_nctls != 0) {
                memcpy(nmc, sc->sc_ctls, sizeof(*mc) * sc->sc_nctls);
                for (i = 0; i<sc->sc_nctls; ++i) {
                        if (sc->sc_ctls[i].ranges == &sc->sc_ctls[i].range0)
                                nmc[i].ranges = &nmc[i].range0;
                }
                kmem_free(sc->sc_ctls, sizeof(*mc) * sc->sc_nctls);
        }
        sc->sc_ctls = nmc;

        /*
         * preset
         * - mc->class
         * - mc->ctlname
         * - mc->ctlunit
         * - mc->wIndex
         * - mc->wValue[]
         * - mc->type
         * - mc->nchan
         *
         * - mc->range0, mc->mul for MIX_SELECTOR
         */
        sc->sc_ctls[sc->sc_nctls] = *mc;
        mc = &sc->sc_ctls[sc->sc_nctls++];
        msz = MIX_SIZE(mc->type);

        mc->delta = 0;
        mc->nranges = 0;
        mc->ranges = r = &mc->range0;
        mc->mul = 0;
        if (mc->type == MIX_ON_OFF) {
                r->minval = 0;
                r->maxval = 1;
                r->resval = 1;
                res = r->resval;
        } else if (mc->type == MIX_SELECTOR) {
                /* range0 already set by uaudio_add_selector */
                res = r->resval;
        } else if (sc->sc_version == UAUDIO_VERSION1) {
                /* Determine min and max values. */
                r->minval = uaudio_signext(mc->type,
                        uaudio_get(sc, GET_MIN, UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE,
                                   mc->wValue[0], mc->wIndex, msz));
                r->maxval = uaudio_signext(mc->type,
                        uaudio_get(sc, GET_MAX, UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE,
                                   mc->wValue[0], mc->wIndex, msz));
                r->resval = uaudio_get(sc, GET_RES, UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE,
                         mc->wValue[0], mc->wIndex, msz);
                mc->mul = r->maxval - r->minval;
                res = r->resval;
        } else { /* UAUDIO_VERSION2 */
                count = (uint16_t)uaudio_get(sc, V2_RANGES,
                    UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE,
                    mc->wValue[0], mc->wIndex, 2);

                if (count == 0 || count == (uint16_t)-1) {
                        DPRINTF("invalid range count %zu\n", count);
                        return;
                }

                if (count > 1) {
                        r = kmem_alloc(sizeof(struct range) * count,
                            KM_SLEEP);
                        mc->ranges = r;
                        mc->nranges = count;
                }

                mc->ranges[0].minval = 0;
                mc->ranges[0].maxval = 0;
                mc->ranges[0].resval = 1;

                /* again with the required buffer size */
                len = 2 + count * 3 * msz;
                buf = kmem_alloc(len, KM_SLEEP);
                uaudio_getbuf(sc, V2_RANGES, UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE,
                                 mc->wValue[0], mc->wIndex, len, buf);
                res = 0;
                p = &buf[2];
                for (i=0, p=buf+2; i<count; ++i) {
                        uint32_t minval, maxval, resval;
                        switch (msz) {
                        case 1:
                                minval = *p++;
                                maxval = *p++;
                                resval = *p++;
                                break;
                        case 2:
                                minval = p[0] | p[1] << 8;
                                p += 2;
                                maxval = p[0] | p[1] << 8;
                                p += 2;
                                resval = p[0] | p[1] << 8;
                                p += 2;
                                break;
                        case 3:
                                minval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 | p[2] << 16;
                                p += 3;
                                maxval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 | p[2] << 16;
                                p += 3;
                                resval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 | p[2] << 16;
                                p += 3;
                                break;
                        case 4:
                                minval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 \
                                       | p[2] << 16 | p[3] << 24;
                                p += 4;
                                maxval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 \
                                       | p[2] << 16 | p[3] << 24;
                                p += 4;
                                resval = p[0] | p[1] << 8 \
                                       | p[2] << 16 | p[3] << 24;
                                p += 4;
                                break;
                        default: /* not allowed */
                                minval = maxval = 0;
                                resval = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                        mc->ranges[i].minval = uaudio_signext(mc->type, minval);
                        mc->ranges[i].maxval = uaudio_signext(mc->type, maxval);
                        mc->ranges[i].resval = uaudio_signext(mc->type, resval);
                        if (mc->ranges[i].resval > res)
                                res = mc->ranges[i].resval;
                }
                kmem_free(buf, len);
                
                mc->mul = mc->ranges[count - 1].maxval - mc->ranges[0].minval;

                /*
                 * use resolution 1 (ideally the lcd) for
                 * multiple (valid) resolution values.
                 */
                if (count > 1 && res > 0)
                        res = 1;
        }

        if (mc->mul == 0)
                mc->mul = 1;

        mc->delta = (res * 255 + mc->mul - 1) / mc->mul;

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (uaudiodebug > 2) {
                DPRINTFN_CLEAN(2, "wValue=%04x", mc->wValue[0]);
                for (i = 1; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                        DPRINTFN_CLEAN(2, ",%04x", mc->wValue[i]);
                DPRINTFN_CLEAN(2, "\n");
                count = mc->nranges > 0 ? mc->nranges : 1;
                for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
                        DPRINTFN_CLEAN(2, "%d: wIndex=%04x type=%d name='%s' "
                         "unit='%s' min=%d max=%d res=%d\n",
                         i, mc->wIndex, mc->type, mc->ctlname, mc->ctlunit,
                         mc->ranges[i].minval,
                         mc->ranges[i].maxval,
                         mc->ranges[i].resval);
        }
#endif
}

Static char *
uaudio_id_name(struct uaudio_softc *sc,
    const struct io_terminal *iot, uint8_t id)
{
        static char tbuf[32];

        snprintf(tbuf, sizeof(tbuf), "i%u", id);

        return tbuf;
}

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static void
uaudio_dump_cluster(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const union usb_audio_cluster *cl)
{
        static const char *channel_v1_names[16] = {
                "LEFT", "RIGHT", "CENTER", "LFE",
                "LEFT_SURROUND", "RIGHT_SURROUND", "LEFT_CENTER", "RIGHT_CENTER",
                "SURROUND", "LEFT_SIDE", "RIGHT_SIDE", "TOP",
                "RESERVED12", "RESERVED13", "RESERVED14", "RESERVED15",
        };
        static const char *channel_v2_names[32] = {
                "LEFT", "RIGHT", "CENTER", "LFE",
                "BACK_LEFT", "BACK_RIGHT", "FLC", "FRC",
                "BACK_CENTER", "SIDE_LEFT", "SIDE_RIGHT", "TOP CENTER",
                "TFL", "TFC", "TFR", "TBL", "TBC", "TBR",
                "TFLC", "TFRC", "LLFE", "RLFE", "TSL", "TSR",
                "BC", "BLC", "BRC",
                "RESERVED27", "RESERVED28", "RESERVED29", "RESERVED30",
                "RAW_DATA"
        };
        const char **channel_names;
        uint32_t cc;
        int i, first, icn;

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                channel_names = channel_v1_names;
                cc = UGETW(cl->v1.wChannelConfig);
                icn = cl->v1.iChannelNames;
                printf("cluster: bNrChannels=%u wChannelConfig=%#.4x",
                          cl->v1.bNrChannels, cc);
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                channel_names = channel_v2_names;
                cc = UGETDW(cl->v2.bmChannelConfig);
                icn = cl->v2.iChannelNames;
                printf("cluster: bNrChannels=%u bmChannelConfig=%#.8x",
                          cl->v2.bNrChannels, cc);
                break;
        default:
                return;
        }

        first = TRUE;
        for (i = 0; cc != 0; i++) {
                if (cc & 1) {
                        printf("%c%s", first ? '<' : ',', channel_names[i]);
                        first = FALSE;
                }
                cc = cc >> 1;
        }
        printf("> iChannelNames=%u", icn);
}
#endif

Static union usb_audio_cluster
uaudio_get_cluster(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int id, const struct io_terminal *iot)
{
        union usb_audio_cluster r;
        const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *dp;
        u_int pins;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < 25; i++) { /* avoid infinite loops */
                dp = iot[id].d.desc;
                if (dp == 0)
                        goto bad;

                switch (dp->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                case UDESCSUB_AC_INPUT:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                r.v1.bNrChannels = iot[id].d.it->v1.bNrChannels;
                                USETW(r.v1.wChannelConfig,
                                    UGETW(iot[id].d.it->v1.wChannelConfig));
                                r.v1.iChannelNames = iot[id].d.it->v1.iChannelNames;
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                r.v2.bNrChannels = iot[id].d.it->v2.bNrChannels;
                                USETDW(r.v2.bmChannelConfig,
                                    UGETW(iot[id].d.it->v2.bmChannelConfig));
                                r.v2.iChannelNames = iot[id].d.it->v2.iChannelNames;
                                break;
                        }
                        return r;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT:
                        /* XXX This is not really right */
                        id = iot[id].d.ot->v1.bSourceId;
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_MIXER:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                pins = iot[id].d.mu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v1 = *(const struct usb_audio_v1_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.mu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                pins = iot[id].d.mu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v2 = *(const struct usb_audio_v2_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.mu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        }
                        return r;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_SELECTOR:
                        /* XXX This is not really right */
                        id = iot[id].d.su->baSourceId[0];
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_FEATURE:
                        /* XXX This is not really right */
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                id = iot[id].d.fu->v1.bSourceId;
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                id = iot[id].d.fu->v2.bSourceId;
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_PROCESSING:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                pins = iot[id].d.pu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v1 = *(const struct usb_audio_v1_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.pu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                pins = iot[id].d.pu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v2 = *(const struct usb_audio_v2_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.pu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        }
                        return r;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_EXTENSION:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                pins = iot[id].d.eu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v1 = *(const struct usb_audio_v1_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.eu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                pins = iot[id].d.eu->bNrInPins;
                                r.v2 = *(const struct usb_audio_v2_cluster *)
                                    &iot[id].d.eu->baSourceId[pins];
                                break;
                        }
                        return r;
                default:
                        goto bad;
                }
        }
 bad:
        aprint_error("uaudio_get_cluster: bad data\n");
        memset(&r, 0, sizeof(r));
        return r;

}

Static void
uaudio_add_input(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const union usb_audio_input_terminal *d;

        d = iot[id].d.it;
        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
                DPRINTFN(2,"bTerminalId=%d wTerminalType=0x%04x "
                            "bAssocTerminal=%d bNrChannels=%d wChannelConfig=%d "
                            "iChannelNames=%d iTerminal=%d\n",
                            d->v1.bTerminalId, UGETW(d->v1.wTerminalType), d->v1.bAssocTerminal,
                            d->v1.bNrChannels, UGETW(d->v1.wChannelConfig),
                            d->v1.iChannelNames, d->v1.iTerminal);
#endif
                /* If USB input terminal, record wChannelConfig */
                if ((UGETW(d->v1.wTerminalType) & 0xff00) != UAT_UNDEFINED)
                        return;
                sc->sc_channel_config = UGETW(d->v1.wChannelConfig);
                sc->sc_clock[id] = 0;
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
                DPRINTFN(2,"bTerminalId=%d wTerminalType=0x%04x "
                            "bAssocTerminal=%d bNrChannels=%d bmChannelConfig=%x "
                            "iChannelNames=%d bCSourceId=%d iTerminal=%d\n",
                            d->v2.bTerminalId, UGETW(d->v2.wTerminalType), d->v2.bAssocTerminal,
                            d->v2.bNrChannels, UGETDW(d->v2.bmChannelConfig),
                            d->v2.iChannelNames, d->v2.bCSourceId, d->v2.iTerminal);
#endif
                /* If USB input terminal, record wChannelConfig */
                if ((UGETW(d->v2.wTerminalType) & 0xff00) != UAT_UNDEFINED)
                        return;
                sc->sc_channel_config = UGETDW(d->v2.bmChannelConfig);
                sc->sc_clock[id] = d->v2.bCSourceId;
                break;
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_add_output(struct uaudio_softc *sc,
    const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        const union usb_audio_output_terminal *d;

        d = iot[id].d.ot;
        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                DPRINTFN(2,"bTerminalId=%d wTerminalType=0x%04x "
                            "bAssocTerminal=%d bSourceId=%d iTerminal=%d\n",
                            d->v1.bTerminalId, UGETW(d->v1.wTerminalType), d->v1.bAssocTerminal,
                            d->v1.bSourceId, d->v1.iTerminal);
                sc->sc_clock[id] = 0;
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                DPRINTFN(2,"bTerminalId=%d wTerminalType=0x%04x "
                            "bAssocTerminal=%d bSourceId=%d bCSourceId=%d, iTerminal=%d\n",
                            d->v2.bTerminalId, UGETW(d->v2.wTerminalType), d->v2.bAssocTerminal,
                            d->v2.bSourceId, d->v2.bCSourceId, d->v2.iTerminal);
                sc->sc_clock[id] = d->v2.bCSourceId;
                break;
        }
#endif
}

Static void
uaudio_add_mixer(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_mixer_unit *d;
        const union usb_audio_mixer_unit_1 *d1;
        int c, chs, ichs, ochs, nchs, i, o, bno, p, k;
        size_t bm_size;
        const uByte *bm;
        struct mixerctl mix;

        d = iot[id].d.mu;
        d1 = (const union usb_audio_mixer_unit_1 *)&d->baSourceId[d->bNrInPins];
        DPRINTFN(2,"bUnitId=%d bNrInPins=%d\n",
                    d->bUnitId, d->bNrInPins);

        mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bUnitId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
        mix.type = MIX_SIGNED_16;
        mix.ctlunit = AudioNvolume;

