root/sys/cam/ata/ata_da.c
/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
 *    without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include "opt_ada.h"

#include <sys/param.h>

#ifdef _KERNEL
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/bio.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/taskqueue.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/mutex.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/devicestat.h>
#include <sys/eventhandler.h>
#include <sys/malloc.h>
#include <sys/endian.h>
#include <sys/cons.h>
#include <sys/power.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/sbuf.h>
#include <geom/geom.h>
#include <geom/geom_disk.h>
#endif /* _KERNEL */

#ifndef _KERNEL
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#endif /* _KERNEL */

#include <cam/cam.h>
#include <cam/cam_ccb.h>
#include <cam/cam_periph.h>
#include <cam/cam_xpt_periph.h>
#include <cam/scsi/scsi_all.h>
#include <cam/scsi/scsi_da.h>
#include <cam/cam_sim.h>
#include <cam/cam_iosched.h>

#include <cam/ata/ata_all.h>

#ifdef _KERNEL

#define ATA_MAX_28BIT_LBA               268435455UL

extern int iosched_debug;

typedef enum {
        ADA_STATE_RAHEAD,
        ADA_STATE_WCACHE,
        ADA_STATE_LOGDIR,
        ADA_STATE_IDDIR,
        ADA_STATE_SUP_CAP,
        ADA_STATE_ZONE,
        ADA_STATE_NORMAL
} ada_state;

typedef enum {
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT      = 0x00000002,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE = 0x00000004,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ        = 0x00000008,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA        = 0x00000010,
        ADA_FLAG_NEED_OTAG      = 0x00000020,
        ADA_FLAG_WAS_OTAG       = 0x00000040,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM       = 0x00000080,
        ADA_FLAG_OPEN           = 0x00000100,
        ADA_FLAG_SCTX_INIT      = 0x00000200,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA        = 0x00000400,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_POWERMGT   = 0x00000800,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA48      = 0x00001000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG        = 0x00002000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG      = 0x00004000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP     = 0x00008000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE       = 0x00010000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_WCACHE     = 0x00020000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_RAHEAD     = 0x00040000,
        ADA_FLAG_PROBED         = 0x00080000,
        ADA_FLAG_ANNOUNCED      = 0x00100000,
        ADA_FLAG_DIRTY          = 0x00200000,
        ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM   = 0x00400000,   /* CAN_TRIM also set */
        ADA_FLAG_PIM_ATA_EXT    = 0x00800000,
        ADA_FLAG_UNMAPPEDIO     = 0x01000000,
        ADA_FLAG_ROTATING       = 0x02000000
} ada_flags;
#define ADA_FLAG_STRING         \
        "\020"                  \
        "\002CAN_48BIT"         \
        "\003CAN_FLUSHCACHE"    \
        "\004CAN_NCQ"           \
        "\005CAN_DMA"           \
        "\006NEED_OTAG"         \
        "\007WAS_OTAG"          \
        "\010CAN_TRIM"          \
        "\011OPEN"              \
        "\012SCTX_INIT"         \
        "\013CAN_CFA"           \
        "\014CAN_POWERMGT"      \
        "\015CAN_DMA48"         \
        "\016CAN_LOG"           \
        "\017CAN_IDLOG"         \
        "\020CAN_SUPCAP"        \
        "\021CAN_ZONE"          \
        "\022CAN_WCACHE"        \
        "\023CAN_RAHEAD"        \
        "\024PROBED"            \
        "\025ANNOUNCED"         \
        "\026DIRTY"             \
        "\027CAN_NCQ_TRIM"      \
        "\030PIM_ATA_EXT"       \
        "\031UNMAPPEDIO"        \
        "\032ROTATING"

typedef enum {
        ADA_Q_NONE              = 0x00,
        ADA_Q_4K                = 0x01,
        ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN   = 0x02,
        ADA_Q_LOG_BROKEN        = 0x04,
        ADA_Q_SMR_DM            = 0x08,
        ADA_Q_NO_TRIM           = 0x10,
        ADA_Q_128KB             = 0x20
} ada_quirks;

#define ADA_Q_BIT_STRING        \
        "\020"                  \
        "\0014K"                \
        "\002NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN"   \
        "\003LOG_BROKEN"        \
        "\004SMR_DM"            \
        "\005NO_TRIM"           \
        "\006128KB"

typedef enum {
        ADA_CCB_RAHEAD          = 0x01,
        ADA_CCB_WCACHE          = 0x02,
        ADA_CCB_BUFFER_IO       = 0x03,
        ADA_CCB_DUMP            = 0x05,
        ADA_CCB_TRIM            = 0x06,
        ADA_CCB_LOGDIR          = 0x07,
        ADA_CCB_IDDIR           = 0x08,
        ADA_CCB_SUP_CAP         = 0x09,
        ADA_CCB_ZONE            = 0x0a,
        ADA_CCB_TYPE_MASK       = 0x0F,
} ada_ccb_state;

typedef enum {
        ADA_ZONE_NONE           = 0x00,
        ADA_ZONE_DRIVE_MANAGED  = 0x01,
        ADA_ZONE_HOST_AWARE     = 0x02,
        ADA_ZONE_HOST_MANAGED   = 0x03
} ada_zone_mode;

typedef enum {
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RZ_SUP            = 0x0001,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPEN_SUP          = 0x0002,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_CLOSE_SUP         = 0x0004,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_FINISH_SUP        = 0x0008,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RWP_SUP           = 0x0010,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_SUP_MASK          = (ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RZ_SUP |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPEN_SUP |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_CLOSE_SUP |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_FINISH_SUP |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RWP_SUP),
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_URSWRZ            = 0x0020,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_SEQ_SET       = 0x0040,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_NONSEQ_SET    = 0x0080,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_MAX_SEQ_SET       = 0x0100,
        ADA_ZONE_FLAG_SET_MASK          = (ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_SEQ_SET |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_NONSEQ_SET |
                                           ADA_ZONE_FLAG_MAX_SEQ_SET)
} ada_zone_flags;

static struct ada_zone_desc {
        ada_zone_flags value;
        const char *desc;
} ada_zone_desc_table[] = {
        {ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RZ_SUP, "Report Zones" },
        {ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPEN_SUP, "Open" },
        {ADA_ZONE_FLAG_CLOSE_SUP, "Close" },
        {ADA_ZONE_FLAG_FINISH_SUP, "Finish" },
        {ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RWP_SUP, "Reset Write Pointer" },
};

/* Offsets into our private area for storing information */
#define ccb_state       ppriv_field0
#define ccb_bp          ppriv_ptr1

typedef enum {
        ADA_DELETE_NONE,
        ADA_DELETE_DISABLE,
        ADA_DELETE_CFA_ERASE,
        ADA_DELETE_DSM_TRIM,
        ADA_DELETE_NCQ_DSM_TRIM,
        ADA_DELETE_MIN = ADA_DELETE_CFA_ERASE,
        ADA_DELETE_MAX = ADA_DELETE_NCQ_DSM_TRIM,
} ada_delete_methods;

static const char *ada_delete_method_names[] =
    { "NONE", "DISABLE", "CFA_ERASE", "DSM_TRIM", "NCQ_DSM_TRIM" };
#if 0
static const char *ada_delete_method_desc[] =
    { "NONE", "DISABLED", "CFA Erase", "DSM Trim", "DSM Trim via NCQ" };
#endif

struct disk_params {
        uint8_t  heads;
        uint8_t  secs_per_track;
        uint32_t cylinders;
        uint32_t secsize;       /* Number of bytes/logical sector */
        uint64_t sectors;       /* Total number sectors */
};

#define TRIM_MAX_BLOCKS 8
#define TRIM_MAX_RANGES (TRIM_MAX_BLOCKS * ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES)
struct trim_request {
        uint8_t         data[TRIM_MAX_RANGES * ATA_DSM_RANGE_SIZE];
        TAILQ_HEAD(, bio) bps;
};

struct ada_softc {
        struct   cam_iosched_softc *cam_iosched;
        int      outstanding_cmds;      /* Number of active commands */
        int      refcount;              /* Active xpt_action() calls */
        ada_state state;
        ada_flags flags;
        ada_zone_mode zone_mode;
        ada_zone_flags zone_flags;
        struct ata_gp_log_dir ata_logdir;
        int valid_logdir_len;
        struct ata_identify_log_pages ata_iddir;
        int valid_iddir_len;
        uint64_t optimal_seq_zones;
        uint64_t optimal_nonseq_zones;
        uint64_t max_seq_zones;
        ada_quirks quirks;
        ada_delete_methods delete_method;
        int      trim_max_ranges;
        int      read_ahead;
        int      write_cache;
#ifdef CAM_TEST_FAILURE
        int      force_read_error;
        int      force_write_error;
        int      periodic_read_error;
        int      periodic_read_count;
#endif
        struct ccb_pathinq      cpi;
        struct disk_params      params;
        struct disk             *disk;
        struct task             sysctl_task;
        struct sysctl_ctx_list  sysctl_ctx;
        struct sysctl_oid       *sysctl_tree;
        struct callout          sendordered_c;
        struct trim_request     trim_req;
        uint64_t                trim_count;
        uint64_t                trim_ranges;
        uint64_t                trim_lbas;
#ifdef CAM_IO_STATS
        struct sysctl_ctx_list  sysctl_stats_ctx;
        struct sysctl_oid       *sysctl_stats_tree;
        u_int   timeouts;
        u_int   errors;
        u_int   invalidations;
#endif
#define ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ 80
        char    announce_temp[ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ];
#define ADA_ANNOUNCE_SZ 400
        char    announce_buffer[ADA_ANNOUNCE_SZ];
};

static uma_zone_t ada_ccb_zone;

struct ada_quirk_entry {
        struct scsi_inquiry_pattern inq_pat;
        ada_quirks quirks;
};

static struct ada_quirk_entry ada_quirk_table[] =
{
        {
                /* Sandisk X400 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SanDisk?SD8SB8U1T00*", "X4162000*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_128KB
        },
        {
                /* Hitachi Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Hitachi H??????????E3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Samsung Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG HD155UI*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Samsung Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG HD204UI*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Barracuda Green Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST????DL*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Barracuda Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST???DM*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Barracuda Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST????DM*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9500423AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9500424AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9640423AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9640424AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9750420AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9750422AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST9750423AS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* Seagate Momentus Thin Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST???LT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Red Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD????CX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Green Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD????RS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Green/Red Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD????RX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Red Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD??????CX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Black Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD????AZEX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Black Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD????FZEX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Green Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD??????RS*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Caviar Green Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD??????RX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Scorpio Black Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD???PKT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Scorpio Black Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD?????PKT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Scorpio Blue Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD???PVT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /* WDC Scorpio Blue Advanced Format (4k) drives */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WD?????PVT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        /* SSDs */
        {
                /*
                 * Corsair Force 2 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Corsair CSSD-F*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Corsair Force 3 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Corsair Force 3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Corsair Neutron GTX SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Corsair Neutron GTX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Corsair Force GT & GS SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Corsair Force G*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial M4 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "M4-CT???M4SSD2*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial M500 SSDs MU07 firmware
                 * NCQ Trim works
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Crucial CT*M500*", "MU07" },
                /*quirks*/0
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial M500 SSDs all other firmware
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Crucial CT*M500*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial M550 SSDs
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work, but only on MU01 firmware
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Crucial CT*M550*", "MU01" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial MX100 SSDs
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work, but only on MU01 firmware
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Crucial CT*MX100*", "MU01" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Crucial RealSSD C300 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "C300-CTFDDAC???MAG*",
                "*" }, /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * FCCT M500 SSDs
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "FCCT*M500*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel 320 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSA2CW*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel 330 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSC2CT*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel 510 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSC2MH*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel 520 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSC2BW*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel S3610 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSC2BX*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Intel X25-M Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "INTEL SSDSA2M*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * KingDian S200 60GB P0921B
                 * Trimming crash the SSD
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "KingDian S200 *", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NO_TRIM
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Kingston E100 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "KINGSTON SE100S3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Kingston HyperX 3k SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "KINGSTON SH103S3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Marvell SSDs (entry taken from OpenSolaris)
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "MARVELL SD88SA02*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Micron M500 SSDs firmware MU07
                 * NCQ Trim works?
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Micron M500*", "MU07" },
                /*quirks*/0
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Micron M500 SSDs all other firmware
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Micron M500*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Micron M5[15]0 SSDs
                 * NCQ Trim doesn't work, but only MU01 firmware
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Micron M5[15]0*", "MU01" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Micron 5100 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Micron 5100 MTFDDAK*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Agility 2 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "OCZ-AGILITY2*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Agility 3 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "OCZ-AGILITY3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Deneva R Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "DENRSTE251M45*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Vertex 2 SSDs (inc pro series)
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "OCZ?VERTEX2*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Vertex 3 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "OCZ-VERTEX3*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * OCZ Vertex 4 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "OCZ-VERTEX4*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 750 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM seems to work
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 750*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 830 Series SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM Broken (normal TRIM is fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG SSD 830 Series*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 840 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM Broken (normal TRIM is fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 840*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 845 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM Broken (normal TRIM is fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 845*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 850 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM broken (normal TRIM fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 850*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 860 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM broken (normal TRIM fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 860*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 870 SSDs
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ TRIM broken (normal TRIM fine)
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "Samsung SSD 870*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung SM863 Series SSDs (MZ7KM*)
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ believed to be working
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG MZ7KM*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung 843T Series SSDs (MZ7WD*)
                 * Samsung PM851 Series SSDs (MZ7TE*)
                 * Samsung PM853T Series SSDs (MZ7GE*)
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ believed to be broken since these are
                 * appear to be built with the same controllers as the 840/850.
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG MZ7*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Same as for SAMSUNG MZ7* but enable the quirks for SSD
                 * starting with MZ7* too
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "MZ7*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung PM851 Series SSDs Dell OEM
                 * device model          "SAMSUNG SSD PM851 mSATA 256GB"
                 * 4k optimised, NCQ broken
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG SSD PM851*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * SuperTalent TeraDrive CT SSDs
                 * 4k optimised & trim only works in 4k requests + 4k aligned
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "FTM??CT25H*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * XceedIOPS SATA SSDs
                 * 4k optimised
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SG9XCS2D*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung drive that doesn't support READ LOG EXT or
                 * READ LOG DMA EXT, despite reporting that it does in
                 * ATA identify data:
                 * SAMSUNG HD200HJ KF100-06
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG HD200*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_LOG_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Samsung drive that doesn't support READ LOG EXT or
                 * READ LOG DMA EXT, despite reporting that it does in
                 * ATA identify data:
                 * SAMSUNG HD501LJ CR100-10
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "SAMSUNG HD501*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_LOG_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /*
                 * Seagate Lamarr 8TB Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR)
                 * Drive Managed SATA hard drive.  This drive doesn't report
                 * in firmware that it is a drive managed SMR drive.
                 */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ST8000AS000[23]*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_SMR_DM
        },
        {
                /* WD Green SSD */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "WDC WDS?????G0*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /* Seagate IronWolf 110 SATA SSD NCQ Trim is unstable */
                { T_DIRECT, SIP_MEDIA_FIXED, "*", "ZA*NM*", "*" },
                /*quirks*/ADA_Q_4K | ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN
        },
        {
                /* Default */
                {
                  T_ANY, SIP_MEDIA_REMOVABLE|SIP_MEDIA_FIXED,
                  /*vendor*/"*", /*product*/"*", /*revision*/"*"
                },
                /*quirks*/0
        },
};

