/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/******************************************************************************
 * x86_emulate.h
 *
 * Generic x86 (32-bit and 64-bit) instruction decoder and emulator.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2005 Keir Fraser
 *
 * From: xen-unstable 10676:af9809f51f81a3c43f276f00c81a52ef558afda4
 */

#ifndef _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H
#define _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H

#include <asm/desc_defs.h>
#include "fpu.h"

struct x86_emulate_ctxt;
enum x86_intercept;
enum x86_intercept_stage;

struct x86_exception {
        u8 vector;
        bool error_code_valid;
        u16 error_code;
        bool nested_page_fault;
        u64 address; /* cr2 or nested page fault gpa */
        u8 async_page_fault;
        unsigned long exit_qualification;
};

/*
 * This struct is used to carry enough information from the instruction
 * decoder to main KVM so that a decision can be made whether the
 * instruction needs to be intercepted or not.
 */
struct x86_instruction_info {
        u8  intercept;          /* which intercept                      */
        u8  rep_prefix;         /* rep prefix?                          */
        u8  modrm_mod;          /* mod part of modrm                    */
        u8  modrm_reg;          /* index of register used               */
        u8  modrm_rm;           /* rm part of modrm                     */
        u64 src_val;            /* value of source operand              */
        u64 dst_val;            /* value of destination operand         */
        u8  src_bytes;          /* size of source operand               */
        u8  dst_bytes;          /* size of destination operand          */
        u8  src_type;           /* type of source operand               */
        u8  dst_type;           /* type of destination operand          */
        u8  ad_bytes;           /* size of src/dst address              */
        u64 rip;                /* rip of the instruction               */
        u64 next_rip;           /* rip following the instruction        */
};

/*
 * x86_emulate_ops:
 *
 * These operations represent the instruction emulator's interface to memory.
 * There are two categories of operation: those that act on ordinary memory
 * regions (*_std), and those that act on memory regions known to require
 * special treatment or emulation (*_emulated).
 *
 * The emulator assumes that an instruction accesses only one 'emulated memory'
 * location, that this location is the given linear faulting address (cr2), and
 * that this is one of the instruction's data operands. Instruction fetches and
 * stack operations are assumed never to access emulated memory. The emulator
 * automatically deduces which operand of a string-move operation is accessing
 * emulated memory, and assumes that the other operand accesses normal memory.
 *
 * NOTES:
 *  1. The emulator isn't very smart about emulated vs. standard memory.
 *     'Emulated memory' access addresses should be checked for sanity.
 *     'Normal memory' accesses may fault, and the caller must arrange to
 *     detect and handle reentrancy into the emulator via recursive faults.
 *     Accesses may be unaligned and may cross page boundaries.
 *  2. If the access fails (cannot emulate, or a standard access faults) then
 *     it is up to the memop to propagate the fault to the guest VM via
 *     some out-of-band mechanism, unknown to the emulator. The memop signals
 *     failure by returning X86EMUL_PROPAGATE_FAULT to the emulator, which will
 *     then immediately bail.
 *  3. Valid access sizes are 1, 2, 4 and 8 bytes. On x86/32 systems only
 *     cmpxchg8b_emulated need support 8-byte accesses.
 *  4. The emulator cannot handle 64-bit mode emulation on an x86/32 system.
 */
/* Access completed successfully: continue emulation as normal. */
#define X86EMUL_CONTINUE        0
/* Access is unhandleable: bail from emulation and return error to caller. */
#define X86EMUL_UNHANDLEABLE    1
/* Terminate emulation but return success to the caller. */
#define X86EMUL_PROPAGATE_FAULT 2 /* propagate a generated fault to guest */
#define X86EMUL_RETRY_INSTR     3 /* retry the instruction for some reason */
#define X86EMUL_CMPXCHG_FAILED  4 /* cmpxchg did not see expected value */
#define X86EMUL_IO_NEEDED       5 /* IO is needed to complete emulation */
#define X86EMUL_INTERCEPTED     6 /* Intercepted by nested VMCB/VMCS */
/* Emulation during event vectoring is unhandleable. */
#define X86EMUL_UNHANDLEABLE_VECTORING  7

/* x86-specific emulation flags */
#define X86EMUL_F_WRITE                 BIT(0)
#define X86EMUL_F_FETCH                 BIT(1)
#define X86EMUL_F_IMPLICIT              BIT(2)
#define X86EMUL_F_INVLPG                BIT(3)
#define X86EMUL_F_MSR                   BIT(4)
#define X86EMUL_F_DT_LOAD               BIT(5)

struct x86_emulate_ops {
        void (*vm_bugged)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        /*
         * read_gpr: read a general purpose register (rax - r15)
         *
         * @reg: gpr number.
         */
        ulong (*read_gpr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned reg);
        /*
         * write_gpr: write a general purpose register (rax - r15)
         *
         * @reg: gpr number.
         * @val: value to write.
         */
        void (*write_gpr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned reg, ulong val);
        /*
         * read_std: Read bytes of standard (non-emulated/special) memory.
         *           Used for descriptor reading.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address from which to read.
         *  @val:   [OUT] Value read from memory, zero-extended to 'u_long'.
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory.
         *  @system:[IN ] Whether the access is forced to be at CPL0.
         */
        int (*read_std)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                        unsigned long addr, void *val,
                        unsigned int bytes,
                        struct x86_exception *fault, bool system);

