/*      $NetBSD: subr_prf.c,v 1.205 2025/10/17 08:08:56 skrll Exp $     */

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1986, 1988, 1991, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *      @(#)subr_prf.c  8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: subr_prf.c,v 1.205 2025/10/17 08:08:56 skrll Exp $");

#ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
#include "opt_ddb.h"
#include "opt_kgdb.h"
#include "opt_dump.h"
#include "opt_rnd_printf.h"
#endif

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stdint.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/msgbuf.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/tty.h>
#include <sys/tprintf.h>
#include <sys/spldebug.h>
#include <sys/syslog.h>
#include <sys/kprintf.h>
#include <sys/atomic.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/rndsource.h>
#include <sys/kmem.h>

#include <dev/cons.h>

#include <net/if.h>

static kmutex_t kprintf_mtx;
static bool kprintf_inited = false;

#ifdef KGDB
#include <sys/kgdb.h>
#endif

#ifdef DDB
#include <ddb/ddbvar.h>         /* db_panic */
#include <ddb/db_output.h>      /* db_printf, db_putchar prototypes */
#endif


/*
 * defines
 */
#define KLOG_PRI        0x80000000


/*
 * local prototypes
 */

static void      putchar(int, int, struct tty *);
static void      kprintf_internal(const char *, int, void *, char *, ...);


/*
 * globals
 */

const   char *panicstr; /* arg to first call to panic (used as a flag
                           to indicate that panic has already been called). */
struct cpu_info *paniccpu;      /* cpu that first panicked */
long    panicstart, panicend;   /* position in the msgbuf of the start and
                                   end of the formatted panicstr. */
int     doing_shutdown; /* set to indicate shutdown in progress */

#ifdef RND_PRINTF
static krndsource_t     rnd_printf_source;
#endif

#ifndef DUMP_ON_PANIC
#define DUMP_ON_PANIC   1
#endif
int     dumponpanic = DUMP_ON_PANIC;

/*
 * v_putc: routine to putc on virtual console
 *
 * the v_putc pointer can be used to redirect the console cnputc elsewhere
 * [e.g. to a "virtual console"].
 */

void (*v_putc)(int) = cnputc;           /* start with cnputc (normal cons) */
void (*v_flush)(void) = cnflush;        /* start with cnflush (normal cons) */

const char hexdigits[] = "0123456789abcdef";
const char HEXDIGITS[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";


/*
 * functions
 */

/*
 * Locking is inited fairly early in MI bootstrap.  Before that
 * prints are done unlocked.  But that doesn't really matter,
 * since nothing can preempt us before interrupts are enabled.
 */
void
kprintf_init(void)
{

        KASSERT(!kprintf_inited); /* not foolproof, but ... */
        KASSERT(cold);
        mutex_init(&kprintf_mtx, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_HIGH);
#ifdef RND_PRINTF
        rnd_attach_source(&rnd_printf_source, "printf", RND_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
            RND_FLAG_COLLECT_TIME|RND_FLAG_COLLECT_VALUE);
#endif
        kprintf_inited = true;
}

void
kprintf_lock(void)
{

        if (__predict_true(kprintf_inited))
                mutex_enter(&kprintf_mtx);
}

void
kprintf_unlock(void)
{

        if (__predict_true(kprintf_inited)) {
                /* assert kprintf wasn't somehow inited while we were in */
                KASSERT(mutex_owned(&kprintf_mtx));
                mutex_exit(&kprintf_mtx);
        }
}

/*
 * twiddle: spin a little propellor on the console.
 */

void
twiddle(void)
{
        static const char twiddle_chars[] = "|/-\\";
        static int pos;

        kprintf_lock();

        putchar(twiddle_chars[pos++ & 3], TOCONS|NOTSTAMP, NULL);
        putchar('\b', TOCONS|NOTSTAMP, NULL);

        kprintf_unlock();
}

/*
 * panic: handle an unresolvable fatal error
 *
 * prints "panic: <message>" and reboots.   if called twice (i.e. recursive
 * call) we avoid trying to dump and just reboot (to avoid recursive panics).
 */

void
panic(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vpanic(fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
vpanic(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
        struct cpu_info *ci, *oci;
        int bootopt;
        static char scratchstr[384]; /* stores panic message */

        spldebug_stop();

        if (lwp0.l_cpu && curlwp) {
                /*
                 * Disable preemption.  If already panicking on another CPU, sit
                 * here and spin until the system is rebooted.  Allow the CPU that
                 * first panicked to panic again.
                 */
                kpreempt_disable();
                ci = curcpu();
                oci = atomic_cas_ptr((void *)&paniccpu, NULL, ci);
                if (oci != NULL && oci != ci) {
                        /* Give interrupts a chance to try and prevent deadlock. */
                        for (;;) {
#ifndef _RUMPKERNEL /* XXXpooka: temporary build fix, see kern/40505 */
                                DELAY(10);
#endif /* _RUMPKERNEL */
                        }
                }