static  disk_strategy_t adastrategy;
static  dumper_t        adadump;
static  periph_init_t   adainit;
static  void            adadiskgonecb(struct disk *dp);
static  periph_oninv_t  adaoninvalidate;
static  periph_dtor_t   adacleanup;
static  void            adaasync(void *callback_arg, uint32_t code,
                                struct cam_path *path, void *arg);
static  int             adabitsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static  int             adaflagssysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static  int             adazonesupsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
static  void            adasysctlinit(void *context, int pending);
static  int             adagetattr(struct bio *bp);
static  void            adasetflags(struct ada_softc *softc,
                                    struct ccb_getdev *cgd);
static void             adasetgeom(struct ada_softc *softc,
                                   struct ccb_getdev *cgd);
static  periph_ctor_t   adaregister;
static  void            ada_dsmtrim(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp,
                                    struct ccb_ataio *ataio);
static  void            ada_cfaerase(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp,
                                     struct ccb_ataio *ataio);
static  int             ada_zone_bio_to_ata(int disk_zone_cmd);
static  int             ada_zone_cmd(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb,
                                     struct bio *bp, int *queue_ccb);
static  periph_start_t  adastart;
static  void            adaprobedone(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb);
static  void            adazonedone(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb);
static  void            adadone(struct cam_periph *periph,
                               union ccb *done_ccb);
static  int             adaerror(union ccb *ccb, uint32_t cam_flags,
                                uint32_t sense_flags);
static callout_func_t   adasendorderedtag;
static void             adashutdown(void *arg, int howto);
static void             adasuspend(void *arg, enum power_stype stype);
static void             adaresume(void *arg, enum power_stype stype);

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
#define ADA_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT 30  /* Timeout in seconds */
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_RETRY
#define ADA_DEFAULT_RETRY       4
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_SEND_ORDERED
#define ADA_DEFAULT_SEND_ORDERED        1
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SHUTDOWN
#define ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SHUTDOWN   1
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SUSPEND
#define ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SUSPEND    1
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_READ_AHEAD
#define ADA_DEFAULT_READ_AHEAD  1
#endif

#ifndef ADA_DEFAULT_WRITE_CACHE
#define ADA_DEFAULT_WRITE_CACHE 1
#endif

#define ADA_RA  (softc->read_ahead >= 0 ? \
                 softc->read_ahead : ada_read_ahead)
#define ADA_WC  (softc->write_cache >= 0 ? \
                 softc->write_cache : ada_write_cache)

static int ada_retry_count = ADA_DEFAULT_RETRY;
static int ada_default_timeout = ADA_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT;
static int ada_send_ordered = ADA_DEFAULT_SEND_ORDERED;
static int ada_spindown_shutdown = ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SHUTDOWN;
static int ada_spindown_suspend = ADA_DEFAULT_SPINDOWN_SUSPEND;
static int ada_read_ahead = ADA_DEFAULT_READ_AHEAD;
static int ada_write_cache = ADA_DEFAULT_WRITE_CACHE;
static int ada_enable_biospeedup = 1;
static int ada_enable_uma_ccbs = 1;

static SYSCTL_NODE(_kern_cam, OID_AUTO, ada, CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0,
    "CAM Direct Access Disk driver");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, retry_count, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_retry_count, 0, "Normal I/O retry count");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, default_timeout, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_default_timeout, 0, "Normal I/O timeout (in seconds)");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, send_ordered, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_send_ordered, 0, "Send Ordered Tags");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, spindown_shutdown, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_spindown_shutdown, 0, "Spin down upon shutdown");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, spindown_suspend, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_spindown_suspend, 0, "Spin down upon suspend");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, read_ahead, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_read_ahead, 0, "Enable disk read-ahead");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, write_cache, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
           &ada_write_cache, 0, "Enable disk write cache");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, enable_biospeedup, CTLFLAG_RDTUN,
           &ada_enable_biospeedup, 0, "Enable BIO_SPEEDUP processing");
SYSCTL_INT(_kern_cam_ada, OID_AUTO, enable_uma_ccbs, CTLFLAG_RWTUN,
            &ada_enable_uma_ccbs, 0, "Use UMA for CCBs");

/*
 * ADA_ORDEREDTAG_INTERVAL determines how often, relative
 * to the default timeout, we check to see whether an ordered
 * tagged transaction is appropriate to prevent simple tag
 * starvation.  Since we'd like to ensure that there is at least
 * 1/2 of the timeout length left for a starved transaction to
 * complete after we've sent an ordered tag, we must poll at least
 * four times in every timeout period.  This takes care of the worst
 * case where a starved transaction starts during an interval that
 * meets the requirement "don't send an ordered tag" test so it takes
 * us two intervals to determine that a tag must be sent.
 */
#ifndef ADA_ORDEREDTAG_INTERVAL
#define ADA_ORDEREDTAG_INTERVAL 4
#endif

static struct periph_driver adadriver =
{
        adainit, "ada",
        TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(adadriver.units), /* generation */ 0
};

static int adadeletemethodsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);

PERIPHDRIVER_DECLARE(ada, adadriver);

static MALLOC_DEFINE(M_ATADA, "ata_da", "ata_da buffers");

static int
adaopen(struct disk *dp)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        int error;

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)dp->d_drv1;
        if (cam_periph_acquire(periph) != 0) {
                return(ENXIO);
        }

        cam_periph_lock(periph);
        if ((error = cam_periph_hold(periph, PRIBIO|PCATCH)) != 0) {
                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                cam_periph_release(periph);
                return (error);
        }

        CAM_DEBUG(periph->path, CAM_DEBUG_TRACE | CAM_DEBUG_PERIPH,
            ("adaopen\n"));

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_OPEN;

        cam_periph_unhold(periph);
        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        return (0);
}

static int
adaclose(struct disk *dp)
{
        struct  cam_periph *periph;
        struct  ada_softc *softc;
        union ccb *ccb;
        int error;

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)dp->d_drv1;
        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        cam_periph_lock(periph);

        CAM_DEBUG(periph->path, CAM_DEBUG_TRACE | CAM_DEBUG_PERIPH,
            ("adaclose\n"));

        /* We only sync the cache if the drive is capable of it. */
        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_DIRTY) != 0 &&
            (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE) != 0 &&
            (periph->flags & CAM_PERIPH_INVALID) == 0 &&
            cam_periph_hold(periph, PRIBIO) == 0) {
                ccb = cam_periph_getccb(periph, CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                cam_fill_ataio(&ccb->ataio,
                                    1,
                                    NULL,
                                    CAM_DIR_NONE,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    0,
                                    ada_default_timeout*1000);

                if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)
                        ata_48bit_cmd(&ccb->ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE48, 0, 0, 0);
                else
                        ata_28bit_cmd(&ccb->ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE, 0, 0, 0);
                error = cam_periph_runccb(ccb, adaerror, /*cam_flags*/0,
                    /*sense_flags*/0, softc->disk->d_devstat);

                if (error != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Synchronize cache failed\n");
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_DIRTY;
                xpt_release_ccb(ccb);
                cam_periph_unhold(periph);
        }

        softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_OPEN;

        while (softc->refcount != 0)
                cam_periph_sleep(periph, &softc->refcount, PRIBIO, "adaclose", 1);
        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        cam_periph_release(periph);
        return (0);
}

static void
adaschedule(struct cam_periph *periph)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        if (softc->state != ADA_STATE_NORMAL)
                return;

        cam_iosched_schedule(softc->cam_iosched, periph);
}

/*
 * Actually translate the requested transfer into one the physical driver
 * can understand.  The transfer is described by a buf and will include
 * only one physical transfer.
 */
static void
adastrategy(struct bio *bp)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)bp->bio_disk->d_drv1;
        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        cam_periph_lock(periph);

        CAM_DEBUG(periph->path, CAM_DEBUG_TRACE, ("adastrategy(%p)\n", bp));

        /*
         * If the device has been made invalid, error out
         */
        if ((periph->flags & CAM_PERIPH_INVALID) != 0) {
                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                biofinish(bp, NULL, ENXIO);
                return;
        }

        /*
         * Zone commands must be ordered, because they can depend on the
         * effects of previously issued commands, and they may affect
         * commands after them.
         */
        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_ZONE)
                bp->bio_flags |= BIO_ORDERED;

        /*
         * Place it in the queue of disk activities for this disk
         */
        cam_iosched_queue_work(softc->cam_iosched, bp);

        /*
         * Schedule ourselves for performing the work.
         */
        adaschedule(periph);
        cam_periph_unlock(periph);

        return;
}

static int
adadump(void *arg, void *virtual, off_t offset, size_t length)
{
        struct      cam_periph *periph;
        struct      ada_softc *softc;
        u_int       secsize;
        struct      ccb_ataio ataio;
        struct      disk *dp;
        uint64_t    lba;
        uint16_t    count;
        int         error = 0;

        dp = arg;
        periph = dp->d_drv1;
        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        secsize = softc->params.secsize;
        lba = offset / secsize;
        count = length / secsize;
        if ((periph->flags & CAM_PERIPH_INVALID) != 0)
                return (ENXIO);

        memset(&ataio, 0, sizeof(ataio));
        if (length > 0) {
                xpt_setup_ccb(&ataio.ccb_h, periph->path, CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                ataio.ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_DUMP;
                cam_fill_ataio(&ataio,
                    0,
                    NULL,
                    CAM_DIR_OUT,
                    0,
                    (uint8_t *) virtual,
                    length,
                    ada_default_timeout*1000);
                if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT) &&
                    (lba + count >= ATA_MAX_28BIT_LBA ||
                    count >= 256)) {
                        ata_48bit_cmd(&ataio, ATA_WRITE_DMA48,
                            0, lba, count);
                } else {
                        ata_28bit_cmd(&ataio, ATA_WRITE_DMA,
                            0, lba, count);
                }
                error = cam_periph_runccb((union ccb *)&ataio, adaerror,
                    0, SF_NO_RECOVERY | SF_NO_RETRY, NULL);
                if (error != 0)
                        printf("Aborting dump due to I/O error.\n");

                return (error);
        }

        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE) {
                xpt_setup_ccb(&ataio.ccb_h, periph->path, CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);

                /*
                 * Tell the drive to flush its internal cache. if we
                 * can't flush in 5s we have big problems. No need to
                 * wait the default 60s to detect problems.
                 */
                ataio.ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_DUMP;
                cam_fill_ataio(&ataio,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    CAM_DIR_NONE,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    0,
                                    5*1000);

                if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)
                        ata_48bit_cmd(&ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE48, 0, 0, 0);
                else
                        ata_28bit_cmd(&ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE, 0, 0, 0);
                error = cam_periph_runccb((union ccb *)&ataio, adaerror,
                    0, SF_NO_RECOVERY | SF_NO_RETRY, NULL);
                if (error != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Synchronize cache failed\n");
        }
        return (error);
}

static void
adainit(void)
{
        cam_status status;

        ada_ccb_zone = uma_zcreate("ada_ccb",
            sizeof(struct ccb_ataio), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
            UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);

        /*
         * Install a global async callback.  This callback will
         * receive async callbacks like "new device found".
         */
        status = xpt_register_async(AC_FOUND_DEVICE, adaasync, NULL, NULL);

        if (status != CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                printf("ada: Failed to attach master async callback "
                       "due to status 0x%x!\n", status);
        } else if (ada_send_ordered) {
                /* Register our event handlers */
                if ((EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(power_suspend, adasuspend,
                                           NULL, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_LAST)) == NULL)
                    printf("adainit: power event registration failed!\n");
                if ((EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(power_resume, adaresume,
                                           NULL, EVENTHANDLER_PRI_LAST)) == NULL)
                    printf("adainit: power event registration failed!\n");
                if ((EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(shutdown_post_sync, adashutdown,
                                           NULL, SHUTDOWN_PRI_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
                    printf("adainit: shutdown event registration failed!\n");
        }
}

