root/src/bin/network/ping/ping6.c
/*      $KAME: ping6.c,v 1.169 2003/07/25 06:01:47 itojun Exp $ */

/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*      BSDI    ping.c,v 2.3 1996/01/21 17:56:50 jch Exp        */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Mike Muuss.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
 *
 * Author -
 *      Mike Muuss
 *      U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
 *      December, 1983
 *
 * Status -
 *      Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
 * Bugs -
 *      More statistics could always be gathered.
 *      This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
 */
/*
 * NOTE:
 * USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID assumes that sin6_scope_id has the same semantics
 * as IPV6_PKTINFO.  Some people object it (sin6_scope_id specifies *link*
 * while IPV6_PKTINFO specifies *interface*.  Link is defined as collection of
 * network attached to 1 or more interfaces)
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#ifndef __HAIKU__
#include <sys/capsicum.h>
#endif
#include <sys/uio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <arpa/nameser.h>
#include <netdb.h>

#ifndef __HAIKU__
#include <capsicum_helpers.h>
#include <casper/cap_dns.h>
#include <libcasper.h>
#endif

#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sysexits.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#ifdef IPSEC
#include <netipsec/ah.h>
#include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
#include <md5.h>
#endif

#include "main.h"
#include "ping6.h"

struct tv32 {
        u_int32_t tv32_sec;
        u_int32_t tv32_nsec;
};

#define MAXPACKETLEN    131072
#define IP6LEN          40
#define ICMP6ECHOLEN    8       /* icmp echo header len excluding time */
#define ICMP6ECHOTMLEN sizeof(struct tv32)
#define ICMP6_NIQLEN    (ICMP6ECHOLEN + 8)
# define CONTROLLEN     10240   /* ancillary data buffer size RFC3542 20.1 */
/* FQDN case, 64 bits of nonce + 32 bits ttl */
#define ICMP6_NIRLEN    (ICMP6ECHOLEN + 12)
#define EXTRA           256     /* for AH and various other headers. weird. */
#define DEFDATALEN      ICMP6ECHOTMLEN
#define MAXDATALEN      MAXPACKETLEN - IP6LEN - ICMP6ECHOLEN
#define NROUTES         9               /* number of record route slots */
#define MAXWAIT         10000           /* max ms to wait for response */
#define MAXALARM        (60 * 60)       /* max seconds for alarm timeout */

#define A(bit)          rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]      /* identify byte in array */
#define B(bit)          (1 << ((bit) & 0x07))   /* identify bit in byte */
#define SET(bit)        (A(bit) |= B(bit))
#define CLR(bit)        (A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
#define TST(bit)        (A(bit) & B(bit))

#define F_FLOOD         0x0001
#define F_INTERVAL      0x0002
#define F_PINGFILLED    0x0008
#define F_QUIET         0x0010
#define F_RROUTE        0x0020
#define F_SO_DEBUG      0x0040
#define F_VERBOSE       0x0100
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
#define F_POLICY        0x0400
#else
#define F_AUTHHDR       0x0200
#define F_ENCRYPT       0x0400
#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
#endif /*IPSEC*/
#define F_NODEADDR      0x0800
#define F_FQDN          0x1000
#define F_INTERFACE     0x2000
#define F_SRCADDR       0x4000
#define F_FQDNOLD       0x20000
#define F_NIGROUP       0x40000
#define F_SUPTYPES      0x80000
#define F_NOMINMTU      0x100000
#define F_ONCE          0x200000
#define F_AUDIBLE       0x400000
#define F_MISSED        0x800000
#define F_DONTFRAG      0x1000000
#define F_NOUSERDATA    (F_NODEADDR | F_FQDN | F_FQDNOLD | F_SUPTYPES)
#define F_WAITTIME      0x2000000
#define F_DOT           0x4000000

#define IN6LEN          sizeof(struct in6_addr)
#define SA6LEN          sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6)
#define DUMMY_PORT      10101

#define SIN6(s) ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(s))

/*
 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
 * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
 */
#define MAX_DUP_CHK     (8 * 8192)
static int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
static char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];

static struct sockaddr_in6 dst; /* who to ping6 */
static struct sockaddr_in6 src; /* src addr of this packet */
static socklen_t srclen;
static size_t datalen = DEFDATALEN;
static int ssend;               /* send socket file descriptor */
static int srecv;               /* receive socket file descriptor */
static u_char outpack[MAXPACKETLEN];
static char BSPACE = '\b';      /* characters written for flood */
static char BBELL = '\a';       /* characters written for AUDIBLE */
static const char *DOT = ".";
static size_t DOTlen = 1;
static size_t DOTidx = 0;
static int ident;               /* process id to identify our packets */
static u_int8_t nonce[8];       /* nonce field for node information */
static int hoplimit = -1;       /* hoplimit */
static int tclass = -1;         /* traffic class */
static int pcp = -2;            /* vlan priority code point */
static u_char *packet = NULL;
#ifndef __HAIKU__
static cap_channel_t *capdns;
#endif

/* counters */
static long nmissedmax;         /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */
static long npackets;           /* max packets to transmit */
static long ntransmitfailures;  /* number of transmit failures */
static int interval = 1000;     /* interval between packets in ms */
static int waittime = MAXWAIT;  /* timeout for each packet */

/* for node addresses */
static u_short naflags;

/* for ancillary data(advanced API) */
static struct msghdr smsghdr;
static struct iovec smsgiov;
static char *scmsg = 0;

#ifndef __HAIKU__
static cap_channel_t *capdns_setup(void);
#endif
static void      fill(char *, char *);
static int       get_hoplim(struct msghdr *);
static int       get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *);
static struct in6_pktinfo *get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *);
static size_t    pingerlen(void);
static int       pinger(void);
static const char *pr_addr(struct sockaddr *, int);
static void      pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *, u_char *);
static void      pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *);
static void      pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, size_t);
static void      pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *, int);
static int       myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *);
static int       mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *);
static const char *dnsdecode(const u_char *, const u_char *, const u_char *,
    char *, size_t);
static void      pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct msghdr *);
static void      pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *);
static void      pr_ip6opt(void *, size_t);
static void      pr_rthdr(void *, size_t);
static int       pr_bitrange(u_int32_t, int, int);
static void      pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *, u_char *);
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
static int       setpolicy(int, char *);
#endif
#endif
#ifndef __HAIKU__
static char     *nigroup(char *, int);
#endif

int
ping6(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        struct timespec last, intvl;
        struct sockaddr_in6 from, *sin6;
        struct addrinfo hints, *res;
        struct sigaction si_sa;
        int cc, i;
        int almost_done, ch, hold, packlen, preload, optval, error;
        int nig_oldmcprefix = -1;
        u_char *datap;
        char *e, *target, *ifname = NULL, *gateway = NULL;
        int ip6optlen = 0;
        struct cmsghdr *scmsgp = NULL;
        /* For control (ancillary) data received from recvmsg() */
        u_char cm[CONTROLLEN];
#if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
        u_long lsockbufsize;
        int sockbufsize = 0;
#endif
        int usepktinfo = 0;
        struct in6_pktinfo pktinfo;
        char *cmsg_pktinfo = NULL;
        struct ip6_rthdr *rthdr = NULL;
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
        char *policy_in = NULL;
        char *policy_out = NULL;
#endif
        double t;
        u_long alarmtimeout;
        size_t rthlen;
#ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
        int mflag = 0;
#endif
#ifndef __HAIKU__
        cap_rights_t rights_srecv;
        cap_rights_t rights_ssend;
        cap_rights_t rights_stdin;
#endif

        /* just to be sure */
        memset(&smsghdr, 0, sizeof(smsghdr));
        memset(&smsgiov, 0, sizeof(smsgiov));
        memset(&pktinfo, 0, sizeof(pktinfo));

        intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000;
        intvl.tv_nsec = interval % 1000 * 1000000;

        alarmtimeout = preload = 0;
        datap = &outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN];
#ifndef __HAIKU__
        capdns = capdns_setup();
#endif

        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, PING6OPTS)) != -1) {
                switch (ch) {
                case '.':
                        options |= F_DOT;
                        if (optarg != NULL) {
                                DOT = optarg;
                                DOTlen = strlen(optarg);
                        }
                        break;
                case '6':
                        /* This option is processed in main(). */
                        break;
                case 'k':
                {
                        char *cp;

