root/samples/vfio-mdev/mbochs.c
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Mediated virtual PCI display host device driver
 *
 * Emulate enough of qemu stdvga to make bochs-drm.ko happy.  That is
 * basically the vram memory bar and the bochs dispi interface vbe
 * registers in the mmio register bar.  Specifically it does *not*
 * include any legacy vga stuff.  Device looks a lot like "qemu -device
 * secondary-vga".
 *
 *   (c) Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
 *
 * based on mtty driver which is:
 *   Copyright (c) 2016, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
 *       Author: Neo Jia <cjia@nvidia.com>
 *               Kirti Wankhede <kwankhede@nvidia.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 */
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/vfio.h>
#include <linux/iommu.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>
#include <linux/mdev.h>
#include <linux/pci.h>
#include <linux/dma-buf.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <drm/drm_fourcc.h>
#include <drm/drm_rect.h>
#include <drm/drm_modeset_lock.h>
#include <drm/drm_property.h>
#include <drm/drm_plane.h>


#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ID              0x0
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_XRES            0x1
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_YRES            0x2
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP             0x3
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE          0x4
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BANK            0x5
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH      0x6
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_HEIGHT     0x7
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET        0x8
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET        0x9
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIDEO_MEMORY_64K 0xa
#define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_COUNT           0xb

#define VBE_DISPI_ID0                   0xB0C0
#define VBE_DISPI_ID1                   0xB0C1
#define VBE_DISPI_ID2                   0xB0C2
#define VBE_DISPI_ID3                   0xB0C3
#define VBE_DISPI_ID4                   0xB0C4
#define VBE_DISPI_ID5                   0xB0C5

#define VBE_DISPI_DISABLED              0x00
#define VBE_DISPI_ENABLED               0x01
#define VBE_DISPI_GETCAPS               0x02
#define VBE_DISPI_8BIT_DAC              0x20
#define VBE_DISPI_LFB_ENABLED           0x40
#define VBE_DISPI_NOCLEARMEM            0x80


#define MBOCHS_NAME               "mbochs"
#define MBOCHS_CLASS_NAME         "mbochs"

#define MBOCHS_EDID_REGION_INDEX  VFIO_PCI_NUM_REGIONS
#define MBOCHS_NUM_REGIONS        (MBOCHS_EDID_REGION_INDEX+1)

#define MBOCHS_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE  0xff
#define MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET    PAGE_SIZE
#define MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_SIZE      PAGE_SIZE
#define MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET        (MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET +     \
                                   MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_SIZE)
#define MBOCHS_EDID_SIZE          PAGE_SIZE
#define MBOCHS_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET  (MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET + \
                                   MBOCHS_EDID_SIZE)

#define MBOCHS_EDID_BLOB_OFFSET   (MBOCHS_EDID_SIZE/2)

#define STORE_LE16(addr, val)   (*(u16 *)addr = val)
#define STORE_LE32(addr, val)   (*(u32 *)addr = val)


MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Mediated virtual PCI display host device driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");

static int max_mbytes = 256;
module_param_named(count, max_mbytes, int, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(mem, "megabytes available to " MBOCHS_NAME " devices");


#define MBOCHS_TYPE_1 "small"
#define MBOCHS_TYPE_2 "medium"
#define MBOCHS_TYPE_3 "large"

static struct mbochs_type {
        struct mdev_type type;
        u32 mbytes;
        u32 max_x;
        u32 max_y;
} mbochs_types[] = {
        {
                .type.sysfs_name        = MBOCHS_TYPE_1,
                .type.pretty_name       = MBOCHS_CLASS_NAME "-" MBOCHS_TYPE_1,
                .mbytes = 4,
                .max_x  = 800,
                .max_y  = 600,
        }, {
                .type.sysfs_name        = MBOCHS_TYPE_2,
                .type.pretty_name       = MBOCHS_CLASS_NAME "-" MBOCHS_TYPE_2,
                .mbytes = 16,
                .max_x  = 1920,
                .max_y  = 1440,
        }, {
                .type.sysfs_name        = MBOCHS_TYPE_3,
                .type.pretty_name       = MBOCHS_CLASS_NAME "-" MBOCHS_TYPE_3,
                .mbytes = 64,
                .max_x  = 0,
                .max_y  = 0,
        },
};

static struct mdev_type *mbochs_mdev_types[] = {
        &mbochs_types[0].type,
        &mbochs_types[1].type,
        &mbochs_types[2].type,
};

static dev_t            mbochs_devt;
static const struct class mbochs_class = {
        .name = MBOCHS_CLASS_NAME,
};
static struct cdev      mbochs_cdev;
static struct device    mbochs_dev;
static struct mdev_parent mbochs_parent;
static atomic_t mbochs_avail_mbytes;
static const struct vfio_device_ops mbochs_dev_ops;

struct mbochs_mode {
        u32 drm_format;
        u32 bytepp;
        u32 width;
        u32 height;
        u32 stride;
        u32 __pad;
        u64 offset;
        u64 size;
};

struct mbochs_dmabuf {
        struct mbochs_mode mode;
        u32 id;
        struct page **pages;
        pgoff_t pagecount;
        struct dma_buf *buf;
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
        struct list_head next;
        bool unlinked;
};

