/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __LINUX_DCACHE_H
#define __LINUX_DCACHE_H

#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/math.h>
#include <linux/rculist.h>
#include <linux/rculist_bl.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/seqlock.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/lockref.h>
#include <linux/stringhash.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>

struct path;
struct file;
struct vfsmount;

/*
 * linux/include/linux/dcache.h
 *
 * Dirent cache data structures
 *
 * (C) Copyright 1997 Thomas Schoebel-Theuer,
 * with heavy changes by Linus Torvalds
 */

#define IS_ROOT(x) ((x) == (x)->d_parent)

/* The hash is always the low bits of hash_len */
#ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN
 #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 hash; u32 len
 #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)       (~(~0ul << (cnt)*8))
#else
 #define HASH_LEN_DECLARE u32 len; u32 hash
 #define bytemask_from_count(cnt)       (~(~0ul >> (cnt)*8))
#endif

/*
 * "quick string" -- eases parameter passing, but more importantly
 * saves "metadata" about the string (ie length and the hash).
 *
 * hash comes first so it snuggles against d_parent in the
 * dentry.
 */
struct qstr {
        union {
                struct {
                        HASH_LEN_DECLARE;
                };
                u64 hash_len;
        };
        const unsigned char *name;
};

#define QSTR_INIT(n,l) { { { .len = l } }, .name = n }
#define QSTR_LEN(n,l) (struct qstr)QSTR_INIT(n,l)
#define QSTR(n) QSTR_LEN(n, strlen(n))

extern const struct qstr empty_name;
extern const struct qstr slash_name;
extern const struct qstr dotdot_name;

/*
 * Try to keep struct dentry aligned on 64 byte cachelines (this will
 * give reasonable cacheline footprint with larger lines without the
 * large memory footprint increase).
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
# define DNAME_INLINE_WORDS 5 /* 192 bytes */
#else
# ifdef CONFIG_SMP
#  define DNAME_INLINE_WORDS 9 /* 128 bytes */
# else
#  define DNAME_INLINE_WORDS 11 /* 128 bytes */
# endif
#endif

#define DNAME_INLINE_LEN (DNAME_INLINE_WORDS*sizeof(unsigned long))

union shortname_store {
        unsigned char string[DNAME_INLINE_LEN];
        unsigned long words[DNAME_INLINE_WORDS];
};

#define d_lock  d_lockref.lock
#define d_iname d_shortname.string

struct dentry {
        /* RCU lookup touched fields */
        unsigned int d_flags;           /* protected by d_lock */
        seqcount_spinlock_t d_seq;      /* per dentry seqlock */
        struct hlist_bl_node d_hash;    /* lookup hash list */
        struct dentry *d_parent;        /* parent directory */
        union {
        struct qstr __d_name;           /* for use ONLY in fs/dcache.c */
        const struct qstr d_name;
        };
        struct inode *d_inode;          /* Where the name belongs to - NULL is
                                         * negative */
        union shortname_store d_shortname;
        /* --- cacheline 1 boundary (64 bytes) was 32 bytes ago --- */

        /* Ref lookup also touches following */
        const struct dentry_operations *d_op;
        struct super_block *d_sb;       /* The root of the dentry tree */
        unsigned long d_time;           /* used by d_revalidate */
        void *d_fsdata;                 /* fs-specific data */
        /* --- cacheline 2 boundary (128 bytes) --- */
        struct lockref d_lockref;       /* per-dentry lock and refcount
                                         * keep separate from RCU lookup area if
                                         * possible!
                                         */

        union {
                struct list_head d_lru;         /* LRU list */
                wait_queue_head_t *d_wait;      /* in-lookup ones only */
        };
        struct hlist_node d_sib;        /* child of parent list */
        struct hlist_head d_children;   /* our children */
        /*
         * d_alias and d_rcu can share memory
         */
        union {
                struct hlist_node d_alias;      /* inode alias list */
                struct hlist_bl_node d_in_lookup_hash;  /* only for in-lookup ones */
                struct rcu_head d_rcu;
        } d_u;
};

/*
 * dentry->d_lock spinlock nesting subclasses:
 *
 * 0: normal
 * 1: nested
 */
enum dentry_d_lock_class
{
        DENTRY_D_LOCK_NORMAL, /* implicitly used by plain spin_lock() APIs. */
        DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED
};

enum d_real_type {
        D_REAL_DATA,
        D_REAL_METADATA,
};

struct dentry_operations {
        int (*d_revalidate)(struct inode *, const struct qstr *,
                            struct dentry *, unsigned int);
        int (*d_weak_revalidate)(struct dentry *, unsigned int);
        int (*d_hash)(const struct dentry *, struct qstr *);
        int (*d_compare)(const struct dentry *,
                        unsigned int, const char *, const struct qstr *);
        int (*d_delete)(const struct dentry *);
        int (*d_init)(struct dentry *);
        void (*d_release)(struct dentry *);
        void (*d_prune)(struct dentry *);
        void (*d_iput)(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
        char *(*d_dname)(struct dentry *, char *, int);
        struct vfsmount *(*d_automount)(struct path *);
        int (*d_manage)(const struct path *, bool);
        struct dentry *(*d_real)(struct dentry *, enum d_real_type type);
        bool (*d_unalias_trylock)(const struct dentry *);
        void (*d_unalias_unlock)(const struct dentry *);
} ____cacheline_aligned;