                        options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
                        options |= F_NODEADDR;
                        for (cp = optarg; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
                                switch (*cp) {
                                case 'a':
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ALL;
                                        break;
                                case 'c':
                                case 'C':
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_COMPAT;
                                        break;
                                case 'l':
                                case 'L':
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_LINKLOCAL;
                                        break;
                                case 's':
                                case 'S':
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_SITELOCAL;
                                        break;
                                case 'g':
                                case 'G':
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_GLOBAL;
                                        break;
                                case 'A': /* experimental. not in the spec */
#ifdef NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST
                                        naflags |= NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_ANYCAST;
                                        break;
#else
                                        errx(1,
"-a A is not supported on the platform");
                                        /*NOTREACHED*/
#endif
                                default:
                                        usage();
                                        /*NOTREACHED*/
                                }
                        }
                        break;
                }
                case 'b':
#if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
                        errno = 0;
                        e = NULL;
                        lsockbufsize = strtoul(optarg, &e, 10);
                        sockbufsize = (int)lsockbufsize;
                        if (errno || !*optarg || *e ||
                            lsockbufsize > INT_MAX)
                                errx(1, "invalid socket buffer size");
#else
                        errx(1,
"-b option ignored: SO_SNDBUF/SO_RCVBUF socket options not supported");
#endif
                        break;
                case 'C':               /* vlan priority code point */
                        pcp = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal vlan pcp %s", optarg);
                        if (7 < pcp || pcp < -1)
                                errx(1, "illegal vlan pcp -- %s", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'c':
                        npackets = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (npackets <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1,
                                    "illegal number of packets -- %s", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        options |= F_DONTFRAG;
                        break;
                case 'd':
                        options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
                        break;
                case 'f':
                        if (getuid()) {
                                errno = EPERM;
                                errx(1, "Must be superuser to flood ping");
                        }
                        options |= F_FLOOD;
                        options |= F_DOT;
                        setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL);
                        break;
                case 'e':
                        gateway = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'H':
                        options |= F_HOSTNAME;
                        break;
                case 'm':               /* hoplimit */
                        hoplimit = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal hoplimit %s", optarg);
                        if (255 < hoplimit || hoplimit < -1)
                                errx(1,
                                    "illegal hoplimit -- %s", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'I':
                        ifname = optarg;
                        options |= F_INTERFACE;
#ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
                        usepktinfo++;
#endif
                        break;
                case 'i':               /* wait between sending packets */
                        t = strtod(optarg, &e);
                        if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
                        if (t < 1 && getuid()) {
                                errx(1, "%s: only root may use interval < 1s",
                                    strerror(EPERM));
                        }
                        intvl.tv_sec = (time_t)t;
                        intvl.tv_nsec =
                            (long)((t - intvl.tv_sec) * 1000000000);
                        if (intvl.tv_sec < 0)
                                errx(1, "illegal timing interval %s", optarg);
                        /* less than 1/hz does not make sense */
                        if (intvl.tv_sec == 0 && intvl.tv_nsec < 1000) {
                                warnx("too small interval, raised to .000001");
                                intvl.tv_nsec = 1000;
                        }
                        options |= F_INTERVAL;
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        if (getuid()) {
                                errno = EPERM;
                                errx(1, "Must be superuser to preload");
                        }
                        preload = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (preload < 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal preload value -- %s", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'u':
#ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
                        mflag++;
                        break;
#else
                        errx(1, "-%c is not supported on this platform", ch);
                        /*NOTREACHED*/
#endif
                case 'n':
                        options &= ~F_HOSTNAME;
                        break;
                case 'N':
                        options |= F_NIGROUP;
                        nig_oldmcprefix++;
                        break;
                case 'o':
                        options |= F_ONCE;
                        break;
                case 'p':               /* fill buffer with user pattern */
                        options |= F_PINGFILLED;
                        fill((char *)datap, optarg);
                                break;
                case 'q':
                        options |= F_QUIET;
                        break;
                case 'a':
                        options |= F_AUDIBLE;
                        break;
                case 'A':
                        options |= F_MISSED;
                        break;
                case 'S':
                        memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
                        hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST; /* allow hostname? */
                        hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
                        hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
                        hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;

#ifdef __HAIKU__
#define cap_getaddrinfo(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5) getaddrinfo(p2,p3,p4,p5)
#endif
                        error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, optarg, NULL, &hints, &res);
                        if (error) {
                                errx(1, "invalid source address: %s",
                                     gai_strerror(error));
                        }
                        /*
                         * res->ai_family must be AF_INET6 and res->ai_addrlen
                         * must be sizeof(src).
                         */
                        memcpy(&src, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
                        srclen = res->ai_addrlen;
                        freeaddrinfo(res);
                        options |= F_SRCADDR;
                        break;
                case 's':               /* size of packet to send */
                        datalen = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (datalen <= 0 || *optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal datalen value -- %s", optarg);
                        if (datalen > MAXDATALEN) {
                                errx(1,
                                    "datalen value too large, maximum is %d",
                                    MAXDATALEN);
                        }
                        break;
                case 'O':
                        options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
                        options |= F_SUPTYPES;
                        break;
                case 'v':
                        options |= F_VERBOSE;
                        break;
                case 'y':
                        options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
                        options |= F_FQDN;
                        break;
                case 'Y':
                        options &= ~F_NOUSERDATA;
                        options |= F_FQDNOLD;
                        break;
                case 'W':
                        t = strtod(optarg, &e);
                        if (*e || e == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX)
                                errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'",
                                    optarg);
                        options |= F_WAITTIME;
                        waittime = (int)t;
                        break;
                case 't':
                        alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &e, 0);
                        if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX))
                                errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'",
                                    optarg);
                        if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM)
                                errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d",
                                    optarg, MAXALARM);
                        {
                                struct itimerval itv;

                                timerclear(&itv.it_interval);
                                timerclear(&itv.it_value);
                                itv.it_value.tv_sec = (time_t)alarmtimeout;
                                if (setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, NULL) != 0)
                                        err(1, "setitimer");
                        }
                        break;
                case 'z':               /* traffic class */
                        tclass = strtol(optarg, &e, 10);
                        if (*optarg == '\0' || *e != '\0')
                                errx(1, "illegal traffic class %s", optarg);
                        if (255 < tclass || tclass < -1)
                                errx(1,
                                    "illegal traffic class -- %s", optarg);
                        break;
#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
                case 'P':
                        options |= F_POLICY;
                        if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) {
                                if ((policy_in = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
                                        errx(1, "strdup");
                        } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) {
                                if ((policy_out = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
                                        errx(1, "strdup");
                        } else
                                errx(1, "invalid security policy");
                        break;
#else
                case 'Z':
                        options |= F_AUTHHDR;
                        break;
                case 'E':
                        options |= F_ENCRYPT;
                        break;
#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
#endif /*IPSEC*/
                default:
                        usage();
                        /*NOTREACHED*/
                }
        }

        argc -= optind;
        argv += optind;

        if (argc < 1) {
                usage();
                /*NOTREACHED*/
        }

#ifndef __HAIKU__
        if (argc > 1) {
#ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR   /* 2292bis */
                rthlen = CMSG_SPACE(inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0,
                    argc - 1));
#else  /* RFC2292 */
                rthlen = inet6_rthdr_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
#endif
                if (rthlen == 0) {
                        errx(1, "too many intermediate hops");
                        /*NOTREACHED*/
                }
                ip6optlen += rthlen;
        }
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
        if (options & F_NIGROUP) {
                target = nigroup(argv[argc - 1], nig_oldmcprefix);
                if (target == NULL) {
                        usage();
                        /*NOTREACHED*/
                }
        } else
#endif
                target = argv[argc - 1];

        /* cap_getaddrinfo */
        memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
        hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
        hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
        hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
        hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;

        error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, target, NULL, &hints, &res);
        if (error)
                errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s",
                    target, gai_strerror(error));
        if (res->ai_canonname)
                hostname = strdup(res->ai_canonname);
        else
                hostname = target;

        if (!res->ai_addr)
                errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s", target);

        (void)memcpy(&dst, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);

        if ((ssend = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
            res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
                err(1, "socket ssend");
        if ((srecv = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype,
            res->ai_protocol)) < 0)
                err(1, "socket srecv");
        freeaddrinfo(res);

        /* set the source address if specified. */
        if ((options & F_SRCADDR) != 0) {
                /* properly fill sin6_scope_id */
                if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&src.sin6_addr) && (
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr) ||
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&dst.sin6_addr))) {
                        if (src.sin6_scope_id == 0)
                                src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;
                        if (dst.sin6_scope_id == 0)
                                dst.sin6_scope_id = src.sin6_scope_id;
                }
                if (bind(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&src, srclen) != 0)
                        err(1, "bind");
        }
#ifndef __HAIKU__
        /* set the gateway (next hop) if specified */
        if (gateway) {
                memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
                hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
                hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
                hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;

                error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, gateway, NULL, &hints, &res);
                if (error) {
                        errx(1, "cap_getaddrinfo for the gateway %s: %s",
                             gateway, gai_strerror(error));
                }
                if (res->ai_next && (options & F_VERBOSE))
                        warnx("gateway resolves to multiple addresses");

                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_NEXTHOP,
                    res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen)) {
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_NEXTHOP)");
                }

                freeaddrinfo(res);
        }
#endif

        /*
         * let the kernel pass extension headers of incoming packets,
         * for privileged socket options
         */
        if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
                int opton = 1;

#ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPOPTS)");
#else  /* old adv. API */
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPOPTS, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_HOPOPTS)");
#endif
#ifdef IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVDSTOPTS)");
#else  /* old adv. API */
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DSTOPTS, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_DSTOPTS)");
#endif
#ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDRDSTOPTS)");
#endif
        }

        /* revoke root privilege */
        if (seteuid(getuid()) != 0)
                err(1, "seteuid() failed");
        if (setuid(getuid()) != 0)
                err(1, "setuid() failed");

        if ((options & F_FLOOD) && (options & F_INTERVAL))
                errx(1, "-f and -i incompatible options");

        if ((options & F_NOUSERDATA) == 0) {
                if (datalen >= sizeof(struct tv32)) {
                        /* we can time transfer */
                        timing = 1;
                } else
                        timing = 0;
                /* in F_VERBOSE case, we may get non-echoreply packets*/
                if (options & F_VERBOSE)
                        packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
                else
                        packlen = datalen + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
        } else {
                /* suppress timing for node information query */
                timing = 0;
                datalen = 2048;
                packlen = 2048 + IP6LEN + ICMP6ECHOLEN + EXTRA;
        }

        if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen)))
                err(1, "Unable to allocate packet");
        if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
                for (i = ICMP6ECHOLEN; i < packlen; ++i)
                        *datap++ = i;

        ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
        arc4random_buf(nonce, sizeof(nonce));
        optval = 1;
#ifndef __HAIKU__
        if (options & F_DONTFRAG)
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DONTFRAG,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "IPV6_DONTFRAG");
#endif
        hold = 1;

        if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) {
                (void)setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
                    sizeof(hold));
                (void)setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
                    sizeof(hold));
        }
        optval = IPV6_DEFHLIM;
        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS");
#ifdef IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU
        if (mflag != 1) {
                optval = mflag > 1 ? 0 : 1;

                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU)");
        }
#ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
        else {
                optval = 1;
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPATHMTU,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPATHMTU)");
        }
#endif /* IPV6_RECVPATHMTU */
#endif /* IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU */

#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
        if (options & F_POLICY) {
                if (setpolicy(srecv, policy_in) < 0)
                        errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
                if (setpolicy(ssend, policy_out) < 0)
                        errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
        }
#else
        if (options & F_AUTHHDR) {
                optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
#ifdef IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL,
                     &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL)");
#else /* old def */
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL)");
#endif
        }
        if (options & F_ENCRYPT) {
                optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE;
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL)");
        }
#endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/
#endif

#ifdef ICMP6_FILTER
    {
        struct icmp6_filter filt;
        if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) {
                ICMP6_FILTER_SETBLOCKALL(&filt);
                if ((options & F_FQDN) || (options & F_FQDNOLD) ||
                    (options & F_NODEADDR) || (options & F_SUPTYPES))
                        ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_NI_REPLY, &filt);
                else
                        ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASS(ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY, &filt);
        } else {
                ICMP6_FILTER_SETPASSALL(&filt);
        }
        if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_ICMPV6, ICMP6_FILTER, &filt,
            sizeof(filt)) < 0)
                err(1, "setsockopt(ICMP6_FILTER)");
    }
#endif /*ICMP6_FILTER*/

        /* let the kernel pass extension headers of incoming packets */
        if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
                int opton = 1;

#ifdef IPV6_RECVRTHDR
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVRTHDR, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVRTHDR)");
#else  /* old adv. API */
                if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR, &opton,
                    sizeof(opton)))
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");
#endif
        }

/*
        optval = 1;
        if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&dst.sin6_addr))
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP,
                    &optval, sizeof(optval)) == -1)
                        err(1, "IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP");
*/

        /* Specify the outgoing interface and/or the source address */
        if (usepktinfo)
                ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));

        if (hoplimit != -1)
                ip6optlen += CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int));

        /* set IP6 packet options */
        if (ip6optlen) {
                if ((scmsg = (char *)malloc(ip6optlen)) == NULL)
                        errx(1, "can't allocate enough memory");
                smsghdr.msg_control = (caddr_t)scmsg;
                smsghdr.msg_controllen = ip6optlen;
                scmsgp = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&smsghdr);
        }
        if (usepktinfo) {
                cmsg_pktinfo = CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
                scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo));
                scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
                scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_PKTINFO;
                scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
        }

        /* set the outgoing interface */
        if (ifname) {
#ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
                /* pktinfo must have already been allocated */
                if ((pktinfo.ipi6_ifindex = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
                        errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
#else
                if ((dst.sin6_scope_id = if_nametoindex(ifname)) == 0)
                        errx(1, "%s: invalid interface name", ifname);
#endif
        }
        if (hoplimit != -1) {
                scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
                scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
                scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_HOPLIMIT;
                memcpy(CMSG_DATA(scmsgp), &hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit));

                scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
        }

#ifndef __HAIKU__
        if (tclass != -1) {
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_TCLASS,
                    &tclass, sizeof(tclass)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_TCLASS)");
        }

        if (pcp != -2) {
                if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_VLAN_PCP,
                    &pcp, sizeof(pcp)) == -1)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_VLAN_PCP)");
        }

        if (argc > 1) { /* some intermediate addrs are specified */
                int hops;
                int rthdrlen;

                rthdrlen = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
                scmsgp->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(rthdrlen);
                scmsgp->cmsg_level = IPPROTO_IPV6;
                scmsgp->cmsg_type = IPV6_RTHDR;
                rthdr = (struct ip6_rthdr *)CMSG_DATA(scmsgp);
                rthdr = inet6_rth_init((void *)rthdr, rthdrlen,
                    IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, argc - 1);
                if (rthdr == NULL)
                        errx(1, "can't initialize rthdr");

                for (hops = 0; hops < argc - 1; hops++) {
                        memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
                        hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;

                        if ((error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, argv[hops], NULL, &hints,
                            &res)))
                                errx(1, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
                        if (res->ai_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
                                errx(1,
                                    "bad addr family of an intermediate addr");
                        sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)res->ai_addr;
                        if (inet6_rth_add(rthdr, &sin6->sin6_addr))
                                errx(1, "can't add an intermediate node");
                        freeaddrinfo(res);
                }

                scmsgp = CMSG_NXTHDR(&smsghdr, scmsgp);
        }
#endif

        /* From now on we will use only reverse DNS lookups. */
#ifdef WITH_CASPER
        if (capdns != NULL) {
                const char *types[1];

                types[0] = "ADDR2NAME";
                if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
                        err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
        }
#endif
        if (!(options & F_SRCADDR)) {
                /*
                 * get the source address. XXX since we revoked the root
                 * privilege, we cannot use a raw socket for this.
                 */
                int dummy;
                socklen_t len = sizeof(src);

                if ((dummy = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
                        err(1, "UDP socket");

                src.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
                src.sin6_addr = dst.sin6_addr;
                src.sin6_port = ntohs(DUMMY_PORT);
                src.sin6_scope_id = dst.sin6_scope_id;

                if (usepktinfo &&
                    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO,
                    (void *)&pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo)))
                        err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)");

                if (hoplimit != -1 &&
                    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
                    (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
                        err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS)");

                if (hoplimit != -1 &&
                    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS,
                    (void *)&hoplimit, sizeof(hoplimit)))
                        err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS)");

                if (rthdr &&
                    setsockopt(dummy, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR,
                    (void *)rthdr, (rthdr->ip6r_len + 1) << 3))
                        err(1, "UDP setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR)");

                if (connect(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, len) < 0)
                        err(1, "UDP connect");

                if (getsockname(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&src, &len) < 0)
                        err(1, "getsockname");

                close(dummy);
        }

        /* Save pktinfo in the ancillary data. */
        if (usepktinfo)
                memcpy(cmsg_pktinfo, &pktinfo, sizeof(pktinfo));

        if (connect(ssend, (struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)) != 0)
                err(1, "connect() ssend");

#ifndef __HAIKU__
        caph_cache_catpages();
        if (caph_enter_casper() < 0)
                err(1, "caph_enter_casper");

        cap_rights_init(&rights_stdin);
        if (caph_rights_limit(STDIN_FILENO, &rights_stdin) < 0)
                err(1, "caph_rights_limit stdin");
        if (caph_limit_stdout() < 0)
                err(1, "caph_limit_stdout");
        if (caph_limit_stderr() < 0)
                err(1, "caph_limit_stderr");

        cap_rights_init(&rights_srecv, CAP_RECV, CAP_EVENT, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
        if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
                err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv");
        cap_rights_init(&rights_ssend, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
        if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
                err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend");
#endif