/* State of each mdev device */
struct mdev_state {
        struct vfio_device vdev;
        u8 *vconfig;
        u64 bar_mask[3];
        u32 memory_bar_mask;
        struct mutex ops_lock;
        struct mdev_device *mdev;

        const struct mbochs_type *type;
        u16 vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_COUNT];
        u64 memsize;
        struct page **pages;
        pgoff_t pagecount;
        struct vfio_region_gfx_edid edid_regs;
        u8 edid_blob[0x400];

        struct list_head dmabufs;
        u32 active_id;
        u32 next_id;
};

static const char *vbe_name_list[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_COUNT] = {
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ID]               = "id",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_XRES]             = "xres",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_YRES]             = "yres",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP]              = "bpp",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE]           = "enable",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BANK]             = "bank",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH]       = "virt-width",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_HEIGHT]      = "virt-height",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET]         = "x-offset",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET]         = "y-offset",
        [VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIDEO_MEMORY_64K] = "video-mem",
};

static const char *vbe_name(u32 index)
{
        if (index < ARRAY_SIZE(vbe_name_list))
                return vbe_name_list[index];
        return "(invalid)";
}

static struct page *__mbochs_get_page(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                      pgoff_t pgoff);
static struct page *mbochs_get_page(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                    pgoff_t pgoff);

static void mbochs_create_config_space(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
{
        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_VENDOR_ID],
                   0x1234);
        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_DEVICE_ID],
                   0x1111);
        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID],
                   PCI_SUBVENDOR_ID_REDHAT_QUMRANET);
        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID],
                   PCI_SUBDEVICE_ID_QEMU);

        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_COMMAND],
                   PCI_COMMAND_IO | PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY);
        STORE_LE16((u16 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_DEVICE],
                   PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER);
        mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_CLASS_REVISION] =  0x01;

        STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0],
                   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY |
                   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_32  |
                   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH);
        mdev_state->bar_mask[0] = ~(mdev_state->memsize) + 1;

        STORE_LE32((u32 *) &mdev_state->vconfig[PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_2],
                   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY |
                   PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_32);
        mdev_state->bar_mask[2] = ~(MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_SIZE) + 1;
}

static int mbochs_check_framebuffer(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                    struct mbochs_mode *mode)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        u16 *vbe = mdev_state->vbe;
        u32 virt_width;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        if (!(vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE] & VBE_DISPI_ENABLED))
                goto nofb;

        memset(mode, 0, sizeof(*mode));
        switch (vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP]) {
        case 32:
                mode->drm_format = DRM_FORMAT_XRGB8888;
                mode->bytepp = 4;
                break;
        default:
                dev_info_ratelimited(dev, "%s: bpp %d not supported\n",
                                     __func__, vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP]);
                goto nofb;
        }

        mode->width  = vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_XRES];
        mode->height = vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_YRES];
        virt_width  = vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH];
        if (virt_width < mode->width)
                virt_width = mode->width;
        mode->stride = virt_width * mode->bytepp;
        mode->size   = (u64)mode->stride * mode->height;
        mode->offset = ((u64)vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET] * mode->bytepp +
                       (u64)vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET] * mode->stride);

        if (mode->width < 64 || mode->height < 64) {
                dev_info_ratelimited(dev, "%s: invalid resolution %dx%d\n",
                                     __func__, mode->width, mode->height);
                goto nofb;
        }
        if (mode->offset + mode->size > mdev_state->memsize) {
                dev_info_ratelimited(dev, "%s: framebuffer memory overflow\n",
                                     __func__);
                goto nofb;
        }

        return 0;

nofb:
        memset(mode, 0, sizeof(*mode));
        return -EINVAL;
}

static bool mbochs_modes_equal(struct mbochs_mode *mode1,
                               struct mbochs_mode *mode2)
{
        return memcmp(mode1, mode2, sizeof(struct mbochs_mode)) == 0;
}

static void handle_pci_cfg_write(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
                                 char *buf, u32 count)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        int index = (offset - PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0) / 0x04;
        u32 cfg_addr;

        switch (offset) {
        case PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_0:
        case PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_2:
                cfg_addr = *(u32 *)buf;

                if (cfg_addr == 0xffffffff) {
                        cfg_addr = (cfg_addr & mdev_state->bar_mask[index]);
                } else {
                        cfg_addr &= PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK;
                        if (cfg_addr)
                                dev_info(dev, "BAR #%d @ 0x%x\n",
                                         index, cfg_addr);
                }

                cfg_addr |= (mdev_state->vconfig[offset] &
                             ~PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_MASK);
                STORE_LE32(&mdev_state->vconfig[offset], cfg_addr);
                break;
        }
}

static void handle_mmio_write(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
                              char *buf, u32 count)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        int index;
        u16 reg16;

