/*
 * top - a top users display for Unix
 *
 * DESCRIPTION:
 * Originally written for BSD4.4 system by Christos Zoulas.
 * Ported to FreeBSD 2.x by Steven Wallace && Wolfram Schneider
 * Order support hacked in from top-3.5beta6/machine/m_aix41.c
 *   by Monte Mitzelfelt (for latest top see http://www.groupsys.com/topinfo/)
 *
 * AUTHOR:  Christos Zoulas <christos@ee.cornell.edu>
 *          Steven Wallace  <swallace@FreeBSD.org>
 *          Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org>
 *          Thomas Moestl <tmoestl@gmx.net>
 *          Eitan Adler <eadler@FreeBSD.org>
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/cpuset.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/priority.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/sbuf.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/user.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <vis.h>

#include "top.h"
#include "display.h"
#include "machine.h"
#include "loadavg.h"
#include "screen.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "layout.h"

#define GETSYSCTL(name, var) getsysctl(name, &(var), sizeof(var))

extern struct timeval timeout;
static int smpmode;
enum displaymodes displaymode;
static const int namelength = 10;
/* TOP_JID_LEN based on max of 999999 */
#define TOP_JID_LEN 6
#define TOP_SWAP_LEN 5

/* get_process_info passes back a handle.  This is what it looks like: */

struct handle {
        struct kinfo_proc **next_proc;  /* points to next valid proc pointer */
        int remaining;                  /* number of pointers remaining */
};


/* define what weighted cpu is.  */
#define weighted_cpu(pct, pp) ((pp)->ki_swtime == 0 ? 0.0 : \
                         ((pct) / (1.0 - exp((pp)->ki_swtime * logcpu))))

/* what we consider to be process size: */
#define PROCSIZE(pp) ((pp)->ki_size / 1024)

#define RU(pp)  (&(pp)->ki_rusage)

#define PCTCPU(pp) (pcpu[pp - pbase])

/* process state names for the "STATE" column of the display */
/* the extra nulls in the string "run" are for adding a slash and
   the processor number when needed */

static const char *state_abbrev[] = {
        "", "START", "RUN\0\0\0", "SLEEP", "STOP", "ZOMB", "WAIT", "LOCK"
};


static kvm_t *kd;

/* values that we stash away in _init and use in later routines */

static double logcpu;

/* these are retrieved from the kernel in _init */

static load_avg  ccpu;

/* these are used in the get_ functions */

static int lastpid;

/* these are for calculating cpu state percentages */

static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
static long cp_old[CPUSTATES];
static long cp_diff[CPUSTATES];

/* these are for detailing the process states */

static const char *procstatenames[] = {
        "", " starting, ", " running, ", " sleeping, ", " stopped, ",
        " zombie, ", " waiting, ", " lock, ",
        NULL
};
static int process_states[nitems(procstatenames)];

/* these are for detailing the cpu states */

static int cpu_states[CPUSTATES];
static const char *cpustatenames[] = {
        "user", "nice", "system", "interrupt", "idle", NULL
};

/* these are for detailing the memory statistics */

static const char *memorynames[] = {
        "K Active, ", "K Inact, ", "K Laundry, ", "K Wired, ", "K Buf, ",
        "K Free", NULL
};
static int memory_stats[nitems(memorynames)];

static const char *arcnames[] = {
        "K Total, ", "K MFU, ", "K MRU, ", "K Anon, ", "K Header, ", "K Other",
        NULL
};
static int arc_stats[nitems(arcnames)];

static const char *carcnames[] = {
        "K Compressed, ", "K Uncompressed, ", ":1 Ratio, ",
        NULL
};
static int carc_stats[nitems(carcnames)];

static const char *swapnames[] = {
        "K Total, ", "K Used, ", "K Free, ", "% Inuse, ", "K In, ", "K Out",
        NULL
};
static int swap_stats[nitems(swapnames)];

static int has_swap;

/* these are for keeping track of the proc array */

static int nproc;
static int onproc = -1;
static int pref_len;
static struct kinfo_proc *pbase;
static struct kinfo_proc **pref;
static struct kinfo_proc *previous_procs;
static struct kinfo_proc **previous_pref;
static int previous_proc_count = 0;
static int previous_proc_count_max = 0;
static int previous_thread;

/* data used for recalculating pctcpu */
static double *pcpu;
static struct timespec proc_uptime;
static struct timeval proc_wall_time;
static struct timeval previous_wall_time;
static uint64_t previous_interval = 0;

/* total number of io operations */
static long total_inblock;
static long total_oublock;
static long total_majflt;