#if defined(SO_SNDBUF) && defined(SO_RCVBUF)
        if (sockbufsize) {
                if (datalen > (size_t)sockbufsize)
                        warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
                if (setsockopt(ssend, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sockbufsize,
                    sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(SO_SNDBUF)");
                if (setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &sockbufsize,
                    sizeof(sockbufsize)) < 0)
                        err(1, "setsockopt(SO_RCVBUF)");
        }
        else {
                if (datalen > 8 * 1024) /*XXX*/
                        warnx("you need -b to increase socket buffer size");
                /*
                 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of
                 * answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying
                 * to stress the ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache
                 * to get some stuff for /etc/ethers.
                 */
                hold = 48 * 1024;
                setsockopt(srecv, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
                    sizeof(hold));
        }
#endif

        optval = 1;
#ifndef USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID
#ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
        if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &optval,
            sizeof(optval)) < 0)
                warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
#else  /* old adv. API */
        if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &optval,
            sizeof(optval)) < 0)
                warn("setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)"); /* XXX err? */
#endif
#endif /* USE_SIN6_SCOPE_ID */
#ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
        if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, &optval,
            sizeof(optval)) < 0)
                warn("setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
#else  /* old adv. API */
        if (setsockopt(srecv, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT, &optval,
            sizeof(optval)) < 0)
                warn("setsockopt(IPV6_HOPLIMIT)"); /* XXX err? */
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
        cap_rights_clear(&rights_srecv, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
        if (caph_rights_limit(srecv, &rights_srecv) < 0)
                err(1, "caph_rights_limit srecv setsockopt");
        cap_rights_clear(&rights_ssend, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
        if (caph_rights_limit(ssend, &rights_ssend) < 0)
                err(1, "caph_rights_limit ssend setsockopt");
#endif

        printf("PING(%lu=40+8+%lu bytes) ", (unsigned long)(40 + pingerlen()),
            (unsigned long)(pingerlen() - 8));
        printf("%s --> ", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&src, sizeof(src)));
        printf("%s\n", pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dst, sizeof(dst)));

        if (preload == 0)
                pinger();
        else {
                if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets)
                        preload = npackets;
                while (preload--)
                        pinger();
        }
        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);

        sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
        si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
        si_sa.sa_handler = onsignal;
        if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
                err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT");
        seenint = 0;
#ifndef __HAIKU__       
        if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
                err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINFO");
        seeninfo = 0;
#endif
        if (alarmtimeout > 0) {
                if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1)
                        err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM");
        }
        if (options & F_FLOOD) {
                intvl.tv_sec = 0;
                intvl.tv_nsec = 10000000;
        }

        almost_done = 0;
        while (seenint == 0) {
                struct timespec now, timeout;
                struct msghdr m;
                struct iovec iov[2];
                fd_set rfds;
                int n;

                /* signal handling */
                if (seeninfo) {
                        pr_summary(stderr);
                        seeninfo = 0;
                        continue;
                }
                FD_ZERO(&rfds);
                FD_SET(srecv, &rfds);
                clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now);
                timespecadd(&last, &intvl, &timeout);
                timespecsub(&timeout, &now, &timeout);
                if (timeout.tv_sec < 0)
                        timespecclear(&timeout);

                n = pselect(srecv + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout, NULL);
                if (n < 0)
                        continue;       /* EINTR */
                if (n == 1) {
                        m.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from;
                        m.msg_namelen = sizeof(from);
                        memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
                        iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)packet;
                        iov[0].iov_len = packlen;
                        m.msg_iov = iov;
                        m.msg_iovlen = 1;
                        memset(cm, 0, CONTROLLEN);
                        m.msg_control = (void *)cm;
                        m.msg_controllen = CONTROLLEN;

                        cc = recvmsg(srecv, &m, 0);
                        if (cc < 0) {
                                if (errno != EINTR) {
                                        warn("recvmsg");
                                        sleep(1);
                                }
                                continue;
                        } else if (cc == 0) {
                                int mtu;

                                /*
                                 * receive control messages only. Process the
                                 * exceptions (currently the only possibility is
                                 * a path MTU notification.)
                                 */
                                if ((mtu = get_pathmtu(&m)) > 0) {
                                        if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
                                                printf("new path MTU (%d) is "
                                                    "notified\n", mtu);
                                        }
                                }
                                continue;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * an ICMPv6 message (probably an echoreply)
                                 * arrived.
                                 */
                                pr_pack(packet, cc, &m);
                        }
                        if (((options & F_ONCE) != 0 && nreceived > 0) ||
                            (npackets > 0 && nreceived >= npackets))
                                break;
                }
                if (n == 0 || (options & F_FLOOD)) {
                        if (npackets == 0 || ntransmitted < npackets)
                                pinger();
                        else {
                                if (almost_done)
                                        break;
                                almost_done = 1;
                                /*
                                 * If we're not transmitting any more packets,
                                 * change the timer to wait two round-trip times
                                 * if we've received any packets or (waittime)
                                 * milliseconds if we haven't.
                                 */
                                intvl.tv_nsec = 0;
                                if (nreceived) {
                                        intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000;
                                        if (intvl.tv_sec == 0)
                                                intvl.tv_sec = 1;
                                } else {
                                        intvl.tv_sec = waittime / 1000;
                                        intvl.tv_nsec =
                                            waittime % 1000 * 1000000;
                                }
                        }
                        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &last);
                        if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) {
                                nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1;
                                if (options & F_MISSED)
                                        (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
                        }
                }
        }
        sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask);
        si_sa.sa_flags = 0;
        si_sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
        sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0);
        sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0);
        pr_summary(stdout);

        if(packet != NULL)
                free(packet);

        if (nreceived > 0)
                exit(0);
        else if (ntransmitted > ntransmitfailures)
                exit(2);
        else
                exit(EX_OSERR);
}

/*
 * pinger --
 *      Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
 * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timespec" struct in VAX
 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
 */
static size_t
pingerlen(void)
{
        size_t l;

        if (options & F_FQDN)
                l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
        else if (options & F_FQDNOLD)
                l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
        else if (options & F_NODEADDR)
                l = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
        else if (options & F_SUPTYPES)
                l = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
        else
                l = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;

        return l;
}

static int
pinger(void)
{
        struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
        struct iovec iov[2];
        int i, cc;
        struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip;
        uint16_t seq;

        if (npackets && ntransmitted >= npackets)
                return(-1);     /* no more transmission */

        icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)outpack;
        nip = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)outpack;
        memset(icp, 0, sizeof(*icp));
        icp->icmp6_cksum = 0;
        seq = ntransmitted++;
        CLR(seq % mx_dup_ck);

        if (options & F_FQDN) {
                uint16_t s;

                icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
                icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
                nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
                nip->ni_flags = htons(0);

                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
                    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
                s = htons(seq);
                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));

                memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
                    sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
                cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
                datalen = 0;
        } else if (options & F_FQDNOLD) {
                uint16_t s;
                /* packet format in 03 draft - no Subject data on queries */
                icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
                icp->icmp6_code = 0;    /* code field is always 0 */
                nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_FQDN);
                nip->ni_flags = htons(0);

                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
                    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
                s = htons(seq);
                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));

                cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
                datalen = 0;
        } else if (options & F_NODEADDR) {
                uint16_t s;

                icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
                icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6;
                nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR);
                nip->ni_flags = naflags;

                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
                    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
                s = htons(seq);
                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));

                memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6_NIQLEN], &dst.sin6_addr,
                    sizeof(dst.sin6_addr));
                cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN + sizeof(dst.sin6_addr);
                datalen = 0;
        } else if (options & F_SUPTYPES) {
                uint16_t s;

                icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_NI_QUERY;
                icp->icmp6_code = ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN;   /*empty*/
                nip->ni_qtype = htons(NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES);
                /* we support compressed bitmap */
                nip->ni_flags = NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS;

                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, nonce,
                    sizeof(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce));
                s = htons(seq);
                memcpy(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce, &s, sizeof(s));

                cc = ICMP6_NIQLEN;
                datalen = 0;
        } else {
                icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
                icp->icmp6_code = 0;
                icp->icmp6_id = htons(ident);
                icp->icmp6_seq = htons(seq);
                if (timing) {
                        struct timespec tv;
                        struct tv32 tv32;
                        (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);
                        /*
                         * Truncate seconds down to 32 bits in order
                         * to fit the timestamp within 8 bytes of the
                         * packet. We're only concerned with
                         * durations, not absolute times.
                         */
                        tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_sec);
                        tv32.tv32_nsec = (uint32_t)htonl(tv.tv_nsec);
                        memcpy(&outpack[ICMP6ECHOLEN], &tv32, sizeof(tv32));
                }
                cc = ICMP6ECHOLEN + datalen;
        }

#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (pingerlen() != cc)
                errx(1, "internal error; length mismatch");
#endif

        memset(&iov, 0, sizeof(iov));
        iov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)outpack;
        iov[0].iov_len = cc;
        smsghdr.msg_iov = iov;
        smsghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;

        i = sendmsg(ssend, &smsghdr, 0);

        if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
                if (i < 0) {
                        ntransmitfailures++;
                        warn("sendmsg");
                }
                (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
                    hostname, cc, i);
        }
        if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_DOT)
                (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT[DOTidx++ % DOTlen], 1);

        return(0);
}

static int
myechoreply(const struct icmp6_hdr *icp)
{
        if (ntohs(icp->icmp6_id) == ident)
                return 1;
        else
                return 0;
}

static int
mynireply(const struct icmp6_nodeinfo *nip)
{
        if (memcmp(nip->icmp6_ni_nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
            nonce + sizeof(u_int16_t),
            sizeof(nonce) - sizeof(u_int16_t)) == 0)
                return 1;
        else
                return 0;
}