        /* Compute the number of input channels */
        /* and the number of output channels */
        ichs = 0;
        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                for (i = 0; i < d->bNrInPins; i++)
                        ichs += uaudio_get_cluster(sc, d->baSourceId[i], iot).v1.bNrChannels;
                ochs = d1->v1.bNrChannels;
                DPRINTFN(2,"ichs=%d ochs=%d\n", ichs, ochs);
                bm = d1->v1.bmControls;
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                for (i = 0; i < d->bNrInPins; i++)
                        ichs += uaudio_get_cluster(sc, d->baSourceId[i], iot).v2.bNrChannels;
                ochs = d1->v2.bNrChannels;
                DPRINTFN(2,"ichs=%d ochs=%d\n", ichs, ochs);
                bm = d1->v2.bmMixerControls;
                bm_size = ichs * ochs / 8 + ((ichs * ochs % 8) ? 1 : 0);
                /* bmControls */
                if ((bm[bm_size] & UA_MIX_CLUSTER_MASK) != UA_MIX_CLUSTER_RW)
                        return;
                break;
        default:
                return;
        }

        for (p = i = 0; i < d->bNrInPins; i++) {
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        chs = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, d->baSourceId[i], iot)
                            .v1.bNrChannels;
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        chs = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, d->baSourceId[i], iot)
                            .v2.bNrChannels;
                        break;
                default:
                        continue;
                }

#define _BIT(bno) ((bm[bno / 8] >> (7 - bno % 8)) & 1)

                nchs = chs < MIX_MAX_CHAN ? chs : MIX_MAX_CHAN;

                k = 0;
                for (c = 0; c < nchs; c++) {
                        for (o = 0; o < ochs; o++) {
                                bno = (p + c) * ochs + o;
                                if (_BIT(bno))
                                        mix.wValue[k++] =
                                                MAKE(p+c+1, o+1);
                        }
                }
                mix.nchan = nchs;

                snprintf(mix.ctlname, sizeof(mix.ctlname),
                    "mix%d-%s", d->bUnitId,
                    uaudio_id_name(sc, iot, d->baSourceId[i])
                );
                uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);

#undef _BIT

                p += chs;
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_add_selector(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_selector_unit *d;
        struct mixerctl mix;
        int i, wp;

        d = iot[id].d.su;
        DPRINTFN(2,"bUnitId=%d bNrInPins=%d\n",
                    d->bUnitId, d->bNrInPins);
        mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bUnitId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        if (sc->sc_version == UAUDIO_VERSION2)
                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(V2_CUR_SELECTOR, 0);
        else
                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(0, 0);
        uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
        mix.nchan = 1;
        mix.type = MIX_SELECTOR;
        mix.ctlunit = "";
        mix.range0.minval = 1;
        mix.range0.maxval = d->bNrInPins;
        mix.range0.resval = 1;
        mix.mul = mix.range0.maxval - mix.range0.minval;
        wp = snprintf(mix.ctlname, MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN, "sel%d-", d->bUnitId);
        for (i = 1; i <= d->bNrInPins; i++) {
                wp += strlcpy(mix.ctlname + wp,
                    uaudio_id_name(sc, iot, d->baSourceId[i-1]),
                    MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN - wp);
                if (wp > MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN - 1)
                        break;
        }
        uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
}

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static const char *
uaudio_get_terminal_name(int terminal_type)
{
        static char tbuf[100];

        switch (terminal_type) {
        /* USB terminal types */
        case UAT_UNDEFINED:     return "UAT_UNDEFINED";
        case UAT_STREAM:        return "UAT_STREAM";
        case UAT_VENDOR:        return "UAT_VENDOR";
        /* input terminal types */
        case UATI_UNDEFINED:    return "UATI_UNDEFINED";
        case UATI_MICROPHONE:   return "UATI_MICROPHONE";
        case UATI_DESKMICROPHONE:       return "UATI_DESKMICROPHONE";
        case UATI_PERSONALMICROPHONE:   return "UATI_PERSONALMICROPHONE";
        case UATI_OMNIMICROPHONE:       return "UATI_OMNIMICROPHONE";
        case UATI_MICROPHONEARRAY:      return "UATI_MICROPHONEARRAY";
        case UATI_PROCMICROPHONEARR:    return "UATI_PROCMICROPHONEARR";
        /* output terminal types */
        case UATO_UNDEFINED:    return "UATO_UNDEFINED";
        case UATO_SPEAKER:      return "UATO_SPEAKER";
        case UATO_HEADPHONES:   return "UATO_HEADPHONES";
        case UATO_DISPLAYAUDIO: return "UATO_DISPLAYAUDIO";
        case UATO_DESKTOPSPEAKER:       return "UATO_DESKTOPSPEAKER";
        case UATO_ROOMSPEAKER:  return "UATO_ROOMSPEAKER";
        case UATO_COMMSPEAKER:  return "UATO_COMMSPEAKER";
        case UATO_SUBWOOFER:    return "UATO_SUBWOOFER";
        /* bidir terminal types */
        case UATB_UNDEFINED:    return "UATB_UNDEFINED";
        case UATB_HANDSET:      return "UATB_HANDSET";
        case UATB_HEADSET:      return "UATB_HEADSET";
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONE: return "UATB_SPEAKERPHONE";
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONEESUP:     return "UATB_SPEAKERPHONEESUP";
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONEECANC:    return "UATB_SPEAKERPHONEECANC";
        /* telephony terminal types */
        case UATT_UNDEFINED:    return "UATT_UNDEFINED";
        case UATT_PHONELINE:    return "UATT_PHONELINE";
        case UATT_TELEPHONE:    return "UATT_TELEPHONE";
        case UATT_DOWNLINEPHONE:        return "UATT_DOWNLINEPHONE";
        /* external terminal types */
        case UATE_UNDEFINED:    return "UATE_UNDEFINED";
        case UATE_ANALOGCONN:   return "UATE_ANALOGCONN";
        case UATE_LINECONN:     return "UATE_LINECONN";
        case UATE_LEGACYCONN:   return "UATE_LEGACYCONN";
        case UATE_DIGITALAUIFC: return "UATE_DIGITALAUIFC";
        case UATE_SPDIF:        return "UATE_SPDIF";
        case UATE_1394DA:       return "UATE_1394DA";
        case UATE_1394DV:       return "UATE_1394DV";
        /* embedded function terminal types */
        case UATF_UNDEFINED:    return "UATF_UNDEFINED";
        case UATF_CALIBNOISE:   return "UATF_CALIBNOISE";
        case UATF_EQUNOISE:     return "UATF_EQUNOISE";
        case UATF_CDPLAYER:     return "UATF_CDPLAYER";
        case UATF_DAT:  return "UATF_DAT";
        case UATF_DCC:  return "UATF_DCC";
        case UATF_MINIDISK:     return "UATF_MINIDISK";
        case UATF_ANALOGTAPE:   return "UATF_ANALOGTAPE";
        case UATF_PHONOGRAPH:   return "UATF_PHONOGRAPH";
        case UATF_VCRAUDIO:     return "UATF_VCRAUDIO";
        case UATF_VIDEODISCAUDIO:       return "UATF_VIDEODISCAUDIO";
        case UATF_DVDAUDIO:     return "UATF_DVDAUDIO";
        case UATF_TVTUNERAUDIO: return "UATF_TVTUNERAUDIO";
        case UATF_SATELLITE:    return "UATF_SATELLITE";
        case UATF_CABLETUNER:   return "UATF_CABLETUNER";
        case UATF_DSS:  return "UATF_DSS";
        case UATF_RADIORECV:    return "UATF_RADIORECV";
        case UATF_RADIOXMIT:    return "UATF_RADIOXMIT";
        case UATF_MULTITRACK:   return "UATF_MULTITRACK";
        case UATF_SYNTHESIZER:  return "UATF_SYNTHESIZER";
        default:
                snprintf(tbuf, sizeof(tbuf), "unknown type (%#.4x)", terminal_type);
                return tbuf;
        }
}
#endif

Static int
uaudio_determine_class(const struct io_terminal *iot, struct mixerctl *mix)
{
        int terminal_type;

        if (iot == NULL || iot->output == NULL) {
                mix->class = UAC_OUTPUT;
                return 0;
        }
        terminal_type = 0;
        if (iot->output->size == 1)
                terminal_type = iot->output->terminals[0];
        /*
         * If the only output terminal is USB,
         * the class is UAC_RECORD.
         */
        if ((terminal_type & 0xff00) == (UAT_UNDEFINED & 0xff00)) {
                mix->class = UAC_RECORD;
                if (iot->inputs_size == 1
                    && iot->inputs[0] != NULL
                    && iot->inputs[0]->size == 1)
                        return iot->inputs[0]->terminals[0];
                else
                        return 0;
        }
        /*
         * If the ultimate destination of the unit is just one output
         * terminal and the unit is connected to the output terminal
         * directly, the class is UAC_OUTPUT.
         */
        if (terminal_type != 0 && iot->direct) {
                mix->class = UAC_OUTPUT;
                return terminal_type;
        }
        /*
         * If the unit is connected to just one input terminal,
         * the class is UAC_INPUT.
         */
        if (iot->inputs_size == 1 && iot->inputs[0] != NULL
            && iot->inputs[0]->size == 1) {
                mix->class = UAC_INPUT;
                return iot->inputs[0]->terminals[0];
        }
        /*
         * Otherwise, the class is UAC_OUTPUT.
         */
        mix->class = UAC_OUTPUT;
        return terminal_type;
}

Static const char *
uaudio_feature_name(const struct io_terminal *iot,
    uint8_t class, int terminal_type)
{

        if (class == UAC_RECORD && terminal_type == 0)
                return AudioNmixerout;

        DPRINTF("terminal_type=%s\n", uaudio_get_terminal_name(terminal_type));
        switch (terminal_type) {
        case UAT_STREAM:
                return AudioNdac;

        case UATI_MICROPHONE:
        case UATI_DESKMICROPHONE:
        case UATI_PERSONALMICROPHONE:
        case UATI_OMNIMICROPHONE:
        case UATI_MICROPHONEARRAY:
        case UATI_PROCMICROPHONEARR:
                return AudioNmicrophone;

        case UATO_SPEAKER:
        case UATO_DESKTOPSPEAKER:
        case UATO_ROOMSPEAKER:
        case UATO_COMMSPEAKER:
                return AudioNspeaker;

        case UATO_HEADPHONES:
                return AudioNheadphone;

        case UATO_SUBWOOFER:
                return AudioNlfe;

        /* telephony terminal types */
        case UATT_UNDEFINED:
        case UATT_PHONELINE:
        case UATT_TELEPHONE:
        case UATT_DOWNLINEPHONE:
                return "phone";

        case UATE_ANALOGCONN:
        case UATE_LINECONN:
        case UATE_LEGACYCONN:
                return AudioNline;

        case UATE_DIGITALAUIFC:
        case UATE_SPDIF:
        case UATE_1394DA:
        case UATE_1394DV:
                return AudioNaux;

        case UATF_CDPLAYER:
                return AudioNcd;

        case UATF_SYNTHESIZER:
                return AudioNfmsynth;

        case UATF_VIDEODISCAUDIO:
        case UATF_DVDAUDIO:
        case UATF_TVTUNERAUDIO:
                return AudioNvideo;

        case UAT_UNDEFINED:
        case UAT_VENDOR:
        case UATI_UNDEFINED:
/* output terminal types */
        case UATO_UNDEFINED:
        case UATO_DISPLAYAUDIO:
/* bidir terminal types */
        case UATB_UNDEFINED:
        case UATB_HANDSET:
        case UATB_HEADSET:
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONE:
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONEESUP:
        case UATB_SPEAKERPHONEECANC:
/* external terminal types */
        case UATE_UNDEFINED:
/* embedded function terminal types */
        case UATF_UNDEFINED:
        case UATF_CALIBNOISE:
        case UATF_EQUNOISE:
        case UATF_DAT:
        case UATF_DCC:
        case UATF_MINIDISK:
        case UATF_ANALOGTAPE:
        case UATF_PHONOGRAPH:
        case UATF_VCRAUDIO:
        case UATF_SATELLITE:
        case UATF_CABLETUNER:
        case UATF_DSS:
        case UATF_RADIORECV:
        case UATF_RADIOXMIT:
        case UATF_MULTITRACK:
        case 0xffff:
        default:
                DPRINTF("'master' for %#.4x\n", terminal_type);
                return AudioNmaster;
        }
        return AudioNmaster;
}

static void
uaudio_add_feature_mixer(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot,
    int unit, int ctl, struct mixerctl *mc)
{
        const char *mixername, *attr = NULL;
        int terminal_type;

        mc->wIndex = MAKE(unit, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        terminal_type = uaudio_determine_class(iot, mc);
        mixername = uaudio_feature_name(iot, mc->class, terminal_type);
        switch (ctl) {
        case MUTE_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = AudioNmute;
                break;
        case VOLUME_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_16;
                mc->ctlunit = AudioNvolume;
                attr = NULL;
                break;
        case BASS_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_8;
                mc->ctlunit = AudioNbass;
                attr = AudioNbass;
                break;
        case MID_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_8;
                mc->ctlunit = AudioNmid;
                attr = AudioNmid;
                break;
        case TREBLE_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_8;
                mc->ctlunit = AudioNtreble;
                attr = AudioNtreble;
                break;
        case GRAPHIC_EQUALIZER_CONTROL:
                return; /* XXX don't add anything */
                break;
        case AGC_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = AudioNagc;
                break;
        case DELAY_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_UNSIGNED_16;
                mc->ctlunit = "4 ms";
                attr = AudioNdelay;
                break;
        case BASS_BOOST_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = AudioNbassboost;
                break;
        case LOUDNESS_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = AudioNloudness;
                break;
        case GAIN_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_16;
                mc->ctlunit = "gain";
                attr = "gain";;
                break;
        case GAINPAD_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_SIGNED_16;
                mc->ctlunit = "gainpad";
                attr = "gainpad";;
                break;
        case PHASEINV_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = "phaseinv";;
                break;
        case UNDERFLOW_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = "underflow";;
                break;
        case OVERFLOW_CONTROL:
                mc->type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mc->ctlunit = "";
                attr = "overflow";;
                break;
        default:
                return; /* XXX don't add anything */
                break;
        }

        if (attr != NULL) {
                snprintf(mc->ctlname, sizeof(mc->ctlname),
                    "%s.%s", mixername, attr);
        } else {
                snprintf(mc->ctlname, sizeof(mc->ctlname),
                    "%s", mixername);
        }

        uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, mc);
}

Static void
uaudio_add_feature(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const union usb_audio_feature_unit *d;
        const uByte *ctls;
        const uDWord *ctls2;
        int ctlsize;
        int nchan;
        u_int fumask, mmask, cmask;
        struct mixerctl mix;
        int chan, ctl, i, unit;

        d = iot[id].d.fu;

