root/sys/dev/i2c/lm75.c
/*      $NetBSD: lm75.c,v 1.51 2026/05/27 10:35:22 jdc Exp $    */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
 *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
 * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
 *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
 *    written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: lm75.c,v 1.51 2026/05/27 10:35:22 jdc Exp $");

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>

#include <dev/sysmon/sysmonvar.h>

#include <dev/i2c/i2cvar.h>
#include <dev/i2c/lm75reg.h>

struct lmtemp_softc {
        device_t sc_dev;
        i2c_tag_t sc_tag;
        int sc_address;

        struct sysmon_envsys *sc_sme;
        envsys_data_t sc_sensor;
        int sc_tmax;
        uint32_t sc_smax, sc_smin, sc_scrit;

        uint32_t (*sc_lmtemp_decode)(const uint8_t *, int);
        void (*sc_lmtemp_encode)(const uint32_t, uint8_t *, int);
};

static int  lmtemp_match(device_t, cfdata_t, void *);
static void lmtemp_attach(device_t, device_t, void *);

CFATTACH_DECL_NEW(lmtemp, sizeof(struct lmtemp_softc),
        lmtemp_match, lmtemp_attach, NULL, NULL);

static void     lmtemp_refresh(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *);
static int      lmtemp_config_write(struct lmtemp_softc *, uint8_t);
static int      lmtemp_temp_write(struct lmtemp_softc *, uint8_t, uint32_t,
                                int);
static int      lmtemp_temp_read(struct lmtemp_softc *, uint8_t, uint32_t *,
                                int);
static uint32_t lmtemp_decode_lm75(const uint8_t *, int);
static uint32_t lmtemp_decode_ds75(const uint8_t *, int);
static uint32_t lmtemp_decode_lm77(const uint8_t *, int);
static void     lmtemp_encode_lm75(const uint32_t, uint8_t *, int);
static void     lmtemp_encode_ds75(const uint32_t, uint8_t *, int);
static void     lmtemp_encode_lm77(const uint32_t, uint8_t *, int);
static void     lmtemp_getlim_lm75(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);
static void     lmtemp_getlim_lm77(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);
static void     lmtemp_setlim_lm75(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);
static void     lmtemp_setlim_lm77(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);

static void     lmtemp_setup_sysctl(struct lmtemp_softc *);
static int      sysctl_lm75_temp(SYSCTLFN_ARGS);

enum {
        lmtemp_lm75 = 0,
        lmtemp_ds75 = 1,
        lmtemp_lm77 = 2,
};

static const struct device_compatible_entry compat_data[] = {
        { .compat = "national,lm75",    .value = lmtemp_lm75 },
        { .compat = "i2c-lm75",         .value = lmtemp_lm75 },
        { .compat = "lm75",             .value = lmtemp_lm75 },

        /* XXX Linux treats ds1775 and ds75 differently. */
        { .compat = "dallas,ds1775",    .value = lmtemp_ds75 },
        { .compat = "ds1775",           .value = lmtemp_ds75 },

        { .compat = "national,lm77",    .value = lmtemp_lm77 },

        /*
         * see XXX in _attach() below: add code once non-lm75 matches are
         * added here!
         */
        DEVICE_COMPAT_EOL
};