/*
 * Callback from GEOM, called when it has finished cleaning up its
 * resources.
 */
static void
adadiskgonecb(struct disk *dp)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)dp->d_drv1;

        cam_periph_release(periph);
}

static void
adaoninvalidate(struct cam_periph *periph)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        /*
         * De-register any async callbacks.
         */
        xpt_register_async(0, adaasync, periph, periph->path);
#ifdef CAM_IO_STATS
        softc->invalidations++;
#endif

        /*
         * Return all queued I/O with ENXIO. Transactions may be queued up here
         * for retry (since we are called while there's other transactions
         * pending). Any requests in the hardware will drain before ndacleanup
         * is called.
         */
        cam_iosched_flush(softc->cam_iosched, NULL, ENXIO);

        /*
         * Tell GEOM that we've gone away, we'll get a callback when it is
         * done cleaning up its resources.
         */
        disk_gone(softc->disk);
}

static void
adacleanup(struct cam_periph *periph)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        cam_periph_unlock(periph);

        cam_iosched_fini(softc->cam_iosched);

        /*
         * If we can't free the sysctl tree, oh well...
         */
        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_SCTX_INIT) != 0) {
#ifdef CAM_IO_STATS
                if (sysctl_ctx_free(&softc->sysctl_stats_ctx) != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path,
                            "can't remove sysctl stats context\n");
#endif
                if (sysctl_ctx_free(&softc->sysctl_ctx) != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path,
                            "can't remove sysctl context\n");
        }

        disk_destroy(softc->disk);
        callout_drain(&softc->sendordered_c);
        free(softc, M_DEVBUF);
        cam_periph_lock(periph);
}

static void
adasetdeletemethod(struct ada_softc *softc)
{

        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM)
                softc->delete_method = ADA_DELETE_NCQ_DSM_TRIM;
        else if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM)
                softc->delete_method = ADA_DELETE_DSM_TRIM;
        else if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA) && !(softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT))
                softc->delete_method = ADA_DELETE_CFA_ERASE;
        else
                softc->delete_method = ADA_DELETE_NONE;
}

static void
adaasync(void *callback_arg, uint32_t code,
        struct cam_path *path, void *arg)
{
        struct ccb_getdev cgd;
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)callback_arg;
        switch (code) {
        case AC_FOUND_DEVICE:
        {
                struct ccb_getdev *cgd;
                cam_status status;

                cgd = (struct ccb_getdev *)arg;
                if (cgd == NULL)
                        break;

                if (cgd->protocol != PROTO_ATA)
                        break;

                /*
                 * Allocate a peripheral instance for
                 * this device and start the probe
                 * process.
                 */
                status = cam_periph_alloc(adaregister, adaoninvalidate,
                                          adacleanup, adastart,
                                          "ada", CAM_PERIPH_BIO,
                                          path, adaasync,
                                          AC_FOUND_DEVICE, cgd);

                if (status != CAM_REQ_CMP
                 && status != CAM_REQ_INPROG)
                        printf("adaasync: Unable to attach to new device "
                                "due to status 0x%x\n", status);
                break;
        }
        case AC_GETDEV_CHANGED:
        {
                softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
                xpt_gdev_type(&cgd, periph->path);

                /*
                 * Update our information based on the new Identify data.
                 */
                adasetflags(softc, &cgd);
                adasetgeom(softc, &cgd);
                disk_resize(softc->disk, M_NOWAIT);
                break;
        }
        case AC_ADVINFO_CHANGED:
        {
                uintptr_t buftype;

                buftype = (uintptr_t)arg;
                if (buftype == CDAI_TYPE_PHYS_PATH) {
                        struct ada_softc *softc;

                        softc = periph->softc;
                        disk_attr_changed(softc->disk, "GEOM::physpath",
                                          M_NOWAIT);
                }
                break;
        }
        case AC_SENT_BDR:
        case AC_BUS_RESET:
        {
                softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
                if (softc->state != ADA_STATE_NORMAL)
                        break;
                if (ADA_RA >= 0 && softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_RAHEAD)
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_RAHEAD;
                else if (ADA_WC >= 0 && softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_WCACHE)
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_WCACHE;
                else if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG)
                      && (softc->zone_mode != ADA_ZONE_NONE))
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_LOGDIR;
                else
                        break;
                if (cam_periph_acquire(periph) != 0)
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_NORMAL;
                else
                        xpt_schedule(periph, CAM_PRIORITY_DEV);
                break;
        }
        default:
                break;
        }
        cam_periph_async(periph, code, path, arg);
}

static int
adazonemodesysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
        char tmpbuf[40];
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        int error;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)arg1;

        switch (softc->zone_mode) {
        case ADA_ZONE_DRIVE_MANAGED:
                snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), "Drive Managed");
                break;
        case ADA_ZONE_HOST_AWARE:
                snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), "Host Aware");
                break;
        case ADA_ZONE_HOST_MANAGED:
                snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), "Host Managed");
                break;
        case ADA_ZONE_NONE:
        default:
                snprintf(tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), "Not Zoned");
                break;
        }

        error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, tmpbuf, sizeof(tmpbuf), req);

        return (error);
}

static int
adazonesupsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        struct sbuf sb;
        int error, first;
        unsigned int i;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)arg1;

        first = 1;
        sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sb, NULL, 0, req);

        for (i = 0; i < sizeof(ada_zone_desc_table) /
             sizeof(ada_zone_desc_table[0]); i++) {
                if (softc->zone_flags & ada_zone_desc_table[i].value) {
                        if (first == 0)
                                sbuf_cat(&sb, ", ");
                        else
                                first = 0;
                        sbuf_cat(&sb, ada_zone_desc_table[i].desc);
                }
        }

        if (first == 1)
                sbuf_cat(&sb, "None");

        error = sbuf_finish(&sb);
        sbuf_delete(&sb);
        return (error);
}

static void
adasysctlinit(void *context, int pending)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        char tmpstr[32], tmpstr2[16];

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)context;

        /* periph was held for us when this task was enqueued */
        if ((periph->flags & CAM_PERIPH_INVALID) != 0) {
                cam_periph_release(periph);
                return;
        }

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        snprintf(tmpstr, sizeof(tmpstr), "CAM ADA unit %d",periph->unit_number);
        snprintf(tmpstr2, sizeof(tmpstr2), "%d", periph->unit_number);

        sysctl_ctx_init(&softc->sysctl_ctx);
        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_SCTX_INIT;
        softc->sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE_WITH_LABEL(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_STATIC_CHILDREN(_kern_cam_ada), OID_AUTO, tmpstr2,
                CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, tmpstr, "device_index");
        if (softc->sysctl_tree == NULL) {
                printf("adasysctlinit: unable to allocate sysctl tree\n");
                cam_periph_release(periph);
                return;
        }

        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "delete_method",
                CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                softc, 0, adadeletemethodsysctl, "A",
                "BIO_DELETE execution method");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "trim_count", CTLFLAG_RD, &softc->trim_count,
                "Total number of dsm commands sent");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "trim_ranges", CTLFLAG_RD, &softc->trim_ranges,
                "Total number of ranges in dsm commands");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "trim_lbas", CTLFLAG_RD, &softc->trim_lbas,
                "Total lbas in the dsm commands sent");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "read_ahead", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->read_ahead, 0, "Enable disk read ahead.");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "write_cache", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->write_cache, 0, "Enable disk write cache.");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "zone_mode",
                CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                softc, 0, adazonemodesysctl, "A",
                "Zone Mode");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "zone_support",
                CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                softc, 0, adazonesupsysctl, "A",
                "Zone Support");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "optimal_seq_zones", CTLFLAG_RD, &softc->optimal_seq_zones,
                "Optimal Number of Open Sequential Write Preferred Zones");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "optimal_nonseq_zones", CTLFLAG_RD,
                &softc->optimal_nonseq_zones,
                "Optimal Number of Non-Sequentially Written Sequential Write "
                "Preferred Zones");
        SYSCTL_ADD_UQUAD(&softc->sysctl_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO,
                "max_seq_zones", CTLFLAG_RD, &softc->max_seq_zones,
                "Maximum Number of Open Sequential Write Required Zones");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
            OID_AUTO, "flags", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
            softc, 0, adaflagssysctl, "A",
            "Flags for drive");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
            OID_AUTO, "unmapped_io", CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
            &softc->flags, (u_int)ADA_FLAG_UNMAPPEDIO, adabitsysctl, "I",
            "Use unmapped I/O. This sysctl is *DEPRECATED*, gone in FreeBSD 16");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
            OID_AUTO, "rotating", CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
            &softc->flags, (u_int)ADA_FLAG_ROTATING, adabitsysctl, "I",
            "Rotating media. This sysctl is *DEPRECATED*, gone in FreeBSD 16");

#ifdef CAM_TEST_FAILURE
        /*
         * Add a 'door bell' sysctl which allows one to set it from userland
         * and cause something bad to happen.  For the moment, we only allow
         * whacking the next read or write.
         */
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "force_read_error", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->force_read_error, 0,
                "Force a read error for the next N reads.");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "force_write_error", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->force_write_error, 0,
                "Force a write error for the next N writes.");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "periodic_read_error", CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->periodic_read_error, 0,
                "Force a read error every N reads (don't set too low).");
        SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&softc->sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "invalidate", CTLTYPE_U64 | CTLFLAG_RW | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                periph, 0, cam_periph_invalidate_sysctl, "I",
                "Write 1 to invalidate the drive immediately");
#endif

#ifdef CAM_IO_STATS
        softc->sysctl_stats_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(&softc->sysctl_stats_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_tree), OID_AUTO, "stats",
                CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE, 0, "Statistics");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_stats_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_stats_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "timeouts", CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->timeouts, 0,
                "Device timeouts reported by the SIM");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_stats_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_stats_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "errors", CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->errors, 0,
                "Transport errors reported by the SIM.");
        SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&softc->sysctl_stats_ctx,
                SYSCTL_CHILDREN(softc->sysctl_stats_tree),
                OID_AUTO, "pack_invalidations", CTLFLAG_RD | CTLFLAG_MPSAFE,
                &softc->invalidations, 0,
                "Device pack invalidations.");
#endif

        cam_iosched_sysctl_init(softc->cam_iosched, &softc->sysctl_ctx,
            softc->sysctl_tree);

        cam_periph_release(periph);
}

static int
adagetattr(struct bio *bp)
{
        int ret;
        struct cam_periph *periph;

        if (g_handleattr_int(bp, "GEOM::canspeedup", ada_enable_biospeedup))
                return (EJUSTRETURN);

        periph = (struct cam_periph *)bp->bio_disk->d_drv1;
        cam_periph_lock(periph);
        ret = xpt_getattr(bp->bio_data, bp->bio_length, bp->bio_attribute,
            periph->path);
        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        if (ret == 0)
                bp->bio_completed = bp->bio_length;
        return ret;
}

static int
adadeletemethodsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
        char buf[16];
        const char *p;
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        int i, error, value, methods;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)arg1;

        value = softc->delete_method;
        if (value < 0 || value > ADA_DELETE_MAX)
                p = "UNKNOWN";
        else
                p = ada_delete_method_names[value];
        strncpy(buf, p, sizeof(buf));
        error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, buf, sizeof(buf), req);
        if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
                return (error);
        methods = 1 << ADA_DELETE_DISABLE;
        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA) &&
            !(softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT))
                methods |= 1 << ADA_DELETE_CFA_ERASE;
        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM)
                methods |= 1 << ADA_DELETE_DSM_TRIM;
        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM)
                methods |= 1 << ADA_DELETE_NCQ_DSM_TRIM;
        for (i = 0; i <= ADA_DELETE_MAX; i++) {
                if (!(methods & (1 << i)) ||
                    strcmp(buf, ada_delete_method_names[i]) != 0)
                        continue;
                softc->delete_method = i;
                return (0);
        }
        return (EINVAL);
}

static int
adabitsysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
        u_int *flags = arg1;
        u_int test = arg2;
        int tmpout, error;

        tmpout = !!(*flags & test);
        error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, &tmpout, sizeof(tmpout));
        if (error || !req->newptr)
                return (error);

        return (EPERM);
}

static int
adaflagssysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
{
        struct sbuf sbuf;
        struct ada_softc *softc = arg1;
        int error;

        sbuf_new_for_sysctl(&sbuf, NULL, 0, req);
        if (softc->flags != 0)
                sbuf_printf(&sbuf, "0x%b", (unsigned)softc->flags, ADA_FLAG_STRING);
        else
                sbuf_putc(&sbuf, '0');
        error = sbuf_finish(&sbuf);
        sbuf_delete(&sbuf);

        return (error);
}

static void
adasetflags(struct ada_softc *softc, struct ccb_getdev *cgd)
{
        if ((cgd->ident_data.capabilities1 & ATA_SUPPORT_DMA) &&
            (cgd->inq_flags & SID_DMA))
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA;

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command2 & ATA_SUPPORT_ADDRESS48) {
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT;
                if (cgd->inq_flags & SID_DMA48)
                        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA48;
                else
                        softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA48;
        } else
                softc->flags &= ~(ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT | ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA48);

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command2 & ATA_SUPPORT_FLUSHCACHE)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE;