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:

#define GETV1(i) (ctls[(i)*ctlsize] | \
                (ctlsize > 1 ? ctls[(i)*ctlsize+1] << 8 : 0))

                ctls = d->v1.bmaControls;
                ctlsize = d->v1.bControlSize;
                if (ctlsize == 0) {
                        DPRINTF("ignoring feature %d with controlSize of zero\n", id);
                        return;
                }

                /* offsetof bmaControls + sizeof iFeature == 7 */
                nchan = (d->v1.bLength - 7) / ctlsize;
                mmask = GETV1(0);
                /* Figure out what we can control */
                for (cmask = 0, chan = 1; chan < nchan; chan++) {
                        DPRINTFN(9,"chan=%d mask=%x\n",
                                    chan, GETV1(chan));
                        cmask |= GETV1(chan);
                }

                DPRINTFN(1,"bUnitId=%d, "
                            "%d channels, mmask=0x%04x, cmask=0x%04x\n",
                            d->v1.bUnitId, nchan, mmask, cmask);

                if (nchan > MIX_MAX_CHAN)
                        nchan = MIX_MAX_CHAN;
                unit = d->v1.bUnitId;

                for (ctl = MUTE_CONTROL; ctl <= LOUDNESS_CONTROL; ctl++) {
                        fumask = FU_MASK(ctl);
                        DPRINTFN(4,"ctl=%d fumask=0x%04x\n",
                                    ctl, fumask);
                        if (mmask & fumask) {
                                mix.nchan = 1;
                                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(ctl, 0);
                        } else if (cmask & fumask) {
                                mix.nchan = nchan - 1;
                                for (i = 1; i < nchan; i++) {
                                        if (GETV1(i) & fumask)
                                                mix.wValue[i-1] = MAKE(ctl, i);
                                        else
                                                mix.wValue[i-1] = -1;
                                }
                        } else {
                                continue;
                        }

                        uaudio_add_feature_mixer(sc, &iot[id], unit, ctl, &mix);
                }
#undef GETV1
                break;

        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:

#define GETV2(i) UGETDW(ctls2[(i)])

                ctls2 = d->v2.bmaControls;

                /* offsetof bmaControls + sizeof iFeature == 6 */
                nchan = (d->v2.bLength - 6) / 4;
                if (nchan <= 0) {
                        DPRINTF("ignoring feature %d with no controls\n", id);
                        return;
                }

                mmask = GETV2(0);
                /* Figure out what we can control */
                for (cmask = 0, chan = 1; chan < nchan; chan++) {
                        DPRINTFN(9,"chan=%d mask=%x\n",
                                    chan, GETV2(chan));
                        cmask |= GETV2(chan);
                }

                DPRINTFN(1,"bUnitId=%d, "
                            "%d channels, mmask=0x%04x, cmask=0x%04x\n",
                            d->v2.bUnitId, nchan, mmask, cmask);

                if (nchan > MIX_MAX_CHAN)
                        nchan = MIX_MAX_CHAN;
                unit = d->v2.bUnitId;

                for (ctl = MUTE_CONTROL; ctl <= OVERFLOW_CONTROL; ctl++) {
                        fumask = V2_FU_MASK(ctl);
                        DPRINTFN(4,"ctl=%d fumask=0x%08x\n",
                                    ctl, fumask);

                        if (mmask & fumask) {
                                mix.nchan = 1;
                                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(ctl, 0);
                        } else if (cmask & fumask) {
                                mix.nchan = nchan-1;
                                for (i = 1; i < nchan; ++i) {
                                        if (GETV2(i) & fumask)
                                                mix.wValue[i-1] = MAKE(ctl, i);
                                        else
                                                mix.wValue[i-1] = -1;
                                }
                        } else {
                                continue;
                        }

                        uaudio_add_feature_mixer(sc, &iot[id], unit, ctl, &mix);
                }

#undef GETV2
                break;
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_add_processing_updown(struct uaudio_softc *sc,
                             const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_processing_unit *d;
        const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_1 *d1;
        const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_updown *ud;
        struct mixerctl mix;
        int i;

        d = iot[id].d.pu;
        d1 = (const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_1 *)
            &d->baSourceId[d->bNrInPins];
        ud = (const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_updown *)
            &d1->bmControls[d1->bControlSize];
        DPRINTFN(2,"bUnitId=%d bNrModes=%d\n",
                    d->bUnitId, ud->bNrModes);

        if (!(d1->bmControls[0] & UA_PROC_MASK(UD_MODE_SELECT_CONTROL))) {
                DPRINTF("%s", "no mode select\n");
                return;
        }

        mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bUnitId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        mix.nchan = 1;
        mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(UD_MODE_SELECT_CONTROL, 0);
        uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
        mix.type = MIX_ON_OFF;  /* XXX */
        mix.ctlunit = "";
        snprintf(mix.ctlname, sizeof(mix.ctlname), "pro%d-mode", d->bUnitId);

        for (i = 0; i < ud->bNrModes; i++) {
                DPRINTFN(2,"i=%d bm=%#x\n",
                            i, UGETW(ud->waModes[i]));
                /* XXX */
        }
        uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
}

Static void
uaudio_add_processing(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_processing_unit *d;
        const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_1 *d1;
        int ptype;
        struct mixerctl mix;

        d = iot[id].d.pu;
        d1 = (const struct usb_audio_processing_unit_1 *)
            &d->baSourceId[d->bNrInPins];
        ptype = UGETW(d->wProcessType);
        DPRINTFN(2,"wProcessType=%d bUnitId=%d "
                    "bNrInPins=%d\n", ptype, d->bUnitId, d->bNrInPins);

        if (d1->bmControls[0] & UA_PROC_ENABLE_MASK) {
                mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bUnitId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
                mix.nchan = 1;
                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(XX_ENABLE_CONTROL, 0);
                uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
                mix.type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mix.ctlunit = "";
                snprintf(mix.ctlname, sizeof(mix.ctlname), "pro%d.%d-enable",
                    d->bUnitId, ptype);
                uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
        }

        switch(ptype) {
        case UPDOWNMIX_PROCESS:
                uaudio_add_processing_updown(sc, iot, id);
                break;
        case DOLBY_PROLOGIC_PROCESS:
        case P3D_STEREO_EXTENDER_PROCESS:
        case REVERBATION_PROCESS:
        case CHORUS_PROCESS:
        case DYN_RANGE_COMP_PROCESS:
        default:
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
                aprint_debug(
                    "uaudio_add_processing: unit %d, type=%d not impl.\n",
                    d->bUnitId, ptype);
#endif
                break;
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_add_effect(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        aprint_debug("uaudio_add_effect: not impl.\n");
#endif
}

Static void
uaudio_add_extension(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_extension_unit *d;
        const struct usb_audio_extension_unit_1 *d1;
        struct mixerctl mix;

        d = iot[id].d.eu;
        d1 = (const struct usb_audio_extension_unit_1 *)
            &d->baSourceId[d->bNrInPins];
        DPRINTFN(2,"bUnitId=%d bNrInPins=%d\n",
                    d->bUnitId, d->bNrInPins);

        if (usbd_get_quirks(sc->sc_udev)->uq_flags & UQ_AU_NO_XU)
                return;

        if (d1->bmControls[0] & UA_EXT_ENABLE_MASK) {
                mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bUnitId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
                mix.nchan = 1;
                mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(UA_EXT_ENABLE, 0);
                uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
                mix.type = MIX_ON_OFF;
                mix.ctlunit = "";
                snprintf(mix.ctlname, sizeof(mix.ctlname), "ext%d-enable",
                    d->bUnitId);
                uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_add_clksrc(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_clksrc_unit *d;
        struct mixerctl mix;

        d = iot[id].d.cu;
        DPRINTFN(2,"bClockId=%d bmAttributes=%d bmControls=%d bAssocTerminal=%d iClockSource=%d\n",
                    d->bClockId, d->bmAttributes, d->bmControls, d->bAssocTerminal, d->iClockSource);
        mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bClockId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
        mix.nchan = 1;
        mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(V2_CUR_CLKFREQ, 0);
        mix.type = MIX_UNSIGNED_32;
        mix.ctlunit = "";

        uaudio_makename(sc, d->iClockSource, uaudio_clockname(d->bmAttributes),
            d->bClockId, mix.ctlname, sizeof(mix.ctlname));
        uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
}

Static void
uaudio_add_clksel(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        const struct usb_audio_clksel_unit *d;
        struct mixerctl mix;
        int i, wp;
        uByte sel;

        d = iot[id].d.lu;
        sel = ((const uByte *)&d->baCSourceId[d->bNrInPins])[2]; /* iClockSelector */
        DPRINTFN(2,"bClockId=%d bNrInPins=%d iClockSelector=%d\n",
                    d->bClockId, d->bNrInPins, sel);
        mix.wIndex = MAKE(d->bClockId, sc->sc_ac_iface);
        uaudio_determine_class(&iot[id], &mix);
        mix.nchan = 1;
        mix.wValue[0] = MAKE(V2_CUR_CLKSEL, 0);
        mix.type = MIX_SELECTOR;
        mix.ctlunit = "";
        mix.range0.minval = 1;
        mix.range0.maxval = d->bNrInPins;
        mix.range0.resval = 1;
        mix.mul = mix.range0.maxval - mix.range0.minval;
        wp = uaudio_makename(sc, sel, "clksel", d->bClockId, mix.ctlname, MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN);
        for (i = 1; i <= d->bNrInPins; i++) {
                wp += snprintf(mix.ctlname + wp, MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN - wp,
                               "%si%d", i == 1 ? "-" : "", d->baCSourceId[i - 1]);
                if (wp > MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN - 1)
                        break;
        }
        uaudio_mixer_add_ctl(sc, &mix);
}

Static struct terminal_list*
uaudio_merge_terminal_list(const struct io_terminal *iot)
{
        struct terminal_list *tml;
        uint16_t *ptm;
        int i, len;

        len = 0;
        if (iot->inputs == NULL)
                return NULL;
        for (i = 0; i < iot->inputs_size; i++) {
                if (iot->inputs[i] != NULL)
                        len += iot->inputs[i]->size;
        }
        tml = malloc(TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(len), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
        if (tml == NULL) {
                aprint_error("uaudio_merge_terminal_list: no memory\n");
                return NULL;
        }
        tml->size = 0;
        ptm = tml->terminals;
        for (i = 0; i < iot->inputs_size; i++) {
                if (iot->inputs[i] == NULL)
                        continue;
                if (iot->inputs[i]->size > len)
                        break;
                memcpy(ptm, iot->inputs[i]->terminals,
                       iot->inputs[i]->size * sizeof(uint16_t));
                tml->size += iot->inputs[i]->size;
                ptm += iot->inputs[i]->size;
                len -= iot->inputs[i]->size;
        }
        return tml;
}

Static struct terminal_list *
uaudio_io_terminaltype(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int outtype, struct io_terminal *iot, int id)
{
        struct terminal_list *tml;
        struct io_terminal *it;
        int src_id, i;

        it = &iot[id];
        if (it->output != NULL) {
                /* already has outtype? */
                for (i = 0; i < it->output->size; i++)
                        if (it->output->terminals[i] == outtype)
                                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
                tml = malloc(TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(it->output->size + 1),
                             M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (tml == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
                }
                memcpy(tml, it->output, TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(it->output->size));
                tml->terminals[it->output->size] = outtype;
                tml->size++;
                free(it->output, M_TEMP);
                it->output = tml;
                if (it->inputs != NULL) {
                        for (i = 0; i < it->inputs_size; i++)
                                if (it->inputs[i] != NULL)
                                        free(it->inputs[i], M_TEMP);
                        free(it->inputs, M_TEMP);
                }
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = NULL;
        } else {                /* end `iot[id] != NULL' */
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = NULL;
                it->output = malloc(TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(1), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->output == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                it->output->terminals[0] = outtype;
                it->output->size = 1;
                it->direct = FALSE;
        }

        switch (it->d.desc->bDescriptorSubtype) {
        case UDESCSUB_AC_INPUT:
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                tml = malloc(TERMINAL_LIST_SIZE(1), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (tml == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        free(it->inputs, M_TEMP);
                        it->inputs = NULL;
                        return NULL;
                }
                it->inputs[0] = tml;
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        tml->terminals[0] = UGETW(it->d.it->v1.wTerminalType);
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        tml->terminals[0] = UGETW(it->d.it->v2.wTerminalType);
                        break;
                default:
                        free(tml, M_TEMP);
                        free(it->inputs, M_TEMP);
                        it->inputs = NULL;
                        return NULL;
                }
                tml->size = 1;
                it->inputs_size = 1;
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_FEATURE:
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        src_id = it->d.fu->v1.bSourceId;
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        src_id = it->d.fu->v2.bSourceId;
                        break;
                default:
                        /* cannot happen */
                        return NULL;
                }
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot, src_id);
                }
                it->inputs[0] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot, src_id);
                it->inputs_size = 1;
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT:
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        src_id = it->d.ot->v1.bSourceId;
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        src_id = it->d.ot->v2.bSourceId;
                        break;
                default:
                        free(it->inputs, M_TEMP);
                        it->inputs = NULL;
                        return NULL;
                }
                it->inputs[0] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot, src_id);
                it->inputs_size = 1;
                iot[src_id].direct = TRUE;
                return NULL;
        case UDESCSUB_AC_MIXER:
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *)
                                    * it->d.mu->bNrInPins, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < it->d.mu->bNrInPins; i++) {
                        src_id = it->d.mu->baSourceId[i];
                        it->inputs[i] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot,
                                                               src_id);
                        it->inputs_size++;
                }
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_SELECTOR:
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *)
                                    * it->d.su->bNrInPins, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < it->d.su->bNrInPins; i++) {
                        src_id = it->d.su->baSourceId[i];
                        it->inputs[i] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot,
                                                               src_id);
                        it->inputs_size++;
                }
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_PROCESSING:
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *)
                                    * it->d.pu->bNrInPins, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < it->d.pu->bNrInPins; i++) {
                        src_id = it->d.pu->baSourceId[i];
                        it->inputs[i] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot,
                                                               src_id);
                        it->inputs_size++;
                }
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_EXTENSION:
                it->inputs_size = 0;
                it->inputs = malloc(sizeof(struct terminal_list *)
                                    * it->d.eu->bNrInPins, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
                if (it->inputs == NULL) {
                        aprint_error("uaudio_io_terminaltype: no memory\n");
                        return NULL;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < it->d.eu->bNrInPins; i++) {
                        src_id = it->d.eu->baSourceId[i];
                        it->inputs[i] = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, outtype, iot,
                                                               src_id);
                        it->inputs_size++;
                }
                return uaudio_merge_terminal_list(it);
        case UDESCSUB_AC_HEADER:
        default:
                return NULL;
        }
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_identify(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const usb_config_descriptor_t *cdesc)
{
        usbd_status err;