static const struct {
        const char *lmtemp_name;
        int lmtemp_addrmask;
        int lmtemp_addr;
        uint32_t (*lmtemp_decode)(const uint8_t *, int);
        void (*lmtemp_encode)(const uint32_t, uint8_t *, int);
        void (*lmtemp_getlim)(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);
        void (*lmtemp_setlim)(struct sysmon_envsys *, envsys_data_t *,
                sysmon_envsys_lim_t *, uint32_t *);
} lmtemptbl[] = {
[lmtemp_lm75] =
        {
                .lmtemp_name = "LM75",
                .lmtemp_addrmask = LM75_ADDRMASK,
                .lmtemp_addr = LM75_ADDR,
                .lmtemp_decode = lmtemp_decode_lm75,
                .lmtemp_encode = lmtemp_encode_lm75,
                .lmtemp_getlim = lmtemp_getlim_lm75,
                .lmtemp_setlim = lmtemp_setlim_lm75,
        },
[lmtemp_ds75] =
        {
                .lmtemp_name = "DS75",
                .lmtemp_addrmask = LM75_ADDRMASK,
                .lmtemp_addr = LM75_ADDR,
                .lmtemp_decode = lmtemp_decode_ds75,
                .lmtemp_encode = lmtemp_encode_ds75,
                .lmtemp_getlim = lmtemp_getlim_lm75,
                .lmtemp_setlim = lmtemp_setlim_lm75,
        },
[lmtemp_lm77] =
        {
                .lmtemp_name = "LM77",
                .lmtemp_addrmask = LM77_ADDRMASK,
                .lmtemp_addr = LM77_ADDR,
                .lmtemp_decode = lmtemp_decode_lm77,
                .lmtemp_encode = lmtemp_encode_lm77,
                .lmtemp_getlim = lmtemp_getlim_lm77,
                .lmtemp_setlim = lmtemp_setlim_lm77,
        },
};

static int
lmtemp_match(device_t parent, cfdata_t cf, void *aux)
{
        struct i2c_attach_args *ia = aux;
        int i, match_result;

        if (iic_use_direct_match(ia, cf, compat_data, &match_result))
                return match_result;

        /*
         * Indirect config - not much we can do!
         */
        for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(lmtemptbl); i++) {
                if (i == cf->cf_flags) {
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (i == __arraycount(lmtemptbl)) {
                return 0;
        }

        if ((ia->ia_addr & lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_addrmask) ==
            lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_addr)
                return I2C_MATCH_ADDRESS_ONLY;

        return 0;
}

static void
lmtemp_attach(device_t parent, device_t self, void *aux)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = device_private(self);
        struct i2c_attach_args *ia = aux;
        const struct device_compatible_entry *dce;
        char name[64];
        int i;
        uint8_t config = LM75_CONFIG_FAULT_QUEUE_4;

        sc->sc_dev = self;
        dce = iic_compatible_lookup(ia, compat_data);
        if (dce != NULL) {
                i = (int)dce->value;
        } else {
                for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(lmtemptbl); i++) {
                        if (i == device_cfdata(self)->cf_flags) {
                                break;
                        }
                }
                KASSERT(i < __arraycount(lmtemptbl));
        }

        sc->sc_tag = ia->ia_tag;
        sc->sc_address = ia->ia_addr;

        aprint_naive(": Temperature Sensor\n");
        if (ia->ia_name) {
                aprint_normal(": %s %s Temperature Sensor\n", ia->ia_name,
                        lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_name);
        } else {
                aprint_normal(": %s Temperature Sensor\n",
                        lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_name);
        }

        sc->sc_lmtemp_decode = lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_decode;
        sc->sc_lmtemp_encode = lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_encode;

        if (iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0)) {
                aprint_error_dev(self,
                    "unable to acquire I2C bus\n");
                return;
        }

        /* Read temperature limit(s) and remember initial value(s). */
        if (i == lmtemp_lm77) {
                if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_TCRIT_SET_POINT,
                    &sc->sc_scrit, 1) != 0) {
                        aprint_error_dev(self,
                            "unable to read low register\n");
                        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                        return;
                }
                if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_TLOW_SET_POINT,
                    &sc->sc_smin, 1) != 0) {
                        aprint_error_dev(self,
                            "unable to read low register\n");
                        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                        return;
                }
                if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_THIGH_SET_POINT,
                    &sc->sc_smax, 1) != 0) {
                        aprint_error_dev(self,
                            "unable to read high register\n");
                        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                        return;
                }
        } else {        /* LM75 or compatible */
                if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM75_REG_TOS_SET_POINT,
                    &sc->sc_smax, 1) != 0) {
                        aprint_error_dev(self, "unable to read Tos register\n");
                        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                        return;
                }
        }
        sc->sc_tmax = sc->sc_smax;

        if (i == lmtemp_lm75)
                lmtemp_setup_sysctl(sc);