/*
 * Locking rules for dentry_operations callbacks are to be found in
 * Documentation/filesystems/locking.rst. Keep it updated!
 *
 * FUrther descriptions are found in Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst.
 * Keep it updated too!
 */

/* d_flags entries */
enum dentry_flags {
        DCACHE_OP_HASH                  = BIT(0),
        DCACHE_OP_COMPARE               = BIT(1),
        DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE            = BIT(2),
        DCACHE_OP_DELETE                = BIT(3),
        DCACHE_OP_PRUNE                 = BIT(4),
        /*
         * This dentry is possibly not currently connected to the dcache tree,
         * in which case its parent will either be itself, or will have this
         * flag as well.  nfsd will not use a dentry with this bit set, but will
         * first endeavour to clear the bit either by discovering that it is
         * connected, or by performing lookup operations.  Any filesystem which
         * supports nfsd_operations MUST have a lookup function which, if it
         * finds a directory inode with a DCACHE_DISCONNECTED dentry, will
         * d_move that dentry into place and return that dentry rather than the
         * passed one, typically using d_splice_alias.
         */
        DCACHE_DISCONNECTED             = BIT(5),
        DCACHE_REFERENCED               = BIT(6),       /* Recently used, don't discard. */
        DCACHE_DONTCACHE                = BIT(7),       /* Purge from memory on final dput() */
        DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT               = BIT(8),
        DCACHE_SHRINK_LIST              = BIT(10),
        DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE       = BIT(11),
        /*
         * this dentry has been "silly renamed" and has to be deleted on the
         * last dput()
         */
        DCACHE_NFSFS_RENAMED            = BIT(12),
        DCACHE_FSNOTIFY_PARENT_WATCHED  = BIT(13),      /* Parent inode is watched by some fsnotify listener */
        DCACHE_DENTRY_KILLED            = BIT(14),
        DCACHE_MOUNTED                  = BIT(15),      /* is a mountpoint */
        DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT           = BIT(16),      /* handle automount on this dir */
        DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT           = BIT(17),      /* manage transit from this dirent */
        DCACHE_LRU_LIST                 = BIT(18),
        DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE               = (7 << 19),    /* bits 19..21 are for storing type: */
        DCACHE_MISS_TYPE                = (0 << 19),    /* Negative dentry */
        DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE            = (1 << 19),    /* Whiteout dentry (stop pathwalk) */
        DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE           = (2 << 19),    /* Normal directory */
        DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE             = (3 << 19),    /* Lookupless directory (presumed automount) */
        DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE             = (4 << 19),    /* Regular file type */
        DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE             = (5 << 19),    /* Other file type */
        DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE             = (6 << 19),    /* Symlink */
        DCACHE_NOKEY_NAME               = BIT(22),      /* Encrypted name encoded without key */
        DCACHE_OP_REAL                  = BIT(23),
        DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP               = BIT(24),      /* being looked up (with parent locked shared) */
        DCACHE_DENTRY_CURSOR            = BIT(25),
        DCACHE_NORCU                    = BIT(26),      /* No RCU delay for freeing */
        DCACHE_PERSISTENT               = BIT(27)
};

#define DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY \
        (DCACHE_MOUNTED|DCACHE_NEED_AUTOMOUNT|DCACHE_MANAGE_TRANSIT)

extern seqlock_t rename_lock;

/*
 * These are the low-level FS interfaces to the dcache..
 */
extern void d_instantiate(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
extern void d_instantiate_new(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
extern void __d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
extern void d_drop(struct dentry *dentry);
extern void d_delete(struct dentry *);

/* allocate/de-allocate */
extern struct dentry * d_alloc(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);
extern struct dentry * d_alloc_anon(struct super_block *);
extern struct dentry * d_alloc_parallel(struct dentry *, const struct qstr *,
                                        wait_queue_head_t *);
extern struct dentry * d_splice_alias(struct inode *, struct dentry *);
/* weird procfs mess; *NOT* exported */
extern struct dentry * d_splice_alias_ops(struct inode *, struct dentry *,
                                          const struct dentry_operations *);
extern struct dentry * d_add_ci(struct dentry *, struct inode *, struct qstr *);
extern bool d_same_name(const struct dentry *dentry, const struct dentry *parent,
                        const struct qstr *name);
extern struct dentry *d_find_any_alias(struct inode *inode);
extern struct dentry * d_obtain_alias(struct inode *);
extern struct dentry * d_obtain_root(struct inode *);
extern void shrink_dcache_sb(struct super_block *);
extern void shrink_dcache_parent(struct dentry *);
extern void d_invalidate(struct dentry *);