        err = uaudio_identify_ac(sc, cdesc);
        if (err)
                return err;
        err = uaudio_identify_as(sc, cdesc);
        if (err)
                return err;

        uaudio_build_formats(sc);
        return 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_add_alt(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const struct as_info *ai)
{
        size_t len;
        struct as_info *nai;

        len = sizeof(*ai) * (sc->sc_nalts + 1);
        nai = kmem_alloc(len, KM_SLEEP);
        /* Copy old data, if there was any */
        if (sc->sc_nalts != 0) {
                memcpy(nai, sc->sc_alts, sizeof(*ai) * (sc->sc_nalts));
                kmem_free(sc->sc_alts, sizeof(*ai) * sc->sc_nalts);
        }
        sc->sc_alts = nai;
        DPRINTFN(2,"adding alt=%d, enc=%d\n",
                    ai->alt, ai->encoding);
        sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_nalts++] = *ai;
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_process_as(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const char *tbuf, int *offsp,
                  int size, const usb_interface_descriptor_t *id)
{
        const union usb_audio_streaming_interface_descriptor *asid;
        const union usb_audio_streaming_type1_descriptor *asf1d;
        const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *ed;
        const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *epdesc1;
        const struct usb_audio_streaming_endpoint_descriptor *sed;
        int format, chan __unused, prec, bps, enc, terminal;
        int dir, type, sync, epcount;
        struct as_info ai;
        const char *format_str __unused;
        const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *desc;

        DPRINTF("offset = %d < %d\n", *offsp, size);

        epcount = 0;
        asid = NULL;
        asf1d = NULL;
        ed = NULL;
        epdesc1 = NULL;
        sed = NULL;

        while (*offsp < size) {
                desc = (const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *)(tbuf + *offsp);
                if (*offsp + desc->bLength > size)
                        return USBD_INVAL;

                switch (desc->bDescriptorType) {
                case UDESC_CS_INTERFACE:
                        switch (desc->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                        case AS_GENERAL:
                                if (asid != NULL)
                                        goto ignore;
                                asid = (const union usb_audio_streaming_interface_descriptor *) desc;
                                DPRINTF("asid: bTerminalLink=%d wFormatTag=%d bmFormats=0x%x bLength=%d\n",
                                         asid->v1.bTerminalLink, UGETW(asid->v1.wFormatTag),
                                        UGETDW(asid->v2.bmFormats), asid->v1.bLength);
                                break;
                        case FORMAT_TYPE:
                                if (asf1d != NULL)
                                        goto ignore;
                                asf1d = (const union usb_audio_streaming_type1_descriptor *) desc;
                                DPRINTF("asf1d: bDescriptorType=%d bDescriptorSubtype=%d\n",
                                         asf1d->v1.bDescriptorType, asf1d->v1.bDescriptorSubtype);
                                if (asf1d->v1.bFormatType != FORMAT_TYPE_I) {
                                        aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                                            "ignored setting with type %d format\n", asf1d->v1.bFormatType);
                                        return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
                                }
                                break;
                        default:
                                goto ignore;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESC_ENDPOINT:
                        epcount++;
                        if (epcount > id->bNumEndpoints)
                                goto ignore;
                        switch (epcount) {
                        case 1:
                                ed = (const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *) desc;
                                DPRINTF("endpoint[0] bLength=%d bDescriptorType=%d "
                                         "bEndpointAddress=%d bmAttributes=%#x wMaxPacketSize=%d "
                                         "bInterval=%d bRefresh=%d bSynchAddress=%d\n",
                                         ed->bLength, ed->bDescriptorType, ed->bEndpointAddress,
                                         ed->bmAttributes, UGETW(ed->wMaxPacketSize),
                                         ed->bInterval,
                                         ed->bLength > 7 ? ed->bRefresh : 0,
                                         ed->bLength > 8 ? ed->bSynchAddress : 0);
                                if (UE_GET_XFERTYPE(ed->bmAttributes) != UE_ISOCHRONOUS)
                                        return USBD_INVAL;
                                break;
                        case 2:
                                epdesc1 = (const usb_endpoint_descriptor_audio_t *) desc;
                                DPRINTF("endpoint[1] bLength=%d "
                                         "bDescriptorType=%d bEndpointAddress=%d "
                                         "bmAttributes=%#x wMaxPacketSize=%d bInterval=%d "
                                         "bRefresh=%d bSynchAddress=%d\n",
                                         epdesc1->bLength, epdesc1->bDescriptorType,
                                         epdesc1->bEndpointAddress, epdesc1->bmAttributes,
                                         UGETW(epdesc1->wMaxPacketSize), epdesc1->bInterval,
                                         epdesc1->bLength > 7 ? epdesc1->bRefresh : 0,
                                         epdesc1->bLength > 8 ? epdesc1->bSynchAddress : 0);
#if 0
                                if (epdesc1->bLength > 8 && epdesc1->bSynchAddress != 0) {
                                        aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                                            "invalid endpoint: bSynchAddress=0\n");
                                        return USBD_INVAL;
                                }
#endif
                                if (UE_GET_XFERTYPE(epdesc1->bmAttributes) != UE_ISOCHRONOUS) {
                                        aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                                            "invalid endpoint: bmAttributes=%#x\n",
                                             epdesc1->bmAttributes);
                                        return USBD_INVAL;
                                }
#if 0
                                if (ed->bLength > 8 && epdesc1->bEndpointAddress != ed->bSynchAddress) {
                                        aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                                            "invalid endpoint addresses: "
                                            "ep[0]->bSynchAddress=%#x "
                                            "ep[1]->bEndpointAddress=%#x\n",
                                            ed->bSynchAddress, epdesc1->bEndpointAddress);
                                        return USBD_INVAL;
                                }
#endif
                                /* UE_GET_ADDR(epdesc1->bEndpointAddress), and epdesc1->bRefresh */
                                break;
                        default:
                                goto ignore;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESC_CS_ENDPOINT:
                        switch (desc->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                        case AS_GENERAL:
                                if (sed != NULL)
                                        goto ignore;
                                sed = (const struct usb_audio_streaming_endpoint_descriptor *) desc;
                                DPRINTF(" streaming_endpoint: offset=%d bLength=%d\n", *offsp, sed->bLength);
                                break;
                        default:
                                goto ignore;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESC_INTERFACE:
                case UDESC_DEVICE:
                        goto leave;
                default:
ignore:
                        aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                            "ignored descriptor type %d subtype %d\n",
                            desc->bDescriptorType, desc->bDescriptorSubtype);
                        break;
                }

                *offsp += desc->bLength;
        }
leave:

        if (asid == NULL) {
                DPRINTF("%s", "No streaming interface descriptor found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }
        if (asf1d == NULL) {
                DPRINTF("%s", "No format type descriptor found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }
        if (ed == NULL) {
                DPRINTF("%s", "No endpoint descriptor found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }
        if (sed == NULL) {
                DPRINTF("%s", "No streaming endpoint descriptor found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }

        dir = UE_GET_DIR(ed->bEndpointAddress);
        type = UE_GET_ISO_TYPE(ed->bmAttributes);
        if ((usbd_get_quirks(sc->sc_udev)->uq_flags & UQ_AU_INP_ASYNC) &&
            dir == UE_DIR_IN && type == UE_ISO_ADAPT)
                type = UE_ISO_ASYNC;
        /* We can't handle endpoints that need a sync pipe yet. */
        sync = FALSE;
        if (dir == UE_DIR_IN && type == UE_ISO_ADAPT) {
                sync = TRUE;
#ifndef UAUDIO_MULTIPLE_ENDPOINTS
                aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "ignored input endpoint of type adaptive\n");
                return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
#endif
        }
        if (dir != UE_DIR_IN && type == UE_ISO_ASYNC) {
                sync = TRUE;
#ifndef UAUDIO_MULTIPLE_ENDPOINTS
                aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "ignored output endpoint of type async\n");
                return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
#endif
        }
#ifdef UAUDIO_MULTIPLE_ENDPOINTS
        if (sync && id->bNumEndpoints <= 1) {
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "a sync-pipe endpoint but no other endpoint\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }
#endif
        if (!sync && id->bNumEndpoints > 1) {
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "non sync-pipe endpoint but multiple endpoints\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                format = UGETW(asid->v1.wFormatTag);
                chan = asf1d->v1.bNrChannels;
                prec = asf1d->v1.bBitResolution;
                bps = asf1d->v1.bSubFrameSize;
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                format = UGETDW(asid->v2.bmFormats);
                chan = asid->v2.bNrChannels;
                prec = asf1d->v2.bBitResolution;
                bps = asf1d->v2.bSubslotSize;
                break;
        default:
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "Unknown audio class %d\n", sc->sc_version);
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }
        if ((prec != 8 && prec != 16 && prec != 24 && prec != 32) || (bps < 1 || bps > 4)) {
                aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "ignored setting with precision %d bps %d\n", prec, bps);
                return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
        }
        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_NONE;
        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                terminal = 0;
                switch (format) {
                case UA_FMT_PCM:
                        if (prec == 8) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_8;
                        } else if (prec == 16) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_16;
                        } else if (prec == 24) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_24;
                        } else if (prec == 32) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_32;
                        }
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_SLINEAR_LE;
                        format_str = "pcm";
                        break;
                case UA_FMT_PCM8:
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ULINEAR_LE;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_8U;
                        format_str = "pcm8";
                        break;
                case UA_FMT_ALAW:
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ALAW;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_ALAW;
                        format_str = "alaw";
                        break;
                case UA_FMT_MULAW:
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ULAW;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_MULAW;
                        format_str = "mulaw";
                        break;
#ifdef notyet
                case UA_FMT_IEEE_FLOAT:
                        break;
#endif
                }
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                terminal = asid->v2.bTerminalLink;
                if (format & UA_V2_FMT_PCM) {
                        if (prec == 8) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_8;
                        } else if (prec == 16) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_16;
                        } else if (prec == 24) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_24;
                        } else if (prec == 32) {
                                sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_32;
                        }
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_SLINEAR_LE;
                        format_str = "pcm";
                } else if (format & UA_V2_FMT_PCM8) {
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ULINEAR_LE;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_8U;
                        format_str = "pcm8";
                } else if (format & UA_V2_FMT_ALAW) {
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ALAW;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_ALAW;
                        format_str = "alaw";
                } else if (format & UA_V2_FMT_MULAW) {
                        enc = AUDIO_ENCODING_ULAW;
                        sc->sc_altflags |= HAS_MULAW;
                        format_str = "mulaw";
#ifdef notyet
                } else if (format & UA_V2_FMT_IEEE_FLOAT) {
#endif
                }
                break;
        }
        if (enc == AUDIO_ENCODING_NONE) {
                aprint_normal_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                    "ignored setting with format 0x%08x\n", format);
                return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
        }
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        aprint_debug_dev(sc->sc_dev, "%s: %dch, %d/%dbit, %s,",
               dir == UE_DIR_IN ? "recording" : "playback",
               chan, prec, bps * 8, format_str);
        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                if (asf1d->v1.bSamFreqType == UA_SAMP_CONTINUOUS) {
                        aprint_debug(" %d-%dHz\n", UA_SAMP_LO(&asf1d->v1),
                            UA_SAMP_HI(&asf1d->v1));
                } else {
                        int r;
                        aprint_debug(" %d", UA_GETSAMP(&asf1d->v1, 0));
                        for (r = 1; r < asf1d->v1.bSamFreqType; r++)
                                aprint_debug(",%d", UA_GETSAMP(&asf1d->v1, r));
                        aprint_debug("Hz\n");
                }
                break;
        /* UAUDIO_VERSION2 has no frequency information in the format */
        }
#endif
        ai.alt = id->bAlternateSetting;
        ai.encoding = enc;
        ai.attributes = sed->bmAttributes;
        ai.idesc = id;
        ai.edesc = ed;
        ai.edesc1 = epdesc1;
        ai.asf1desc = asf1d;
        ai.sc_busy = 0;
        ai.nchan = chan;
        ai.aformat = NULL;
        ai.ifaceh = NULL;
        ai.terminal = terminal;
        uaudio_add_alt(sc, &ai);
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (ai.attributes & UA_SED_FREQ_CONTROL)
                DPRINTFN(1, "%s", "FREQ_CONTROL\n");
        if (ai.attributes & UA_SED_PITCH_CONTROL)
                DPRINTFN(1, "%s", "PITCH_CONTROL\n");
#endif
        sc->sc_mode |= (dir == UE_DIR_OUT) ? AUMODE_PLAY : AUMODE_RECORD;

        return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_identify_as(struct uaudio_softc *sc,
                   const usb_config_descriptor_t *cdesc)
{
        const usb_interface_descriptor_t *id;
        const char *tbuf;
        int size, offs;

        size = UGETW(cdesc->wTotalLength);
        tbuf = (const char *)cdesc;