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command1 & ATA_SUPPORT_POWERMGT)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_POWERMGT;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_POWERMGT;

        if ((cgd->ident_data.satacapabilities & ATA_SUPPORT_NCQ) &&
            (cgd->inq_flags & SID_DMA) && (cgd->inq_flags & SID_CmdQue))
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ;

        if ((cgd->ident_data.support_dsm & ATA_SUPPORT_DSM_TRIM) &&
            (cgd->inq_flags & SID_DMA) &&
            (softc->quirks & ADA_Q_NO_TRIM) == 0) {
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM;
                softc->trim_max_ranges = TRIM_MAX_RANGES;
                if (cgd->ident_data.max_dsm_blocks != 0) {
                        softc->trim_max_ranges =
                            min(cgd->ident_data.max_dsm_blocks *
                                ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES, softc->trim_max_ranges);
                }
                /*
                 * If we can do RCVSND_FPDMA_QUEUED commands, we may be able
                 * to do NCQ trims, if we support trims at all. We also need
                 * support from the SIM to do things properly. Perhaps we
                 * should look at log 13 dword 0 bit 0 and dword 1 bit 0 are
                 * set too...
                 */
                if ((softc->quirks & ADA_Q_NCQ_TRIM_BROKEN) == 0 &&
                    (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_PIM_ATA_EXT) != 0 &&
                    (cgd->ident_data.satacapabilities2 &
                     ATA_SUPPORT_RCVSND_FPDMA_QUEUED) != 0 &&
                    (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM) != 0)
                        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM;
                else
                        softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM;
        } else
                softc->flags &= ~(ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM | ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM);

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command2 & ATA_SUPPORT_CFA)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA;

        /*
         * Now that we've set the appropriate flags, setup the delete
         * method.
         */
        adasetdeletemethod(softc);

        if ((cgd->ident_data.support.extension & ATA_SUPPORT_GENLOG)
         && ((softc->quirks & ADA_Q_LOG_BROKEN) == 0))
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG;

        if ((cgd->ident_data.support3 & ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_MASK) ==
             ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_HOST_AWARE)
                softc->zone_mode = ADA_ZONE_HOST_AWARE;
        else if (((cgd->ident_data.support3 & ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_MASK) ==
                   ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_DEV_MANAGED)
              || (softc->quirks & ADA_Q_SMR_DM))
                softc->zone_mode = ADA_ZONE_DRIVE_MANAGED;
        else
                softc->zone_mode = ADA_ZONE_NONE;

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command1 & ATA_SUPPORT_LOOKAHEAD)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_RAHEAD;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_RAHEAD;

        if (cgd->ident_data.support.command1 & ATA_SUPPORT_WRITECACHE)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_WCACHE;
        else
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_WCACHE;
}

static cam_status
adaregister(struct cam_periph *periph, void *arg)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        struct ccb_getdev *cgd;
        struct disk_params *dp;
        struct sbuf sb;
        char   *announce_buf;
        caddr_t match;
        int quirks;

        cgd = (struct ccb_getdev *)arg;
        if (cgd == NULL) {
                printf("adaregister: no getdev CCB, can't register device\n");
                return(CAM_REQ_CMP_ERR);
        }

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)malloc(sizeof(*softc), M_DEVBUF,
            M_NOWAIT|M_ZERO);

        if (softc == NULL) {
                printf("adaregister: Unable to probe new device. "
                    "Unable to allocate softc\n");
                return(CAM_REQ_CMP_ERR);
        }

        announce_buf = softc->announce_temp;
        bzero(announce_buf, ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ);

        periph->softc = softc;
        xpt_path_inq(&softc->cpi, periph->path);

        /*
         * See if this device has any quirks.
         */
        match = cam_quirkmatch((caddr_t)&cgd->ident_data,
                               (caddr_t)ada_quirk_table,
                               nitems(ada_quirk_table),
                               sizeof(*ada_quirk_table), ata_identify_match);
        if (match != NULL)
                softc->quirks = ((struct ada_quirk_entry *)match)->quirks;
        else
                softc->quirks = ADA_Q_NONE;

        TASK_INIT(&softc->sysctl_task, 0, adasysctlinit, periph);

        /*
         * Take a reference on the periph while adastart is called to finish
         * the probe.  The reference will be dropped in adaprobedone at the
         * end of probe.
         */
        (void)cam_periph_acquire(periph);
        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        snprintf(announce_buf, ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ,
            "kern.cam.ada.%d.quirks", periph->unit_number);
        quirks = softc->quirks;
        TUNABLE_INT_FETCH(announce_buf, &quirks);
        softc->quirks = quirks;
        softc->read_ahead = -1;
        snprintf(announce_buf, ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ,
            "kern.cam.ada.%d.read_ahead", periph->unit_number);
        TUNABLE_INT_FETCH(announce_buf, &softc->read_ahead);
        softc->write_cache = -1;
        snprintf(announce_buf, ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ,
            "kern.cam.ada.%d.write_cache", periph->unit_number);
        TUNABLE_INT_FETCH(announce_buf, &softc->write_cache);

        /*
         * Let XPT know we can use UMA-allocated CCBs.
         */
        if (ada_enable_uma_ccbs) {
                KASSERT(ada_ccb_zone != NULL,
                    ("%s: NULL ada_ccb_zone", __func__));
                periph->ccb_zone = ada_ccb_zone;
        }

        /*
         * Set support flags based on the Identify data and quirks.
         */
        adasetflags(softc, cgd);
        if (softc->cpi.hba_misc & PIM_ATA_EXT)
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_PIM_ATA_EXT;

        /* Disable queue sorting for non-rotational media by default. */
        if (cgd->ident_data.media_rotation_rate == ATA_RATE_NON_ROTATING) {
                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_ROTATING;
        } else {
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_ROTATING;
        }
        softc->disk = disk_alloc();
        adasetgeom(softc, cgd);
        softc->disk->d_devstat = devstat_new_entry(periph->periph_name,
                          periph->unit_number, softc->params.secsize,
                          DEVSTAT_ALL_SUPPORTED,
                          DEVSTAT_TYPE_DIRECT |
                          XPORT_DEVSTAT_TYPE(softc->cpi.transport),
                          DEVSTAT_PRIORITY_DISK);
        softc->disk->d_open = adaopen;
        softc->disk->d_close = adaclose;
        softc->disk->d_strategy = adastrategy;
        softc->disk->d_getattr = adagetattr;
        if (cam_sim_pollable(periph->sim))
                softc->disk->d_dump = adadump;
        softc->disk->d_gone = adadiskgonecb;
        softc->disk->d_name = "ada";
        softc->disk->d_drv1 = periph;
        softc->disk->d_unit = periph->unit_number;

        if (cam_iosched_init(&softc->cam_iosched, periph, softc->disk,
            adaschedule) != 0) {
                printf("adaregister: Unable to probe new device. "
                       "Unable to allocate iosched memory\n");
                free(softc, M_DEVBUF);
                return(CAM_REQ_CMP_ERR);
        }
        cam_iosched_set_sort_queue(softc->cam_iosched,
            (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_ROTATING) ? -1 : 0);

        cam_periph_lock(periph);

        dp = &softc->params;
        snprintf(announce_buf, ADA_ANNOUNCETMP_SZ,
            "%juMB (%ju %u byte sectors)",
            ((uintmax_t)dp->secsize * dp->sectors) / (1024 * 1024),
            (uintmax_t)dp->sectors, dp->secsize);

        sbuf_new(&sb, softc->announce_buffer, ADA_ANNOUNCE_SZ, SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
        xpt_announce_periph_sbuf(periph, &sb, announce_buf);
        xpt_announce_quirks_sbuf(periph, &sb, softc->quirks, ADA_Q_BIT_STRING);
        sbuf_finish(&sb);
        sbuf_putbuf(&sb);

        /*
         * Create our sysctl variables, now that we know
         * we have successfully attached.
         */
        if (cam_periph_acquire(periph) == 0)
                taskqueue_enqueue(taskqueue_thread, &softc->sysctl_task);

        /*
         * Add async callbacks for bus reset and
         * bus device reset calls.  I don't bother
         * checking if this fails as, in most cases,
         * the system will function just fine without
         * them and the only alternative would be to
         * not attach the device on failure.
         */
        xpt_register_async(AC_SENT_BDR | AC_BUS_RESET | AC_LOST_DEVICE |
            AC_GETDEV_CHANGED | AC_ADVINFO_CHANGED,
            adaasync, periph, periph->path);

        /*
         * Schedule a periodic event to occasionally send an
         * ordered tag to a device.
         */
        callout_init_mtx(&softc->sendordered_c, cam_periph_mtx(periph), 0);
        callout_reset_sbt(&softc->sendordered_c,
            SBT_1S / ADA_ORDEREDTAG_INTERVAL * ada_default_timeout, 0,
            adasendorderedtag, softc, C_PREL(1));

        /* Released after probe when disk_create() call pass it to GEOM. */
        cam_periph_hold_boot(periph);

        if (ADA_RA >= 0 && softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_RAHEAD) {
                softc->state = ADA_STATE_RAHEAD;
        } else if (ADA_WC >= 0 && softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_WCACHE) {
                softc->state = ADA_STATE_WCACHE;
        } else if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG)
                && (softc->zone_mode != ADA_ZONE_NONE)) {
                softc->state = ADA_STATE_LOGDIR;
        } else {
                /*
                 * Nothing to probe, so we can just transition to the
                 * normal state.
                 */
                adaprobedone(periph, NULL);
                return(CAM_REQ_CMP);
        }

        xpt_schedule(periph, CAM_PRIORITY_DEV);
        return(CAM_REQ_CMP);
}

static int
ada_dsmtrim_req_create(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp, struct trim_request *req)
{
        uint64_t lastlba = (uint64_t)-1, lbas = 0;
        int c, lastcount = 0, off, ranges = 0;

        bzero(req, sizeof(*req));
        TAILQ_INIT(&req->bps);
        do {
                uint64_t lba = bp->bio_pblkno;
                int count = bp->bio_bcount / softc->params.secsize;

                /* Try to extend the previous range. */
                if (lba == lastlba) {
                        c = min(count, ATA_DSM_RANGE_MAX - lastcount);
                        lastcount += c;
                        off = (ranges - 1) * ATA_DSM_RANGE_SIZE;
                        req->data[off + 6] = lastcount & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 7] =
                                (lastcount >> 8) & 0xff;
                        count -= c;
                        lba += c;
                        lbas += c;
                }

                while (count > 0) {
                        c = min(count, ATA_DSM_RANGE_MAX);
                        off = ranges * ATA_DSM_RANGE_SIZE;
                        req->data[off + 0] = lba & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 1] = (lba >> 8) & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 2] = (lba >> 16) & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 3] = (lba >> 24) & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 4] = (lba >> 32) & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 5] = (lba >> 40) & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 6] = c & 0xff;
                        req->data[off + 7] = (c >> 8) & 0xff;
                        lba += c;
                        lbas += c;
                        count -= c;
                        lastcount = c;
                        ranges++;
                        /*
                         * Its the caller's responsibility to ensure the
                         * request will fit so we don't need to check for
                         * overrun here
                         */
                }
                lastlba = lba;
                TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&req->bps, bp, bio_queue);

                bp = cam_iosched_next_trim(softc->cam_iosched);
                if (bp == NULL)
                        break;
                if (bp->bio_bcount / softc->params.secsize >
                    (softc->trim_max_ranges - ranges) * ATA_DSM_RANGE_MAX) {
                        cam_iosched_put_back_trim(softc->cam_iosched, bp);
                        break;
                }
        } while (1);
        softc->trim_count++;
        softc->trim_ranges += ranges;
        softc->trim_lbas += lbas;

        return (ranges);
}

static void
ada_dsmtrim(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp, struct ccb_ataio *ataio)
{
        struct trim_request *req = &softc->trim_req;
        int ranges;

        ranges = ada_dsmtrim_req_create(softc, bp, req);
        cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
            ada_retry_count,
            adadone,
            CAM_DIR_OUT,
            0,
            req->data,
            howmany(ranges, ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES) * ATA_DSM_BLK_SIZE,
            ada_default_timeout * 1000);
        ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_DATA_SET_MANAGEMENT,
            ATA_DSM_TRIM, 0, howmany(ranges, ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES));
}

static void
ada_ncq_dsmtrim(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp, struct ccb_ataio *ataio)
{
        struct trim_request *req = &softc->trim_req;
        int ranges;

        ranges = ada_dsmtrim_req_create(softc, bp, req);
        cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
            ada_retry_count,
            adadone,
            CAM_DIR_OUT,
            0,
            req->data,
            howmany(ranges, ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES) * ATA_DSM_BLK_SIZE,
            ada_default_timeout * 1000);
        ata_ncq_cmd(ataio,
            ATA_SEND_FPDMA_QUEUED,
            0,
            howmany(ranges, ATA_DSM_BLK_RANGES));
        ataio->cmd.sector_count_exp = ATA_SFPDMA_DSM;
        ataio->ata_flags |= ATA_FLAG_AUX;
        ataio->aux = 1;
}

static void
ada_cfaerase(struct ada_softc *softc, struct bio *bp, struct ccb_ataio *ataio)
{
        struct trim_request *req = &softc->trim_req;
        uint64_t lba = bp->bio_pblkno;
        uint16_t count = bp->bio_bcount / softc->params.secsize;

        bzero(req, sizeof(*req));
        TAILQ_INIT(&req->bps);
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&req->bps, bp, bio_queue);

        cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
            ada_retry_count,
            adadone,
            CAM_DIR_NONE,
            0,
            NULL,
            0,
            ada_default_timeout*1000);

        if (count >= 256)
                count = 0;
        ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_CFA_ERASE, 0, lba, count);
}

static int
ada_zone_bio_to_ata(int disk_zone_cmd)
{
        switch (disk_zone_cmd) {
        case DISK_ZONE_OPEN:
                return ATA_ZM_OPEN_ZONE;
        case DISK_ZONE_CLOSE:
                return ATA_ZM_CLOSE_ZONE;
        case DISK_ZONE_FINISH:
                return ATA_ZM_FINISH_ZONE;
        case DISK_ZONE_RWP:
                return ATA_ZM_RWP;
        }