        switch (offset) {
        case 0x400 ... 0x41f: /* vga ioports remapped */
                goto unhandled;
        case 0x500 ... 0x515: /* bochs dispi interface */
                if (count != 2)
                        goto unhandled;
                index = (offset - 0x500) / 2;
                reg16 = *(u16 *)buf;
                if (index < ARRAY_SIZE(mdev_state->vbe))
                        mdev_state->vbe[index] = reg16;
                dev_dbg(dev, "%s: vbe write %d = %d (%s)\n",
                        __func__, index, reg16, vbe_name(index));
                break;
        case 0x600 ... 0x607: /* qemu extended regs */
                goto unhandled;
        default:
unhandled:
                dev_dbg(dev, "%s: @0x%03x, count %d (unhandled)\n",
                        __func__, offset, count);
                break;
        }
}

static void handle_mmio_read(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
                             char *buf, u32 count)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        struct vfio_region_gfx_edid *edid;
        u16 reg16 = 0;
        int index;

        switch (offset) {
        case 0x000 ... 0x3ff: /* edid block */
                edid = &mdev_state->edid_regs;
                if (edid->link_state != VFIO_DEVICE_GFX_LINK_STATE_UP ||
                    offset >= edid->edid_size) {
                        memset(buf, 0, count);
                        break;
                }
                memcpy(buf, mdev_state->edid_blob + offset, count);
                break;
        case 0x500 ... 0x515: /* bochs dispi interface */
                if (count != 2)
                        goto unhandled;
                index = (offset - 0x500) / 2;
                if (index < ARRAY_SIZE(mdev_state->vbe))
                        reg16 = mdev_state->vbe[index];
                dev_dbg(dev, "%s: vbe read %d = %d (%s)\n",
                        __func__, index, reg16, vbe_name(index));
                *(u16 *)buf = reg16;
                break;
        default:
unhandled:
                dev_dbg(dev, "%s: @0x%03x, count %d (unhandled)\n",
                        __func__, offset, count);
                memset(buf, 0, count);
                break;
        }
}

static void handle_edid_regs(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
                             char *buf, u32 count, bool is_write)
{
        char *regs = (void *)&mdev_state->edid_regs;

        if (offset + count > sizeof(mdev_state->edid_regs))
                return;
        if (count != 4)
                return;
        if (offset % 4)
                return;

        if (is_write) {
                switch (offset) {
                case offsetof(struct vfio_region_gfx_edid, link_state):
                case offsetof(struct vfio_region_gfx_edid, edid_size):
                        memcpy(regs + offset, buf, count);
                        break;
                default:
                        /* read-only regs */
                        break;
                }
        } else {
                memcpy(buf, regs + offset, count);
        }
}

static void handle_edid_blob(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u16 offset,
                             char *buf, u32 count, bool is_write)
{
        if (offset + count > mdev_state->edid_regs.edid_max_size)
                return;
        if (is_write)
                memcpy(mdev_state->edid_blob + offset, buf, count);
        else
                memcpy(buf, mdev_state->edid_blob + offset, count);
}

static ssize_t mdev_access(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, char *buf,
                           size_t count, loff_t pos, bool is_write)
{
        struct page *pg;
        loff_t poff;
        char *map;
        int ret = 0;

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        if (pos < MBOCHS_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE) {
                if (is_write)
                        handle_pci_cfg_write(mdev_state, pos, buf, count);
                else
                        memcpy(buf, (mdev_state->vconfig + pos), count);

        } else if (pos >= MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET &&
                   pos + count <= (MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET +
                                   MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_SIZE)) {
                pos -= MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET;
                if (is_write)
                        handle_mmio_write(mdev_state, pos, buf, count);
                else
                        handle_mmio_read(mdev_state, pos, buf, count);

        } else if (pos >= MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET &&
                   pos + count <= (MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET +
                                   MBOCHS_EDID_SIZE)) {
                pos -= MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET;
                if (pos < MBOCHS_EDID_BLOB_OFFSET) {
                        handle_edid_regs(mdev_state, pos, buf, count, is_write);
                } else {
                        pos -= MBOCHS_EDID_BLOB_OFFSET;
                        handle_edid_blob(mdev_state, pos, buf, count, is_write);
                }

        } else if (pos >= MBOCHS_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET &&
                   pos + count <=
                   MBOCHS_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET + mdev_state->memsize) {
                pos -= MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET;
                poff = pos & ~PAGE_MASK;
                pg = __mbochs_get_page(mdev_state, pos >> PAGE_SHIFT);
                map = kmap(pg);
                if (is_write)
                        memcpy(map + poff, buf, count);
                else
                        memcpy(buf, map + poff, count);
                kunmap(pg);
                put_page(pg);