        /* Locate the AudioStreaming interface descriptor. */
        offs = 0;
        id = uaudio_find_iface(tbuf, size, &offs, UISUBCLASS_AUDIOSTREAM);
        if (id == NULL)
                return USBD_INVAL;

        /* Loop through all the alternate settings. */
        while (offs <= size) {
                DPRINTFN(2, "interface=%d offset=%d\n",
                    id->bInterfaceNumber, offs);
                switch (id->bNumEndpoints) {
                case 0:
                        DPRINTFN(2, "AS null alt=%d\n",
                                     id->bAlternateSetting);
                        sc->sc_nullalt = id->bAlternateSetting;
                        break;
                case 1:
#ifdef UAUDIO_MULTIPLE_ENDPOINTS
                case 2:
#endif
                        uaudio_process_as(sc, tbuf, &offs, size, id);
                        break;
                default:
                        aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev,
                            "ignored audio interface with %d endpoints\n",
                             id->bNumEndpoints);
                        break;
                }
                id = uaudio_find_iface(tbuf, size, &offs, UISUBCLASS_AUDIOSTREAM);
                if (id == NULL)
                        break;
        }
        if (offs > size)
                return USBD_INVAL;
        DPRINTF("%d alts available\n", sc->sc_nalts);

        if (sc->sc_mode == 0) {
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev, "no usable endpoint found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }

        if (sc->sc_nalts == 0) {
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev, "no audio formats found\n");
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }

        return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
}


Static u_int
uaudio_get_rates(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int mode, u_int *freqs, u_int len)
{
        struct mixerctl *mc;
        u_int freq, start, end, step;
        u_int i, n;
        u_int k, count;
        int j;

        /*
         * With UAC2 the sample rate isn't part of the data format,
         * instead, you have separate clock sources that may be
         * assigned to individual terminals (inputs, outputs).
         *
         * For audio(4) we only distinguish between input and output
         * formats and collect the unique rates from all possible clock
         * sources.
         */
        n = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < sc->sc_nratectls; ++j) {

                /*
                 * skip rates not associated with a terminal
                 * of the required mode (record/play)
                 */
                if ((sc->sc_ratemode[j] & mode) == 0)
                        continue;

                mc = &sc->sc_ctls[sc->sc_ratectls[j]];
                count = mc->nranges ? mc->nranges : 1;
                for (k = 0; k < count; ++k) {
                        start = (u_int) mc->ranges[k].minval;
                        end   = (u_int) mc->ranges[k].maxval;
                        step  = (u_int) mc->ranges[k].resval;
                        for (freq = start; freq <= end; freq += step) {
                                /* remove duplicates */
                                for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
                                        if (freqs[i] == freq)
                                                break;
                                }
                                if (i < n) {
                                        if (step == 0)
                                                break;
                                        continue;
                                }

                                /* store or count */
                                if (len != 0) {
                                        if (n >= len)
                                                goto done;
                                        freqs[n] = freq;
                                }
                                ++n;
                                if (step == 0)
                                        break;
                        }
                }
        }

done:
        return n;
}

Static void
uaudio_build_formats(struct uaudio_softc *sc)
{
        struct audio_format *auf;
        const struct as_info *as;
        const union usb_audio_streaming_type1_descriptor *t1desc;
        int i, j;

        /* build audio_format array */
        sc->sc_formats = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(struct audio_format) * sc->sc_nalts,
            KM_SLEEP);
        sc->sc_nformats = sc->sc_nalts;

        for (i = 0; i < sc->sc_nalts; i++) {
                auf = &sc->sc_formats[i];
                as = &sc->sc_alts[i];
                t1desc = as->asf1desc;
                if (UE_GET_DIR(as->edesc->bEndpointAddress) == UE_DIR_OUT)
                        auf->mode = AUMODE_PLAY;
                else
                        auf->mode = AUMODE_RECORD;
                auf->encoding = as->encoding;
                auf->channel_mask = sc->sc_channel_config;

                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        auf->validbits = t1desc->v1.bBitResolution;
                        auf->precision = t1desc->v1.bSubFrameSize * 8;
                        auf->channels = t1desc->v1.bNrChannels;

                        auf->frequency_type = t1desc->v1.bSamFreqType;
                        if (t1desc->v1.bSamFreqType == UA_SAMP_CONTINUOUS) {
                                auf->frequency[0] = UA_SAMP_LO(&t1desc->v1);
                                auf->frequency[1] = UA_SAMP_HI(&t1desc->v1);
                        } else {
                                for (j = 0; j  < t1desc->v1.bSamFreqType; j++) {
                                        if (j >= AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES) {
                                                aprint_error("%s: please increase "
                                                       "AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES to %d\n",
                                                       __func__, t1desc->v1.bSamFreqType);
                                                auf->frequency_type =
                                                    AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES;
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        auf->frequency[j] = UA_GETSAMP(&t1desc->v1, j);
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        auf->validbits = t1desc->v2.bBitResolution;
                        auf->precision = t1desc->v2.bSubslotSize * 8;
                        auf->channels = as->nchan;

#if 0
                        auf->frequency_type = uaudio_get_rates(sc, auf->mode, NULL, 0);
                        if (auf->frequency_type >= AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES) {
                                aprint_error("%s: please increase "
                                       "AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES to %d\n",
                                       __func__, auf->frequency_type);
                        }
#endif

                        auf->frequency_type = uaudio_get_rates(sc,
                            auf->mode, auf->frequency, AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES);

                        /*
                         * if rate query failed, guess a rate
                         */
                        if (auf->frequency_type == UA_SAMP_CONTINUOUS) {
                                auf->frequency[0] = 48000;
                                auf->frequency[1] = 48000;
                        }

                        break;
                }

                DPRINTF("alt[%d] = %d/%d %dch %u[%u,%u,...] alt %u\n", i,
                    auf->validbits, auf->precision, auf->channels, auf->frequency_type,
                    auf->frequency[0], auf->frequency[1],
                    as->idesc->bAlternateSetting);

                sc->sc_alts[i].aformat = auf;
        }
}

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
Static void
uaudio_dump_tml(struct terminal_list *tml) {
        if (tml == NULL) {
                printf("NULL");
        } else {
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < tml->size; i++)
                        printf("%s ", uaudio_get_terminal_name
                               (tml->terminals[i]));
        }
        printf("\n");
}
#endif

Static usbd_status
uaudio_identify_ac(struct uaudio_softc *sc, const usb_config_descriptor_t *cdesc)
{
        struct io_terminal* iot;
        const usb_interface_descriptor_t *id;
        const struct usb_audio_control_descriptor *acdp;
        const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *dp;
        const union usb_audio_output_terminal *pot;
        struct terminal_list *tml;
        const char *tbuf, *ibuf, *ibufend;
        int size, offs, ndps, i, j;

        size = UGETW(cdesc->wTotalLength);
        tbuf = (const char *)cdesc;

        /* Locate the AudioControl interface descriptor. */
        offs = 0;
        id = uaudio_find_iface(tbuf, size, &offs, UISUBCLASS_AUDIOCONTROL);
        if (id == NULL)
                return USBD_INVAL;
        if (offs + sizeof(*acdp) > size)
                return USBD_INVAL;
        sc->sc_ac_iface = id->bInterfaceNumber;
        DPRINTFN(2,"AC interface is %d\n", sc->sc_ac_iface);

        /* A class-specific AC interface header should follow. */
        ibuf = tbuf + offs;
        ibufend = tbuf + size;
        acdp = (const struct usb_audio_control_descriptor *)ibuf;
        if (acdp->bDescriptorType != UDESC_CS_INTERFACE ||
            acdp->bDescriptorSubtype != UDESCSUB_AC_HEADER)
                return USBD_INVAL;

        if (!(usbd_get_quirks(sc->sc_udev)->uq_flags & UQ_BAD_ADC)) {
                sc->sc_version = UGETW(acdp->bcdADC);
        } else {
                sc->sc_version = UAUDIO_VERSION1;
        }

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                break;
        default:
                return USBD_INVAL;
        }

        sc->sc_audio_rev = UGETW(acdp->bcdADC);
        DPRINTFN(2, "found AC header, vers=%03x\n", sc->sc_audio_rev);

        sc->sc_nullalt = -1;

        /* Scan through all the AC specific descriptors */
        dp = (const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *)ibuf;
        ndps = 0;
        iot = malloc(sizeof(struct io_terminal) * 256, M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
        if (iot == NULL) {
                aprint_error("%s: no memory\n", __func__);
                return USBD_NOMEM;
        }
        for (;;) {
                ibuf += dp->bLength;
                if (ibuf >= ibufend)
                        break;
                dp = (const uaudio_cs_descriptor_t *)ibuf;
                if (ibuf + dp->bLength > ibufend) {
                        free(iot, M_TEMP);
                        return USBD_INVAL;
                }
                if (dp->bDescriptorType != UDESC_CS_INTERFACE)
                        break;
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        i = ((const union usb_audio_input_terminal *)dp)->v1.bTerminalId;
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        i = ((const union usb_audio_input_terminal *)dp)->v2.bTerminalId;
                        break;
                default:
                        free(iot, M_TEMP);
                        return USBD_INVAL;
                }
                iot[i].d.desc = dp;
                if (i > ndps)
                        ndps = i;
        }
        ndps++;

        /* construct io_terminal */
        for (i = 0; i < ndps; i++) {
                dp = iot[i].d.desc;
                if (dp == NULL)
                        continue;
                if (dp->bDescriptorSubtype != UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT)
                        continue;
                pot = iot[i].d.ot;
                switch (sc->sc_version) {
                case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                        tml = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, UGETW(pot->v1.wTerminalType), iot, i);
                        break;
                case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                        tml = uaudio_io_terminaltype(sc, UGETW(pot->v2.wTerminalType), iot, i);
                        break;
                default:
                        tml = NULL;
                        break;
                }
                if (tml != NULL)
                        free(tml, M_TEMP);
        }

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
                union usb_audio_cluster cluster;

                if (iot[i].d.desc == NULL)
                        continue;
                printf("id %d:\t", i);
                switch (iot[i].d.desc->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                case UDESCSUB_AC_INPUT:
                        printf("AC_INPUT type=%s\n", uaudio_get_terminal_name
                                  (UGETW(iot[i].d.it->v1.wTerminalType)));
                        printf("\t");
                        cluster = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, i, iot);
                        uaudio_dump_cluster(sc, &cluster);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT:
                        printf("AC_OUTPUT type=%s ", uaudio_get_terminal_name
                                  (UGETW(iot[i].d.ot->v1.wTerminalType)));
                        printf("src=%d\n", iot[i].d.ot->v1.bSourceId);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_MIXER:
                        printf("AC_MIXER src=");
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].d.mu->bNrInPins; j++)
                                printf("%d ", iot[i].d.mu->baSourceId[j]);
                        printf("\n\t");
                        cluster = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, i, iot);
                        uaudio_dump_cluster(sc, &cluster);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_SELECTOR:
                        printf("AC_SELECTOR src=");
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].d.su->bNrInPins; j++)
                                printf("%d ", iot[i].d.su->baSourceId[j]);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_FEATURE:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                printf("AC_FEATURE src=%d\n", iot[i].d.fu->v1.bSourceId);
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                printf("AC_FEATURE src=%d\n", iot[i].d.fu->v2.bSourceId);
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_EFFECT:
                        switch (sc->sc_version) {
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                                printf("AC_EFFECT src=%d\n", iot[i].d.fu->v1.bSourceId);
                                break;
                        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                                printf("AC_EFFECT src=%d\n", iot[i].d.fu->v2.bSourceId);
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_PROCESSING:
                        printf("AC_PROCESSING src=");
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].d.pu->bNrInPins; j++)
                                printf("%d ", iot[i].d.pu->baSourceId[j]);
                        printf("\n\t");
                        cluster = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, i, iot);
                        uaudio_dump_cluster(sc, &cluster);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_EXTENSION:
                        printf("AC_EXTENSION src=");
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].d.eu->bNrInPins; j++)
                                printf("%d ", iot[i].d.eu->baSourceId[j]);
                        printf("\n\t");
                        cluster = uaudio_get_cluster(sc, i, iot);
                        uaudio_dump_cluster(sc, &cluster);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKSRC:
                        printf("AC_CLKSRC src=%d\n", iot[i].d.cu->iClockSource);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKSEL:
                        printf("AC_CLKSEL src=");
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].d.su->bNrInPins; j++)
                                printf("%d ", iot[i].d.su->baSourceId[j]);
                        printf("\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKMULT:
                        printf("AC_CLKMULT not supported\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_RATECONV:
                        printf("AC_RATEVONC not supported\n");
                        break;
                default:
                        printf("unknown audio control (subtype=%d)\n",
                                  iot[i].d.desc->bDescriptorSubtype);
                }
                for (j = 0; j < iot[i].inputs_size; j++) {
                        printf("\tinput%d: ", j);
                        uaudio_dump_tml(iot[i].inputs[j]);
                }
                printf("\toutput: ");
                uaudio_dump_tml(iot[i].output);
        }
#endif

        sc->sc_nratectls = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < ndps; i++) {
                dp = iot[i].d.desc;
                if (dp == NULL)
                        continue;
                DPRINTF("id=%d subtype=%d\n", i, dp->bDescriptorSubtype);
                switch (dp->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                case UDESCSUB_AC_HEADER:
                        aprint_error("uaudio_identify_ac: unexpected AC header\n");
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_INPUT:
                        uaudio_add_input(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT:
                        uaudio_add_output(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_MIXER:
                        uaudio_add_mixer(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_SELECTOR:
                        uaudio_add_selector(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_FEATURE:
                        uaudio_add_feature(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_EFFECT:
                        uaudio_add_effect(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_PROCESSING:
                        uaudio_add_processing(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_EXTENSION:
                        uaudio_add_extension(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKSRC:
                        uaudio_add_clksrc(sc, iot, i);
                        /* record ids of clock sources */
                        if (sc->sc_nratectls < AUFMT_MAX_FREQUENCIES)
                                sc->sc_ratectls[sc->sc_nratectls++] = sc->sc_nctls - 1;
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKSEL:
                        uaudio_add_clksel(sc, iot, i);
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_CLKMULT:
                        /* not yet */
                        break;
                case UDESCSUB_AC_RATECONV:
                        /* not yet */
                        break;
                default:
                        aprint_error(
                            "uaudio_identify_ac: bad AC desc subtype=0x%02x\n",
                            dp->bDescriptorSubtype);
                        break;
                }
        }