                /*
                 * Convert the current thread to a bound thread and prevent all
                 * CPUs from scheduling unbound jobs.  Do so without taking any
                 * locks.
                 */
                curlwp->l_pflag |= LP_BOUND;
                for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci)) {
                        ci->ci_schedstate.spc_flags |= SPCF_OFFLINE;
                }
        }

        bootopt = RB_AUTOBOOT | RB_NOSYNC;
        if (!doing_shutdown) {
                if (dumponpanic)
                        bootopt |= RB_DUMP;
        } else
                printf("Skipping crash dump on recursive panic\n");

        doing_shutdown = 1;

        if (logenabled(msgbufp))
                panicstart = msgbufp->msg_bufx;

        kprintf_lock();
        kprintf_internal("panic: ", TOLOG|TOCONS, NULL, NULL);
        if (panicstr == NULL) {
                /* first time in panic - store fmt first for precaution */
                panicstr = fmt;

                vsnprintf(scratchstr, sizeof(scratchstr), fmt, ap);
                kprintf_internal("%s", TOLOG|TOCONS, NULL, NULL, scratchstr);
                panicstr = scratchstr;
        } else {
                kprintf(fmt, TOLOG|TOCONS, NULL, NULL, ap);
        }
        kprintf_internal("\n", TOLOG|TOCONS, NULL, NULL);
        kprintf_unlock();

        if (logenabled(msgbufp))
                panicend = msgbufp->msg_bufx;

#ifdef KGDB
        kgdb_panic();
#endif
#ifdef DDB
        db_panic();
#endif
        kern_reboot(bootopt, NULL);
}

/*
 * kernel logging functions: log, logpri, addlog
 */

/*
 * log: write to the log buffer
 *
 * => will not sleep [so safe to call from interrupt]
 * => will log to console if /dev/klog isn't open
 */

void
log(int level, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        kprintf_lock();

        klogpri(level);         /* log the level first */
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);
        if (!log_open) {
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                kprintf(fmt, TOCONS, NULL, NULL, ap);
                va_end(ap);
        }

        kprintf_unlock();

        logwakeup();            /* wake up anyone waiting for log msgs */
}

/*
 * vlog: write to the log buffer [already have va_list]
 */

void
vlog(int level, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        va_list cap;

        va_copy(cap, ap);
        kprintf_lock();

        klogpri(level);         /* log the level first */
        kprintf(fmt, TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);
        if (!log_open)
                kprintf(fmt, TOCONS, NULL, NULL, cap);

        kprintf_unlock();
        va_end(cap);

        logwakeup();            /* wake up anyone waiting for log msgs */
}

/*
 * logpri: log the priority level to the klog
 */

void
logpri(int level)
{

        kprintf_lock();
        klogpri(level);
        kprintf_unlock();
}

/*
 * Note: we must be in the mutex here!
 */
void
klogpri(int level)
{
        KASSERT((level & KLOG_PRI) == 0);

        putchar(level | KLOG_PRI, TOLOG, NULL);
}

/*
 * addlog: add info to previous log message
 */

void
addlog(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        kprintf_lock();

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);
        if (!log_open) {
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                kprintf(fmt, TOCONS, NULL, NULL, ap);
                va_end(ap);
        }

        kprintf_unlock();

        logwakeup();
}

static void
putone(int c, int flags, struct tty *tp)
{
        struct tty *ctp;
        int s;
        bool do_ps = !cold;

        ctp = NULL;     /* XXX gcc i386 -Os */

        /*
         * Ensure whatever constty points to can't go away while we're
         * trying to use it.
         */
        if (__predict_true(do_ps))
                s = pserialize_read_enter();

        if (panicstr)
                atomic_store_relaxed(&constty, NULL);

        if ((flags & TOCONS) &&
            (ctp = atomic_load_consume(&constty)) != NULL &&
            tp == NULL) {
                tp = ctp;
                flags |= TOTTY;
        }
        if ((flags & TOTTY) && tp &&
            tputchar(c, flags, tp) < 0 &&
            (flags & TOCONS))
                atomic_cas_ptr(&constty, tp, NULL);
        if ((flags & TOLOG) &&
            c != '\0' && c != '\r' && c != 0177)
                logputchar(c);
        if ((flags & TOCONS) && ctp == NULL && c != '\0')
                (*v_putc)(c);

        if (__predict_true(do_ps))
                pserialize_read_exit(s);
}

static void
putlogpri(int level)
{
        char *p;
        char snbuf[KPRINTF_BUFSIZE];

        putone('<', TOLOG, NULL);
        snprintf(snbuf, sizeof(snbuf), "%d", level);
        for (p = snbuf ; *p ; p++)
                putone(*p, TOLOG, NULL);
        putone('>', TOLOG, NULL);
}