/* only used at mount-time */
extern struct dentry * d_make_root(struct inode *);

extern void d_mark_tmpfile(struct file *, struct inode *);
extern void d_tmpfile(struct file *, struct inode *);

extern struct dentry *d_find_alias(struct inode *);
extern void d_prune_aliases(struct inode *);
extern void d_dispose_if_unused(struct dentry *, struct list_head *);
extern void shrink_dentry_list(struct list_head *);

extern struct dentry *d_find_alias_rcu(struct inode *);

/* test whether we have any submounts in a subdir tree */
extern int path_has_submounts(const struct path *);

/*
 * This adds the entry to the hash queues.
 */
extern void d_rehash(struct dentry *);
 
extern void d_add(struct dentry *, struct inode *);

/* used for rename() and baskets */
extern void d_move(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
extern void d_exchange(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);
extern struct dentry *d_ancestor(struct dentry *, struct dentry *);

extern struct dentry *d_lookup(const struct dentry *, const struct qstr *);

static inline unsigned d_count(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_lockref.count;
}

ino_t d_parent_ino(struct dentry *dentry);

/*
 * helper function for dentry_operations.d_dname() members
 */
extern __printf(3, 4)
char *dynamic_dname(char *, int, const char *, ...);

extern char *__d_path(const struct path *, const struct path *, char *, int);
extern char *d_absolute_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
extern char *d_path(const struct path *, char *, int);
extern char *dentry_path_raw(const struct dentry *, char *, int);
extern char *dentry_path(const struct dentry *, char *, int);

/* Allocation counts.. */

/**
 * dget_dlock - get a reference to a dentry
 * @dentry: dentry to get a reference to
 *
 * Given a live dentry, increment the reference count and return the dentry.
 * Caller must hold @dentry->d_lock.  Making sure that dentry is alive is
 * caller's resonsibility.  There are many conditions sufficient to guarantee
 * that; e.g. anything with non-negative refcount is alive, so's anything
 * hashed, anything positive, anyone's parent, etc.
 */
static inline struct dentry *dget_dlock(struct dentry *dentry)
{
        dentry->d_lockref.count++;
        return dentry;
}


/**
 * dget - get a reference to a dentry
 * @dentry: dentry to get a reference to
 *
 * Given a dentry or %NULL pointer increment the reference count
 * if appropriate and return the dentry.  A dentry will not be
 * destroyed when it has references.  Conversely, a dentry with
 * no references can disappear for any number of reasons, starting
 * with memory pressure.  In other words, that primitive is
 * used to clone an existing reference; using it on something with
 * zero refcount is a bug.
 *
 * NOTE: it will spin if @dentry->d_lock is held.  From the deadlock
 * avoidance point of view it is equivalent to spin_lock()/increment
 * refcount/spin_unlock(), so calling it under @dentry->d_lock is
 * always a bug; so's calling it under ->d_lock on any of its descendents.
 *
 */
static inline struct dentry *dget(struct dentry *dentry)
{
        if (dentry)
                lockref_get(&dentry->d_lockref);
        return dentry;
}

extern struct dentry *dget_parent(struct dentry *dentry);

/**
 * d_unhashed - is dentry hashed
 * @dentry: entry to check
 *
 * Returns true if the dentry passed is not currently hashed.
 */
static inline int d_unhashed(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return hlist_bl_unhashed(&dentry->d_hash);
}

static inline int d_unlinked(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return d_unhashed(dentry) && !IS_ROOT(dentry);
}

static inline int cant_mount(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return (dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT);
}

static inline void dont_mount(struct dentry *dentry)
{
        spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
        dentry->d_flags |= DCACHE_CANT_MOUNT;
        spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
}

extern void __d_lookup_unhash_wake(struct dentry *dentry);

static inline int d_in_lookup(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_PAR_LOOKUP;
}

static inline void d_lookup_done(struct dentry *dentry)
{
        if (unlikely(d_in_lookup(dentry)))
                __d_lookup_unhash_wake(dentry);
}

extern void dput(struct dentry *);

static inline bool d_managed(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MANAGED_DENTRY;
}

static inline bool d_mountpoint(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_MOUNTED;
}