        } else {
                dev_dbg(mdev_state->vdev.dev, "%s: %s @0x%llx (unhandled)\n",
                        __func__, is_write ? "WR" : "RD", pos);
                ret = -1;
                goto accessfailed;
        }

        ret = count;


accessfailed:
        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        return ret;
}

static int mbochs_reset(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
{
        u32 size64k = mdev_state->memsize / (64 * 1024);
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mdev_state->vbe); i++)
                mdev_state->vbe[i] = 0;
        mdev_state->vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ID] = VBE_DISPI_ID5;
        mdev_state->vbe[VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIDEO_MEMORY_64K] = size64k;
        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_init_dev(struct vfio_device *vdev)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
        struct mdev_device *mdev = to_mdev_device(vdev->dev);
        struct mbochs_type *type =
                container_of(mdev->type, struct mbochs_type, type);
        int avail_mbytes = atomic_read(&mbochs_avail_mbytes);
        int ret = -ENOMEM;

        do {
                if (avail_mbytes < type->mbytes)
                        return -ENOSPC;
        } while (!atomic_try_cmpxchg(&mbochs_avail_mbytes, &avail_mbytes,
                                     avail_mbytes - type->mbytes));

        mdev_state->vconfig = kzalloc(MBOCHS_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!mdev_state->vconfig)
                goto err_avail;

        mdev_state->memsize = type->mbytes * 1024 * 1024;
        mdev_state->pagecount = mdev_state->memsize >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        mdev_state->pages = kcalloc(mdev_state->pagecount,
                                    sizeof(struct page *),
                                    GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!mdev_state->pages)
                goto err_vconfig;

        mutex_init(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
        mdev_state->mdev = mdev;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mdev_state->dmabufs);
        mdev_state->next_id = 1;

        mdev_state->type = type;
        mdev_state->edid_regs.max_xres = type->max_x;
        mdev_state->edid_regs.max_yres = type->max_y;
        mdev_state->edid_regs.edid_offset = MBOCHS_EDID_BLOB_OFFSET;
        mdev_state->edid_regs.edid_max_size = sizeof(mdev_state->edid_blob);
        mbochs_create_config_space(mdev_state);
        mbochs_reset(mdev_state);

        dev_info(vdev->dev, "%s: %s, %d MB, %ld pages\n", __func__,
                 type->type.pretty_name, type->mbytes, mdev_state->pagecount);
        return 0;

err_vconfig:
        kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
err_avail:
        atomic_add(type->mbytes, &mbochs_avail_mbytes);
        return ret;
}

static int mbochs_probe(struct mdev_device *mdev)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
        int ret = -ENOMEM;

        mdev_state = vfio_alloc_device(mdev_state, vdev, &mdev->dev,
                                       &mbochs_dev_ops);
        if (IS_ERR(mdev_state))
                return PTR_ERR(mdev_state);

        ret = vfio_register_emulated_iommu_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
        if (ret)
                goto err_put_vdev;
        dev_set_drvdata(&mdev->dev, mdev_state);
        return 0;

err_put_vdev:
        vfio_put_device(&mdev_state->vdev);
        return ret;
}

static void mbochs_release_dev(struct vfio_device *vdev)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);

        atomic_add(mdev_state->type->mbytes, &mbochs_avail_mbytes);
        kfree(mdev_state->pages);
        kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
}

static void mbochs_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state = dev_get_drvdata(&mdev->dev);

        vfio_unregister_group_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
        vfio_put_device(&mdev_state->vdev);
}

static ssize_t mbochs_read(struct vfio_device *vdev, char __user *buf,
                           size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
        unsigned int done = 0;
        int ret;

        while (count) {
                size_t filled;

                if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
                        u32 val;

                        ret =  mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                           *ppos, false);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto read_err;

                        if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
                                goto read_err;

                        filled = 4;
                } else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
                        u16 val;

                        ret = mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                          *ppos, false);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto read_err;

                        if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
                                goto read_err;

                        filled = 2;
                } else {
                        u8 val;

                        ret = mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                          *ppos, false);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto read_err;

                        if (copy_to_user(buf, &val, sizeof(val)))
                                goto read_err;

                        filled = 1;
                }

                count -= filled;
                done += filled;
                *ppos += filled;
                buf += filled;
        }

        return done;

read_err:
        return -EFAULT;
}

static ssize_t mbochs_write(struct vfio_device *vdev, const char __user *buf,
                            size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
        unsigned int done = 0;
        int ret;

        while (count) {
                size_t filled;

                if (count >= 4 && !(*ppos % 4)) {
                        u32 val;

                        if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
                                goto write_err;

                        ret = mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                          *ppos, true);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto write_err;

                        filled = 4;
                } else if (count >= 2 && !(*ppos % 2)) {
                        u16 val;

                        if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
                                goto write_err;

                        ret = mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                          *ppos, true);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto write_err;

                        filled = 2;
                } else {
                        u8 val;

                        if (copy_from_user(&val, buf, sizeof(val)))
                                goto write_err;

                        ret = mdev_access(mdev_state, (char *)&val, sizeof(val),
                                          *ppos, true);
                        if (ret <= 0)
                                goto write_err;