#ifndef KLOG_NOTIMESTAMP
static int needtstamp = 1;
int log_ts_prec = 7;

static void
addtstamp(int flags, struct tty *tp)
{
        char buf[64];
        struct timespec ts;
        int n, prec;
        long fsec;

        prec = log_ts_prec;
        if (prec < 0) {
                prec = 0;
                log_ts_prec = prec;
        } else if (prec > 9) {
                prec = 9;
                log_ts_prec = prec;
        }

        getnanouptime(&ts);

        for (n = prec, fsec = ts.tv_nsec; n < 8; n++)
                fsec /= 10;
        if (n < 9)
                fsec = (fsec / 10) + ((fsec % 10) >= 5);

        n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "[% 4jd.%.*ld] ",
            (intmax_t)ts.tv_sec, prec, fsec);

        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                putone(buf[i], flags, tp);
}
#endif

/*
 * putchar: print a single character on console or user terminal.
 *
 * => if console, then the last MSGBUFS chars are saved in msgbuf
 *      for inspection later (e.g. dmesg/syslog)
 * => we must already be in the mutex!
 */
static void
putchar(int c, int flags, struct tty *tp)
{
        if (c & KLOG_PRI) {
                putlogpri(c & ~KLOG_PRI);
                return;
        }

#ifndef KLOG_NOTIMESTAMP
        if (c != '\0' && c != '\n' && needtstamp && (flags & NOTSTAMP) == 0) {
                addtstamp(flags, tp);
                needtstamp = 0;
        }

        if (c == '\n')
                needtstamp = 1;
#endif
        putone(c, flags, tp);

#ifdef DDB
        if (flags & TODDB) {
                db_putchar(c);
                return;
        }
#endif

#ifdef RND_PRINTF
        if (__predict_true(kprintf_inited)) {
                unsigned char ch = c;
                rnd_add_data_intr(&rnd_printf_source, &ch, 1, 0);
        }
#endif
}

/*
 * tablefull: warn that a system table is full
 */

void
tablefull(const char *tab, const char *hint)
{
        if (hint)
                log(LOG_ERR, "%s: table is full - %s\n", tab, hint);
        else
                log(LOG_ERR, "%s: table is full\n", tab);
}


/*
 * uprintf: print to the controlling tty of the current process
 *
 * => we may block if the tty queue is full
 * => no message is printed if the queue doesn't clear in a reasonable
 *      time
 */

void
uprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        struct proc *p = curproc;
        va_list ap;

        /* mutex_enter(&proc_lock); XXXSMP */

        if (p->p_lflag & PL_CONTROLT && p->p_session->s_ttyvp) {
                /* No mutex needed; going to process TTY. */
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                kprintf(fmt, TOTTY, p->p_session->s_ttyp, NULL, ap);
                va_end(ap);
        }

        /* mutex_exit(&proc_lock); XXXSMP */
}

void
uprintf_locked(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        struct proc *p = curproc;
        va_list ap;

        if (p->p_lflag & PL_CONTROLT && p->p_session->s_ttyvp) {
                /* No mutex needed; going to process TTY. */
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                kprintf(fmt, TOTTY, p->p_session->s_ttyp, NULL, ap);
                va_end(ap);
        }
}

/*
 * tprintf functions: used to send messages to a specific process
 *
 * usage:
 *   get a tpr_t handle on a process "p" by using "tprintf_open(p)"
 *   use the handle when calling "tprintf"
 *   when done, do a "tprintf_close" to drop the handle
 */

/*
 * tprintf_open: get a tprintf handle on a process "p"
 *
 * => returns NULL if process can't be printed to
 */

tpr_t
tprintf_open(struct proc *p)
{
        tpr_t cookie;

        cookie = NULL;

        mutex_enter(&proc_lock);
        if (p->p_lflag & PL_CONTROLT && p->p_session->s_ttyvp) {
                proc_sesshold(p->p_session);
                cookie = (tpr_t)p->p_session;
        }
        mutex_exit(&proc_lock);

        return cookie;
}

/*
 * tprintf_close: dispose of a tprintf handle obtained with tprintf_open
 */

void
tprintf_close(tpr_t sess)
{

        if (sess) {
                mutex_enter(&proc_lock);
                /* Releases proc_lock. */
                proc_sessrele((struct session *)sess);
        }
}