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                /*
                 * UAC2 has separate rate controls which effectively creates
                 * a set of audio_formats per input and output and their
                 * associated clock sources.
                 *
                 * audio(4) can only handle audio_formats per direction.
                 * - ignore stream terminals
                 * - mark rates for record or play if associated with an input
                 *   or output terminal respectively.
                 */
                for (j = 0; j < sc->sc_nratectls; ++j) {
                        uint16_t wi = sc->sc_ctls[sc->sc_ratectls[j]].wIndex;
                        sc->sc_ratemode[j] = 0;
                        for (i = 0; i < ndps; i++) {
                                dp = iot[i].d.desc;
                                if (dp == NULL)
                                        continue;
                                switch (dp->bDescriptorSubtype) {
                                case UDESCSUB_AC_INPUT:
                                        if (UGETW(iot[i].d.it->v2.wTerminalType) != UAT_STREAM &&
                                            wi == MAKE(iot[i].d.it->v2.bCSourceId, sc->sc_ac_iface)) {
                                                sc->sc_ratemode[j] |= AUMODE_RECORD;
                                        }
                                        break;
                                case UDESCSUB_AC_OUTPUT:
                                        if (UGETW(iot[i].d.it->v2.wTerminalType) != UAT_STREAM &&
                                            wi == MAKE(iot[i].d.ot->v2.bCSourceId, sc->sc_ac_iface)) {
                                                sc->sc_ratemode[j] |= AUMODE_PLAY;
                                        }
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                }
                break;
        }

        /* delete io_terminal */
        for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
                if (iot[i].d.desc == NULL)
                        continue;
                if (iot[i].inputs != NULL) {
                        for (j = 0; j < iot[i].inputs_size; j++) {
                                if (iot[i].inputs[j] != NULL)
                                        free(iot[i].inputs[j], M_TEMP);
                        }
                        free(iot[i].inputs, M_TEMP);
                }
                if (iot[i].output != NULL)
                        free(iot[i].output, M_TEMP);
                iot[i].d.desc = NULL;
        }
        free(iot, M_TEMP);

        return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;
}

Static int
uaudio_query_devinfo(void *addr, mixer_devinfo_t *mi)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct mixerctl *mc;
        int n, nctls, i;

        DPRINTFN(7, "index=%d\n", mi->index);
        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        n = mi->index;
        nctls = sc->sc_nctls;

        switch (n) {
        case UAC_OUTPUT:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_CLASS;
                mi->mixer_class = UAC_OUTPUT;
                mi->next = mi->prev = AUDIO_MIXER_LAST;
                strlcpy(mi->label.name, AudioCoutputs, sizeof(mi->label.name));
                return 0;
        case UAC_INPUT:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_CLASS;
                mi->mixer_class = UAC_INPUT;
                mi->next = mi->prev = AUDIO_MIXER_LAST;
                strlcpy(mi->label.name, AudioCinputs, sizeof(mi->label.name));
                return 0;
        case UAC_EQUAL:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_CLASS;
                mi->mixer_class = UAC_EQUAL;
                mi->next = mi->prev = AUDIO_MIXER_LAST;
                strlcpy(mi->label.name, AudioCequalization,
                    sizeof(mi->label.name));
                return 0;
        case UAC_RECORD:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_CLASS;
                mi->mixer_class = UAC_RECORD;
                mi->next = mi->prev = AUDIO_MIXER_LAST;
                strlcpy(mi->label.name, AudioCrecord, sizeof(mi->label.name));
                return 0;
        default:
                break;
        }

        n -= UAC_NCLASSES;
        if (n < 0 || n >= nctls)
                return ENXIO;

        mc = &sc->sc_ctls[n];
        strlcpy(mi->label.name, mc->ctlname, sizeof(mi->label.name));
        mi->mixer_class = mc->class;
        mi->next = mi->prev = AUDIO_MIXER_LAST; /* XXX */
        switch (mc->type) {
        case MIX_ON_OFF:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM;
                mi->un.e.num_mem = 2;
                strlcpy(mi->un.e.member[0].label.name, AudioNoff,
                    sizeof(mi->un.e.member[0].label.name));
                mi->un.e.member[0].ord = 0;
                strlcpy(mi->un.e.member[1].label.name, AudioNon,
                    sizeof(mi->un.e.member[1].label.name));
                mi->un.e.member[1].ord = 1;
                break;
        case MIX_SELECTOR:
                n = uimin(mc->ranges[0].maxval - mc->ranges[0].minval + 1,
                    __arraycount(mi->un.e.member));
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM;
                mi->un.e.num_mem = n;
                for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                        snprintf(mi->un.e.member[i].label.name,
                                 sizeof(mi->un.e.member[i].label.name),
                                 "%d", i + mc->ranges[0].minval);
                        mi->un.e.member[i].ord = i + mc->ranges[0].minval;
                }
                break;
        default:
                mi->type = AUDIO_MIXER_VALUE;
                strncpy(mi->un.v.units.name, mc->ctlunit, MAX_AUDIO_DEV_LEN);
                mi->un.v.num_channels = mc->nchan;
                mi->un.v.delta = mc->delta;
                break;
        }
        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_open(void *addr, int flags)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;

        sc = addr;
        DPRINTF("sc=%p\n", sc);
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        if ((flags & FWRITE) && !(sc->sc_mode & AUMODE_PLAY))
                return EACCES;
        if ((flags & FREAD) && !(sc->sc_mode & AUMODE_RECORD))
                return EACCES;

        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_halt_out_dma(void *addr)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = addr;

        DPRINTF("%s", "enter\n");

        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
        uaudio_halt_out_dma_unlocked(sc);
        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        return 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_halt_out_dma_unlocked(struct uaudio_softc *sc)
{
        if (sc->sc_playchan.pipe != NULL) {
                uaudio_chan_abort(sc, &sc->sc_playchan);
                uaudio_chan_free_buffers(sc, &sc->sc_playchan);
                uaudio_chan_close(sc, &sc->sc_playchan);
                sc->sc_playchan.intr = NULL;
        }
}

Static int
uaudio_halt_in_dma(void *addr)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = addr;

        DPRINTF("%s", "enter\n");

        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
        uaudio_halt_in_dma_unlocked(sc);
        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        return 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_halt_in_dma_unlocked(struct uaudio_softc *sc)
{
        if (sc->sc_recchan.pipe != NULL) {
                uaudio_chan_abort(sc, &sc->sc_recchan);
                uaudio_chan_free_buffers(sc, &sc->sc_recchan);
                uaudio_chan_close(sc, &sc->sc_recchan);
                sc->sc_recchan.intr = NULL;
        }
}

Static int
uaudio_getdev(void *addr, struct audio_device *retp)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;

        DPRINTF("%s", "\n");
        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        *retp = sc->sc_adev;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Make sure the block size is large enough to hold all outstanding transfers.
 */
Static int
uaudio_round_blocksize(void *addr, int blk,
                       int mode, const audio_params_t *param)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct chan *ch;
        int b;

        sc = addr;
        DPRINTF("blk=%d mode=%s\n", blk,
            mode == AUMODE_PLAY ? "AUMODE_PLAY" : "AUMODE_RECORD");

        ch = mode == AUMODE_PLAY ? &sc->sc_playchan : &sc->sc_recchan;

        /* chan.bytes_per_frame can be 0. */
        if (mode == AUMODE_PLAY || ch->bytes_per_frame <= 0) {
                b = param->sample_rate * ch->nframes * ch->nchanbufs;

                /*
                 * This does not make accurate value in the case
                 * of b % usb_frames_per_second != 0
                 */
                b /= sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second;

                b *= param->precision / 8 * param->channels;
        } else {
                /*
                 * use wMaxPacketSize in bytes_per_frame.
                 * See uaudio_set_format() and uaudio_chan_init()
                 */
                b = ch->bytes_per_frame * ch->nframes * ch->nchanbufs;
        }

        if (b <= 0)
                b = 1;
        blk = blk <= b ? b : blk / b * b;

#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (blk <= 0) {
                aprint_debug("uaudio_round_blocksize: blk=%d\n", blk);
                blk = 512;
        }
#endif

        DPRINTF("resultant blk=%d\n", blk);
        return blk;
}

Static int
uaudio_get_props(void *addr)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        int props;

        sc = addr;
        props = 0;
        if ((sc->sc_mode & AUMODE_PLAY))
                props |= AUDIO_PROP_PLAYBACK;
        if ((sc->sc_mode & AUMODE_RECORD))
                props |= AUDIO_PROP_CAPTURE;

        /* XXX I'm not sure all bidirectional devices support FULLDUP&INDEP */
        if (props == (AUDIO_PROP_PLAYBACK | AUDIO_PROP_CAPTURE))
                props |= AUDIO_PROP_FULLDUPLEX | AUDIO_PROP_INDEPENDENT;

        return props;
}

Static void
uaudio_get_locks(void *addr, kmutex_t **intr, kmutex_t **thread)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;

        sc = addr;
        *intr = &sc->sc_intr_lock;
        *thread = &sc->sc_lock;
}

Static int
uaudio_get(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int which, int type, int wValue,
           int wIndex, int len)
{
        usb_device_request_t req;
        uint8_t data[4];
        usbd_status err;
        int val;

        if (wValue == -1)
                return 0;

        req.bmRequestType = type;
        req.bRequest = which;
        USETW(req.wValue, wValue);
        USETW(req.wIndex, wIndex);
        USETW(req.wLength, len);
        DPRINTFN(2,"type=0x%02x req=0x%02x wValue=0x%04x "
                    "wIndex=0x%04x len=%d\n",
                    type, which, wValue, wIndex, len);
        err = usbd_do_request(sc->sc_udev, &req, data);
        if (err) {
                DPRINTF("err=%s\n", usbd_errstr(err));
                return -1;
        }
        switch (len) {
        case 1:
                val = data[0];
                break;
        case 2:
                val = data[0];
                val |= data[1] << 8;
                break;
        case 3:
                val = data[0];
                val |= data[1] << 8;
                val |= data[2] << 16;
                break;
        case 4:
                val = data[0];
                val |= data[1] << 8;
                val |= data[2] << 16;
                val |= data[3] << 24;
                break;
        default:
                DPRINTF("bad length=%d\n", len);
                return -1;
        }
        DPRINTFN(2,"val=%d\n", val);
        return val;
}

Static int
uaudio_getbuf(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int which, int type, int wValue,
           int wIndex, int len, uint8_t *data)
{
        usb_device_request_t req;
        usbd_status err;

        req.bmRequestType = type;
        req.bRequest = which;
        USETW(req.wValue, wValue);
        USETW(req.wIndex, wIndex);
        USETW(req.wLength, len);
        DPRINTFN(2,"type=0x%02x req=0x%02x wValue=0x%04x "
                    "wIndex=0x%04x len=%d\n",
                    type, which, wValue, wIndex, len);
        err = usbd_do_request(sc->sc_udev, &req, data);
        if (err) {
                DPRINTF("err=%s\n", usbd_errstr(err));
                return -1;
        }

        DPRINTFN(2,"val@%p\n", data);
        return 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_set(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int which, int type, int wValue,
           int wIndex, int len, int val)
{
        usb_device_request_t req;
        uint8_t data[4];
        int err __unused;

        if (wValue == -1)
                return;

        req.bmRequestType = type;
        req.bRequest = which;
        USETW(req.wValue, wValue);
        USETW(req.wIndex, wIndex);
        USETW(req.wLength, len);

        data[0] = val;
        data[1] = val >> 8;
        data[2] = val >> 16;
        data[3] = val >> 24;

        DPRINTFN(2,"type=0x%02x req=0x%02x wValue=0x%04x "
                    "wIndex=0x%04x len=%d, val=%d\n",
                    type, which, wValue, wIndex, len, val);
        err = usbd_do_request(sc->sc_udev, &req, data);
#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (err)
                DPRINTF("err=%s\n", usbd_errstr(err));
#endif
}

Static int
uaudio_signext(int type, int val)
{
        if (MIX_UNSIGNED(type)) {
                switch (MIX_SIZE(type)) {
                case 1:
                        val = (uint8_t)val;
                        break;
                case 2:
                        val = (uint16_t)val;
                        break;
                case 3:
                        val = ((uint32_t)val << 8) >> 8;
                        break;
                case 4:
                        val = (uint32_t)val;
                        break;
                }
        } else {
                switch (MIX_SIZE(type)) {
                case 1:
                        val = (int8_t)val;
                        break;
                case 2:
                        val = (int16_t)val;
                        break;
                case 3:
                        val = ((int32_t)val << 8) >> 8;
                        break;
                case 4:
                        val = (int32_t)val;
                        break;
                }
        }
        return val;
}

Static int
uaudio_value2bsd(struct mixerctl *mc, int val)
{
        DPRINTFN(5, "type=%03x val=%d min=%d max=%d ",
                     mc->type, val, mc->ranges[0].minval, mc->ranges[0].maxval);
        if (mc->type == MIX_ON_OFF) {
                val = (val != 0);
        } else if (mc->type == MIX_SELECTOR) {
                if (val < mc->ranges[0].minval)
                        val = mc->ranges[0].minval;
                if (val > mc->ranges[0].maxval)
                        val = mc->ranges[0].maxval;
        } else if (mc->mul > 0) {
                val = ((uaudio_signext(mc->type, val) - mc->ranges[0].minval)
                    * 255 + mc->mul - 1) / mc->mul;
        } else
                val = 0;
        DPRINTFN_CLEAN(5, "val'=%d\n", val);
        return val;
}