                        filled = 1;
                }
                count -= filled;
                done += filled;
                *ppos += filled;
                buf += filled;
        }

        return done;
write_err:
        return -EFAULT;
}

static struct page *__mbochs_get_page(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                      pgoff_t pgoff)
{
        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        if (!mdev_state->pages[pgoff]) {
                mdev_state->pages[pgoff] =
                        alloc_pages(GFP_HIGHUSER | __GFP_ZERO, 0);
                if (!mdev_state->pages[pgoff])
                        return NULL;
        }

        get_page(mdev_state->pages[pgoff]);
        return mdev_state->pages[pgoff];
}

static struct page *mbochs_get_page(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                    pgoff_t pgoff)
{
        struct page *page;

        if (WARN_ON(pgoff >= mdev_state->pagecount))
                return NULL;

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
        page = __mbochs_get_page(mdev_state, pgoff);
        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        return page;
}

static void mbochs_put_pages(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        int i, count = 0;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        for (i = 0; i < mdev_state->pagecount; i++) {
                if (!mdev_state->pages[i])
                        continue;
                put_page(mdev_state->pages[i]);
                mdev_state->pages[i] = NULL;
                count++;
        }
        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d pages released\n", __func__, count);
}

static vm_fault_t mbochs_region_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state = vma->vm_private_data;
        pgoff_t page_offset = (vmf->address - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;

        if (page_offset >= mdev_state->pagecount)
                return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;

        vmf->page = mbochs_get_page(mdev_state, page_offset);
        if (!vmf->page)
                return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;

        return 0;
}

static const struct vm_operations_struct mbochs_region_vm_ops = {
        .fault = mbochs_region_vm_fault,
};

static int mbochs_mmap(struct vfio_device *vdev, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);

        if (vma->vm_pgoff != MBOCHS_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET >> PAGE_SHIFT)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (vma->vm_end < vma->vm_start)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start > mdev_state->memsize)
                return -EINVAL;
        if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) == 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        vma->vm_ops = &mbochs_region_vm_ops;
        vma->vm_private_data = mdev_state;
        return 0;
}

static vm_fault_t mbochs_dmabuf_vm_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
        struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf = vma->vm_private_data;

        if (WARN_ON(vmf->pgoff >= dmabuf->pagecount))
                return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;

        vmf->page = dmabuf->pages[vmf->pgoff];
        get_page(vmf->page);
        return 0;
}

static const struct vm_operations_struct mbochs_dmabuf_vm_ops = {
        .fault = mbochs_dmabuf_vm_fault,
};

static int mbochs_mmap_dmabuf(struct dma_buf *buf, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf = buf->priv;
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(dmabuf->mdev_state->mdev);

        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d\n", __func__, dmabuf->id);

        if ((vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) == 0)
                return -EINVAL;

        vma->vm_ops = &mbochs_dmabuf_vm_ops;
        vma->vm_private_data = dmabuf;
        return 0;
}

static void mbochs_print_dmabuf(struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf,
                                const char *prefix)
{
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(dmabuf->mdev_state->mdev);
        u32 fourcc = dmabuf->mode.drm_format;

        dev_dbg(dev, "%s/%d: %c%c%c%c, %dx%d, stride %d, off 0x%llx, size 0x%llx, pages %ld\n",
                prefix, dmabuf->id,
                fourcc ? ((fourcc >>  0) & 0xff) : '-',
                fourcc ? ((fourcc >>  8) & 0xff) : '-',
                fourcc ? ((fourcc >> 16) & 0xff) : '-',
                fourcc ? ((fourcc >> 24) & 0xff) : '-',
                dmabuf->mode.width, dmabuf->mode.height, dmabuf->mode.stride,
                dmabuf->mode.offset, dmabuf->mode.size, dmabuf->pagecount);
}

static struct sg_table *mbochs_map_dmabuf(struct dma_buf_attachment *at,
                                          enum dma_data_direction direction)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf = at->dmabuf->priv;
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(dmabuf->mdev_state->mdev);
        struct sg_table *sg;

        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d\n", __func__, dmabuf->id);

        sg = kzalloc(sizeof(*sg), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!sg)
                goto err1;
        if (sg_alloc_table_from_pages(sg, dmabuf->pages, dmabuf->pagecount,
                                      0, dmabuf->mode.size, GFP_KERNEL) < 0)
                goto err2;
        if (dma_map_sgtable(at->dev, sg, direction, 0))
                goto err3;

        return sg;

err3:
        sg_free_table(sg);
err2:
        kfree(sg);
err1:
        return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
}

static void mbochs_unmap_dmabuf(struct dma_buf_attachment *at,
                                struct sg_table *sg,
                                enum dma_data_direction direction)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf = at->dmabuf->priv;
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(dmabuf->mdev_state->mdev);

        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d\n", __func__, dmabuf->id);

        dma_unmap_sgtable(at->dev, sg, direction, 0);
        sg_free_table(sg);
        kfree(sg);
}

static void mbochs_release_dmabuf(struct dma_buf *buf)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf = buf->priv;
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state = dmabuf->mdev_state;
        struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev_state->mdev);
        pgoff_t pg;

        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d\n", __func__, dmabuf->id);

        for (pg = 0; pg < dmabuf->pagecount; pg++)
                put_page(dmabuf->pages[pg]);