/*
 * tprintf: given tprintf handle to a process [obtained with tprintf_open],
 * send a message to the controlling tty for that process.
 *
 * => also sends message to /dev/klog
 */
void
tprintf(tpr_t tpr, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        struct session *sess = (struct session *)tpr;
        struct tty *tp = NULL;
        int flags = TOLOG;
        va_list ap;

        /* mutex_enter(&proc_lock); XXXSMP */
        if (sess && sess->s_ttyvp && ttycheckoutq(sess->s_ttyp)) {
                flags |= TOTTY;
                tp = sess->s_ttyp;
        }

        kprintf_lock();

        klogpri(LOG_INFO);
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, flags, tp, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        kprintf_unlock();
        /* mutex_exit(&proc_lock);      XXXSMP */

        logwakeup();
}


/*
 * ttyprintf: send a message to a specific tty
 *
 * => should be used only by tty driver or anything that knows the
 *    underlying tty will not be revoked(2)'d away.  [otherwise,
 *    use tprintf]
 */
void
ttyprintf(struct tty *tp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        /* No mutex needed; going to process TTY. */
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, TOTTY, tp, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

#ifdef DDB

/*
 * db_printf: printf for DDB (via db_putchar)
 */

void
db_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        /* No mutex needed; DDB pauses all processors. */
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, TODDB, NULL, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        if (db_tee_msgbuf) {
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                kprintf(fmt, TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);
                va_end(ap);
        }
}

void
db_vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        va_list cap;

        va_copy(cap, ap);
        /* No mutex needed; DDB pauses all processors. */
        kprintf(fmt, TODDB, NULL, NULL, ap);
        if (db_tee_msgbuf)
                kprintf(fmt, TOLOG, NULL, NULL, cap);
        va_end(cap);
}

#endif /* DDB */

static void
kprintf_internal(const char *fmt, int oflags, void *vp, char *sbuf, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, sbuf);
        (void)kprintf(fmt, oflags, vp, sbuf, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * Device autoconfiguration printf routines.  These change their
 * behavior based on the AB_* flags in boothowto.  If AB_SILENT
 * is set, messages never go to the console (but they still always
 * go to the log).  AB_VERBOSE overrides AB_SILENT.
 */

/*
 * aprint_normal: Send to console unless AB_QUIET.  Always goes
 * to the log.
 */
static void
aprint_normal_internal(const char *prefix, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        int flags = TOLOG;

        if ((boothowto & (AB_SILENT|AB_QUIET)) == 0 ||
            (boothowto & AB_VERBOSE) != 0)
                flags |= TOCONS;

        kprintf_lock();

        if (prefix)
                kprintf_internal("%s: ", flags, NULL, NULL, prefix);
        kprintf(fmt, flags, NULL, NULL, ap);

        kprintf_unlock();

        if (!panicstr)
                logwakeup();
}

void
aprint_normal(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_normal_internal(NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_normal_dev(device_t dv, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(dv != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_normal_internal(device_xname(dv), fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_normal_ifnet(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(ifp != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_normal_internal(ifp->if_xname, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * aprint_error: Send to console unless AB_QUIET.  Always goes
 * to the log.  Also counts the number of times called so other
 * parts of the kernel can report the number of errors during a
 * given phase of system startup.
 */
static int aprint_error_count;

int
aprint_get_error_count(void)
{
        int count;

        kprintf_lock();

        count = aprint_error_count;
        aprint_error_count = 0;

        kprintf_unlock();

        return (count);
}

static void
aprint_error_internal(const char *prefix, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        int flags = TOLOG;

        if ((boothowto & (AB_SILENT|AB_QUIET)) == 0 ||
            (boothowto & AB_VERBOSE) != 0)
                flags |= TOCONS;

        kprintf_lock();

        aprint_error_count++;

        if (prefix)
                kprintf_internal("%s: ", flags, NULL, NULL, prefix);
        kprintf_internal("autoconfiguration error: ", TOLOG, NULL, NULL);
        kprintf(fmt, flags, NULL, NULL, ap);

        kprintf_unlock();