Static int
uaudio_bsd2value(struct mixerctl *mc, int val)
{
        int i;

        DPRINTFN(5,"type=%03x val=%d min=%d max=%d ",
                    mc->type, val, mc->ranges[0].minval, mc->ranges[0].maxval);
        if (mc->type == MIX_ON_OFF) {
                val = (val != 0);
        } else if (mc->type == MIX_SELECTOR) {
                if (val < mc->ranges[0].minval)
                        val = mc->ranges[0].minval;
                if (val > mc->ranges[0].maxval)
                        val = mc->ranges[0].maxval;
        } else {
                if (val < 0)
                        val = 0;
                else if (val > 255)
                        val = 255;

                val = val * (mc->mul + 1) / 256 + mc->ranges[0].minval;

                for (i=0; i<mc->nranges; ++i) {
                        struct range *r = &mc->ranges[i];

                        if (r->resval == 0)
                                continue;
                        if (val > r->maxval)
                                continue;
                        if (val < r->minval)
                                val = r->minval;
                        val = (val - r->minval + r->resval/2)
                            / r->resval * r->resval
                            + r->minval;
                        break;
                }
        }
        DPRINTFN_CLEAN(5, "val'=%d\n", val);
        return val;
}

Static const char *
uaudio_clockname(u_int attr)
{
        static const char *names[] = {
                "clkext",
                "clkfixed",
                "clkvar",
                "clkprog"
        };

        return names[attr & 3];
}

Static int
uaudio_makename(struct uaudio_softc *sc, uByte idx, const char *defname, uByte id, char *buf, size_t len)
{
        char *tmp;
        int err, count;

        tmp = kmem_alloc(USB_MAX_ENCODED_STRING_LEN, KM_SLEEP);
        err = usbd_get_string0(sc->sc_udev, idx, tmp, true);

        if (id != 0 || err)
                count = snprintf(buf, len, "%s%d", err ? defname : tmp, id);
        else
                count = snprintf(buf, len, "%s", err ? defname : tmp);

        kmem_free(tmp, USB_MAX_ENCODED_STRING_LEN);

        return count;
}


Static int
uaudio_ctl_get(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int which, struct mixerctl *mc,
               int chan)
{
        int val;

        DPRINTFN(5,"which=%d chan=%d ctl=%s type=%d\n", which, chan, mc->ctlname, mc->type);
        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_lock);
        val = uaudio_get(sc, which, UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE, mc->wValue[chan],
                         mc->wIndex, MIX_SIZE(mc->type));
        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_lock);
        return uaudio_value2bsd(mc, val);
}

Static void
uaudio_ctl_set(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int which, struct mixerctl *mc,
               int chan, int val)
{

        DPRINTFN(5,"which=%d chan=%d ctl=%s type=%d\n", which, chan, mc->ctlname, mc->type);
        val = uaudio_bsd2value(mc, val);
        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_lock);
        uaudio_set(sc, which, UT_WRITE_CLASS_INTERFACE, mc->wValue[chan],
                   mc->wIndex, MIX_SIZE(mc->type), val);
        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_lock);
}

Static int
uaudio_mixer_get_port(void *addr, mixer_ctrl_t *cp)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct mixerctl *mc;
        int i, n, vals[MIX_MAX_CHAN], val;
        int req;

        DPRINTFN(2, "index=%d\n", cp->dev);
        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        req = sc->sc_version == UAUDIO_VERSION2 ? V2_CUR : GET_CUR;

        n = cp->dev - UAC_NCLASSES;
        if (n < 0 || n >= sc->sc_nctls)
                return ENXIO;
        mc = &sc->sc_ctls[n];

        if (mc->type == MIX_ON_OFF) {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM)
                        return EINVAL;
                cp->un.ord = uaudio_ctl_get(sc, req, mc, 0);
        } else if (mc->type == MIX_SELECTOR) {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM)
                        return EINVAL;
                cp->un.ord = uaudio_ctl_get(sc, req, mc, 0);
        } else {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_VALUE)
                        return EINVAL;
                if (cp->un.value.num_channels != 1 &&
                    cp->un.value.num_channels != mc->nchan)
                        return EINVAL;
                for (i = 0; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                        vals[i] = uaudio_ctl_get(sc, req, mc, i);
                if (cp->un.value.num_channels == 1 && mc->nchan != 1) {
                        for (val = 0, i = 0; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                                val += vals[i];
                        vals[0] = val / mc->nchan;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < cp->un.value.num_channels; i++)
                        cp->un.value.level[i] = vals[i];
        }

        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_mixer_set_port(void *addr, mixer_ctrl_t *cp)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct mixerctl *mc;
        int i, n, vals[MIX_MAX_CHAN];
        int req;

        DPRINTFN(2, "index = %d\n", cp->dev);
        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        req = sc->sc_version == UAUDIO_VERSION2 ? V2_CUR : SET_CUR;

        n = cp->dev - UAC_NCLASSES;
        if (n < 0 || n >= sc->sc_nctls)
                return ENXIO;
        mc = &sc->sc_ctls[n];

        if (mc->type == MIX_ON_OFF) {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM)
                        return EINVAL;
                uaudio_ctl_set(sc, req, mc, 0, cp->un.ord);
        } else if (mc->type == MIX_SELECTOR) {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_ENUM)
                        return EINVAL;
                uaudio_ctl_set(sc, req, mc, 0, cp->un.ord);
        } else {
                if (cp->type != AUDIO_MIXER_VALUE)
                        return EINVAL;
                if (cp->un.value.num_channels == 1)
                        for (i = 0; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                                vals[i] = cp->un.value.level[0];
                else if (cp->un.value.num_channels == mc->nchan)
                        for (i = 0; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                                vals[i] = cp->un.value.level[i];
                else
                        return EINVAL;
                for (i = 0; i < mc->nchan; i++)
                        uaudio_ctl_set(sc, req, mc, i, vals[i]);
        }
        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_trigger_input(void *addr, void *start, void *end, int blksize,
                     void (*intr)(void *), void *arg,
                     const audio_params_t *param)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct chan *ch;
        usbd_status err;
        int i;

        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        DPRINTFN(3, "sc=%p start=%p end=%p "
                    "blksize=%d\n", sc, start, end, blksize);
        ch = &sc->sc_recchan;
        uaudio_chan_set_param(ch, start, end, blksize);
        DPRINTFN(3, "sample_size=%d bytes/frame=%d "
                    "fraction=0.%03d\n", ch->sample_size, ch->bytes_per_frame,
                    ch->fraction);

        err = uaudio_chan_open(sc, ch);
        if (err) {
                mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,"%s open channel err=%s\n",__func__, usbd_errstr(err));
                return EIO;
        }

        err = uaudio_chan_alloc_buffers(sc, ch);
        if (err) {
                uaudio_chan_close(sc, ch);
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,"%s alloc buffers err=%s\n",__func__, usbd_errstr(err));
                mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
                return EIO;
        }


        ch->intr = intr;
        ch->arg = arg;

        /*
         * Start as half as many channels for recording as for playback.
         * This stops playback from stuttering in full-duplex operation.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < ch->nchanbufs / 2; i++) {
                uaudio_chan_rtransfer(ch);
        }

        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        return 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_trigger_output(void *addr, void *start, void *end, int blksize,
                      void (*intr)(void *), void *arg,
                      const audio_params_t *param)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct chan *ch;
        usbd_status err;
        int i;

        sc = addr;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        DPRINTFN(3, "sc=%p start=%p end=%p "
                    "blksize=%d\n", sc, start, end, blksize);
        ch = &sc->sc_playchan;
        uaudio_chan_set_param(ch, start, end, blksize);
        DPRINTFN(3, "sample_size=%d bytes/frame=%d "
                    "fraction=0.%03d\n", ch->sample_size, ch->bytes_per_frame,
                    ch->fraction);

        err = uaudio_chan_open(sc, ch);
        if (err) {
                mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,"%s open channel err=%s\n",__func__, usbd_errstr(err));
                return EIO;
        }

        err = uaudio_chan_alloc_buffers(sc, ch);
        if (err) {
                uaudio_chan_close(sc, ch);
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,"%s alloc buffers err=%s\n",__func__, usbd_errstr(err));
                mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
                return EIO;
        }

        ch->intr = intr;
        ch->arg = arg;

        for (i = 0; i < ch->nchanbufs; i++)
                uaudio_chan_ptransfer(ch);

        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        return 0;
}

/* Set up a pipe for a channel. */
Static usbd_status
uaudio_chan_open(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct chan *ch)
{
        struct as_info *as;
        usb_device_descriptor_t *ddesc;
        struct usbd_pipe *pipe;
        int endpt, clkid;
        usbd_status err;

        as = &sc->sc_alts[ch->altidx];
        endpt = as->edesc->bEndpointAddress;
        clkid = sc->sc_clock[as->terminal];
        DPRINTF("endpt=0x%02x, clkid=%d, speed=%d, alt=%d\n",
                 endpt, clkid, ch->sample_rate, as->alt);

        /* Set alternate interface corresponding to the mode. */
        err = usbd_set_interface(as->ifaceh, as->alt);
        if (err)
                return err;

        /*
         * Roland SD-90 freezes by a SAMPLING_FREQ_CONTROL request.
         */
        ddesc = usbd_get_device_descriptor(sc->sc_udev);
        if ((UGETW(ddesc->idVendor) != USB_VENDOR_ROLAND) &&
            (UGETW(ddesc->idProduct) != USB_PRODUCT_ROLAND_SD90)) {
                err = uaudio_set_speed(sc, endpt, clkid, ch->sample_rate);
                if (err) {
                        DPRINTF("set_speed failed err=%s\n", usbd_errstr(err));
                }
        }

        DPRINTF("create pipe to 0x%02x\n", endpt);
        err = usbd_open_pipe(as->ifaceh, endpt, USBD_MPSAFE, &pipe);
        if (err)
                return err;
        pipe = atomic_swap_ptr(&ch->pipe, pipe);
        KASSERT(pipe == NULL);
        if (as->edesc1 != NULL) {
                endpt = as->edesc1->bEndpointAddress;
                if (endpt != 0) {
                        DPRINTF("create sync-pipe to 0x%02x\n", endpt);
                        err = usbd_open_pipe(as->ifaceh, endpt, USBD_MPSAFE,
                            &pipe);
                        if (err)
                                return err;
                        pipe = atomic_swap_ptr(&ch->sync_pipe, pipe);
                        KASSERT(pipe == NULL);
                }
        }

        return 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_abort(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct chan *ch)
{
        struct usbd_pipe *pipe;
        struct as_info *as;

        as = &sc->sc_alts[ch->altidx];
        as->sc_busy = 0;
        if (sc->sc_nullalt >= 0) {
                DPRINTF("set null alt=%d\n", sc->sc_nullalt);
                usbd_set_interface(as->ifaceh, sc->sc_nullalt);
        }
        pipe = ch->pipe;
        if (pipe) {
                usbd_abort_pipe(pipe);
        }
        pipe = ch->sync_pipe;
        if (pipe) {
                usbd_abort_pipe(pipe);
        }
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_close(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct chan *ch)
{
        struct usbd_pipe *pipe;

        pipe = atomic_swap_ptr(&ch->pipe, NULL);
        if (pipe) {
                usbd_close_pipe(pipe);
        }
        pipe = atomic_swap_ptr(&ch->sync_pipe, NULL);
        if (pipe) {
                usbd_close_pipe(pipe);
        }
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_chan_alloc_buffers(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct chan *ch)
{
        int i, size;

        size = (ch->bytes_per_frame + ch->sample_size) * ch->nframes;
        for (i = 0; i < ch->nchanbufs; i++) {
                struct usbd_xfer *xfer;

                int err = usbd_create_xfer(ch->pipe, size, 0, ch->nframes,
                    &xfer);
                if (err)
                        goto bad;

                ch->chanbufs[i].xfer = xfer;
                ch->chanbufs[i].buffer = usbd_get_buffer(xfer);
                ch->chanbufs[i].chan = ch;
        }

        return USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION;

bad:
        while (--i >= 0)
                /* implicit buffer free */
                usbd_destroy_xfer(ch->chanbufs[i].xfer);
        return USBD_NOMEM;
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_free_buffers(struct uaudio_softc *sc, struct chan *ch)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ch->nchanbufs; i++)
                usbd_destroy_xfer(ch->chanbufs[i].xfer);
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_ptransfer(struct chan *ch)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = ch->sc;
        struct chanbuf *cb;
        int i, n, size, residue, total;

        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return;

        /* Pick the next channel buffer. */
        cb = &ch->chanbufs[ch->curchanbuf];
        if (++ch->curchanbuf >= ch->nchanbufs)
                ch->curchanbuf = 0;

        /* Compute the size of each frame in the next transfer. */
        residue = ch->residue;
        total = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < ch->nframes; i++) {
                size = ch->bytes_per_frame;
                residue += ch->fraction;
                if (residue >= sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second) {
                        if ((sc->sc_altflags & UA_NOFRAC) == 0)
                                size += ch->sample_size;
                        residue -= sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second;
                }
                cb->sizes[i] = size;
                total += size;
        }
        ch->residue = residue;
        cb->size = total;

        /*
         * Transfer data from upper layer buffer to channel buffer, taking
         * care of wrapping the upper layer buffer.
         */
        n = uimin(total, ch->end - ch->cur);
        memcpy(cb->buffer, ch->cur, n);
        ch->cur += n;
        if (ch->cur >= ch->end)
                ch->cur = ch->start;
        if (total > n) {
                total -= n;
                memcpy(cb->buffer + n, ch->cur, total);
                ch->cur += total;
        }