/*
 * Decode a name from a DNS message.
 *
 * Format of the message is described in RFC 1035 subsection 4.1.4.
 *
 * Arguments:
 *   sp     - Pointer to a DNS pointer octet or to the first octet of a label
 *            in the message.
 *   ep     - Pointer to the end of the message (one step past the last octet).
 *   base   - Pointer to the beginning of the message.
 *   buf    - Buffer into which the decoded name will be saved.
 *   bufsiz - Size of the buffer 'buf'.
 *
 * Return value:
 *   Pointer to an octet immediately following the ending zero octet
 *   of the decoded label, or NULL if an error occurred.
 */
static const char *
dnsdecode(const u_char *sp, const u_char *ep, const u_char *base, char *buf,
        size_t bufsiz)
{
        int i;
        const u_char *cp;
        char cresult[MAXDNAME + 1];
        const u_char *comp;
        int l;

        cp = sp;
        *buf = '\0';

        if (cp >= ep)
                return NULL;
        while (cp < ep) {
                i = *cp;
                if (i == 0 || cp != sp) {
                        if (strlcat((char *)buf, ".", bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
                                return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
                }
                if (i == 0)
                        break;
                cp++;

                if ((i & 0xc0) == 0xc0 && cp - base > (i & 0x3f)) {
                        /* DNS compression */
                        if (!base)
                                return NULL;

                        comp = base + (i & 0x3f);
                        if (dnsdecode(comp, cp, base, cresult,
                            sizeof(cresult)) == NULL)
                                return NULL;
                        if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
                                return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
                        break;
                } else if ((i & 0x3f) == i) {
                        if (i > ep - cp)
                                return NULL;    /*source overrun*/
                        while (i-- > 0 && cp < ep) {
                                l = snprintf(cresult, sizeof(cresult),
                                    isprint(*cp) ? "%c" : "\\%03o", *cp & 0xff);
                                if ((size_t)l >= sizeof(cresult) || l < 0)
                                        return NULL;
                                if (strlcat(buf, cresult, bufsiz) >= bufsiz)
                                        return NULL;    /*result overrun*/
                                cp++;
                        }
                } else
                        return NULL;    /*invalid label*/
        }
        if (i != 0)
                return NULL;    /*not terminated*/
        cp++;
        return cp;
}

/*
 * pr_pack --
 *      Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
 * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
 */
static void
pr_pack(u_char *buf, int cc, struct msghdr *mhdr)
{
#define safeputc(c)     printf((isprint((c)) ? "%c" : "\\%03o"), c)
        struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
        struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
        int i;
        int hoplim;
        struct sockaddr *from;
        int fromlen;
        const u_char *cp = NULL;
        u_char *dp, *end = buf + cc;
        struct in6_pktinfo *pktinfo = NULL;
        struct timespec tv, tp;
        struct tv32 tpp;
        double triptime = 0;
        int dupflag;
        size_t off;
        int oldfqdn;
        u_int16_t seq;
        char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];

        (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tv);

        if (!mhdr || !mhdr->msg_name ||
            mhdr->msg_namelen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) ||
            ((struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name)->sa_family != AF_INET6) {
                if (options & F_VERBOSE)
                        warnx("invalid peername");
                return;
        }
        from = (struct sockaddr *)mhdr->msg_name;
        fromlen = mhdr->msg_namelen;
        if (cc < (int)sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
                if (options & F_VERBOSE)
                        warnx("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc,
                            pr_addr(from, fromlen));
                return;
        }
        if (((mhdr->msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC) != 0) &&
            (options & F_VERBOSE) != 0)
                warnx("some control data discarded, insufficient buffer size");
        icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)buf;
        ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)buf;
        off = 0;

        if ((hoplim = get_hoplim(mhdr)) == -1) {
                warnx("failed to get receiving hop limit");
                return;
        }
        if ((pktinfo = get_rcvpktinfo(mhdr)) == NULL) {
                warnx("failed to get receiving packet information");
                return;
        }

        if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY && myechoreply(icp)) {
                seq = ntohs(icp->icmp6_seq);
                ++nreceived;
                if (timing) {
                        memcpy(&tpp, icp + 1, sizeof(tpp));
                        tp.tv_sec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_sec);
                        tp.tv_nsec = ntohl(tpp.tv32_nsec);
                        timespecsub(&tv, &tp, &tv);
                        triptime = ((double)tv.tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
                            ((double)tv.tv_nsec) / 1000000.0;
                        tsum += triptime;
                        tsumsq += triptime * triptime;
                        if (triptime < tmin)
                                tmin = triptime;
                        if (triptime > tmax)
                                tmax = triptime;
                }

                if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
                        ++nrepeats;
                        --nreceived;
                        dupflag = 1;
                } else {
                        SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
                        dupflag = 0;
                }

                if (options & F_QUIET)
                        return;

                if (options & F_WAITTIME && triptime > waittime) {
                        ++nrcvtimeout;
                        return;
                }

                if (options & F_DOT)
                        (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
                else {
                        if (options & F_AUDIBLE)
                                (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1);
                        (void)printf("%d bytes from %s, icmp_seq=%u", cc,
                            pr_addr(from, fromlen), seq);
                        (void)printf(" hlim=%d", hoplim);
                        if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
                                struct sockaddr_in6 dstsa;

                                memset(&dstsa, 0, sizeof(dstsa));
                                dstsa.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
                                dstsa.sin6_len = sizeof(dstsa);
                                dstsa.sin6_scope_id = pktinfo->ipi6_ifindex;
                                dstsa.sin6_addr = pktinfo->ipi6_addr;
                                (void)printf(" dst=%s",
                                    pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&dstsa,
                                    sizeof(dstsa)));
                        }
                        if (timing)
                                (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime);
                        if (dupflag)
                                (void)printf("(DUP!)");
                        /* check the data */
                        cp = buf + off + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
                        dp = outpack + ICMP6ECHOLEN + ICMP6ECHOTMLEN;
                        for (i = 8; cp < end; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
                                if (*cp != *dp) {
                                        (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", i, *dp, *cp);
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                }
        } else if (icp->icmp6_type == ICMP6_NI_REPLY && mynireply(ni)) {
                memcpy(&seq, ni->icmp6_ni_nonce, sizeof(seq));
                seq = ntohs(seq);
                ++nreceived;
                if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
                        ++nrepeats;
                        --nreceived;
                        dupflag = 1;
                } else {
                        SET(seq % mx_dup_ck);
                        dupflag = 0;
                }

                if (options & F_QUIET)
                        return;

                (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));

                switch (ntohs(ni->ni_code)) {
                case ICMP6_NI_SUCCESS:
                        break;
                case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
                        printf("refused, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
                        goto fqdnend;
                case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
                        printf("unknown, type 0x%x", ntohs(ni->ni_type));
                        goto fqdnend;
                default:
                        printf("unknown code 0x%x, type 0x%x",
                            ntohs(ni->ni_code), ntohs(ni->ni_type));
                        goto fqdnend;
                }

                switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
                case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
                        printf("NodeInfo NOOP");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
                        pr_suptypes(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
                        pr_nodeaddr(ni, end - (u_char *)ni);
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
                default:        /* XXX: for backward compatibility */
                        cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
                        if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] ==
                            cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1)
                                oldfqdn = 1;
                        else
                                oldfqdn = 0;
                        if (oldfqdn) {
                                cp++;   /* skip length */
                                while (cp < end) {
                                        safeputc(*cp & 0xff);
                                        cp++;
                                }
                        } else {
                                i = 0;
                                while (cp < end) {
                                        cp = dnsdecode((const u_char *)cp, end,
                                            (const u_char *)(ni + 1), dnsname,
                                            sizeof(dnsname));
                                        if (cp == NULL) {
                                                printf("???");
                                                break;
                                        }
                                        /*
                                         * name-lookup special handling for
                                         * truncated name
                                         */
                                        if (cp + 1 <= end && !*cp &&
                                            strlen(dnsname) > 0) {
                                                dnsname[strlen(dnsname) - 1] = '\0';
                                                cp++;
                                        }
                                        printf("%s%s", i > 0 ? "," : "",
                                            dnsname);
                                }
                        }
                        if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
                                u_long t;
                                int32_t ttl;
                                int comma = 0;

                                (void)printf(" (");     /*)*/

                                switch (ni->ni_code) {
                                case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
                                        (void)printf("refused");
                                        comma++;
                                        break;
                                case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
                                        (void)printf("unknown qtype");
                                        comma++;
                                        break;
                                }