        /* DS75 has better resolution */
        if (i == lmtemp_ds75)
                config = LM75_CONFIG_FAULT_QUEUE_4 | DS75_CONFIG_RES_11BIT;
                
        /* Set the configuration of the LM75 to defaults. */
        if (lmtemp_config_write(sc, config) != 0) {
                aprint_error_dev(self, "unable to write config register\n");
                iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                return;
        }
        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);

        sc->sc_sme = sysmon_envsys_create();
        /* Initialize sensor data. */
        sc->sc_sensor.units = ENVSYS_STEMP;
        sc->sc_sensor.state = ENVSYS_SINVALID;
        sc->sc_sensor.flags = ENVSYS_FMONLIMITS | ENVSYS_FHAS_ENTROPY;

        (void)strlcpy(name,
            ia->ia_name? ia->ia_name : device_xname(self),
            sizeof(sc->sc_sensor.desc));

        device_getprop_string(self, "s00", name, sizeof(name));

        (void)strlcpy(sc->sc_sensor.desc, name,
            sizeof(sc->sc_sensor.desc));
        if (sysmon_envsys_sensor_attach(sc->sc_sme, &sc->sc_sensor)) {
                sysmon_envsys_destroy(sc->sc_sme);
                return;
        }

        /* Hook into system monitor. */
        sc->sc_sme->sme_name = device_xname(self);
        sc->sc_sme->sme_cookie = sc;
        sc->sc_sme->sme_refresh = lmtemp_refresh;
        sc->sc_sme->sme_get_limits = lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_getlim;
        sc->sc_sme->sme_set_limits = lmtemptbl[i].lmtemp_setlim;

        if (sysmon_envsys_register(sc->sc_sme)) {
                aprint_error_dev(self, "unable to register with sysmon\n");
                sysmon_envsys_destroy(sc->sc_sme);
        }
}

static int
lmtemp_config_write(struct lmtemp_softc *sc, uint8_t val)
{
        uint8_t cmdbuf[2];

        cmdbuf[0] = LM75_REG_CONFIG;
        cmdbuf[1] = val;

        return iic_exec(sc->sc_tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP,
            sc->sc_address, cmdbuf, 1, &cmdbuf[1], 1, 0);
}

static int
lmtemp_temp_write(struct lmtemp_softc *sc, uint8_t reg, uint32_t val, int degc)
{
        uint8_t cmdbuf[3];

        cmdbuf[0] = reg;
        sc->sc_lmtemp_encode(val, &cmdbuf[1], degc);

        return iic_exec(sc->sc_tag, I2C_OP_WRITE_WITH_STOP,
            sc->sc_address, cmdbuf, 1, &cmdbuf[1], 2, 0);
}

static int
lmtemp_temp_read(struct lmtemp_softc *sc, uint8_t which, uint32_t *valp,
    int degc)
{
        int error;
        uint8_t cmdbuf[1];
        uint8_t buf[LM75_TEMP_LEN];

        cmdbuf[0] = which;

        error = iic_exec(sc->sc_tag, I2C_OP_READ_WITH_STOP,
            sc->sc_address, cmdbuf, 1, buf, LM75_TEMP_LEN, 0);
        if (error)
                return error;

        *valp = sc->sc_lmtemp_decode(buf, degc);
        return 0;
}

static void
lmtemp_refresh_sensor_data(struct lmtemp_softc *sc)
{
        uint32_t val;
        int error;

        error = lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM75_REG_TEMP, &val, 0);
        if (error) {
#if 0
                aprint_error_dev(sc->sc_dev, "unable to read temperature, error = %d\n",
                    error);
#endif
                sc->sc_sensor.state = ENVSYS_SINVALID;
                return;
        }

        sc->sc_sensor.value_cur = val;
        sc->sc_sensor.state = ENVSYS_SVALID;
}

static void
lmtemp_refresh(struct sysmon_envsys *sme, envsys_data_t *edata)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = sme->sme_cookie;

        if (iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0))     /* also locks our instance */
                return;
        lmtemp_refresh_sensor_data(sc);
        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0); /* also unlocks our instance */
}

static void
lmtemp_getlim_lm75(struct sysmon_envsys *sme, envsys_data_t *edata,
    sysmon_envsys_lim_t *limits, uint32_t *props)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = sme->sme_cookie;
        uint32_t val;