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (uaudiodebug > 8) {
                DPRINTF("buffer=%p, residue=0.%03d\n", cb->buffer, ch->residue);
                for (i = 0; i < ch->nframes; i++) {
                        DPRINTF("   [%d] length %d\n", i, cb->sizes[i]);
                }
        }
#endif

        //DPRINTFN(5, "ptransfer xfer=%p\n", cb->xfer);
        /* Fill the request */
        usbd_setup_isoc_xfer(cb->xfer, cb, cb->sizes, ch->nframes, 0,
            uaudio_chan_pintr);

        usbd_status err = usbd_transfer(cb->xfer);
        if (err != USBD_IN_PROGRESS && err != USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION)
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev, "ptransfer error %d\n", err);
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_pintr(struct usbd_xfer *xfer, void *priv,
                  usbd_status status)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct chanbuf *cb;
        struct chan *ch;
        uint32_t count;

        cb = priv;
        ch = cb->chan;
        sc = ch->sc;
        /* Return if we are aborting. */
        if (status == USBD_CANCELLED)
                return;

        if (status != USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION)
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev, "pintr error: %s\n",
                              usbd_errstr(status));

        usbd_get_xfer_status(xfer, NULL, NULL, &count, NULL);
        DPRINTFN(5, "count=%d, transferred=%d\n",
                    count, ch->transferred);
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (count != cb->size) {
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,
                    "uaudio_chan_pintr: count(%d) != size(%d), status(%d)\n",
                    count, cb->size, status);
        }
#endif

        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
        ch->transferred += cb->size;
        /* Call back to upper layer */
        while (ch->transferred >= ch->blksize) {
                ch->transferred -= ch->blksize;
                DPRINTFN(5, "call %p(%p)\n", ch->intr, ch->arg);
                ch->intr(ch->arg);
        }
        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        /* start next transfer */
        uaudio_chan_ptransfer(ch);
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_rtransfer(struct chan *ch)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = ch->sc;
        struct chanbuf *cb;
        int i, size, residue, total;

        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return;

        /* Pick the next channel buffer. */
        cb = &ch->chanbufs[ch->curchanbuf];
        if (++ch->curchanbuf >= ch->nchanbufs)
                ch->curchanbuf = 0;

        /* Compute the size of each frame in the next transfer. */
        residue = ch->residue;
        total = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < ch->nframes; i++) {
                size = ch->bytes_per_frame;
#if 0
                residue += ch->fraction;
                if (residue >= sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second) {
                        if ((sc->sc_altflags & UA_NOFRAC) == 0)
                                size += ch->sample_size;
                        residue -= sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second;
                }
#endif
                cb->sizes[i] = size;
                cb->offsets[i] = total;
                total += size;
        }
        ch->residue = residue;
        cb->size = total;

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
        if (uaudiodebug > 8) {
                DPRINTF("buffer=%p, residue=0.%03d\n", cb->buffer, ch->residue);
                for (i = 0; i < ch->nframes; i++) {
                        DPRINTF("   [%d] length %d\n", i, cb->sizes[i]);
                }
        }
#endif

        DPRINTFN(5, "transfer xfer=%p\n", cb->xfer);
        /* Fill the request */
        usbd_setup_isoc_xfer(cb->xfer, cb, cb->sizes, ch->nframes, 0,
            uaudio_chan_rintr);

        usbd_status err = usbd_transfer(cb->xfer);
        if (err != USBD_IN_PROGRESS && err != USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION)
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev, "rtransfer error %d\n", err);
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_rintr(struct usbd_xfer *xfer, void *priv,
                  usbd_status status)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        struct chanbuf *cb;
        struct chan *ch;
        uint32_t count;
        int i, n, frsize;

        cb = priv;
        ch = cb->chan;
        sc = ch->sc;
        /* Return if we are aborting. */
        if (status == USBD_CANCELLED)
                return;

        if (status != USBD_NORMAL_COMPLETION && status != USBD_SHORT_XFER)
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev, "rintr error: %s\n",
                              usbd_errstr(status));

        usbd_get_xfer_status(xfer, NULL, NULL, &count, NULL);
        DPRINTFN(5, "count=%d, transferred=%d\n", count, ch->transferred);

        /* count < cb->size is normal for asynchronous source */
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (count > cb->size) {
                device_printf(sc->sc_dev,
                    "uaudio_chan_rintr: count(%d) > size(%d) status(%d)\n",
                    count, cb->size, status);
        }
#endif

        /*
         * Transfer data from channel buffer to upper layer buffer, taking
         * care of wrapping the upper layer buffer.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < ch->nframes; i++) {
                frsize = cb->sizes[i];
                n = uimin(frsize, ch->end - ch->cur);
                memcpy(ch->cur, cb->buffer + cb->offsets[i], n);
                ch->cur += n;
                if (ch->cur >= ch->end)
                        ch->cur = ch->start;
                if (frsize > n) {
                        memcpy(ch->cur, cb->buffer + cb->offsets[i] + n,
                            frsize - n);
                        ch->cur += frsize - n;
                }
        }

        /* Call back to upper layer */
        mutex_enter(&sc->sc_intr_lock);
        ch->transferred += count;
        while (ch->transferred >= ch->blksize) {
                ch->transferred -= ch->blksize;
                DPRINTFN(5, "call %p(%p)\n", ch->intr, ch->arg);
                ch->intr(ch->arg);
        }
        mutex_exit(&sc->sc_intr_lock);

        /* start next transfer */
        uaudio_chan_rtransfer(ch);
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_init(struct chan *ch, int altidx,
    const struct audio_params *param, int maxpktsize, bool isrecord)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc = ch->sc;
        int samples_per_frame, sample_size;

        DPRINTFN(5, "altidx=%d, %d/%d %dch %dHz ufps %u max %d\n",
                altidx, param->validbits, param->precision, param->channels,
                param->sample_rate, sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second, maxpktsize);

        ch->altidx = altidx;
        sample_size = param->precision * param->channels / 8;

        if (isrecord) {
                if (maxpktsize >= sample_size)
                        samples_per_frame = maxpktsize / sample_size;
                else
                        samples_per_frame = param->sample_rate / sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second
                            + param->channels;
                ch->fraction = 0;
        } else {
                samples_per_frame = param->sample_rate / sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second;
                ch->fraction = param->sample_rate % sc->sc_usb_frames_per_second;
        }

        ch->sample_size = sample_size;
        ch->sample_rate = param->sample_rate;
        ch->bytes_per_frame = samples_per_frame * sample_size;

        if (maxpktsize > 0 && ch->bytes_per_frame > maxpktsize) {
                samples_per_frame = maxpktsize / sample_size;
                ch->bytes_per_frame = samples_per_frame * sample_size;
        }

        ch->residue = 0;
}

Static void
uaudio_chan_set_param(struct chan *ch, u_char *start, u_char *end, int blksize)
{

        ch->start = start;
        ch->end = end;
        ch->cur = start;
        ch->blksize = blksize;
        ch->transferred = 0;
        ch->curchanbuf = 0;
}

Static int
uaudio_set_format(void *addr, int setmode,
                  const audio_params_t *play, const audio_params_t *rec,
                  audio_filter_reg_t *pfil, audio_filter_reg_t *rfil)
{
        struct uaudio_softc *sc;
        int paltidx, raltidx;

        sc = addr;
        paltidx = -1;
        raltidx = -1;
        if (sc->sc_dying)
                return EIO;

        if ((setmode & AUMODE_PLAY) && sc->sc_playchan.altidx != -1) {
                sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_playchan.altidx].sc_busy = 0;
        }
        if ((setmode & AUMODE_RECORD) && sc->sc_recchan.altidx != -1) {
                sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_recchan.altidx].sc_busy = 0;
        }

        /* Some uaudio devices are unidirectional.  Don't try to find a
           matching mode for the unsupported direction. */
        setmode &= sc->sc_mode;

        if ((setmode & AUMODE_PLAY)) {
                paltidx = audio_indexof_format(sc->sc_formats, sc->sc_nformats,
                    AUMODE_PLAY, play);
                /* Transfer should have halted */
                uaudio_chan_init(&sc->sc_playchan, paltidx, play,
                    UGETW(sc->sc_alts[paltidx].edesc->wMaxPacketSize), false);
        }
        if ((setmode & AUMODE_RECORD)) {
                raltidx = audio_indexof_format(sc->sc_formats, sc->sc_nformats,
                    AUMODE_RECORD, rec);
                /* Transfer should have halted */
                uaudio_chan_init(&sc->sc_recchan, raltidx, rec,
                    UGETW(sc->sc_alts[raltidx].edesc->wMaxPacketSize), true);
        }

        if ((setmode & AUMODE_PLAY) && sc->sc_playchan.altidx != -1) {
                sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_playchan.altidx].sc_busy = 1;
        }
        if ((setmode & AUMODE_RECORD) && sc->sc_recchan.altidx != -1) {
                sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_recchan.altidx].sc_busy = 1;
        }

        DPRINTF("use altidx=p%d/r%d, altno=p%d/r%d\n",
                 sc->sc_playchan.altidx, sc->sc_recchan.altidx,
                 (sc->sc_playchan.altidx >= 0)
                   ?sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_playchan.altidx].idesc->bAlternateSetting
                   : -1,
                 (sc->sc_recchan.altidx >= 0)
                   ? sc->sc_alts[sc->sc_recchan.altidx].idesc->bAlternateSetting
                   : -1);

        return 0;
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_speed(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int endpt, int clkid,
    uint8_t *data, int set)
{
        usb_device_request_t req;

        switch (sc->sc_version) {
        case UAUDIO_VERSION1:
                req.bmRequestType = set ?
                        UT_WRITE_CLASS_ENDPOINT
                        : UT_READ_CLASS_ENDPOINT;
                req.bRequest = set ?
                        SET_CUR
                        : GET_CUR;
                USETW2(req.wValue, SAMPLING_FREQ_CONTROL, 0);
                USETW(req.wIndex, endpt);
                USETW(req.wLength, 3);
                break;
        case UAUDIO_VERSION2:
                req.bmRequestType = set ?
                        UT_WRITE_CLASS_INTERFACE
                        : UT_READ_CLASS_INTERFACE;
                req.bRequest = V2_CUR;
                USETW2(req.wValue, SAMPLING_FREQ_CONTROL, 0);
                USETW2(req.wIndex, clkid, sc->sc_ac_iface);
                USETW(req.wLength, 4);
                break;
        }

        return usbd_do_request(sc->sc_udev, &req, data);
}

Static usbd_status
uaudio_set_speed(struct uaudio_softc *sc, int endpt, int clkid, u_int speed)
{
        uint8_t data[4];

        DPRINTFN(5, "endpt=%d clkid=%u speed=%u\n", endpt, clkid, speed);

        data[0] = speed;
        data[1] = speed >> 8;
        data[2] = speed >> 16;
        data[3] = speed >> 24;

        return uaudio_speed(sc, endpt, clkid, data, 1);
}

#ifdef UAUDIO_DEBUG
SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_hw_uaudio_setup, "sysctl hw.uaudio setup")
{
        int err;
        const struct sysctlnode *rnode;
        const struct sysctlnode *cnode;
 
        err = sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, &rnode,
            CTLFLAG_PERMANENT, CTLTYPE_NODE, "uaudio",
            SYSCTL_DESCR("uaudio global controls"),
            NULL, 0, NULL, 0, CTL_HW, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
 
        if (err)
                goto fail;
 
        /* control debugging printfs */
        err = sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &rnode, &cnode,
            CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE, CTLTYPE_INT,
            "debug", SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable debugging output"),
            NULL, 0, &uaudiodebug, sizeof(uaudiodebug), CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
        if (err)
                goto fail;
 
        return;
fail:
        aprint_error("%s: sysctl_createv failed (err = %d)\n", __func__, err);
} 
#endif

#ifdef _MODULE

MODULE(MODULE_CLASS_DRIVER, uaudio, NULL);

static const struct cfiattrdata audiobuscf_iattrdata = {
        "audiobus", 0, { { NULL, NULL, 0 }, }
};
static const struct cfiattrdata * const uaudio_attrs[] = {
        &audiobuscf_iattrdata, NULL
};
CFDRIVER_DECL(uaudio, DV_DULL, uaudio_attrs);
extern struct cfattach uaudio_ca;
static int uaudioloc[6/*USBIFIFCF_NLOCS*/] = {
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_PORT_DEFAULT*/,
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_CONFIGURATION_DEFAULT*/,
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_INTERFACE_DEFAULT*/,
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_VENDOR_DEFAULT*/,
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_PRODUCT_DEFAULT*/,
        -1/*USBIFIFCF_RELEASE_DEFAULT*/};
static struct cfparent uhubparent = {
        "usbifif", NULL, DVUNIT_ANY
};
static struct cfdata uaudio_cfdata[] = {
        {
                .cf_name = "uaudio",
                .cf_atname = "uaudio",
                .cf_unit = 0,
                .cf_fstate = FSTATE_STAR,
                .cf_loc = uaudioloc,
                .cf_flags = 0,
                .cf_pspec = &uhubparent,
        },
        { NULL }
};

static int
uaudio_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd, void *arg)
{
        int err;

        switch (cmd) {
        case MODULE_CMD_INIT:
                err = config_cfdriver_attach(&uaudio_cd);
                if (err) {
                        return err;
                }
                err = config_cfattach_attach("uaudio", &uaudio_ca);
                if (err) {
                        config_cfdriver_detach(&uaudio_cd);
                        return err;
                }
                err = config_cfdata_attach(uaudio_cfdata, 1);
                if (err) {
                        config_cfattach_detach("uaudio", &uaudio_ca);
                        config_cfdriver_detach(&uaudio_cd);
                        return err;
                }
                return 0;
        case MODULE_CMD_FINI:
                err = config_cfdata_detach(uaudio_cfdata);
                if (err)
                        return err;
                config_cfattach_detach("uaudio", &uaudio_ca);
                config_cfdriver_detach(&uaudio_cd);
                return 0;
        default:
                return ENOTTY;
        }
}

#endif