                                if ((end - (u_char *)ni) < ICMP6_NIRLEN) {
                                        /* case of refusion, unknown */
                                        /*(*/
                                        putchar(')');
                                        goto fqdnend;
                                }
                                memcpy(&t, &buf[off+ICMP6ECHOLEN+8], sizeof(t));
                                ttl = (int32_t)ntohl(t);
                                if (comma)
                                        printf(",");
                                if (!(ni->ni_flags & NI_FQDN_FLAG_VALIDTTL)) {
                                        (void)printf("TTL=%d:meaningless",
                                            (int)ttl);
                                } else {
                                        if (ttl < 0) {
                                                (void)printf("TTL=%d:invalid",
                                                   ttl);
                                        } else
                                                (void)printf("TTL=%d", ttl);
                                }
                                comma++;

                                if (oldfqdn) {
                                        if (comma)
                                                printf(",");
                                        printf("03 draft");
                                        comma++;
                                } else {
                                        cp = (u_char *)ni + ICMP6_NIRLEN;
                                        if (cp == end) {
                                                if (comma)
                                                        printf(",");
                                                printf("no name");
                                                comma++;
                                        }
                                }

                                if (buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN] !=
                                    cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1 && oldfqdn) {
                                        if (comma)
                                                printf(",");
                                        (void)printf("invalid namelen:%d/%lu",
                                            buf[off + ICMP6_NIRLEN],
                                            (u_long)cc - off - ICMP6_NIRLEN - 1);
                                        comma++;
                                }
                                /*(*/
                                putchar(')');
                        }
                fqdnend:
                        ;
                }
        } else {
                /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
                if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
                        return;
                (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, pr_addr(from, fromlen));
                pr_icmph(icp, end);
        }

        if (!(options & F_DOT)) {
                (void)putchar('\n');
                if (options & F_VERBOSE)
                        pr_exthdrs(mhdr);
                (void)fflush(stdout);
        }
#undef safeputc
}

static void
pr_exthdrs(struct msghdr *mhdr)
{
        ssize_t bufsize;
        void    *bufp;
        struct cmsghdr *cm;

        bufsize = 0;
        bufp = mhdr->msg_control;
        for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
             cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
                if (cm->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IPV6)
                        continue;

                bufsize = CONTROLLEN - ((caddr_t)CMSG_DATA(cm) - (caddr_t)bufp);
                if (bufsize <= 0)
                        continue;
                switch (cm->cmsg_type) {
                case IPV6_HOPOPTS:
                        printf("  HbH Options: ");
                        pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
                        break;
                case IPV6_DSTOPTS:
#ifdef IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS
                case IPV6_RTHDRDSTOPTS:
#endif
                        printf("  Dst Options: ");
                        pr_ip6opt(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
                        break;
                case IPV6_RTHDR:
                        printf("  Routing: ");
                        pr_rthdr(CMSG_DATA(cm), (size_t)bufsize);
                        break;
                }
        }
}

#ifndef __HAIKU__
static void
pr_ip6opt(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
{
        struct ip6_hbh *ext;
        int currentlen;
        u_int8_t type;
        socklen_t extlen, len;
        void *databuf;
        size_t offset;
        u_int16_t value2;
        u_int32_t value4;

        ext = (struct ip6_hbh *)extbuf;
        extlen = (ext->ip6h_len + 1) * 8;
        printf("nxt %u, len %u (%lu bytes)\n", ext->ip6h_nxt,
            (unsigned int)ext->ip6h_len, (unsigned long)extlen);

        /*
         * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer:
         *     subtract the size of a cmsg structure from the buffer size.
         */
        if (bufsize < (extlen  + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
                extlen = bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0);
                warnx("options truncated, showing only %u (total=%u)",
                    (unsigned int)(extlen / 8 - 1),
                    (unsigned int)(ext->ip6h_len));
        }

        currentlen = 0;
        while (1) {
                currentlen = inet6_opt_next(extbuf, extlen, currentlen,
                    &type, &len, &databuf);
                if (currentlen == -1)
                        break;
                switch (type) {
                /*
                 * Note that inet6_opt_next automatically skips any padding
                 * optins.
                 */
                case IP6OPT_JUMBO:
                        offset = 0;
                        offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
                            &value4, sizeof(value4));
                        printf("    Jumbo Payload Opt: Length %u\n",
                            (u_int32_t)ntohl(value4));
                        break;
                case IP6OPT_ROUTER_ALERT:
                        offset = 0;
                        offset = inet6_opt_get_val(databuf, offset,
                                                   &value2, sizeof(value2));
                        printf("    Router Alert Opt: Type %u\n",
                            ntohs(value2));
                        break;
                default:
                        printf("    Received Opt %u len %lu\n",
                            type, (unsigned long)len);
                        break;
                }
        }
        return;
}
#else
static void
pr_ip6opt(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
{
        putchar('\n');
        return;
}
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
static void
pr_rthdr(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
{
        struct in6_addr *in6;
        char ntopbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
        struct ip6_rthdr *rh = (struct ip6_rthdr *)extbuf;
        int i, segments, origsegs, rthsize, size0, size1;

        /* print fixed part of the header */
        printf("nxt %u, len %u (%d bytes), type %u, ", rh->ip6r_nxt,
            rh->ip6r_len, (rh->ip6r_len + 1) << 3, rh->ip6r_type);
        if ((segments = inet6_rth_segments(extbuf)) >= 0) {
                printf("%d segments, ", segments);
                printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
        } else {
                printf("segments unknown, ");
                printf("%d left\n", rh->ip6r_segleft);
                return;
        }

        /*
         * Bounds checking on the ancillary data buffer. When calculating
         * the number of items to show keep in mind:
         *      - The size of the cmsg structure
         *      - The size of one segment (the size of a Type 0 routing header)
         *      - When dividing add a fudge factor of one in case the
         *        dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor
         */
        rthsize = (rh->ip6r_len + 1) * 8;
        if (bufsize < (rthsize + CMSG_SPACE(0))) {
                origsegs = segments;
                size0 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 0);
                size1 = inet6_rth_space(IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0, 1);
                segments -= (rthsize - (bufsize - CMSG_SPACE(0))) /
                    (size1 - size0) + 1;
                warnx("segments truncated, showing only %d (total=%d)",
                    segments, origsegs);
        }

        for (i = 0; i < segments; i++) {
                in6 = inet6_rth_getaddr(extbuf, i);
                if (in6 == NULL)
                        printf("   [%d]<NULL>\n", i);
                else {
                        if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, in6, ntopbuf,
                            sizeof(ntopbuf)))
                                strlcpy(ntopbuf, "?", sizeof(ntopbuf));
                        printf("   [%d]%s\n", i, ntopbuf);
                }
        }

        return;

}
#else
static void
pr_rthdr(void *extbuf, size_t bufsize)
{
        putchar('\n');
        return;
}
#endif

static int
pr_bitrange(u_int32_t v, int soff, int ii)
{
        int off;
        int i;

        off = 0;
        while (off < 32) {
                /* shift till we have 0x01 */
                if ((v & 0x01) == 0) {
                        if (ii > 1)
                                printf("-%u", soff + off - 1);
                        ii = 0;
                        switch (v & 0x0f) {
                        case 0x00:
                                v >>= 4;
                                off += 4;
                                continue;
                        case 0x08:
                                v >>= 3;
                                off += 3;
                                continue;
                        case 0x04: case 0x0c:
                                v >>= 2;
                                off += 2;
                                continue;
                        default:
                                v >>= 1;
                                off += 1;
                                continue;
                        }
                }

                /* we have 0x01 with us */
                for (i = 0; i < 32 - off; i++) {
                        if ((v & (0x01 << i)) == 0)
                                break;
                }
                if (!ii)
                        printf(" %u", soff + off);
                ii += i;
                v >>= i; off += i;
        }
        return ii;
}

static void
pr_suptypes(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, size_t nilen)
        /* ni->qtype must be SUPTYPES */
{
        size_t clen;
        u_int32_t v;
        const u_char *cp, *end;
        u_int16_t cur;
        struct cbit {
                u_int16_t words;        /*32bit count*/
                u_int16_t skip;
        } cbit;
#define MAXQTYPES       (1 << 16)
        size_t off;
        int b;

        cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
        end = ((u_char *)ni) + nilen;
        cur = 0;
        b = 0;

        printf("NodeInfo Supported Qtypes");
        if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
                if (ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS)
                        printf(", compressed bitmap");
                else
                        printf(", raw bitmap");
        }

        while (cp < end) {
                clen = (size_t)(end - cp);
                if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) == 0) {
                        if (clen == 0 || clen > MAXQTYPES / 8 ||
                            clen % sizeof(v)) {
                                printf("???");
                                return;
                        }
                } else {
                        if (clen < sizeof(cbit) || clen % sizeof(v))
                                return;
                        memcpy(&cbit, cp, sizeof(cbit));
                        if (sizeof(cbit) + ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v) >
                            clen)
                                return;
                        cp += sizeof(cbit);
                        clen = ntohs(cbit.words) * sizeof(v);
                        if (cur + clen * 8 + (u_long)ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32 >
                            MAXQTYPES)
                                return;
                }