/* these are for getting the memory statistics */

static int arc_enabled;
static int carc_enabled;
static int pageshift;           /* log base 2 of the pagesize */

/* define pagetok in terms of pageshift */

#define pagetok(size) ((size) << pageshift)

/* swap usage */
#define ki_swap(kip) \
    ((kip)->ki_swrss > (kip)->ki_rssize ? (kip)->ki_swrss - (kip)->ki_rssize : 0)

/* Per-cpu time states */
static int maxcpu;
static int maxid;
static int ncpus;
static cpuset_t cpumask;
static long *times;
static long *pcpu_cp_time;
static long *pcpu_cp_old;
static long *pcpu_cp_diff;
static int *pcpu_cpu_states;

/* Battery units and states */
static int battery_units;
static int battery_life;

static int compare_cpu(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_size(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_res(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_time(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_prio(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_threads(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_iototal(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_ioread(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_iowrite(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_iofault(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_vcsw(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_ivcsw(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_swap(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_jid(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_pid(const void *a, const void *b);
static int compare_tid(const void *a, const void *b);
static const char *format_nice(const struct kinfo_proc *pp);
static void getsysctl(const char *name, void *ptr, size_t len);
static int swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree);
static void update_layout(void);
static int find_uid(uid_t needle, int *haystack);
static int cmd_matches(struct kinfo_proc *, const char *);

/*
 * Sorting orders.  The first element is the default.
 */

typedef int (compare_fn)(const void *arg1, const void *arg2);
static const struct sort_info {
        const char      *si_name;
        compare_fn      *si_compare;
} sortdata[] = {
        {
                .si_name = "cpu",
                .si_compare = &compare_cpu,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "size",
                .si_compare = &compare_size,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "res",
                .si_compare = &compare_res,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "time",
                .si_compare = &compare_time,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "pri",
                .si_compare = &compare_prio,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "threads",
                .si_compare = &compare_threads,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "total",
                .si_compare = &compare_iototal,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "read",
                .si_compare = &compare_ioread,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "write",
                .si_compare = &compare_iowrite,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "fault",
                .si_compare = &compare_iofault,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "vcsw",
                .si_compare = &compare_vcsw,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "ivcsw",
                .si_compare = &compare_ivcsw,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "jid",
                .si_compare = &compare_jid,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "swap",
                .si_compare = &compare_swap,
        },
        {
                .si_name = "pid",
                .si_compare = &compare_pid,
        },
};

static int
find_uid(uid_t needle, int *haystack)
{
        size_t i = 0;

        for (; i < TOP_MAX_UIDS; ++i)
                if ((uid_t)haystack[i] == needle)
                        return 1;
        return (0);
}

void
toggle_pcpustats(void)
{

        if (ncpus == 1)
                return;
        update_layout();
}

/* Adjust display based on ncpus and the ARC state. */
static void
update_layout(void)
{

        y_mem = 3;
        y_arc = 4;
        y_carc = 5;
        y_swap = 3 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
        y_idlecursor = 4 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
        y_message = 4 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
        y_header = 5 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
        y_procs = 6 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;
        Header_lines = 6 + arc_enabled + carc_enabled + has_swap;

        if (pcpu_stats) {
                y_mem += ncpus - 1;
                y_arc += ncpus - 1;
                y_carc += ncpus - 1;
                y_swap += ncpus - 1;
                y_idlecursor += ncpus - 1;
                y_message += ncpus - 1;
                y_header += ncpus - 1;
                y_procs += ncpus - 1;
                Header_lines += ncpus - 1;
        }
}

int
machine_init(struct statics *statics)
{
        int i, j, empty, pagesize;
        uint64_t arc_size;
        int carc_en, nswapdev;
        size_t size;

        size = sizeof(smpmode);
        if (sysctlbyname("kern.smp.active", &smpmode, &size, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
            size != sizeof(smpmode))
                smpmode = 0;

        size = sizeof(arc_size);
        if (sysctlbyname("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.size", &arc_size, &size,
            NULL, 0) == 0 && arc_size != 0)
                arc_enabled = 1;
        size = sizeof(carc_en);
        if (arc_enabled &&
            sysctlbyname("vfs.zfs.compressed_arc_enabled", &carc_en, &size,
            NULL, 0) == 0 && carc_en == 1) {
                uint64_t uncomp_sz;

                /*
                 * Don't report compression stats if no data is in the ARC.
                 * Otherwise, we end up printing a blank line.
                 */
                size = sizeof(uncomp_sz);
                if (sysctlbyname("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.uncompressed_size",
                    &uncomp_sz, &size, NULL, 0) == 0 && uncomp_sz != 0)
                        carc_enabled = 1;
        }

        kd = kvm_open(NULL, _PATH_DEVNULL, NULL, O_RDONLY, "kvm_open");
        if (kd == NULL)
                return (-1);

        size = sizeof(nswapdev);
        if (sysctlbyname("vm.nswapdev", &nswapdev, &size, NULL, 0) == 0 &&
            nswapdev != 0)
                has_swap = 1;