        *props &= ~(PROP_CRITMAX);

        if (iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0))
                return;
        if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM75_REG_TOS_SET_POINT, &val, 0) == 0) {
                limits->sel_critmax = val;
                *props |= PROP_CRITMAX;
        }
        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
}

static void
lmtemp_getlim_lm77(struct sysmon_envsys *sme, envsys_data_t *edata,
    sysmon_envsys_lim_t *limits, uint32_t *props)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = sme->sme_cookie;
        uint32_t val;

        *props &= ~(PROP_CRITMAX | PROP_WARNMAX | PROP_WARNMIN);

        if (iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0))
                return;
        if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_TCRIT_SET_POINT, &val, 0) == 0) {
                limits->sel_critmax = val;
                *props |= PROP_CRITMAX;
        }
        if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_THIGH_SET_POINT, &val, 0) == 0) {
                limits->sel_warnmax = val;
                *props |= PROP_WARNMAX;
        }
        if (lmtemp_temp_read(sc, LM77_REG_TLOW_SET_POINT, &val, 0) == 0) {
                limits->sel_warnmin = val;
                *props |= PROP_WARNMIN;
        }
        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
}

static void
lmtemp_setlim_lm75(struct sysmon_envsys *sme, envsys_data_t *edata,
    sysmon_envsys_lim_t *limits, uint32_t *props)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = sme->sme_cookie;
        int32_t limit;
        int degc;

        if (limits == NULL || *props & PROP_CRITMAX) {
                if (limits == NULL) {   /* Restore defaults */
                        limit = sc->sc_smax;
                        degc = 1;
                } else {
                        limit = limits->sel_critmax;
                        degc = 0;
                }
                if (iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0))
                        return;
                lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM75_REG_THYST_SET_POINT,
                    limit - 5000000, degc);
                lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM75_REG_TOS_SET_POINT, limit, degc);
                iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);

                /* Synchronise sysctl */
                sc->sc_tmax = (limit - 273150000) / 1000000;
        }
}

static void
lmtemp_setlim_lm77(struct sysmon_envsys *sme, envsys_data_t *edata,
    sysmon_envsys_lim_t *limits, uint32_t *props)
{
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = sme->sme_cookie;
        int32_t limit;
        int degc;

        iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
        if (limits == NULL || *props & PROP_CRITMAX) {
                if (limits == NULL) {   /* Restore defaults */
                        limit = sc->sc_scrit;
                        degc = 1;
                } else {
                        limit = limits->sel_critmax;
                        degc = 0;
                }
                lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM77_REG_TCRIT_SET_POINT, limit, degc);
        }
        if (limits == NULL || *props & PROP_WARNMAX) {
                if (limits == NULL) {   /* Restore defaults */
                        limit = sc->sc_smax;
                        degc = 1;
                } else {
                        limit = limits->sel_warnmax;
                        degc = 0;
                }
                lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM77_REG_THIGH_SET_POINT, limit, degc);
        }
        if (limits == NULL || *props & PROP_WARNMIN) {
                if (limits == NULL) {   /* Restore defaults */
                        limit = sc->sc_smin;
                        degc = 1;
                } else {
                        limit = limits->sel_warnmin;
                        degc = 0;
                }
                lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM77_REG_TLOW_SET_POINT, limit, degc);
        }
        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
}

static uint32_t
lmtemp_decode_lm75(const uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;
        uint32_t val;

        /*
         * LM75 temps are the most-significant 9 bits of a 16-bit reg.
         * sign-extend the MSB and add in the 0.5 from the LSB
         */
        temp = (int8_t) buf[0];
        temp = (temp << 1) + ((buf[1] >> 7) & 0x1);

        /* Temp is given in 1/2 deg. C, we convert to C or uK. */
        if (degc)
                val = temp / 2;
        else
                val = temp * 500000 + 273150000;

        return val;
}

static uint32_t
lmtemp_decode_ds75(const uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;