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
        dmabuf->buf = NULL;
        if (dmabuf->unlinked)
                kfree(dmabuf);
        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
}

static struct dma_buf_ops mbochs_dmabuf_ops = {
        .map_dma_buf      = mbochs_map_dmabuf,
        .unmap_dma_buf    = mbochs_unmap_dmabuf,
        .release          = mbochs_release_dmabuf,
        .mmap             = mbochs_mmap_dmabuf,
};

static struct mbochs_dmabuf *mbochs_dmabuf_alloc(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                                 struct mbochs_mode *mode)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf;
        pgoff_t page_offset, pg;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        dmabuf = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mbochs_dmabuf), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!dmabuf)
                return NULL;

        dmabuf->mode = *mode;
        dmabuf->id = mdev_state->next_id++;
        dmabuf->pagecount = DIV_ROUND_UP(mode->size, PAGE_SIZE);
        dmabuf->pages = kcalloc(dmabuf->pagecount, sizeof(struct page *),
                                GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!dmabuf->pages)
                goto err_free_dmabuf;

        page_offset = dmabuf->mode.offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
        for (pg = 0; pg < dmabuf->pagecount; pg++) {
                dmabuf->pages[pg] = __mbochs_get_page(mdev_state,
                                                      page_offset + pg);
                if (!dmabuf->pages[pg])
                        goto err_free_pages;
        }

        dmabuf->mdev_state = mdev_state;
        list_add(&dmabuf->next, &mdev_state->dmabufs);

        mbochs_print_dmabuf(dmabuf, __func__);
        return dmabuf;

err_free_pages:
        while (pg > 0)
                put_page(dmabuf->pages[--pg]);
        kfree(dmabuf->pages);
err_free_dmabuf:
        kfree(dmabuf);
        return NULL;
}

static struct mbochs_dmabuf *
mbochs_dmabuf_find_by_mode(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                           struct mbochs_mode *mode)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        list_for_each_entry(dmabuf, &mdev_state->dmabufs, next)
                if (mbochs_modes_equal(&dmabuf->mode, mode))
                        return dmabuf;

        return NULL;
}

static struct mbochs_dmabuf *
mbochs_dmabuf_find_by_id(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u32 id)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        list_for_each_entry(dmabuf, &mdev_state->dmabufs, next)
                if (dmabuf->id == id)
                        return dmabuf;

        return NULL;
}

static int mbochs_dmabuf_export(struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state = dmabuf->mdev_state;
        struct device *dev = mdev_state->vdev.dev;
        DEFINE_DMA_BUF_EXPORT_INFO(exp_info);
        struct dma_buf *buf;

        WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&mdev_state->ops_lock));

        if (!IS_ALIGNED(dmabuf->mode.offset, PAGE_SIZE)) {
                dev_info_ratelimited(dev, "%s: framebuffer not page-aligned\n",
                                     __func__);
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        exp_info.ops = &mbochs_dmabuf_ops;
        exp_info.size = dmabuf->mode.size;
        exp_info.priv = dmabuf;

        buf = dma_buf_export(&exp_info);
        if (IS_ERR(buf)) {
                dev_info_ratelimited(dev, "%s: dma_buf_export failed: %ld\n",
                                     __func__, PTR_ERR(buf));
                return PTR_ERR(buf);
        }

        dmabuf->buf = buf;
        dev_dbg(dev, "%s: %d\n", __func__, dmabuf->id);
        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_ioctl_get_region_info(struct vfio_device *vdev,
                                        struct vfio_region_info *region_info,
                                        struct vfio_info_cap *caps)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);

        if (region_info->index >= MBOCHS_NUM_REGIONS)
                return -EINVAL;

        switch (region_info->index) {
        case VFIO_PCI_CONFIG_REGION_INDEX:
                region_info->offset = 0;
                region_info->size   = MBOCHS_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE;
                region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
                                       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE);
                break;
        case VFIO_PCI_BAR0_REGION_INDEX:
                region_info->offset = MBOCHS_MEMORY_BAR_OFFSET;
                region_info->size   = mdev_state->memsize;
                region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ  |
                                       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE |
                                       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_MMAP);
                break;
        case VFIO_PCI_BAR2_REGION_INDEX:
                region_info->offset = MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_OFFSET;
                region_info->size   = MBOCHS_MMIO_BAR_SIZE;
                region_info->flags  = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ  |
                                       VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE);
                break;
        case MBOCHS_EDID_REGION_INDEX: {
                struct vfio_region_info_cap_type cap_type = {
                        .header.id = VFIO_REGION_INFO_CAP_TYPE,
                        .header.version = 1,
                        .type = VFIO_REGION_TYPE_GFX,
                        .subtype = VFIO_REGION_SUBTYPE_GFX_EDID,
                };

                region_info->offset = MBOCHS_EDID_OFFSET;
                region_info->size = MBOCHS_EDID_SIZE;
                region_info->flags = (VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_READ |
                                      VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_WRITE |
                                      VFIO_REGION_INFO_FLAG_CAPS);

                return vfio_info_add_capability(caps, &cap_type.header,
                                                sizeof(cap_type));
        }
        default:
                region_info->size   = 0;
                region_info->offset = 0;
                region_info->flags  = 0;
        }