        if (!panicstr)
                logwakeup();
}

void
aprint_error(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_error_internal(NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_error_dev(device_t dv, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(dv != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_error_internal(device_xname(dv), fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_error_ifnet(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(ifp != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_error_internal(ifp->if_xname, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * aprint_naive: Send to console only if AB_QUIET.  Never goes
 * to the log.
 */
static void
aprint_naive_internal(const char *prefix, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        if ((boothowto & (AB_QUIET|AB_SILENT|AB_VERBOSE)) != AB_QUIET)
                return;

        kprintf_lock();

        if (prefix)
                kprintf_internal("%s: ", TOCONS, NULL, NULL, prefix);
        kprintf(fmt, TOCONS, NULL, NULL, ap);

        kprintf_unlock();
}

void
aprint_naive(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_naive_internal(NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_naive_dev(device_t dv, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(dv != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_naive_internal(device_xname(dv), fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_naive_ifnet(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(ifp != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_naive_internal(ifp->if_xname, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * aprint_verbose: Send to console only if AB_VERBOSE.  Always
 * goes to the log.
 */
static void
aprint_verbose_internal(const char *prefix, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        int flags = TOLOG;

        if (boothowto & AB_VERBOSE)
                flags |= TOCONS;

        kprintf_lock();

        if (prefix)
                kprintf_internal("%s: ", flags, NULL, NULL, prefix);
        kprintf(fmt, flags, NULL, NULL, ap);

        kprintf_unlock();

        if (!panicstr)
                logwakeup();
}

void
aprint_verbose(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_verbose_internal(NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_verbose_dev(device_t dv, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(dv != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_verbose_internal(device_xname(dv), fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_verbose_ifnet(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(ifp != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_verbose_internal(ifp->if_xname, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * aprint_debug: Send to console and log only if AB_DEBUG.
 */
static void
aprint_debug_internal(const char *prefix, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        if ((boothowto & AB_DEBUG) == 0)
                return;

        kprintf_lock();

        if (prefix)
                kprintf_internal("%s: ", TOCONS | TOLOG, NULL, NULL, prefix);
        kprintf(fmt, TOCONS | TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);

        kprintf_unlock();
}

void
aprint_debug(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_debug_internal(NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_debug_dev(device_t dv, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(dv != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_debug_internal(device_xname(dv), fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
aprint_debug_ifnet(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        KASSERT(ifp != NULL);

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        aprint_debug_internal(ifp->if_xname, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
vprintf_flags(int flags, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        kprintf_lock();
        kprintf(fmt, flags, NULL, NULL, ap);
        kprintf_unlock();
}

void
printf_flags(int flags, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vprintf_flags(flags, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

void
printf_tolog(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vprintf_flags(TOLOG, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * printf_nolog: Like printf(), but does not send message to the log.
 */

void
printf_nolog(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vprintf_flags(TOCONS, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * printf_nostamp: Like printf(), but does not prepend a timestamp.
 */

void
printf_nostamp(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vprintf_flags(TOCONS|NOTSTAMP, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * normal kernel printf functions: printf, vprintf, snprintf, vsnprintf
 */

/*
 * printf: print a message to the console and the log
 */
void
printf(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vprintf_flags(TOCONS | TOLOG, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
}

/*
 * vprintf: print a message to the console and the log [already have
 *      va_list]
 */

void
vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        vprintf_flags(TOCONS | TOLOG, fmt, ap);

        if (!panicstr)
                logwakeup();
}

/*
 * snprintf: print a message to a buffer
 */
int
snprintf(char *bf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        int retval;
        va_list ap;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        retval = vsnprintf(bf, size, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);

        return retval;
}

/*
 * vsnprintf: print a message to a buffer [already have va_list]
 */
int
vsnprintf(char *bf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        int retval;
        char *p;

        p = bf + size;
        retval = kprintf(fmt, TOBUFONLY, &p, bf, ap);
        if (bf && size > 0) {
                /* nul terminate */
                if (size <= (size_t)retval)
                        bf[size - 1] = '\0';
                else
                        bf[retval] = '\0';
        }
        return retval;
}

int
vasprintf(char **bf, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
{
        int retval;
        va_list cap;

        va_copy(cap, ap);
        retval = kprintf(fmt, TOBUFONLY, NULL, NULL, cap) + 1;
        va_end(cap);
        *bf = kmem_alloc(retval, KM_SLEEP);
        return vsnprintf(*bf, retval, fmt, ap);
}

/*
 * kprintf: scaled down version of printf(3).
 *
 * this version based on vfprintf() from libc which was derived from
 * software contributed to Berkeley by Chris Torek.
 *
 * NOTE: The kprintf mutex must be held if we're going TOBUF or TOCONS!
 */