                for (off = 0; off < clen; off += sizeof(v)) {
                        memcpy(&v, cp + off, sizeof(v));
                        v = (u_int32_t)ntohl(v);
                        b = pr_bitrange(v, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);
                }
                /* flush the remaining bits */
                b = pr_bitrange(0, (int)(cur + off * 8), b);

                cp += clen;
                cur += clen * 8;
                if ((ni->ni_flags & NI_SUPTYPE_FLAG_COMPRESS) != 0)
                        cur += ntohs(cbit.skip) * 32;
        }
}

static void
pr_nodeaddr(struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni, int nilen)
        /* ni->qtype must be NODEADDR */
{
        u_char *cp = (u_char *)(ni + 1);
        char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
        int withttl = 0;

        nilen -= sizeof(struct icmp6_nodeinfo);

        if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
                switch (ni->ni_code) {
                case ICMP6_NI_REFUSED:
                        (void)printf("refused");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_NI_UNKNOWN:
                        (void)printf("unknown qtype");
                        break;
                }
                if (ni->ni_flags & NI_NODEADDR_FLAG_TRUNCATE)
                        (void)printf(" truncated");
        }
        putchar('\n');
        if (nilen <= 0)
                printf("  no address\n");

        /*
         * In icmp-name-lookups 05 and later, TTL of each returned address
         * is contained in the response. We try to detect the version
         * by the length of the data, but note that the detection algorithm
         * is incomplete. We assume the latest draft by default.
         */
        if (nilen % (sizeof(u_int32_t) + sizeof(struct in6_addr)) == 0)
                withttl = 1;
        while (nilen > 0) {
                u_int32_t ttl = 0;

                if (withttl) {
                        uint32_t t;

                        memcpy(&t, cp, sizeof(t));
                        ttl = (u_int32_t)ntohl(t);
                        cp += sizeof(u_int32_t);
                        nilen -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
                }

                if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, cp, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)) ==
                    NULL)
                        strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
                printf("  %s", ntop_buf);
                if (withttl) {
                        if (ttl == 0xffffffff) {
                                /*
                                 * XXX: can this convention be applied to all
                                 * type of TTL (i.e. non-ND TTL)?
                                 */
                                printf("(TTL=infty)");
                        }
                        else
                                printf("(TTL=%u)", ttl);
                }
                putchar('\n');

                nilen -= sizeof(struct in6_addr);
                cp += sizeof(struct in6_addr);
        }
}

static int
get_hoplim(struct msghdr *mhdr)
{
        struct cmsghdr *cm;

        for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
             cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
                if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
                        return(-1);

                if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
                    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
                    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
                        int r;

                        memcpy(&r, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(r));
                        return(r);
                }
        }

        return(-1);
}

static struct in6_pktinfo *
get_rcvpktinfo(struct msghdr *mhdr)
{
        static struct in6_pktinfo pi;
        struct cmsghdr *cm;

        for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
             cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
                if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
                        return(NULL);

                if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
                    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PKTINFO &&
                    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo))) {
                        memcpy(&pi, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(pi));
                        return(&pi);
                }
        }

        return(NULL);
}

static int
get_pathmtu(struct msghdr *mhdr)
{
#ifdef IPV6_RECVPATHMTU
        struct cmsghdr *cm;
        struct ip6_mtuinfo mtuctl;

        for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
             cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
                if (cm->cmsg_len == 0)
                        return(0);

                if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
                    cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PATHMTU &&
                    cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct ip6_mtuinfo))) {
                        memcpy(&mtuctl, CMSG_DATA(cm), sizeof(mtuctl));

                        /*
                         * If the notified destination is different from
                         * the one we are pinging, just ignore the info.
                         * We check the scope ID only when both notified value
                         * and our own value have non-0 values, because we may
                         * have used the default scope zone ID for sending,
                         * in which case the scope ID value is 0.
                         */
                        if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_addr,
                                                &dst.sin6_addr) ||
                            (mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id &&
                             dst.sin6_scope_id &&
                             mtuctl.ip6m_addr.sin6_scope_id !=
                             dst.sin6_scope_id)) {
                                if ((options & F_VERBOSE) != 0) {
                                        printf("path MTU for %s is notified. "
                                               "(ignored)\n",
                                           pr_addr((struct sockaddr *)&mtuctl.ip6m_addr,
                                           sizeof(mtuctl.ip6m_addr)));
                                }
                                return(0);
                        }

                        /*
                         * Ignore an invalid MTU. XXX: can we just believe
                         * the kernel check?
                         */
                        if (mtuctl.ip6m_mtu < IPV6_MMTU)
                                return(0);

                        /* notification for our destination. return the MTU. */
                        return((int)mtuctl.ip6m_mtu);
                }
        }
#endif
        return(0);
}

/*subject type*/
static const char *niqcode[] = {
        "IPv6 address",
        "DNS label",    /*or empty*/
        "IPv4 address",
};

/*result code*/
static const char *nircode[] = {
        "Success", "Refused", "Unknown",
};


/*
 * pr_icmph --
 *      Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
 */
static void
pr_icmph(struct icmp6_hdr *icp, u_char *end)
{
        char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
        struct nd_redirect *red;
        struct icmp6_nodeinfo *ni;
        char dnsname[MAXDNAME + 1];
        const u_char *cp;
        size_t l;

        switch (icp->icmp6_type) {
        case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
                switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
                case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
                        (void)printf("No Route to Destination\n");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
                        (void)printf("Destination Administratively "
                            "Unreachable\n");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_BEYONDSCOPE:
                        (void)printf("Destination Unreachable Beyond Scope\n");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
                        (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
                        (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
                        break;
                default:
                        (void)printf("Destination Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n",
                            icp->icmp6_code);
                        break;
                }
                /* Print returned IP header information */
                pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
                break;
        case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
                (void)printf("Packet too big mtu = %d\n",
                    (int)ntohl(icp->icmp6_mtu));
                pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
                break;
        case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
                switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
                case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT:
                        (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_REASSEMBLY:
                        (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
                        break;
                default:
                        (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
                            icp->icmp6_code);
                        break;
                }
                pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
                break;
        case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
                (void)printf("Parameter problem: ");
                switch (icp->icmp6_code) {
                case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_HEADER:
                        (void)printf("Erroneous Header ");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER:
                        (void)printf("Unknown Nextheader ");
                        break;
                case ICMP6_PARAMPROB_OPTION:
                        (void)printf("Unrecognized Option ");
                        break;
                default:
                        (void)printf("Bad code(%d) ", icp->icmp6_code);
                        break;
                }
                (void)printf("pointer = 0x%02x\n",
                    (u_int32_t)ntohl(icp->icmp6_pptr));
                pr_retip((struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1), end);
                break;
        case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
                (void)printf("Echo Request");
                /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
                break;
        case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
                (void)printf("Echo Reply");
                /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
                break;
        case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
                (void)printf("Listener Query");
                break;
        case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
                (void)printf("Listener Report");
                break;
        case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REDUCTION:
                (void)printf("Listener Done");
                break;
        case ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT:
                (void)printf("Router Solicitation");
                break;
        case ND_ROUTER_ADVERT:
                (void)printf("Router Advertisement");
                break;
        case ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT:
                (void)printf("Neighbor Solicitation");
                break;
        case ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT:
                (void)printf("Neighbor Advertisement");
                break;
        case ND_REDIRECT:
                red = (struct nd_redirect *)icp;
                (void)printf("Redirect\n");
                if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_dst, ntop_buf,
                    sizeof(ntop_buf)))
                        strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
                (void)printf("Destination: %s", ntop_buf);
                if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &red->nd_rd_target, ntop_buf,
                    sizeof(ntop_buf)))
                        strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
                (void)printf(" New Target: %s", ntop_buf);
                break;
        case ICMP6_NI_QUERY:
                (void)printf("Node Information Query");
                /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
                ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
                l = end - (u_char *)(ni + 1);
                printf(", ");
                switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
                case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
                        (void)printf("NOOP");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
                        (void)printf("Supported qtypes");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
                        (void)printf("DNS name");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
                        (void)printf("nodeaddr");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
                        (void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
                        break;
                default:
                        (void)printf("unknown qtype");
                        break;
                }
                if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
                        switch (ni->ni_code) {
                        case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV6:
                                if (l == sizeof(struct in6_addr) &&
                                    inet_ntop(AF_INET6, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
                                    sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
                                        (void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
                                            niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
                                } else {
#if 1
                                        /* backward compat to -W */
                                        (void)printf(", oldfqdn");
#else
                                        (void)printf(", invalid");
#endif
                                }
                                break;
                        case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_FQDN:
                                if (end == (u_char *)(ni + 1)) {
                                        (void)printf(", no subject");
                                        break;
                                }
                                printf(", subject=%s", niqcode[ni->ni_code]);
                                cp = (const u_char *)(ni + 1);
                                cp = dnsdecode(cp, end, NULL, dnsname,
                                    sizeof(dnsname));
                                if (cp != NULL)
                                        printf("(%s)", dnsname);
                                else
                                        printf("(invalid)");
                                break;
                        case ICMP6_NI_SUBJ_IPV4:
                                if (l == sizeof(struct in_addr) &&
                                    inet_ntop(AF_INET, ni + 1, ntop_buf,
                                    sizeof(ntop_buf)) != NULL) {
                                        (void)printf(", subject=%s(%s)",
                                            niqcode[ni->ni_code], ntop_buf);
                                } else
                                        (void)printf(", invalid");
                                break;
                        default:
                                (void)printf(", invalid");
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
        case ICMP6_NI_REPLY:
                (void)printf("Node Information Reply");
                /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
                ni = (struct icmp6_nodeinfo *)icp;
                printf(", ");
                switch (ntohs(ni->ni_qtype)) {
                case NI_QTYPE_NOOP:
                        (void)printf("NOOP");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_SUPTYPES:
                        (void)printf("Supported qtypes");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_FQDN:
                        (void)printf("DNS name");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_NODEADDR:
                        (void)printf("nodeaddr");
                        break;
                case NI_QTYPE_IPV4ADDR:
                        (void)printf("IPv4 nodeaddr");
                        break;
                default:
                        (void)printf("unknown qtype");
                        break;
                }
                if (options & F_VERBOSE) {
                        if (ni->ni_code > nitems(nircode))
                                printf(", invalid");
                        else
                                printf(", %s", nircode[ni->ni_code]);
                }
                break;
        default:
                (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp6_type);
        }
}