        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_get_irq_info(struct vfio_irq_info *irq_info)
{
        irq_info->count = 0;
        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_get_device_info(struct vfio_device_info *dev_info)
{
        dev_info->flags = VFIO_DEVICE_FLAGS_PCI;
        dev_info->num_regions = MBOCHS_NUM_REGIONS;
        dev_info->num_irqs = VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS;
        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_query_gfx_plane(struct mdev_state *mdev_state,
                                  struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info *plane)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf;
        struct mbochs_mode mode;
        int ret;

        if (plane->flags & VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE) {
                if (plane->flags == (VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_PROBE |
                                     VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_DMABUF))
                        return 0;
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        if (plane->flags != VFIO_GFX_PLANE_TYPE_DMABUF)
                return -EINVAL;

        plane->drm_format_mod = 0;
        plane->x_pos          = 0;
        plane->y_pos          = 0;
        plane->x_hot          = 0;
        plane->y_hot          = 0;

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        ret = -EINVAL;
        if (plane->drm_plane_type == DRM_PLANE_TYPE_PRIMARY)
                ret = mbochs_check_framebuffer(mdev_state, &mode);
        if (ret < 0) {
                plane->drm_format     = 0;
                plane->width          = 0;
                plane->height         = 0;
                plane->stride         = 0;
                plane->size           = 0;
                plane->dmabuf_id      = 0;
                goto done;
        }

        dmabuf = mbochs_dmabuf_find_by_mode(mdev_state, &mode);
        if (!dmabuf)
                mbochs_dmabuf_alloc(mdev_state, &mode);
        if (!dmabuf) {
                mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
                return -ENOMEM;
        }

        plane->drm_format     = dmabuf->mode.drm_format;
        plane->width          = dmabuf->mode.width;
        plane->height         = dmabuf->mode.height;
        plane->stride         = dmabuf->mode.stride;
        plane->size           = dmabuf->mode.size;
        plane->dmabuf_id      = dmabuf->id;

done:
        if (plane->drm_plane_type == DRM_PLANE_TYPE_PRIMARY &&
            mdev_state->active_id != plane->dmabuf_id) {
                dev_dbg(mdev_state->vdev.dev, "%s: primary: %d => %d\n",
                        __func__, mdev_state->active_id, plane->dmabuf_id);
                mdev_state->active_id = plane->dmabuf_id;
        }
        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
        return 0;
}

static int mbochs_get_gfx_dmabuf(struct mdev_state *mdev_state, u32 id)
{
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf;

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        dmabuf = mbochs_dmabuf_find_by_id(mdev_state, id);
        if (!dmabuf) {
                mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
                return -ENOENT;
        }

        if (!dmabuf->buf)
                mbochs_dmabuf_export(dmabuf);

        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        if (!dmabuf->buf)
                return -EINVAL;

        return dma_buf_fd(dmabuf->buf, 0);
}

static long mbochs_ioctl(struct vfio_device *vdev, unsigned int cmd,
                         unsigned long arg)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
        int ret = 0;
        unsigned long minsz;

        switch (cmd) {
        case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_INFO:
        {
                struct vfio_device_info info;

                minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_info, num_irqs);

                if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                if (info.argsz < minsz)
                        return -EINVAL;

                ret = mbochs_get_device_info(&info);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                return 0;
        }

        case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_IRQ_INFO:
        {
                struct vfio_irq_info info;

                minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_irq_info, count);

                if (copy_from_user(&info, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                if ((info.argsz < minsz) ||
                    (info.index >= VFIO_PCI_NUM_IRQS))
                        return -EINVAL;

                ret = mbochs_get_irq_info(&info);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &info, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                return 0;
        }

        case VFIO_DEVICE_QUERY_GFX_PLANE:
        {
                struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info plane = {};

                minsz = offsetofend(struct vfio_device_gfx_plane_info,
                                    region_index);

                if (copy_from_user(&plane, (void __user *)arg, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                if (plane.argsz < minsz)
                        return -EINVAL;

                ret = mbochs_query_gfx_plane(mdev_state, &plane);
                if (ret)
                        return ret;

                if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, &plane, minsz))
                        return -EFAULT;

                return 0;
        }

        case VFIO_DEVICE_GET_GFX_DMABUF:
        {
                u32 dmabuf_id;

                if (get_user(dmabuf_id, (__u32 __user *)arg))
                        return -EFAULT;

                return mbochs_get_gfx_dmabuf(mdev_state, dmabuf_id);
        }

        case VFIO_DEVICE_SET_IRQS:
                return -EINVAL;

        case VFIO_DEVICE_RESET:
                return mbochs_reset(mdev_state);
        }
        return -ENOTTY;
}

static void mbochs_close_device(struct vfio_device *vdev)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
                container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
        struct mbochs_dmabuf *dmabuf, *tmp;