/*
 * macros for converting digits to letters and vice versa
 */
#define to_digit(c)     ((c) - '0')
#define is_digit(c)     ((unsigned)to_digit(c) <= 9)
#define to_char(n)      ((n) + '0')

/*
 * flags used during conversion.
 */
#define ALT             0x001           /* alternate form */
#define HEXPREFIX       0x002           /* add 0x or 0X prefix */
#define LADJUST         0x004           /* left adjustment */
#define LONGDBL         0x008           /* long double; unimplemented */
#define LONGINT         0x010           /* long integer */
#define QUADINT         0x020           /* quad integer */
#define SHORTINT        0x040           /* short integer */
#define MAXINT          0x080           /* intmax_t */
#define PTRINT          0x100           /* intptr_t */
#define SIZEINT         0x200           /* size_t */
#define ZEROPAD         0x400           /* zero (as opposed to blank) pad */
#define FPT             0x800           /* Floating point number */

        /*
         * To extend shorts properly, we need both signed and unsigned
         * argument extraction methods.
         */
#define SARG() \
        (flags&MAXINT ? va_arg(ap, intmax_t) : \
            flags&PTRINT ? va_arg(ap, intptr_t) : \
            flags&SIZEINT ? va_arg(ap, ssize_t) : /* XXX */ \
            flags&QUADINT ? va_arg(ap, quad_t) : \
            flags&LONGINT ? va_arg(ap, long) : \
            flags&SHORTINT ? (long)(short)va_arg(ap, int) : \
            (long)va_arg(ap, int))
#define UARG() \
        (flags&MAXINT ? va_arg(ap, uintmax_t) : \
            flags&PTRINT ? va_arg(ap, uintptr_t) : \
            flags&SIZEINT ? va_arg(ap, size_t) : \
            flags&QUADINT ? va_arg(ap, u_quad_t) : \
            flags&LONGINT ? va_arg(ap, u_long) : \
            flags&SHORTINT ? (u_long)(u_short)va_arg(ap, int) : \
            (u_long)va_arg(ap, u_int))

#define KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(C) {                                            \
        if (oflags == TOBUFONLY) {                                      \
                if (sbuf && ((vp == NULL) || (sbuf < tailp)))           \
                        *sbuf++ = (C);                                  \
        } else {                                                        \
                putchar((C), oflags, vp);                               \
        }                                                               \
}

void
device_printf(device_t dev, const char *fmt, ...)
{
        va_list ap;

        kprintf_lock();
        kprintf_internal("%s: ", TOCONS|TOLOG, NULL, NULL, device_xname(dev));
        va_start(ap, fmt);
        kprintf(fmt, TOCONS|TOLOG, NULL, NULL, ap);
        va_end(ap);
        kprintf_unlock();
}

/*
 * Guts of kernel printf.  Note, we already expect to be in a mutex!
 */
int
kprintf(const char *fmt0, int oflags, void *vp, char *sbuf, va_list ap)
{
        const char *fmt;        /* format string */
        int ch;                 /* character from fmt */
        int n;                  /* handy integer (short term usage) */
        char *cp;               /* handy char pointer (short term usage) */
        int flags;              /* flags as above */
        int ret;                /* return value accumulator */
        int width;              /* width from format (%8d), or 0 */
        int prec;               /* precision from format (%.3d), or -1 */
        char sign;              /* sign prefix (' ', '+', '-', or \0) */

        u_quad_t _uquad;        /* integer arguments %[diouxX] */
        enum { OCT, DEC, HEX } base;/* base for [diouxX] conversion */
        int dprec;              /* a copy of prec if [diouxX], 0 otherwise */
        int realsz;             /* field size expanded by dprec */
        int size;               /* size of converted field or string */
        const char *xdigs;      /* digits for [xX] conversion */
        char bf[KPRINTF_BUFSIZE]; /* space for %c, %[diouxX] */
        char *tailp;            /* tail pointer for snprintf */

        if (oflags == TOBUFONLY && (vp != NULL))
                tailp = *(char **)vp;
        else
                tailp = NULL;

        cp = NULL;      /* XXX: shutup gcc */
        size = 0;       /* XXX: shutup gcc */

        fmt = fmt0;
        ret = 0;

        xdigs = NULL;           /* XXX: shut up gcc warning */

        /*
         * Scan the format for conversions (`%' character).
         */
        for (;;) {
                for (; *fmt != '%' && *fmt; fmt++) {
                        ret++;
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(*fmt);
                }
                if (*fmt == 0)
                        goto done;