        return -1;
}

static int
ada_zone_cmd(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb, struct bio *bp,
             int *queue_ccb)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        int error;

        error = 0;

        if (bp->bio_cmd != BIO_ZONE) {
                error = EINVAL;
                goto bailout;
        }

        softc = periph->softc;

        switch (bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd) {
        case DISK_ZONE_OPEN:
        case DISK_ZONE_CLOSE:
        case DISK_ZONE_FINISH:
        case DISK_ZONE_RWP: {
                int zone_flags;
                int zone_sa;
                uint64_t lba;

                zone_sa = ada_zone_bio_to_ata(bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd);
                if (zone_sa == -1) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Cannot translate zone "
                            "cmd %#x to ATA\n", bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd);
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto bailout;
                }

                zone_flags = 0;
                lba = bp->bio_zone.zone_params.rwp.id;

                if (bp->bio_zone.zone_params.rwp.flags &
                    DISK_ZONE_RWP_FLAG_ALL)
                        zone_flags |= ZBC_OUT_ALL;

                ata_zac_mgmt_out(&ccb->ataio,
                                 /*retries*/ ada_retry_count,
                                 /*cbfcnp*/ adadone,
                                 /*use_ncq*/ (softc->flags &
                                              ADA_FLAG_PIM_ATA_EXT) ? 1 : 0,
                                 /*zm_action*/ zone_sa,
                                 /*zone_id*/ lba,
                                 /*zone_flags*/ zone_flags,
                                 /*sector_count*/ 0,
                                 /*data_ptr*/ NULL,
                                 /*dxfer_len*/ 0,
                                 /*timeout*/ ada_default_timeout * 1000);
                *queue_ccb = 1;

                break;
        }
        case DISK_ZONE_REPORT_ZONES: {
                uint8_t *rz_ptr;
                uint32_t num_entries, alloc_size;
                struct disk_zone_report *rep;

                rep = &bp->bio_zone.zone_params.report;

                num_entries = rep->entries_allocated;
                if (num_entries == 0) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "No entries allocated for "
                            "Report Zones request\n");
                        error = EINVAL;
                        goto bailout;
                }
                alloc_size = sizeof(struct scsi_report_zones_hdr) +
                    (sizeof(struct scsi_report_zones_desc) * num_entries);
                alloc_size = min(alloc_size, softc->disk->d_maxsize);
                rz_ptr = malloc(alloc_size, M_ATADA, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
                if (rz_ptr == NULL) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Unable to allocate memory "
                           "for Report Zones request\n");
                        error = ENOMEM;
                        goto bailout;
                }

                ata_zac_mgmt_in(&ccb->ataio,
                                /*retries*/ ada_retry_count,
                                /*cbcfnp*/ adadone,
                                /*use_ncq*/ (softc->flags &
                                             ADA_FLAG_PIM_ATA_EXT) ? 1 : 0,
                                /*zm_action*/ ATA_ZM_REPORT_ZONES,
                                /*zone_id*/ rep->starting_id,
                                /*zone_flags*/ rep->rep_options,
                                /*data_ptr*/ rz_ptr,
                                /*dxfer_len*/ alloc_size,
                                /*timeout*/ ada_default_timeout * 1000);

                /*
                 * For BIO_ZONE, this isn't normally needed.  However, it
                 * is used by devstat_end_transaction_bio() to determine
                 * how much data was transferred.
                 */
                /*
                 * XXX KDM we have a problem.  But I'm not sure how to fix
                 * it.  devstat uses bio_bcount - bio_resid to calculate
                 * the amount of data transferred.   The GEOM disk code
                 * uses bio_length - bio_resid to calculate the amount of
                 * data in bio_completed.  We have different structure
                 * sizes above and below the ada(4) driver.  So, if we
                 * use the sizes above, the amount transferred won't be
                 * quite accurate for devstat.  If we use different sizes
                 * for bio_bcount and bio_length (above and below
                 * respectively), then the residual needs to match one or
                 * the other.  Everything is calculated after the bio
                 * leaves the driver, so changing the values around isn't
                 * really an option.  For now, just set the count to the
                 * passed in length.  This means that the calculations
                 * above (e.g. bio_completed) will be correct, but the
                 * amount of data reported to devstat will be slightly
                 * under or overstated.
                 */
                bp->bio_bcount = bp->bio_length;

                *queue_ccb = 1;

                break;
        }
        case DISK_ZONE_GET_PARAMS: {
                struct disk_zone_disk_params *params;

                params = &bp->bio_zone.zone_params.disk_params;
                bzero(params, sizeof(*params));

                switch (softc->zone_mode) {
                case ADA_ZONE_DRIVE_MANAGED:
                        params->zone_mode = DISK_ZONE_MODE_DRIVE_MANAGED;
                        break;
                case ADA_ZONE_HOST_AWARE:
                        params->zone_mode = DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_AWARE;
                        break;
                case ADA_ZONE_HOST_MANAGED:
                        params->zone_mode = DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_MANAGED;
                        break;
                default:
                case ADA_ZONE_NONE:
                        params->zone_mode = DISK_ZONE_MODE_NONE;
                        break;
                }

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_URSWRZ)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_DISK_URSWRZ;

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_SEQ_SET) {
                        params->optimal_seq_zones = softc->optimal_seq_zones;
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_OPT_SEQ_SET;
                }

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_NONSEQ_SET) {
                        params->optimal_nonseq_zones =
                            softc->optimal_nonseq_zones;
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_OPT_NONSEQ_SET;
                }

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_MAX_SEQ_SET) {
                        params->max_seq_zones = softc->max_seq_zones;
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_MAX_SEQ_SET;
                }
                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RZ_SUP)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_RZ_SUP;

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPEN_SUP)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_OPEN_SUP;

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_CLOSE_SUP)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_CLOSE_SUP;

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_FINISH_SUP)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_FINISH_SUP;

                if (softc->zone_flags & ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RWP_SUP)
                        params->flags |= DISK_ZONE_RWP_SUP;
                break;
        }
        default:
                break;
        }
bailout:
        return (error);
}

static void
adastart(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *start_ccb)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        struct ccb_ataio *ataio = &start_ccb->ataio;
        uint32_t priority = start_ccb->ccb_h.pinfo.priority;

        CAM_DEBUG(periph->path, CAM_DEBUG_TRACE, ("adastart\n"));

        /*
         * When we're running the state machine, we should only accept DEV CCBs.
         * When we're doing normal I/O we should only accept NORMAL CCBs.
         *
         * While in the state machine, we carefully single step the queue, but
         * there's no protection for 'extra' calls to xpt_schedule() at the
         * wrong priority. Guard against that so that we filter any CCBs that
         * are offered at the wrong priority. This avoids generating requests
         * that are at normal priority.
`        */
        if ((softc->state != ADA_STATE_NORMAL && priority != CAM_PRIORITY_DEV) ||
            (softc->state == ADA_STATE_NORMAL && priority != CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL)) {
                xpt_print(periph->path, "Bad priority for state %d prio %d\n",
                    softc->state, priority);
                xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                return;
        }

        switch (softc->state) {
        case ADA_STATE_NORMAL:
        {
                struct bio *bp;
                uint8_t tag_code;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state normal",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL, priority));

                bp = cam_iosched_next_bio(softc->cam_iosched);
                if (bp == NULL) {
                        xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                if ((bp->bio_flags & BIO_ORDERED) != 0 ||
                    (bp->bio_cmd != BIO_DELETE && (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_NEED_OTAG) != 0)) {
                        softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_NEED_OTAG;
                        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_WAS_OTAG;
                        tag_code = 0;
                } else {
                        tag_code = 1;
                }
                switch (bp->bio_cmd) {
                case BIO_WRITE:
                case BIO_READ:
                {
                        uint64_t lba = bp->bio_pblkno;
                        uint16_t count = bp->bio_bcount / softc->params.secsize;
                        void *data_ptr;
                        int rw_op;

                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_WRITE) {
                                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_DIRTY;
                                rw_op = CAM_DIR_OUT;
                        } else {
                                rw_op = CAM_DIR_IN;
                        }

                        data_ptr = bp->bio_data;
                        if ((bp->bio_flags & (BIO_UNMAPPED|BIO_VLIST)) != 0) {
                                rw_op |= CAM_DATA_BIO;
                                data_ptr = bp;
                        }

#ifdef CAM_TEST_FAILURE
                        int fail = 0;

                        /*
                         * Support the failure ioctls.  If the command is a
                         * read, and there are pending forced read errors, or
                         * if a write and pending write errors, then fail this
                         * operation with EIO.  This is useful for testing
                         * purposes.  Also, support having every Nth read fail.
                         *
                         * This is a rather blunt tool.
                         */
                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                if (softc->force_read_error) {
                                        softc->force_read_error--;
                                        fail = 1;
                                }
                                if (softc->periodic_read_error > 0) {
                                        if (++softc->periodic_read_count >=
                                            softc->periodic_read_error) {
                                                softc->periodic_read_count = 0;
                                                fail = 1;
                                        }
                                }
                        } else {
                                if (softc->force_write_error) {
                                        softc->force_write_error--;
                                        fail = 1;
                                }
                        }
                        if (fail) {
                                biofinish(bp, NULL, EIO);
                                xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                                adaschedule(periph);
                                return;
                        }
#endif
                        KASSERT((bp->bio_flags & BIO_UNMAPPED) == 0 ||
                            round_page(bp->bio_bcount + bp->bio_ma_offset) /
                            PAGE_SIZE == bp->bio_ma_n,
                            ("Short bio %p", bp));
                        cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
                            ada_retry_count,
                            adadone,
                            rw_op,
                            0,
                            data_ptr,
                            bp->bio_bcount,
                            ada_default_timeout*1000);

                        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ) && tag_code) {
                                if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                        ata_ncq_cmd(ataio, ATA_READ_FPDMA_QUEUED,
                                            lba, count);
                                } else {
                                        ata_ncq_cmd(ataio, ATA_WRITE_FPDMA_QUEUED,
                                            lba, count);
                                }
                        } else if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT) &&
                            (lba + count >= ATA_MAX_28BIT_LBA ||
                            count > 256)) {
                                if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA48) {
                                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                                ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_READ_DMA48,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        } else {
                                                ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_WRITE_DMA48,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        }
                                } else {
                                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                                ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_READ_MUL48,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        } else {
                                                ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_WRITE_MUL48,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        }
                                }
                        } else {
                                if (count == 256)
                                        count = 0;
                                if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA) {
                                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                                ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_READ_DMA,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        } else {
                                                ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_WRITE_DMA,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        }
                                } else {
                                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_READ) {
                                                ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_READ_MUL,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        } else {
                                                ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_WRITE_MUL,
                                                    0, lba, count);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                }
                case BIO_DELETE:
                        switch (softc->delete_method) {
                        case ADA_DELETE_NCQ_DSM_TRIM:
                                ada_ncq_dsmtrim(softc, bp, ataio);
                                break;
                        case ADA_DELETE_DSM_TRIM:
                                ada_dsmtrim(softc, bp, ataio);
                                break;
                        case ADA_DELETE_CFA_ERASE:
                                ada_cfaerase(softc, bp, ataio);
                                break;
                        default:
                                biofinish(bp, NULL, EOPNOTSUPP);
                                xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                                adaschedule(periph);
                                return;
                        }
                        start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_TRIM;
                        start_ccb->ccb_h.flags |= CAM_UNLOCKED;
                        cam_iosched_submit_trim(softc->cam_iosched);
                        goto out;
                case BIO_FLUSH:
                        cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
                            1,
                            adadone,
                            CAM_DIR_NONE,
                            0,
                            NULL,
                            0,
                            ada_default_timeout*1000);

                        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)
                                ata_48bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE48, 0, 0, 0);
                        else
                                ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE, 0, 0, 0);
                        break;
                case BIO_ZONE: {
                        int error, queue_ccb;

                        queue_ccb = 0;

                        error = ada_zone_cmd(periph, start_ccb, bp, &queue_ccb);
                        if ((error != 0)
                         || (queue_ccb == 0)) {
                                /*
                                 * g_io_deliver will recurisvely call start
                                 * routine for ENOMEM, so drop the periph
                                 * lock to allow that recursion.
                                 */
                                if (error == ENOMEM)
                                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                                biofinish(bp, NULL, error);
                                if (error == ENOMEM)
                                        cam_periph_lock(periph);
                                xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                                return;
                        }
                        break;
                }
                default:
                        biofinish(bp, NULL, EOPNOTSUPP);
                        xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                        return;
                }
                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_BUFFER_IO;
                start_ccb->ccb_h.flags |= CAM_UNLOCKED;
out:
                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_bp = bp;
                softc->outstanding_cmds++;
                softc->refcount++;
                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                cam_periph_lock(periph);