        /*
         * write_std: Write bytes of standard (non-emulated/special) memory.
         *            Used for descriptor writing.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address to which to write.
         *  @val:   [OUT] Value write to memory, zero-extended to 'u_long'.
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to write to memory.
         *  @system:[IN ] Whether the access is forced to be at CPL0.
         */
        int (*write_std)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                         unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
                         struct x86_exception *fault, bool system);
        /*
         * fetch: Read bytes of standard (non-emulated/special) memory.
         *        Used for instruction fetch.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address from which to read.
         *  @val:   [OUT] Value read from memory, zero-extended to 'u_long'.
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory.
         */
        int (*fetch)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                     unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
                     struct x86_exception *fault);

        /*
         * read_emulated: Read bytes from emulated/special memory area.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address from which to read.
         *  @val:   [OUT] Value read from memory, zero-extended to 'u_long'.
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to read from memory.
         */
        int (*read_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                             unsigned long addr, void *val, unsigned int bytes,
                             struct x86_exception *fault);

        /*
         * write_emulated: Write bytes to emulated/special memory area.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address to which to write.
         *  @val:   [IN ] Value to write to memory (low-order bytes used as
         *                required).
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to write to memory.
         */
        int (*write_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                              unsigned long addr, const void *val,
                              unsigned int bytes,
                              struct x86_exception *fault);

        /*
         * cmpxchg_emulated: Emulate an atomic (LOCKed) CMPXCHG operation on an
         *                   emulated/special memory area.
         *  @addr:  [IN ] Linear address to access.
         *  @old:   [IN ] Value expected to be current at @addr.
         *  @new:   [IN ] Value to write to @addr.
         *  @bytes: [IN ] Number of bytes to access using CMPXCHG.
         */
        int (*cmpxchg_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                                unsigned long addr,
                                const void *old,
                                const void *new,
                                unsigned int bytes,
                                struct x86_exception *fault);
        void (*invlpg)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, ulong addr);

        int (*pio_in_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                               int size, unsigned short port, void *val,
                               unsigned int count);

        int (*pio_out_emulated)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                                int size, unsigned short port, const void *val,
                                unsigned int count);

        bool (*get_segment)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u16 *selector,
                            struct desc_struct *desc, u32 *base3, int seg);
        void (*set_segment)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u16 selector,
                            struct desc_struct *desc, u32 base3, int seg);
        unsigned long (*get_cached_segment_base)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                                                 int seg);
        void (*get_gdt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
        void (*get_idt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
        void (*set_gdt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
        void (*set_idt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, struct desc_ptr *dt);
        ulong (*get_cr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int cr);
        int (*set_cr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int cr, ulong val);
        int (*cpl)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        ulong (*get_dr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int dr);
        int (*set_dr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int dr, ulong value);
        int (*set_msr_with_filter)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 data);
        int (*get_msr_with_filter)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 *pdata);
        int (*get_msr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 msr_index, u64 *pdata);
        int (*check_rdpmc_early)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 pmc);
        int (*read_pmc)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 pmc, u64 *pdata);
        void (*halt)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        void (*wbinvd)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        int (*fix_hypercall)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        int (*intercept)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                         struct x86_instruction_info *info,
                         enum x86_intercept_stage stage);

        bool (*get_cpuid)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 *eax, u32 *ebx,
                          u32 *ecx, u32 *edx, bool exact_only);
        bool (*guest_has_movbe)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        bool (*guest_has_fxsr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        bool (*guest_has_rdpid)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        bool (*guest_cpuid_is_intel_compatible)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);

        void (*set_nmi_mask)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, bool masked);

        bool (*is_smm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        int (*leave_smm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        void (*triple_fault)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
        int (*get_xcr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 index, u64 *xcr);
        int (*set_xcr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, u32 index, u64 xcr);

        gva_t (*get_untagged_addr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, gva_t addr,
                                   unsigned int flags);

        bool (*is_canonical_addr)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, gva_t addr,
                                  unsigned int flags);
};