                fmt++;          /* skip over '%' */

                flags = 0;
                dprec = 0;
                width = 0;
                prec = -1;
                sign = '\0';

rflag:          ch = *fmt++;
reswitch:       switch (ch) {
                case ' ':
                        /*
                         * ``If the space and + flags both appear, the space
                         * flag will be ignored.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         */
                        if (!sign)
                                sign = ' ';
                        goto rflag;
                case '#':
                        flags |= ALT;
                        goto rflag;
                case '*':
                        /*
                         * ``A negative field width argument is taken as a
                         * - flag followed by a positive field width.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         * They don't exclude field widths read from args.
                         */
                        if ((width = va_arg(ap, int)) >= 0)
                                goto rflag;
                        width = -width;
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                case '-':
                        flags |= LADJUST;
                        goto rflag;
                case '+':
                        sign = '+';
                        goto rflag;
                case '.':
                        if ((ch = *fmt++) == '*') {
                                n = va_arg(ap, int);
                                prec = n < 0 ? -1 : n;
                                goto rflag;
                        }
                        n = 0;
                        while (is_digit(ch)) {
                                n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
                                ch = *fmt++;
                        }
                        prec = n < 0 ? -1 : n;
                        goto reswitch;
                case '0':
                        /*
                         * ``Note that 0 is taken as a flag, not as the
                         * beginning of a field width.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         */
                        flags |= ZEROPAD;
                        goto rflag;
                case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
                case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
                        n = 0;
                        do {
                                n = 10 * n + to_digit(ch);
                                ch = *fmt++;
                        } while (is_digit(ch));
                        width = n;
                        goto reswitch;
                case 'h':
                        flags |= SHORTINT;
                        goto rflag;
                case 'j':
                        flags |= MAXINT;
                        goto rflag;
                case 'l':
                        if (*fmt == 'l') {
                                fmt++;
                                flags |= QUADINT;
                        } else {
                                flags |= LONGINT;
                        }
                        goto rflag;
                case 'q':
                        flags |= QUADINT;
                        goto rflag;
                case 't':
                        flags |= PTRINT;
                        goto rflag;
                case 'z':
                        flags |= SIZEINT;
                        goto rflag;
                case 'c':
                        *(cp = bf) = va_arg(ap, int);
                        size = 1;
                        sign = '\0';
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        flags |= LONGINT;
                        /*FALLTHROUGH*/
                case 'd':
                case 'i':
                        _uquad = SARG();
                        if ((quad_t)_uquad < 0) {
                                _uquad = -_uquad;
                                sign = '-';
                        }
                        base = DEC;
                        goto number;
                case 'n':
                        /* no %n support in the kernel, consume and skip */
                        if (flags & MAXINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, intmax_t *);
                        else if (flags & PTRINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, intptr_t *);
                        else if (flags & SIZEINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, ssize_t *);
                        else if (flags & QUADINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, quad_t *);
                        else if (flags & LONGINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, long *);
                        else if (flags & SHORTINT)
                                (void)va_arg(ap, short *);
                        else
                                (void)va_arg(ap, int *);
                        continue;       /* no output */
                case 'O':
                        flags |= LONGINT;
                        /*FALLTHROUGH*/
                case 'o':
                        _uquad = UARG();
                        base = OCT;
                        goto nosign;
                case 'p':
                        /*
                         * ``The argument shall be a pointer to void.  The
                         * value of the pointer is converted to a sequence
                         * of printable characters, in an implementation-
                         * defined manner.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         */
                        /* NOSTRICT */
                        _uquad = (u_long)va_arg(ap, void *);
                        base = HEX;
                        xdigs = hexdigits;
                        flags |= HEXPREFIX;
                        ch = 'x';
                        goto nosign;
                case 's':
                        if ((cp = va_arg(ap, char *)) == NULL)
                                /*XXXUNCONST*/
                                cp = __UNCONST("(null)");
                        if (prec >= 0) {
                                /*
                                 * can't use strlen; can only look for the
                                 * NUL in the first `prec' characters, and
                                 * strlen() will go further.
                                 */
                                char *p = memchr(cp, 0, prec);