        /*
         * Sign-extend the MSB byte, and add in the fractions of a
         * degree contained in the LSB (precision 1/16th DegC).
         */
        temp = (int8_t)buf[0];
        temp = (temp << 4) | ((buf[1] >> 4) & 0xf);

        /*
         * Conversion to C or uK is simple.
         */
        if (degc)
                return temp / 16;
        else
                return (temp * 62500 + 273150000);
}

static uint32_t
lmtemp_decode_lm77(const uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;
        uint32_t val;

        /*
         * Describe each bits of temperature registers on LM77.
         *   D15 - D12: Sign
         *   D11 - D3 : Bit8(MSB) - Bit0
         */
        temp = (int8_t)buf[0];
        temp = (temp << 5) | ((buf[1] >> 3) & 0x1f);

        /* Temp is given in 1/2 deg. C, we convert to C or uK. */
        if (degc)
                val = temp / 2;
        else
                val = temp * 500000 + 273150000;

        return val;
}

static void lmtemp_encode_lm75(const uint32_t val, uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;

        /* Convert from C or uK to register format */
        if (degc)
                temp = val * 2;
        else
                temp = (val - 273150000) / 500000;
        buf[0] = (temp >> 1) & 0xff;
        buf[1] = (temp & 1) << 7;
}

static void lmtemp_encode_ds75(const uint32_t val, uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;

        /* Convert from C or uK to register format */
        if (degc)
                temp = val * 16;
        else
                temp = (val - 273150000) / 62500;
        buf[0] = (temp >> 4) & 0xff;
        buf[1] = (temp & 0xf) << 4;
}

static void lmtemp_encode_lm77(const uint32_t val, uint8_t *buf, int degc)
{
        int temp;

        /* Convert from C or uK to register format */
        if (degc)
                temp = val * 2;
        else
                temp = (val - 273150000) / 500000;
        buf[0] = (temp >> 5) & 0xff;
        buf[1] = (temp & 0x1f) << 3;
}

static void
lmtemp_setup_sysctl(struct lmtemp_softc *sc)
{
        const struct sysctlnode *me = NULL, *node = NULL;

        sysctl_createv(NULL, 0, NULL, &me,
            CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
            CTLTYPE_NODE, device_xname(sc->sc_dev), NULL,
            NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
            CTL_MACHDEP, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);

        sysctl_createv(NULL, 0, NULL, &node,
            CTLFLAG_READWRITE | CTLFLAG_OWNDESC,
            CTLTYPE_INT, "temp", "Threshold temperature",
            sysctl_lm75_temp, 1, (void *)sc, 0,
            CTL_MACHDEP, me->sysctl_num, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
}

static int
sysctl_lm75_temp(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
{
        struct sysctlnode node = *rnode;
        struct lmtemp_softc *sc = node.sysctl_data;
        int temp, error;

        if (newp) {

                /* we're asked to write */
                node.sysctl_data = &sc->sc_tmax;
                if (sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node)) == 0) {

                        temp = *(int *)node.sysctl_data;
                        sc->sc_tmax = temp;
                        error = iic_acquire_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);
                        if (error)
                                return error;
                        lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM75_REG_THYST_SET_POINT,
                            sc->sc_tmax - 5, 1);
                        lmtemp_temp_write(sc, LM75_REG_TOS_SET_POINT,
                            sc->sc_tmax, 1);
                        iic_release_bus(sc->sc_tag, 0);

                        /* Synchronise envsys - calls lmtemp_getlim_lm75() */
                        sysmon_envsys_update_limits(sc->sc_sme, &sc->sc_sensor);
                        return 0;
                }
                return EINVAL;
        } else {

                node.sysctl_data = &sc->sc_tmax;
                node.sysctl_size = 4;
                return (sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node)));
        }

        return 0;
}

SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_lmtemp_setup, "sysctl lmtemp subtree setup")
{

        sysctl_createv(NULL, 0, NULL, NULL,
                       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
                       CTLTYPE_NODE, "machdep", NULL,
                       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
                       CTL_MACHDEP, CTL_EOL);
}