                /* May have more work to do, so ensure we stay scheduled */
                adaschedule(periph);
                break;
        }
        case ADA_STATE_RAHEAD:
        case ADA_STATE_WCACHE:
        {
                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state %s",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority,
                        softc->state == ADA_STATE_RAHEAD ? "rahead" : "wcache"));

                cam_fill_ataio(ataio,
                    1,
                    adadone,
                    CAM_DIR_NONE,
                    0,
                    NULL,
                    0,
                    ada_default_timeout*1000);

                if (softc->state == ADA_STATE_RAHEAD) {
                        ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_SETFEATURES, ADA_RA ?
                            ATA_SF_ENAB_RCACHE : ATA_SF_DIS_RCACHE, 0, 0);
                        start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_RAHEAD;
                } else {
                        ata_28bit_cmd(ataio, ATA_SETFEATURES, ADA_WC ?
                            ATA_SF_ENAB_WCACHE : ATA_SF_DIS_WCACHE, 0, 0);
                        start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_WCACHE;
                }
                start_ccb->ccb_h.flags |= CAM_DEV_QFREEZE;
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                break;
        }
        case ADA_STATE_LOGDIR:
        {
                struct ata_gp_log_dir *log_dir;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state logdir",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG) == 0) {
                        adaprobedone(periph, start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                log_dir = malloc(sizeof(*log_dir), M_ATADA, M_NOWAIT|M_ZERO);
                if (log_dir == NULL) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Couldn't malloc log_dir "
                            "data\n");
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_NORMAL;
                        xpt_release_ccb(start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                ata_read_log(ataio,
                    /*retries*/1,
                    /*cbfcnp*/adadone,
                    /*log_address*/ ATA_LOG_DIRECTORY,
                    /*page_number*/ 0,
                    /*block_count*/ 1,
                    /*protocol*/ softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA ?
                                 CAM_ATAIO_DMA : 0,
                    /*data_ptr*/ (uint8_t *)log_dir,
                    /*dxfer_len*/sizeof(*log_dir),
                    /*timeout*/ada_default_timeout*1000);

                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_LOGDIR;
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                break;
        }
        case ADA_STATE_IDDIR:
        {
                struct ata_identify_log_pages *id_dir;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state iddir",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                id_dir = malloc(sizeof(*id_dir), M_ATADA, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
                if (id_dir == NULL) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Couldn't malloc id_dir "
                            "data\n");
                        adaprobedone(periph, start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                ata_read_log(ataio,
                    /*retries*/1,
                    /*cbfcnp*/adadone,
                    /*log_address*/ ATA_IDENTIFY_DATA_LOG,
                    /*page_number*/ ATA_IDL_PAGE_LIST,
                    /*block_count*/ 1,
                    /*protocol*/ softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA ?
                                 CAM_ATAIO_DMA : 0,
                    /*data_ptr*/ (uint8_t *)id_dir,
                    /*dxfer_len*/ sizeof(*id_dir),
                    /*timeout*/ada_default_timeout*1000);

                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_IDDIR;
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                break;
        }
        case ADA_STATE_SUP_CAP:
        {
                struct ata_identify_log_sup_cap *sup_cap;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state sup_cap",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                sup_cap = malloc(sizeof(*sup_cap), M_ATADA, M_NOWAIT|M_ZERO);
                if (sup_cap == NULL) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Couldn't malloc sup_cap "
                            "data\n");
                        adaprobedone(periph, start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                ata_read_log(ataio,
                    /*retries*/1,
                    /*cbfcnp*/adadone,
                    /*log_address*/ ATA_IDENTIFY_DATA_LOG,
                    /*page_number*/ ATA_IDL_SUP_CAP,
                    /*block_count*/ 1,
                    /*protocol*/ softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA ?
                                 CAM_ATAIO_DMA : 0,
                    /*data_ptr*/ (uint8_t *)sup_cap,
                    /*dxfer_len*/ sizeof(*sup_cap),
                    /*timeout*/ada_default_timeout*1000);

                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_SUP_CAP;
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                break;
        }
        case ADA_STATE_ZONE:
        {
                struct ata_zoned_info_log *ata_zone;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in state zone",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                ata_zone = malloc(sizeof(*ata_zone), M_ATADA, M_NOWAIT|M_ZERO);
                if (ata_zone == NULL) {
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Couldn't malloc ata_zone "
                            "data\n");
                        adaprobedone(periph, start_ccb);
                        break;
                }

                ata_read_log(ataio,
                    /*retries*/1,
                    /*cbfcnp*/adadone,
                    /*log_address*/ ATA_IDENTIFY_DATA_LOG,
                    /*page_number*/ ATA_IDL_ZDI,
                    /*block_count*/ 1,
                    /*protocol*/ softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_DMA ?
                                 CAM_ATAIO_DMA : 0,
                    /*data_ptr*/ (uint8_t *)ata_zone,
                    /*dxfer_len*/ sizeof(*ata_zone),
                    /*timeout*/ada_default_timeout*1000);

                start_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_ZONE;
                xpt_action(start_ccb);
                break;
        }
        }
}

static void
adaprobedone(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        /*
         * Since our peripheral may be invalidated by an error we must release
         * our CCB before releasing the reference on the peripheral.  The
         * peripheral will only go away once the last reference is removed, and
         * we need it around for the CCB release operation.
         */
        if (ccb != NULL)
                xpt_release_ccb(ccb);

        softc->state = ADA_STATE_NORMAL;
        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_PROBED;
        adaschedule(periph);
        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_ANNOUNCED) == 0) {
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_ANNOUNCED;

                /*
                 * We'll release this reference once GEOM calls us back via
                 * adadiskgonecb(), telling us that our provider has been freed.
                 */
                if (cam_periph_acquire(periph) == 0)
                        disk_create(softc->disk, DISK_VERSION);

                cam_periph_release_boot(periph);
        }
        cam_periph_release_locked(periph);
}

static void
adazonedone(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *ccb)
{
        struct bio *bp;

        bp = (struct bio *)ccb->ccb_h.ccb_bp;

        switch (bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd) {
        case DISK_ZONE_OPEN:
        case DISK_ZONE_CLOSE:
        case DISK_ZONE_FINISH:
        case DISK_ZONE_RWP:
                break;
        case DISK_ZONE_REPORT_ZONES: {
                uint32_t avail_len;
                struct disk_zone_report *rep;
                struct scsi_report_zones_hdr *hdr;
                struct scsi_report_zones_desc *desc;
                struct disk_zone_rep_entry *entry;
                uint32_t hdr_len, num_avail;
                uint32_t num_to_fill, i;

                rep = &bp->bio_zone.zone_params.report;
                avail_len = ccb->ataio.dxfer_len - ccb->ataio.resid;
                /*
                 * Note that bio_resid isn't normally used for zone
                 * commands, but it is used by devstat_end_transaction_bio()
                 * to determine how much data was transferred.  Because
                 * the size of the SCSI/ATA data structures is different
                 * than the size of the BIO interface structures, the
                 * amount of data actually transferred from the drive will
                 * be different than the amount of data transferred to
                 * the user.
                 */
                hdr = (struct scsi_report_zones_hdr *)ccb->ataio.data_ptr;
                if (avail_len < sizeof(*hdr)) {
                        /*
                         * Is there a better error than EIO here?  We asked
                         * for at least the header, and we got less than
                         * that.
                         */
                        bp->bio_error = EIO;
                        bp->bio_flags |= BIO_ERROR;
                        bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount;
                        break;
                }

                hdr_len = le32dec(hdr->length);
                if (hdr_len > 0)
                        rep->entries_available = hdr_len / sizeof(*desc);
                else
                        rep->entries_available = 0;
                /*
                 * NOTE: using the same values for the BIO version of the
                 * same field as the SCSI/ATA values.  This means we could
                 * get some additional values that aren't defined in bio.h
                 * if more values of the same field are defined later.
                 */
                rep->header.same = hdr->byte4 & SRZ_SAME_MASK;
                rep->header.maximum_lba = le64dec(hdr->maximum_lba);
                /*
                 * If the drive reports no entries that match the query,
                 * we're done.
                 */
                if (hdr_len == 0) {
                        rep->entries_filled = 0;
                        bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount;
                        break;
                }

                num_avail = min((avail_len - sizeof(*hdr)) / sizeof(*desc),
                                hdr_len / sizeof(*desc));
                /*
                 * If the drive didn't return any data, then we're done.
                 */
                if (num_avail == 0) {
                        rep->entries_filled = 0;
                        bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount;
                        break;
                }

                num_to_fill = min(num_avail, rep->entries_allocated);
                /*
                 * If the user didn't allocate any entries for us to fill,
                 * we're done.
                 */
                if (num_to_fill == 0) {
                        rep->entries_filled = 0;
                        bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount;
                        break;
                }

                for (i = 0, desc = &hdr->desc_list[0], entry=&rep->entries[0];
                     i < num_to_fill; i++, desc++, entry++) {
                        /*
                         * NOTE: we're mapping the values here directly
                         * from the SCSI/ATA bit definitions to the bio.h
                         * definitions.  There is also a warning in
                         * disk_zone.h, but the impact is that if
                         * additional values are added in the SCSI/ATA
                         * specs these will be visible to consumers of
                         * this interface.
                         */
                        entry->zone_type = desc->zone_type & SRZ_TYPE_MASK;
                        entry->zone_condition =
                            (desc->zone_flags & SRZ_ZONE_COND_MASK) >>
                            SRZ_ZONE_COND_SHIFT;
                        entry->zone_flags |= desc->zone_flags &
                            (SRZ_ZONE_NON_SEQ|SRZ_ZONE_RESET);
                        entry->zone_length = le64dec(desc->zone_length);
                        entry->zone_start_lba = le64dec(desc->zone_start_lba);
                        entry->write_pointer_lba =
                            le64dec(desc->write_pointer_lba);
                }
                rep->entries_filled = num_to_fill;
                /*
                 * Note that this residual is accurate from the user's
                 * standpoint, but the amount transferred isn't accurate
                 * from the standpoint of what actually came back from the
                 * drive.
                 */
                bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount - (num_to_fill * sizeof(*entry));
                break;
        }
        case DISK_ZONE_GET_PARAMS:
        default:
                /*
                 * In theory we should not get a GET_PARAMS bio, since it
                 * should be handled without queueing the command to the
                 * drive.
                 */
                panic("%s: Invalid zone command %d", __func__,
                    bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd);
                break;
        }

        if (bp->bio_zone.zone_cmd == DISK_ZONE_REPORT_ZONES)
                free(ccb->ataio.data_ptr, M_ATADA);
}

static void
adadone(struct cam_periph *periph, union ccb *done_ccb)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        struct ccb_ataio *ataio;
        struct cam_path *path;
        uint32_t priority;
        int state;

        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
        ataio = &done_ccb->ataio;
        path = done_ccb->ccb_h.path;
        priority = done_ccb->ccb_h.pinfo.priority;

        CAM_DEBUG(path, CAM_DEBUG_TRACE, ("adadone\n"));

        state = ataio->ccb_h.ccb_state & ADA_CCB_TYPE_MASK;
        switch (state) {
        case ADA_CCB_BUFFER_IO:
        case ADA_CCB_TRIM:
        {
                struct bio *bp;
                int error;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d for normal I/O",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL, priority));

                cam_periph_lock(periph);
                bp = (struct bio *)done_ccb->ccb_h.ccb_bp;
                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) != CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        error = adaerror(done_ccb, CAM_RETRY_SELTO, 0);
                        if (error == ERESTART) {
                                /* A retry was scheduled, so just return. */
                                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                                return;
                        }
                        if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0)
                                cam_release_devq(path,
                                                 /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                                 /*reduction*/0,
                                                 /*timeout*/0,
                                                 /*getcount_only*/0);
                        /*
                         * If we get an error on an NCQ DSM TRIM, fall back
                         * to a non-NCQ DSM TRIM forever. Please note that if
                         * CAN_NCQ_TRIM is set, CAN_TRIM is necessarily set too.
                         * However, for this one trim, we treat it as advisory
                         * and return success up the stack.
                         */
                        if (state == ADA_CCB_TRIM &&
                            error != 0 &&
                            (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM) != 0) {
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_NCQ_TRIM;
                                error = 0;
                                adasetdeletemethod(softc);
                        }
                } else {
                        if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0)
                                panic("REQ_CMP with QFRZN");

                        error = 0;
                }
                bp->bio_error = error;
                if (error != 0) {
                        bp->bio_resid = bp->bio_bcount;
                        bp->bio_flags |= BIO_ERROR;
                } else {
                        if (bp->bio_cmd == BIO_ZONE)
                                adazonedone(periph, done_ccb);
                        else if (state == ADA_CCB_TRIM)
                                bp->bio_resid = 0;
                        else
                                bp->bio_resid = ataio->resid;

                        if ((bp->bio_resid > 0)
                         && (bp->bio_cmd != BIO_ZONE))
                                bp->bio_flags |= BIO_ERROR;
                }
                softc->outstanding_cmds--;
                if (softc->outstanding_cmds == 0)
                        softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_WAS_OTAG;

                /*
                 * We need to call cam_iosched before we call biodone so that we
                 * don't measure any activity that happens in the completion
                 * routine, which in the case of sendfile can be quite
                 * extensive.  Release the periph refcount taken in adastart()
                 * for each CCB.
                 */
                cam_iosched_bio_complete(softc->cam_iosched, bp, done_ccb);
                xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                KASSERT(softc->refcount >= 1, ("adadone softc %p refcount %d", softc, softc->refcount));
                softc->refcount--;
                if (state == ADA_CCB_TRIM) {
                        TAILQ_HEAD(, bio) queue;
                        struct bio *bp1;