/*
 * pr_iph --
 *      Print an IP6 header.
 */
static void
pr_iph(struct ip6_hdr *ip6)
{
        u_int32_t flow = ip6->ip6_flow & IPV6_FLOWLABEL_MASK;
        u_int8_t tc;
        char ntop_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];

        tc = *(&ip6->ip6_vfc + 1); /* XXX */
        tc = (tc >> 4) & 0x0f;
        tc |= (ip6->ip6_vfc << 4);

        printf("Vr TC  Flow Plen Nxt Hlim\n");
        printf(" %1x %02x %05x %04x  %02x   %02x\n",
            (ip6->ip6_vfc & IPV6_VERSION_MASK) >> 4, tc, (u_int32_t)ntohl(flow),
            ntohs(ip6->ip6_plen), ip6->ip6_nxt, ip6->ip6_hlim);
        if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_src, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
                strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
        printf("%s->", ntop_buf);
        if (!inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ip6->ip6_dst, ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)))
                strlcpy(ntop_buf, "?", sizeof(ntop_buf));
        printf("%s\n", ntop_buf);
}

/*
 * pr_addr --
 *      Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
 * a hostname.
 */
static const char *
pr_addr(struct sockaddr *addr, int addrlen)
{
        static char buf[NI_MAXHOST];
        int flag = 0;

        if (!(options & F_HOSTNAME))
                flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;

#ifdef __HAIKU__
#define cap_getnameinfo(p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8) getnameinfo(p2,p3,p4,p5,p6,p7,p8)
#endif
        if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, addr, addrlen, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL, 0,
                flag) == 0)
                return (buf);
        else
                return "?";
}

/*
 * pr_retip --
 *      Dump some info on a returned (via ICMPv6) IPv6 packet.
 */
static void
pr_retip(struct ip6_hdr *ip6, u_char *end)
{
        u_char *cp = (u_char *)ip6, nh;
        int hlen;

        if ((size_t)(end - (u_char *)ip6) < sizeof(*ip6)) {
                printf("IP6");
                goto trunc;
        }
        pr_iph(ip6);
        hlen = sizeof(*ip6);

        nh = ip6->ip6_nxt;
        cp += hlen;
        while (end - cp >= 8) {
#ifdef IPSEC
                struct ah ah;
#endif

                switch (nh) {
                case IPPROTO_HOPOPTS:
                        printf("HBH ");
                        hlen = (((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_len+1) << 3;
                        nh = ((struct ip6_hbh *)cp)->ip6h_nxt;
                        break;
                case IPPROTO_DSTOPTS:
                        printf("DSTOPT ");
                        hlen = (((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_len+1) << 3;
                        nh = ((struct ip6_dest *)cp)->ip6d_nxt;
                        break;
                case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:
                        printf("FRAG ");
                        hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_frag);
                        nh = ((struct ip6_frag *)cp)->ip6f_nxt;
                        break;
                case IPPROTO_ROUTING:
                        printf("RTHDR ");
                        hlen = (((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_len+1) << 3;
                        nh = ((struct ip6_rthdr *)cp)->ip6r_nxt;
                        break;
#ifdef IPSEC
                case IPPROTO_AH:
                        printf("AH ");
                        memcpy(&ah, cp, sizeof(ah));
                        hlen = (ah.ah_len+2) << 2;
                        nh = ah.ah_nxt;
                        break;
#endif
                case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
                        printf("ICMP6: type = %d, code = %d\n",
                            *cp, *(cp + 1));
                        return;
                case IPPROTO_ESP:
                        printf("ESP\n");
                        return;
                case IPPROTO_TCP:
                        printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
                            (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
                            (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
                        return;
                case IPPROTO_UDP:
                        printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
                            (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)),
                            (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
                        return;
                default:
                        printf("Unknown Header(%d)\n", nh);
                        return;
                }

                if ((cp += hlen) >= end)
                        goto trunc;
        }
        if (end - cp < 8)
                goto trunc;

        putchar('\n');
        return;

  trunc:
        printf("...\n");
        return;
}

static void
fill(char *bp, char *patp)
{
        int ii, jj, kk;
        int pat[16];
        char *cp;

        for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
                if (!isxdigit(*cp))
                        errx(1, "patterns must be specified as hex digits");
        ii = sscanf(patp,
            "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
            &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
            &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
            &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);

/* xxx */
        if (ii > 0)
                for (kk = 0;
                    (size_t)kk <= MAXDATALEN - 8 + sizeof(struct tv32) + ii;
                    kk += ii)
                        for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
                                bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
        if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
                (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
                for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
                        (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
                (void)printf("\n");
        }
}

#ifdef IPSEC
#ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC
static int
setpolicy(int so __unused, char *policy)
{
        char *buf;

        if (policy == NULL)
                return 0;       /* ignore */

        buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
        if (buf == NULL)
                errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
        if (setsockopt(ssend, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY, buf,
            ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0)
                warnx("Unable to set IPsec policy");
        free(buf);

        return 0;
}
#endif
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
static char *
nigroup(char *name, int nig_oldmcprefix)
{
        char *p;
        char *q;
        MD5_CTX ctxt;
        u_int8_t digest[16];
        u_int8_t c;
        size_t l;
        char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
        struct in6_addr in6;
        int valid;

        p = strchr(name, '.');
        if (!p)
                p = name + strlen(name);
        l = p - name;
        if (l > 63 || l > sizeof(hbuf) - 1)
                return NULL;    /*label too long*/
        strncpy(hbuf, name, l);
        hbuf[(int)l] = '\0';

        for (q = name; *q; q++) {
                if (isupper(*(unsigned char *)q))
                        *q = tolower(*(unsigned char *)q);
        }

        /* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
        memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
        MD5Init(&ctxt);
        c = l & 0xff;
        MD5Update(&ctxt, &c, sizeof(c));
        MD5Update(&ctxt, (unsigned char *)name, l);
        MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);

        if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
                /* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
                valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:0000:0000", &in6);
        } else {
                /* RFC 4620 */
                valid = inet_pton(AF_INET6, "ff02::2:ff00:0000", &in6);
        }
        if (valid != 1)
                return NULL;    /*XXX*/

        if (nig_oldmcprefix) {
                /* draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup */
                bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[12], 4);
        } else {
                /* RFC 4620 */
                bcopy(digest, &in6.s6_addr[13], 3);
        }

        if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) == NULL)
                return NULL;

        return strdup(hbuf);
}
#endif

#ifndef __HAIKU__
static cap_channel_t *
capdns_setup(void)
{
        cap_channel_t *capcas, *capdnsloc;
#ifdef WITH_CASPER
        const char *types[2];
        int families[1];
#endif
        capcas = cap_init();
        if (capcas == NULL)
                err(1, "unable to create casper process");
        capdnsloc = cap_service_open(capcas, "system.dns");
        /* Casper capability no longer needed. */
        cap_close(capcas);
        if (capdnsloc == NULL)
                err(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
#ifdef WITH_CASPER
        types[0] = "NAME2ADDR";
        types[1] = "ADDR2NAME";
        if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdnsloc, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
                err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
        families[0] = AF_INET6;
        if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdnsloc, families, nitems(families)) < 0)
                err(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
#endif
        return (capdnsloc);
}
#endif