/* Type, address-of, and value of an instruction's operand. */
struct operand {
        enum { OP_REG, OP_MEM, OP_MEM_STR, OP_IMM, OP_XMM, OP_YMM, OP_MM, OP_NONE } type;
        unsigned int bytes;
        unsigned int count;
        union {
                unsigned long orig_val;
                u64 orig_val64;
        };
        union {
                unsigned long *reg;
                struct segmented_address {
                        ulong ea;
                        unsigned seg;
                } mem;
                unsigned xmm;
                unsigned mm;
        } addr;
        union {
                unsigned long val;
                u64 val64;
                char valptr[sizeof(avx256_t)];
                sse128_t vec_val;
                avx256_t vec_val2;
                u64 mm_val;
                void *data;
        } __aligned(32);
};

#define X86_MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH      15

struct fetch_cache {
        u8 data[X86_MAX_INSTRUCTION_LENGTH];
        u8 *ptr;
        u8 *end;
};

struct read_cache {
        u8 data[1024];
        unsigned long pos;
        unsigned long end;
};

/* Execution mode, passed to the emulator. */
enum x86emul_mode {
        X86EMUL_MODE_REAL,      /* Real mode.             */
        X86EMUL_MODE_VM86,      /* Virtual 8086 mode.     */
        X86EMUL_MODE_PROT16,    /* 16-bit protected mode. */
        X86EMUL_MODE_PROT32,    /* 32-bit protected mode. */
        X86EMUL_MODE_PROT64,    /* 64-bit (long) mode.    */
};

/*
 * fastop functions are declared as taking a never-defined fastop parameter,
 * so they can't be called from C directly.
 */
struct fastop;

typedef void (*fastop_t)(struct fastop *);

/*
 * The emulator's _regs array tracks only the GPRs, i.e. excludes RIP.  RIP is
 * tracked/accessed via _eip, and except for RIP relative addressing, which
 * also uses _eip, RIP cannot be a register operand nor can it be an operand in
 * a ModRM or SIB byte.
 */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
#define NR_EMULATOR_GPRS        16
#else
#define NR_EMULATOR_GPRS        8
#endif

/*
 * Distinguish between no prefix, REX, or in the future REX2.
 */
enum rex_type {
        REX_NONE,
        REX_PREFIX,
};

struct x86_emulate_ctxt {
        void *vcpu;
        const struct x86_emulate_ops *ops;

        /* Register state before/after emulation. */
        unsigned long eflags;
        unsigned long eip; /* eip before instruction emulation */
        /* Emulated execution mode, represented by an X86EMUL_MODE value. */
        enum x86emul_mode mode;

        /* interruptibility state, as a result of execution of STI or MOV SS */
        int interruptibility;

        bool perm_ok; /* do not check permissions if true */
        bool tf;        /* TF value before instruction (after for syscall/sysret) */

        bool have_exception;
        struct x86_exception exception;

        /* GPA available */
        bool gpa_available;
        gpa_t gpa_val;

        /*
         * decode cache
         */

        /* current opcode length in bytes */
        u8 opcode_len;
        u8 b;
        u8 intercept;
        bool op_prefix;
        u8 op_bytes;
        u8 ad_bytes;
        union {
                int (*execute)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
                fastop_t fop;
        };
        int (*check_perm)(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);

        bool rip_relative;
        enum rex_type rex_prefix;
        u8 rex_bits;
        u8 lock_prefix;
        u8 rep_prefix;
        /* bitmaps of registers in _regs[] that can be read */
        u16 regs_valid;
        /* bitmaps of registers in _regs[] that have been written */
        u16 regs_dirty;
        /* modrm */
        u8 modrm;
        u8 modrm_mod;
        u8 modrm_reg;
        u8 modrm_rm;
        u8 modrm_seg;
        u8 seg_override;
        u64 d;
        unsigned long _eip;

        /* Here begins the usercopy section. */
        struct operand src;
        struct operand src2;
        struct operand dst;
        struct operand memop;
        unsigned long _regs[NR_EMULATOR_GPRS];
        struct operand *memopp;
        struct fetch_cache fetch;
        struct read_cache io_read;
        struct read_cache mem_read;
        bool is_branch;
};

#define KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(cond, ctxt)         \
({                                              \
        int __ret = (cond);                     \
                                                \
        if (WARN_ON_ONCE(__ret))                \
                ctxt->ops->vm_bugged(ctxt);     \
        unlikely(__ret);                        \
})

/* Repeat String Operation Prefix */
#define REPE_PREFIX     0xf3
#define REPNE_PREFIX    0xf2

/* CPUID vendors */
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ebx 0x68747541
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ecx 0x444d4163
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_edx 0x69746e65

#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ebx 0x69444d41
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ecx 0x21726574
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_edx 0x74656273

#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ebx 0x6f677948
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ecx 0x656e6975
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_edx 0x6e65476e

#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ebx 0x756e6547
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ecx 0x6c65746e
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_edx 0x49656e69