                        TAILQ_INIT(&queue);
                        TAILQ_CONCAT(&queue, &softc->trim_req.bps, bio_queue);
                        /*
                         * Normally, the xpt_release_ccb() above would make sure
                         * that when we have more work to do, that work would
                         * get kicked off. However, we specifically keep
                         * trim_running set to 0 before the call above to allow
                         * other I/O to progress when many BIO_DELETE requests
                         * are pushed down. We set trim_running to 0 and call
                         * daschedule again so that we don't stall if there are
                         * no other I/Os pending apart from BIO_DELETEs.
                         */
                        cam_iosched_trim_done(softc->cam_iosched);
                        adaschedule(periph);
                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                        while ((bp1 = TAILQ_FIRST(&queue)) != NULL) {
                                TAILQ_REMOVE(&queue, bp1, bio_queue);
                                bp1->bio_error = error;
                                if (error != 0) {
                                        bp1->bio_flags |= BIO_ERROR;
                                        bp1->bio_resid = bp1->bio_bcount;
                                } else
                                        bp1->bio_resid = 0;
                                biodone(bp1);
                        }
                } else {
                        adaschedule(periph);
                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                        biodone(bp);
                }
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_RAHEAD:
        {
                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state rahead",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) != CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        if (adaerror(done_ccb, 0, 0) == ERESTART) {
                                /* Drop freeze taken due to CAM_DEV_QFREEZE */
                                cam_release_devq(path, 0, 0, 0, FALSE);
                                return;
                        } else if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                cam_release_devq(path,
                                    /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                    /*reduction*/0,
                                    /*timeout*/0,
                                    /*getcount_only*/0);
                        }
                }

                xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                softc->state = ADA_STATE_WCACHE;
                xpt_schedule(periph, priority);
                /* Drop freeze taken due to CAM_DEV_QFREEZE */
                cam_release_devq(path, 0, 0, 0, FALSE);
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_WCACHE:
        {
                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state wcache",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) != CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        if (adaerror(done_ccb, 0, 0) == ERESTART) {
                                /* Drop freeze taken due to CAM_DEV_QFREEZE */
                                cam_release_devq(path, 0, 0, 0, FALSE);
                                return;
                        } else if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                cam_release_devq(path,
                                    /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                    /*reduction*/0,
                                    /*timeout*/0,
                                    /*getcount_only*/0);
                        }
                }

                /* Drop freeze taken due to CAM_DEV_QFREEZE */
                cam_release_devq(path, 0, 0, 0, FALSE);

                if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG)
                 && (softc->zone_mode != ADA_ZONE_NONE)) {
                        xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_LOGDIR;
                        xpt_schedule(periph, priority);
                } else {
                        adaprobedone(periph, done_ccb);
                }
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_LOGDIR:
        {
                int error;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state logdir",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) == CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        error = 0;
                        softc->valid_logdir_len = 0;
                        bzero(&softc->ata_logdir, sizeof(softc->ata_logdir));
                        softc->valid_logdir_len =
                                ataio->dxfer_len - ataio->resid;
                        if (softc->valid_logdir_len > 0)
                                bcopy(ataio->data_ptr, &softc->ata_logdir,
                                    min(softc->valid_logdir_len,
                                        sizeof(softc->ata_logdir)));
                        /*
                         * Figure out whether the Identify Device log is
                         * supported.  The General Purpose log directory
                         * has a header, and lists the number of pages
                         * available for each GP log identified by the
                         * offset into the list.
                         */
                        if ((softc->valid_logdir_len >=
                            ((ATA_IDENTIFY_DATA_LOG + 1) * sizeof(uint16_t)))
                         && (le16dec(softc->ata_logdir.header) ==
                             ATA_GP_LOG_DIR_VERSION)
                         && (le16dec(&softc->ata_logdir.num_pages[
                             (ATA_IDENTIFY_DATA_LOG *
                             sizeof(uint16_t)) - sizeof(uint16_t)]) > 0)){
                                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG;
                        } else {
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG;
                        }
                } else {
                        error = adaerror(done_ccb, CAM_RETRY_SELTO,
                                         SF_RETRY_UA|SF_NO_PRINT);
                        if (error == ERESTART)
                                return;
                        else if (error != 0) {
                                /*
                                 * If we can't get the ATA log directory,
                                 * then ATA logs are effectively not
                                 * supported even if the bit is set in the
                                 * identify data.
                                 */
                                softc->flags &= ~(ADA_FLAG_CAN_LOG |
                                                  ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG);
                                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status &
                                     CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                        /* Don't wedge this device's queue */
                                        cam_release_devq(done_ccb->ccb_h.path,
                                                         /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                                         /*reduction*/0,
                                                         /*timeout*/0,
                                                         /*getcount_only*/0);
                                }
                        }
                }

                free(ataio->data_ptr, M_ATADA);

                if ((error == 0)
                 && (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG)) {
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_IDDIR;
                        xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                        xpt_schedule(periph, priority);
                } else
                        adaprobedone(periph, done_ccb);

                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_IDDIR: {
                int error;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state iddir",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((ataio->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) == CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        off_t entries_offset, max_entries;
                        error = 0;

                        softc->valid_iddir_len = 0;
                        bzero(&softc->ata_iddir, sizeof(softc->ata_iddir));
                        softc->flags &= ~(ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP |
                                          ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE);
                        softc->valid_iddir_len =
                                ataio->dxfer_len - ataio->resid;
                        if (softc->valid_iddir_len > 0)
                                bcopy(ataio->data_ptr, &softc->ata_iddir,
                                    min(softc->valid_iddir_len,
                                        sizeof(softc->ata_iddir)));

                        entries_offset =
                            __offsetof(struct ata_identify_log_pages,entries);
                        max_entries = softc->valid_iddir_len - entries_offset;
                        if ((softc->valid_iddir_len > (entries_offset + 1))
                         && (le64dec(softc->ata_iddir.header) ==
                             ATA_IDLOG_REVISION)
                         && (softc->ata_iddir.entry_count > 0)) {
                                int num_entries, i;

                                num_entries = softc->ata_iddir.entry_count;
                                num_entries = min(num_entries,
                                   softc->valid_iddir_len - entries_offset);
                                for (i = 0; i < num_entries &&
                                     i < max_entries; i++) {
                                        if (softc->ata_iddir.entries[i] ==
                                            ATA_IDL_SUP_CAP)
                                                softc->flags |=
                                                    ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP;
                                        else if (softc->ata_iddir.entries[i]==
                                                 ATA_IDL_ZDI)
                                                softc->flags |=
                                                    ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE;

                                        if ((softc->flags &
                                             ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP)
                                         && (softc->flags &
                                             ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE))
                                                break;
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        error = adaerror(done_ccb, CAM_RETRY_SELTO,
                                         SF_RETRY_UA|SF_NO_PRINT);
                        if (error == ERESTART)
                                return;
                        else if (error != 0) {
                                /*
                                 * If we can't get the ATA Identify Data log
                                 * directory, then it effectively isn't
                                 * supported even if the ATA Log directory
                                 * a non-zero number of pages present for
                                 * this log.
                                 */
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_IDLOG;
                                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status &
                                     CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                        /* Don't wedge this device's queue */
                                        cam_release_devq(done_ccb->ccb_h.path,
                                                         /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                                         /*reduction*/0,
                                                         /*timeout*/0,
                                                         /*getcount_only*/0);
                                }
                        }
                }

                free(ataio->data_ptr, M_ATADA);

                if ((error == 0)
                 && (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP)) {
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_SUP_CAP;
                        xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                        xpt_schedule(periph, priority);
                } else
                        adaprobedone(periph, done_ccb);
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_SUP_CAP: {
                int error;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state sup_cap",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((ataio->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) == CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        uint32_t valid_len;
                        size_t needed_size;
                        struct ata_identify_log_sup_cap *sup_cap;
                        error = 0;

                        sup_cap = (struct ata_identify_log_sup_cap *)
                            ataio->data_ptr;
                        valid_len = ataio->dxfer_len - ataio->resid;
                        needed_size =
                            __offsetof(struct ata_identify_log_sup_cap,
                            sup_zac_cap) + 1 + sizeof(sup_cap->sup_zac_cap);
                        if (valid_len >= needed_size) {
                                uint64_t zoned, zac_cap;

                                zoned = le64dec(sup_cap->zoned_cap);
                                if (zoned & ATA_ZONED_VALID) {
                                        /*
                                         * This should have already been
                                         * set, because this is also in the
                                         * ATA identify data.
                                         */
                                        if ((zoned & ATA_ZONED_MASK) ==
                                            ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_HOST_AWARE)
                                                softc->zone_mode =
                                                    ADA_ZONE_HOST_AWARE;
                                        else if ((zoned & ATA_ZONED_MASK) ==
                                            ATA_SUPPORT_ZONE_DEV_MANAGED)
                                                softc->zone_mode =
                                                    ADA_ZONE_DRIVE_MANAGED;
                                }

                                zac_cap = le64dec(sup_cap->sup_zac_cap);
                                if (zac_cap & ATA_SUP_ZAC_CAP_VALID) {
                                        if (zac_cap & ATA_REPORT_ZONES_SUP)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RZ_SUP;
                                        if (zac_cap & ATA_ND_OPEN_ZONE_SUP)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPEN_SUP;
                                        if (zac_cap & ATA_ND_CLOSE_ZONE_SUP)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_CLOSE_SUP;
                                        if (zac_cap & ATA_ND_FINISH_ZONE_SUP)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_FINISH_SUP;
                                        if (zac_cap & ATA_ND_RWP_SUP)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_RWP_SUP;
                                } else {
                                        /*
                                         * This field was introduced in
                                         * ACS-4, r08 on April 28th, 2015.
                                         * If the drive firmware was written
                                         * to an earlier spec, it won't have
                                         * the field.  So, assume all
                                         * commands are supported.
                                         */
                                        softc->zone_flags |=
                                            ADA_ZONE_FLAG_SUP_MASK;
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        error = adaerror(done_ccb, CAM_RETRY_SELTO,
                                         SF_RETRY_UA|SF_NO_PRINT);
                        if (error == ERESTART)
                                return;
                        else if (error != 0) {
                                /*
                                 * If we can't get the ATA Identify Data
                                 * Supported Capabilities page, clear the
                                 * flag...
                                 */
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_SUPCAP;
                                /*
                                 * And clear zone capabilities.
                                 */
                                softc->zone_flags &= ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_SUP_MASK;
                                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status &
                                     CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                        /* Don't wedge this device's queue */
                                        cam_release_devq(done_ccb->ccb_h.path,
                                                         /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                                         /*reduction*/0,
                                                         /*timeout*/0,
                                                         /*getcount_only*/0);
                                }
                        }
                }

                free(ataio->data_ptr, M_ATADA);

                if ((error == 0)
                 && (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE)) {
                        softc->state = ADA_STATE_ZONE;
                        xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
                        xpt_schedule(periph, priority);
                } else
                        adaprobedone(periph, done_ccb);
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_ZONE: {
                int error;

                KASSERT(priority == CAM_PRIORITY_DEV,
                    ("Expected priority %d, found %d in ccb state zone",
                        CAM_PRIORITY_DEV, priority));

                if ((ataio->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) == CAM_REQ_CMP) {
                        struct ata_zoned_info_log *zi_log;
                        uint32_t valid_len;
                        size_t needed_size;

                        zi_log = (struct ata_zoned_info_log *)ataio->data_ptr;

                        valid_len = ataio->dxfer_len - ataio->resid;
                        needed_size = __offsetof(struct ata_zoned_info_log,
                            version_info) + 1 + sizeof(zi_log->version_info);
                        if (valid_len >= needed_size) {
                                uint64_t tmpvar;

                                tmpvar = le64dec(zi_log->zoned_cap);
                                if (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_CAP_VALID) {
                                        if (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_CAP_URSWRZ)
                                                softc->zone_flags |=
                                                    ADA_ZONE_FLAG_URSWRZ;
                                        else
                                                softc->zone_flags &=
                                                    ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_URSWRZ;
                                }
                                tmpvar = le64dec(zi_log->optimal_seq_zones);
                                if (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_OPT_SEQ_VALID) {
                                        softc->zone_flags |=
                                            ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_SEQ_SET;
                                        softc->optimal_seq_zones = (tmpvar &
                                            ATA_ZDI_OPT_SEQ_MASK);
                                } else {
                                        softc->zone_flags &=
                                            ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_SEQ_SET;
                                        softc->optimal_seq_zones = 0;
                                }

                                tmpvar =le64dec(zi_log->optimal_nonseq_zones);
                                if (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_OPT_NS_VALID) {
                                        softc->zone_flags |=
                                            ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_NONSEQ_SET;
                                        softc->optimal_nonseq_zones =
                                            (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_OPT_NS_MASK);
                                } else {
                                        softc->zone_flags &=
                                            ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_OPT_NONSEQ_SET;
                                        softc->optimal_nonseq_zones = 0;
                                }

                                tmpvar = le64dec(zi_log->max_seq_req_zones);
                                if (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_MAX_SEQ_VALID) {
                                        softc->zone_flags |=
                                            ADA_ZONE_FLAG_MAX_SEQ_SET;
                                        softc->max_seq_zones =
                                            (tmpvar & ATA_ZDI_MAX_SEQ_MASK);
                                } else {
                                        softc->zone_flags &=
                                            ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_MAX_SEQ_SET;
                                        softc->max_seq_zones = 0;
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        error = adaerror(done_ccb, CAM_RETRY_SELTO,
                                         SF_RETRY_UA|SF_NO_PRINT);
                        if (error == ERESTART)
                                return;
                        else if (error != 0) {
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_CAN_ZONE;
                                softc->flags &= ~ADA_ZONE_FLAG_SET_MASK;