/*
 * Directory cache entry type accessor functions.
 */
static inline unsigned __d_entry_type(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_miss(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_MISS_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_whiteout(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_WHITEOUT_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_can_lookup(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_DIRECTORY_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_autodir(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_AUTODIR_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_dir(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return d_can_lookup(dentry) || d_is_autodir(dentry);
}

static inline bool d_is_symlink(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SYMLINK_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_reg(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_REGULAR_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_special(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return __d_entry_type(dentry) == DCACHE_SPECIAL_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_file(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return d_is_reg(dentry) || d_is_special(dentry);
}

static inline bool d_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        // TODO: check d_is_whiteout(dentry) also.
        return d_is_miss(dentry);
}

static inline bool d_flags_negative(unsigned flags)
{
        return (flags & DCACHE_ENTRY_TYPE) == DCACHE_MISS_TYPE;
}

static inline bool d_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return !d_is_negative(dentry);
}

/**
 * d_really_is_negative - Determine if a dentry is really negative (ignoring fallthroughs)
 * @dentry: The dentry in question
 *
 * Returns true if the dentry represents either an absent name or a name that
 * doesn't map to an inode (ie. ->d_inode is NULL).  The dentry could represent
 * a true miss, a whiteout that isn't represented by a 0,0 chardev or a
 * fallthrough marker in an opaque directory.
 *
 * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
 * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
 * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
 * the inode.  (3) The dentry may have something attached to ->d_lower and the
 * type field of the flags may be set to something other than miss or whiteout.
 */
static inline bool d_really_is_negative(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_inode == NULL;
}

/**
 * d_really_is_positive - Determine if a dentry is really positive (ignoring fallthroughs)
 * @dentry: The dentry in question
 *
 * Returns true if the dentry represents a name that maps to an inode
 * (ie. ->d_inode is not NULL).  The dentry might still represent a whiteout if
 * that is represented on medium as a 0,0 chardev.
 *
 * Note!  (1) This should be used *only* by a filesystem to examine its own
 * dentries.  It should not be used to look at some other filesystem's
 * dentries.  (2) It should also be used in combination with d_inode() to get
 * the inode.
 */
static inline bool d_really_is_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_inode != NULL;
}

static inline int simple_positive(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return d_really_is_positive(dentry) && !d_unhashed(dentry);
}

unsigned long vfs_pressure_ratio(unsigned long val);

/**
 * d_inode - Get the actual inode of this dentry
 * @dentry: The dentry to query
 *
 * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
 * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
 */
static inline struct inode *d_inode(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return dentry->d_inode;
}

/**
 * d_inode_rcu - Get the actual inode of this dentry with READ_ONCE()
 * @dentry: The dentry to query
 *
 * This is the helper normal filesystems should use to get at their own inodes
 * in their own dentries and ignore the layering superimposed upon them.
 */
static inline struct inode *d_inode_rcu(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return READ_ONCE(dentry->d_inode);
}

/**
 * d_backing_inode - Get upper or lower inode we should be using
 * @upper: The upper layer
 *
 * This is the helper that should be used to get at the inode that will be used
 * if this dentry were to be opened as a file.  The inode may be on the upper
 * dentry or it may be on a lower dentry pinned by the upper.
 *
 * Normal filesystems should not use this to access their own inodes.
 */
static inline struct inode *d_backing_inode(const struct dentry *upper)
{
        struct inode *inode = upper->d_inode;

        return inode;
}

/**
 * d_real - Return the real dentry
 * @dentry: the dentry to query
 * @type: the type of real dentry (data or metadata)
 *
 * If dentry is on a union/overlay, then return the underlying, real dentry.
 * Otherwise return the dentry itself.
 *
 * See also: Documentation/filesystems/vfs.rst
 */
static inline struct dentry *d_real(struct dentry *dentry, enum d_real_type type)
{
        if (unlikely(dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REAL))
                return dentry->d_op->d_real(dentry, type);
        else
                return dentry;
}

/**
 * d_real_inode - Return the real inode hosting the data
 * @dentry: The dentry to query
 *
 * If dentry is on a union/overlay, then return the underlying, real inode.
 * Otherwise return d_inode().
 */
static inline struct inode *d_real_inode(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        /* This usage of d_real() results in const dentry */
        return d_inode(d_real((struct dentry *) dentry, D_REAL_DATA));
}

struct name_snapshot {
        struct qstr name;
        union shortname_store inline_name;
};
void take_dentry_name_snapshot(struct name_snapshot *, struct dentry *);
void release_dentry_name_snapshot(struct name_snapshot *);

static inline struct dentry *d_first_child(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return hlist_entry_safe(dentry->d_children.first, struct dentry, d_sib);
}

static inline struct dentry *d_next_sibling(const struct dentry *dentry)
{
        return hlist_entry_safe(dentry->d_sib.next, struct dentry, d_sib);
}

void set_default_d_op(struct super_block *, const struct dentry_operations *);
struct dentry *d_make_persistent(struct dentry *, struct inode *);
void d_make_discardable(struct dentry *dentry);

#endif  /* __LINUX_DCACHE_H */