#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_ebx 0x746e6543
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_ecx 0x736c7561
#define X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_CentaurHauls_edx 0x48727561

static inline bool is_guest_vendor_intel(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
        return ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ebx &&
               ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_ecx &&
               edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_GenuineIntel_edx;
}

static inline bool is_guest_vendor_amd(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
        return (ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ebx &&
                ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_ecx &&
                edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AuthenticAMD_edx) ||
               (ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ebx &&
                ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_ecx &&
                edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_AMDisbetterI_edx);
}

static inline bool is_guest_vendor_hygon(u32 ebx, u32 ecx, u32 edx)
{
        return ebx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ebx &&
               ecx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_ecx &&
               edx == X86EMUL_CPUID_VENDOR_HygonGenuine_edx;
}

enum x86_intercept_stage {
        X86_ICTP_NONE = 0,   /* Allow zero-init to not match anything */
        X86_ICPT_PRE_EXCEPT,
        X86_ICPT_POST_EXCEPT,
        X86_ICPT_POST_MEMACCESS,
};

enum x86_intercept {
        x86_intercept_none,
        x86_intercept_cr_read,
        x86_intercept_cr_write,
        x86_intercept_clts,
        x86_intercept_lmsw,
        x86_intercept_smsw,
        x86_intercept_dr_read,
        x86_intercept_dr_write,
        x86_intercept_lidt,
        x86_intercept_sidt,
        x86_intercept_lgdt,
        x86_intercept_sgdt,
        x86_intercept_lldt,
        x86_intercept_sldt,
        x86_intercept_ltr,
        x86_intercept_str,
        x86_intercept_rdtsc,
        x86_intercept_rdpmc,
        x86_intercept_pushf,
        x86_intercept_popf,
        x86_intercept_cpuid,
        x86_intercept_rsm,
        x86_intercept_iret,
        x86_intercept_intn,
        x86_intercept_invd,
        x86_intercept_pause,
        x86_intercept_hlt,
        x86_intercept_invlpg,
        x86_intercept_invlpga,
        x86_intercept_vmrun,
        x86_intercept_vmload,
        x86_intercept_vmsave,
        x86_intercept_vmmcall,
        x86_intercept_stgi,
        x86_intercept_clgi,
        x86_intercept_skinit,
        x86_intercept_rdtscp,
        x86_intercept_rdpid,
        x86_intercept_icebp,
        x86_intercept_wbinvd,
        x86_intercept_monitor,
        x86_intercept_mwait,
        x86_intercept_rdmsr,
        x86_intercept_wrmsr,
        x86_intercept_in,
        x86_intercept_ins,
        x86_intercept_out,
        x86_intercept_outs,
        x86_intercept_xsetbv,

        nr_x86_intercepts
};

/* Host execution mode. */
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_32)
#define X86EMUL_MODE_HOST X86EMUL_MODE_PROT32
#elif defined(CONFIG_X86_64)
#define X86EMUL_MODE_HOST X86EMUL_MODE_PROT64
#endif

int x86_decode_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, void *insn, int insn_len, int emulation_type);
bool x86_page_table_writing_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
#define EMULATION_FAILED -1
#define EMULATION_OK 0
#define EMULATION_RESTART 1
#define EMULATION_INTERCEPTED 2
void init_decode_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
int x86_emulate_insn(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, bool check_intercepts);
int emulator_task_switch(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt,
                         u16 tss_selector, int idt_index, int reason,
                         bool has_error_code, u32 error_code);
int emulate_int_real(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, int irq);
void emulator_invalidate_register_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
void emulator_writeback_register_cache(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);
bool emulator_can_use_gpa(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt);

static inline ulong reg_read(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
        if (KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(nr >= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS, ctxt))
                nr &= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS - 1;

        if (!(ctxt->regs_valid & (1 << nr))) {
                ctxt->regs_valid |= 1 << nr;
                ctxt->_regs[nr] = ctxt->ops->read_gpr(ctxt, nr);
        }
        return ctxt->_regs[nr];
}

static inline ulong *reg_write(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
        if (KVM_EMULATOR_BUG_ON(nr >= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS, ctxt))
                nr &= NR_EMULATOR_GPRS - 1;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(ctxt->regs_dirty) * BITS_PER_BYTE < NR_EMULATOR_GPRS);
        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(ctxt->regs_valid) * BITS_PER_BYTE < NR_EMULATOR_GPRS);

        ctxt->regs_valid |= 1 << nr;
        ctxt->regs_dirty |= 1 << nr;
        return &ctxt->_regs[nr];
}

static inline ulong *reg_rmw(struct x86_emulate_ctxt *ctxt, unsigned nr)
{
        reg_read(ctxt, nr);
        return reg_write(ctxt, nr);
}

#endif /* _ASM_X86_KVM_X86_EMULATE_H */