                                if (p != NULL) {
                                        size = p - cp;
                                        if (size > prec)
                                                size = prec;
                                } else
                                        size = prec;
                        } else
                                size = strlen(cp);
                        sign = '\0';
                        break;
                case 'U':
                        flags |= LONGINT;
                        /*FALLTHROUGH*/
                case 'u':
                        _uquad = UARG();
                        base = DEC;
                        goto nosign;
                case 'X':
                        xdigs = HEXDIGITS;
                        goto hex;
                case 'x':
                        xdigs = hexdigits;
hex:                    _uquad = UARG();
                        base = HEX;
                        /* leading 0x/X only if non-zero */
                        if (flags & ALT && _uquad != 0)
                                flags |= HEXPREFIX;

                        /* unsigned conversions */
nosign:                 sign = '\0';
                        /*
                         * ``... diouXx conversions ... if a precision is
                         * specified, the 0 flag will be ignored.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         */
number:                 if ((dprec = prec) >= 0)
                                flags &= ~ZEROPAD;

                        /*
                         * ``The result of converting a zero value with an
                         * explicit precision of zero is no characters.''
                         *      -- ANSI X3J11
                         */
                        cp = bf + KPRINTF_BUFSIZE;
                        if (_uquad != 0 || prec != 0) {
                                /*
                                 * Unsigned mod is hard, and unsigned mod
                                 * by a constant is easier than that by
                                 * a variable; hence this switch.
                                 */
                                switch (base) {
                                case OCT:
                                        do {
                                                *--cp = to_char(_uquad & 7);
                                                _uquad >>= 3;
                                        } while (_uquad);
                                        /* handle octal leading 0 */
                                        if (flags & ALT && *cp != '0')
                                                *--cp = '0';
                                        break;

                                case DEC:
                                        /* many numbers are 1 digit */
                                        while (_uquad >= 10) {
                                                *--cp = to_char(_uquad % 10);
                                                _uquad /= 10;
                                        }
                                        *--cp = to_char(_uquad);
                                        break;

                                case HEX:
                                        do {
                                                *--cp = xdigs[_uquad & 15];
                                                _uquad >>= 4;
                                        } while (_uquad);
                                        break;

                                default:
                                        /*XXXUNCONST*/
                                        cp = __UNCONST("bug in kprintf: bad base");
                                        size = strlen(cp);
                                        goto skipsize;
                                }
                        }
                        size = bf + KPRINTF_BUFSIZE - cp;
                skipsize:
                        break;
                default:        /* "%?" prints ?, unless ? is NUL */
                        if (ch == '\0')
                                goto done;
                        /* pretend it was %c with argument ch */
                        cp = bf;
                        *cp = ch;
                        size = 1;
                        sign = '\0';
                        break;
                }

                /*
                 * All reasonable formats wind up here.  At this point, `cp'
                 * points to a string which (if not flags&LADJUST) should be
                 * padded out to `width' places.  If flags&ZEROPAD, it should
                 * first be prefixed by any sign or other prefix; otherwise,
                 * it should be blank padded before the prefix is emitted.
                 * After any left-hand padding and prefixing, emit zeroes
                 * required by a decimal [diouxX] precision, then print the
                 * string proper, then emit zeroes required by any leftover
                 * floating precision; finally, if LADJUST, pad with blanks.
                 *
                 * Compute actual size, so we know how much to pad.
                 * size excludes decimal prec; realsz includes it.
                 */
                realsz = dprec > size ? dprec : size;
                if (sign)
                        realsz++;
                else if (flags & HEXPREFIX)
                        realsz+= 2;

                /* adjust ret */
                ret += width > realsz ? width : realsz;

                /* right-adjusting blank padding */
                if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == 0) {
                        n = width - realsz;
                        while (n-- > 0)
                                KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(' ');
                }

                /* prefix */
                if (sign) {
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(sign);
                } else if (flags & HEXPREFIX) {
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR('0');
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(ch);
                }

                /* right-adjusting zero padding */
                if ((flags & (LADJUST|ZEROPAD)) == ZEROPAD) {
                        n = width - realsz;
                        while (n-- > 0)
                                KPRINTF_PUTCHAR('0');
                }

                /* leading zeroes from decimal precision */
                n = dprec - size;
                while (n-- > 0)
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR('0');

                /* the string or number proper */
                for (; size--; cp++)
                        KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(*cp);
                /* left-adjusting padding (always blank) */
                if (flags & LADJUST) {
                        n = width - realsz;
                        while (n-- > 0)
                                KPRINTF_PUTCHAR(' ');
                }
        }

done:
        if ((oflags == TOBUFONLY) && (vp != NULL))
                *(char **)vp = sbuf;
        (*v_flush)();

#ifdef RND_PRINTF
        if (__predict_true(kprintf_inited))
                rnd_add_data_intr(&rnd_printf_source, NULL, 0, 0);
#endif
        return ret;
}