                                if ((done_ccb->ccb_h.status &
                                     CAM_DEV_QFRZN) != 0) {
                                        /* Don't wedge this device's queue */
                                        cam_release_devq(done_ccb->ccb_h.path,
                                                         /*relsim_flags*/0,
                                                         /*reduction*/0,
                                                         /*timeout*/0,
                                                         /*getcount_only*/0);
                                }
                        }
                }
                free(ataio->data_ptr, M_ATADA);

                adaprobedone(periph, done_ccb);
                return;
        }
        case ADA_CCB_DUMP:
                /* No-op.  We're polling */
                return;
        default:
                break;
        }
        xpt_release_ccb(done_ccb);
}

static int
adaerror(union ccb *ccb, uint32_t cam_flags, uint32_t sense_flags)
{
#ifdef CAM_IO_STATS
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        struct cam_periph *periph;

        periph = xpt_path_periph(ccb->ccb_h.path);
        softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;

        switch (ccb->ccb_h.status & CAM_STATUS_MASK) {
        case CAM_CMD_TIMEOUT:
                softc->timeouts++;
                break;
        case CAM_REQ_ABORTED:
        case CAM_REQ_CMP_ERR:
        case CAM_REQ_TERMIO:
        case CAM_UNREC_HBA_ERROR:
        case CAM_DATA_RUN_ERR:
        case CAM_ATA_STATUS_ERROR:
                softc->errors++;
                break;
        default:
                break;
        }
#endif

        return(cam_periph_error(ccb, cam_flags, sense_flags));
}

static void
adasetgeom(struct ada_softc *softc, struct ccb_getdev *cgd)
{
        struct disk_params *dp = &softc->params;
        uint64_t lbasize48;
        uint32_t lbasize;
        u_int maxio, d_flags;
        size_t tmpsize;

        dp->secsize = ata_logical_sector_size(&cgd->ident_data);
        if ((cgd->ident_data.atavalid & ATA_FLAG_54_58) &&
            cgd->ident_data.current_heads != 0 &&
            cgd->ident_data.current_sectors != 0) {
                dp->heads = cgd->ident_data.current_heads;
                dp->secs_per_track = cgd->ident_data.current_sectors;
                dp->cylinders = cgd->ident_data.cylinders;
                dp->sectors = (uint32_t)cgd->ident_data.current_size_1 |
                          ((uint32_t)cgd->ident_data.current_size_2 << 16);
        } else {
                dp->heads = cgd->ident_data.heads;
                dp->secs_per_track = cgd->ident_data.sectors;
                dp->cylinders = cgd->ident_data.cylinders;
                dp->sectors = cgd->ident_data.cylinders *
                              (uint32_t)(dp->heads * dp->secs_per_track);
        }
        lbasize = (uint32_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size_1 |
                  ((uint32_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size_2 << 16);

        /* use the 28bit LBA size if valid or bigger than the CHS mapping */
        if (cgd->ident_data.cylinders == 16383 || dp->sectors < lbasize)
                dp->sectors = lbasize;

        /* use the 48bit LBA size if valid */
        lbasize48 = ((uint64_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size48_1) |
                    ((uint64_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size48_2 << 16) |
                    ((uint64_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size48_3 << 32) |
                    ((uint64_t)cgd->ident_data.lba_size48_4 << 48);
        if ((cgd->ident_data.support.command2 & ATA_SUPPORT_ADDRESS48) &&
            lbasize48 > ATA_MAX_28BIT_LBA)
                dp->sectors = lbasize48;

        maxio = softc->cpi.maxio;               /* Honor max I/O size of SIM */
        if (maxio == 0)
                maxio = DFLTPHYS;       /* traditional default */
        else if (maxio > maxphys)
                maxio = maxphys;        /* for safety */
        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)
                maxio = min(maxio, 65536 * softc->params.secsize);
        else                                    /* 28bit ATA command limit */
                maxio = min(maxio, 256 * softc->params.secsize);
        if (softc->quirks & ADA_Q_128KB)
                maxio = min(maxio, 128 * 1024);
        softc->disk->d_maxsize = maxio;
        d_flags = DISKFLAG_DIRECT_COMPLETION | DISKFLAG_CANZONE;
        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE)
                d_flags |= DISKFLAG_CANFLUSHCACHE;
        if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_TRIM) {
                d_flags |= DISKFLAG_CANDELETE;
                softc->disk->d_delmaxsize = softc->params.secsize *
                    ATA_DSM_RANGE_MAX * softc->trim_max_ranges;
        } else if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_CFA) &&
            !(softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)) {
                d_flags |= DISKFLAG_CANDELETE;
                softc->disk->d_delmaxsize = 256 * softc->params.secsize;
        } else
                softc->disk->d_delmaxsize = maxio;
        if ((softc->cpi.hba_misc & PIM_UNMAPPED) != 0) {
                d_flags |= DISKFLAG_UNMAPPED_BIO;
                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_UNMAPPEDIO;
        }
        softc->disk->d_flags = d_flags;

        /*
         * ata_param_fixup will strip trailing padding spaces and add a NUL,
         * but if the field has no padding (as is common for serial numbers)
         * there will still be no NUL terminator. We cannot use strlcpy, since
         * it keeps reading src until it finds a NUL in order to compute the
         * return value (and will truncate the final character due to having a
         * single dsize rather than separate ssize and dsize), and strncpy does
         * not add a NUL to the destination if it reaches the character limit.
         */
        tmpsize = MIN(sizeof(softc->disk->d_descr) - 1,
            sizeof(cgd->ident_data.model));
        memcpy(softc->disk->d_descr, cgd->ident_data.model, tmpsize);
        softc->disk->d_descr[tmpsize] = '\0';

        tmpsize = MIN(sizeof(softc->disk->d_ident) - 1,
            sizeof(cgd->ident_data.serial));
        memcpy(softc->disk->d_ident, cgd->ident_data.serial, tmpsize);
        softc->disk->d_ident[tmpsize] = '\0';

        softc->disk->d_sectorsize = softc->params.secsize;
        softc->disk->d_mediasize = (off_t)softc->params.sectors *
            softc->params.secsize;
        if (ata_physical_sector_size(&cgd->ident_data) !=
            softc->params.secsize) {
                softc->disk->d_stripesize =
                    ata_physical_sector_size(&cgd->ident_data);
                softc->disk->d_stripeoffset = (softc->disk->d_stripesize -
                    ata_logical_sector_offset(&cgd->ident_data)) %
                    softc->disk->d_stripesize;
        } else if (softc->quirks & ADA_Q_4K) {
                softc->disk->d_stripesize = 4096;
                softc->disk->d_stripeoffset = 0;
        }
        softc->disk->d_fwsectors = softc->params.secs_per_track;
        softc->disk->d_fwheads = softc->params.heads;
        softc->disk->d_rotation_rate = cgd->ident_data.media_rotation_rate;
        snprintf(softc->disk->d_attachment, sizeof(softc->disk->d_attachment),
            "%s%d", softc->cpi.dev_name, softc->cpi.unit_number);
}

static void
adasendorderedtag(void *arg)
{
        struct ada_softc *softc = arg;

        if (ada_send_ordered) {
                if (softc->outstanding_cmds > 0) {
                        if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_WAS_OTAG) == 0)
                                softc->flags |= ADA_FLAG_NEED_OTAG;
                        softc->flags &= ~ADA_FLAG_WAS_OTAG;
                }
        }

        /* Queue us up again */
        callout_schedule_sbt(&softc->sendordered_c,
            SBT_1S / ADA_ORDEREDTAG_INTERVAL * ada_default_timeout, 0,
            C_PREL(1));
}

/*
 * Step through all ADA peripheral drivers, and if the device is still open,
 * sync the disk cache to physical media.
 */
static void
adaflush(void)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        union ccb *ccb;
        int error;

        CAM_PERIPH_FOREACH(periph, &adadriver) {
                softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
                if (SCHEDULER_STOPPED()) {
                        /* If we panicked with the lock held, do not recurse. */
                        if (!cam_periph_owned(periph) &&
                            (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_OPEN)) {
                                adadump(softc->disk, NULL, 0, 0);
                        }
                        continue;
                }
                cam_periph_lock(periph);
                /*
                 * We only sync the cache if the drive is still open, and
                 * if the drive is capable of it..
                 */
                if (((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_OPEN) == 0) ||
                    (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_FLUSHCACHE) == 0) {
                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                        continue;
                }

                ccb = cam_periph_getccb(periph, CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                cam_fill_ataio(&ccb->ataio,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    CAM_DIR_NONE,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    0,
                                    ada_default_timeout*1000);
                if (softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_48BIT)
                        ata_48bit_cmd(&ccb->ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE48, 0, 0, 0);
                else
                        ata_28bit_cmd(&ccb->ataio, ATA_FLUSHCACHE, 0, 0, 0);

                error = cam_periph_runccb(ccb, adaerror, /*cam_flags*/0,
                    /*sense_flags*/ SF_NO_RECOVERY | SF_NO_RETRY,
                    softc->disk->d_devstat);
                if (error != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Synchronize cache failed\n");
                xpt_release_ccb(ccb);
                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        }
}

static void
adaspindown(uint8_t cmd, int flags)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;
        struct ccb_ataio local_ccb;
        int error;
        int mode;

        CAM_PERIPH_FOREACH(periph, &adadriver) {
                /* If we panicked with lock held - not recurse here. */
                if (cam_periph_owned(periph))
                        continue;
                cam_periph_lock(periph);
                softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
                /*
                 * We only spin-down the drive if it is capable of it..
                 */
                if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_POWERMGT) == 0) {
                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                        continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Additionally check if we would spin up the drive instead of
                 * spinning it down.
                 */
                if (cmd == ATA_IDLE_IMMEDIATE) {
                        memset(&local_ccb, 0, sizeof(local_ccb));
                        xpt_setup_ccb(&local_ccb.ccb_h, periph->path,
                            CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                        local_ccb.ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_DUMP;

                        cam_fill_ataio(&local_ccb, 0, NULL, CAM_DIR_NONE,
                            0, NULL, 0, ada_default_timeout * 1000);
                        ata_28bit_cmd(&local_ccb, ATA_CHECK_POWER_MODE,
                            0, 0, 0);
                        local_ccb.cmd.flags |= CAM_ATAIO_NEEDRESULT;

                        error = cam_periph_runccb((union ccb *)&local_ccb,
                            adaerror, /*cam_flags*/0,
                            /*sense_flags*/ SF_NO_RECOVERY | SF_NO_RETRY,
                            softc->disk->d_devstat);
                        if (error != 0) {
                                xpt_print(periph->path,
                                    "Failed to read current power mode\n");
                        } else {
                                mode = local_ccb.res.sector_count;
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
                                if (bootverbose) {
                                        xpt_print(periph->path,
                                            "disk power mode 0x%02x\n", mode);
                                }
#endif
                                switch (mode) {
                                case ATA_PM_STANDBY:
                                case ATA_PM_STANDBY_Y:
                                        if (bootverbose) {
                                                xpt_print(periph->path,
                                                    "already spun down\n");
                                        }
                                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                                        continue;
                                default:
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                }

                if (bootverbose)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "spin-down\n");

                memset(&local_ccb, 0, sizeof(local_ccb));
                xpt_setup_ccb(&local_ccb.ccb_h, periph->path, CAM_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
                local_ccb.ccb_h.ccb_state = ADA_CCB_DUMP;

                cam_fill_ataio(&local_ccb,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    CAM_DIR_NONE | flags,
                                    0,
                                    NULL,
                                    0,
                                    ada_default_timeout*1000);
                ata_28bit_cmd(&local_ccb, cmd, 0, 0, 0);
                error = cam_periph_runccb((union ccb *)&local_ccb, adaerror,
                    /*cam_flags*/0, /*sense_flags*/ SF_NO_RECOVERY | SF_NO_RETRY,
                    softc->disk->d_devstat);
                if (error != 0)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "Spin-down disk failed\n");
                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        }
}

static void
adashutdown(void *arg, int howto)
{
        int how;

        if ((howto & RB_NOSYNC) != 0)
                return;

        adaflush();

        /*
         * STANDBY IMMEDIATE saves any volatile data to the drive. It also spins
         * down hard drives. IDLE IMMEDIATE also saves the volatile data without
         * a spindown. We send the former when we expect to lose power soon. For
         * a warm boot, we send the latter to avoid a thundering herd of spinups
         * just after the kernel loads while probing. We have to do something to
         * flush the data because the BIOS in many systems resets the HBA
         * causing a COMINIT/COMRESET negotiation, which some drives interpret
         * as license to toss the volatile data, and others count as unclean
         * shutdown when in the Active PM state in SMART attributes.
         *
         * adaspindown will ensure that we don't send this to a drive that
         * doesn't support it.
         */
        if (ada_spindown_shutdown != 0) {
                how = (howto & (RB_HALT | RB_POWEROFF | RB_POWERCYCLE)) ?
                    ATA_STANDBY_IMMEDIATE : ATA_IDLE_IMMEDIATE;
                adaspindown(how, 0);
        }
}

static void
adasuspend(void *arg, enum power_stype stype)
{

        adaflush();
        /*
         * SLEEP also fushes any volatile data, like STANDBY IMEDIATE,
         * so we don't need to send it as well.
         */
        if (ada_spindown_suspend != 0)
                adaspindown(ATA_SLEEP, CAM_DEV_QFREEZE);
}

static void
adaresume(void *arg, enum power_stype stype)
{
        struct cam_periph *periph;
        struct ada_softc *softc;

        if (ada_spindown_suspend == 0)
                return;

        CAM_PERIPH_FOREACH(periph, &adadriver) {
                cam_periph_lock(periph);
                softc = (struct ada_softc *)periph->softc;
                /*
                 * We only spin-down the drive if it is capable of it..
                 */
                if ((softc->flags & ADA_FLAG_CAN_POWERMGT) == 0) {
                        cam_periph_unlock(periph);
                        continue;
                }

                if (bootverbose)
                        xpt_print(periph->path, "resume\n");

                /*
                 * Drop freeze taken due to CAM_DEV_QFREEZE flag set on
                 * sleep request.
                 */
                cam_release_devq(periph->path,
                         /*relsim_flags*/0,
                         /*openings*/0,
                         /*timeout*/0,
                         /*getcount_only*/0);

                cam_periph_unlock(periph);
        }
}

#endif /* _KERNEL */