        mutex_lock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);

        list_for_each_entry_safe(dmabuf, tmp, &mdev_state->dmabufs, next) {
                list_del(&dmabuf->next);
                if (dmabuf->buf) {
                        /* free in mbochs_release_dmabuf() */
                        dmabuf->unlinked = true;
                } else {
                        kfree(dmabuf);
                }
        }
        mbochs_put_pages(mdev_state);

        mutex_unlock(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
}

static ssize_t
memory_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
            char *buf)
{
        struct mdev_state *mdev_state = dev_get_drvdata(dev);

        return sprintf(buf, "%d MB\n", mdev_state->type->mbytes);
}
static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(memory);

static struct attribute *mdev_dev_attrs[] = {
        &dev_attr_memory.attr,
        NULL,
};

static const struct attribute_group mdev_dev_group = {
        .name  = "vendor",
        .attrs = mdev_dev_attrs,
};

static const struct attribute_group *mdev_dev_groups[] = {
        &mdev_dev_group,
        NULL,
};

static ssize_t mbochs_show_description(struct mdev_type *mtype, char *buf)
{
        struct mbochs_type *type =
                container_of(mtype, struct mbochs_type, type);

        return sprintf(buf, "virtual display, %d MB video memory\n",
                       type ? type->mbytes  : 0);
}

static unsigned int mbochs_get_available(struct mdev_type *mtype)
{
        struct mbochs_type *type =
                container_of(mtype, struct mbochs_type, type);

        return atomic_read(&mbochs_avail_mbytes) / type->mbytes;
}

static const struct vfio_device_ops mbochs_dev_ops = {
        .close_device = mbochs_close_device,
        .init = mbochs_init_dev,
        .release = mbochs_release_dev,
        .read = mbochs_read,
        .write = mbochs_write,
        .ioctl = mbochs_ioctl,
        .get_region_info_caps = mbochs_ioctl_get_region_info,
        .mmap = mbochs_mmap,
        .bind_iommufd   = vfio_iommufd_emulated_bind,
        .unbind_iommufd = vfio_iommufd_emulated_unbind,
        .attach_ioas    = vfio_iommufd_emulated_attach_ioas,
        .detach_ioas    = vfio_iommufd_emulated_detach_ioas,
};

static struct mdev_driver mbochs_driver = {
        .device_api = VFIO_DEVICE_API_PCI_STRING,
        .driver = {
                .name = "mbochs",
                .owner = THIS_MODULE,
                .mod_name = KBUILD_MODNAME,
                .dev_groups = mdev_dev_groups,
        },
        .probe = mbochs_probe,
        .remove = mbochs_remove,
        .get_available = mbochs_get_available,
        .show_description = mbochs_show_description,
};

static const struct file_operations vd_fops = {
        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
};

static void mbochs_device_release(struct device *dev)
{
        /* nothing */
}

static int __init mbochs_dev_init(void)
{
        int ret = 0;

        atomic_set(&mbochs_avail_mbytes, max_mbytes);

        ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&mbochs_devt, 0, MINORMASK + 1, MBOCHS_NAME);
        if (ret < 0) {
                pr_err("Error: failed to register mbochs_dev, err: %d\n", ret);
                return ret;
        }
        cdev_init(&mbochs_cdev, &vd_fops);
        cdev_add(&mbochs_cdev, mbochs_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
        pr_info("%s: major %d\n", __func__, MAJOR(mbochs_devt));

        ret = mdev_register_driver(&mbochs_driver);
        if (ret)
                goto err_cdev;

        ret = class_register(&mbochs_class);
        if (ret)
                goto err_driver;
        mbochs_dev.class = &mbochs_class;
        mbochs_dev.release = mbochs_device_release;
        dev_set_name(&mbochs_dev, "%s", MBOCHS_NAME);

        ret = device_register(&mbochs_dev);
        if (ret)
                goto err_put;

        ret = mdev_register_parent(&mbochs_parent, &mbochs_dev, &mbochs_driver,
                                   mbochs_mdev_types,
                                   ARRAY_SIZE(mbochs_mdev_types));
        if (ret)
                goto err_device;

        return 0;

err_device:
        device_del(&mbochs_dev);
err_put:
        put_device(&mbochs_dev);
        class_unregister(&mbochs_class);
err_driver:
        mdev_unregister_driver(&mbochs_driver);
err_cdev:
        cdev_del(&mbochs_cdev);
        unregister_chrdev_region(mbochs_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
        return ret;
}

static void __exit mbochs_dev_exit(void)
{
        mbochs_dev.bus = NULL;
        mdev_unregister_parent(&mbochs_parent);

        device_unregister(&mbochs_dev);
        mdev_unregister_driver(&mbochs_driver);
        cdev_del(&mbochs_cdev);
        unregister_chrdev_region(mbochs_devt, MINORMASK + 1);
        class_unregister(&mbochs_class);
}

MODULE_IMPORT_NS("DMA_BUF");
module_init(mbochs_dev_init)
module_exit(mbochs_dev_exit)