        GETSYSCTL("kern.ccpu", ccpu);

        /* this is used in calculating WCPU -- calculate it ahead of time */
        logcpu = log(loaddouble(ccpu));

        pbase = NULL;
        pref = NULL;
        pcpu = NULL;
        nproc = 0;
        onproc = -1;

        /* get the page size and calculate pageshift from it */
        pagesize = getpagesize();
        pageshift = 0;
        while (pagesize > 1) {
                pageshift++;
                pagesize >>= 1;
        }

        /* we only need the amount of log(2)1024 for our conversion */
        pageshift -= LOG1024;

        /* fill in the statics information */
        statics->procstate_names = procstatenames;
        statics->cpustate_names = cpustatenames;
        statics->memory_names = memorynames;
        if (arc_enabled)
                statics->arc_names = arcnames;
        else
                statics->arc_names = NULL;
        if (carc_enabled)
                statics->carc_names = carcnames;
        else
                statics->carc_names = NULL;
        if (has_swap)
                statics->swap_names = swapnames;
        else
                statics->swap_names = NULL;

        /* Allocate state for per-CPU stats. */
        GETSYSCTL("kern.smp.maxcpus", maxcpu);
        times = calloc(maxcpu * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
        if (times == NULL)
                err(1, "calloc for kern.smp.maxcpus");
        size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
        if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
                err(1, "sysctlbyname kern.cp_times");
        pcpu_cp_time = calloc(1, size);
        maxid = MIN(size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long) - 1, CPU_SETSIZE - 1);
        CPU_ZERO(&cpumask);
        for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
                empty = 1;
                for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
                        if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
                                empty = 0;
                }
                if (!empty)
                        CPU_SET(i, &cpumask);
        }
        ncpus = CPU_COUNT(&cpumask);
        assert(ncpus > 0);
        pcpu_cp_old = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
        pcpu_cp_diff = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(long));
        pcpu_cpu_states = calloc(ncpus * CPUSTATES, sizeof(int));
        statics->ncpus = ncpus;

        /* Allocate state of battery units reported via ACPI. */
        battery_units = 0;
        size = sizeof(int);
        sysctlbyname("hw.acpi.battery.units", &battery_units, &size, NULL, 0);
        statics->nbatteries = battery_units;

        update_layout();

        /* all done! */
        return (0);
}

char *
format_header(const char *uname_field)
{
        static struct sbuf* header = NULL;

        /* clean up from last time. */
        if (header != NULL) {
                sbuf_clear(header);
        } else {
                header = sbuf_new_auto();
        }

        switch (displaymode) {
        case DISP_CPU: {
                sbuf_printf(header, "  %s", ps.thread_id ? " THR" : "PID");
                sbuf_printf(header, "%*s", ps.jail ? TOP_JID_LEN : 0,
                                                                        ps.jail ? " JID" : "");
                sbuf_printf(header, " %-*.*s  ", namelength, namelength, uname_field);
                if (!ps.thread) {
                        sbuf_cat(header, "THR ");
                }
                sbuf_cat(header, "PRI NICE   SIZE    RES ");
                if (ps.swap) {
                        sbuf_printf(header, "%*s ", TOP_SWAP_LEN - 1, "SWAP");
                }
                sbuf_cat(header, "STATE    ");
                if (smpmode) {
                        sbuf_cat(header, "C   ");
                }
                sbuf_cat(header, "TIME ");
                sbuf_printf(header, " %6s ", ps.wcpu ? "WCPU" : "CPU");
                sbuf_cat(header, "COMMAND");
                sbuf_finish(header);
                break;
        }
        case DISP_IO: {
                sbuf_printf(header, "  %s%*s %-*.*s",
                        ps.thread_id ? " THR" : "PID",
                    ps.jail ? TOP_JID_LEN : 0, ps.jail ? " JID" : "",
                    namelength, namelength, uname_field);
                sbuf_cat(header, "   VCSW  IVCSW   READ  WRITE  FAULT  TOTAL PERCENT COMMAND");
                sbuf_finish(header);
                break;
        }
        case DISP_MAX:
                assert("displaymode must not be set to DISP_MAX");
        }

        return sbuf_data(header);
}

static int swappgsin = -1;
static int swappgsout = -1;


void
get_system_info(struct system_info *si)
{
        struct loadavg sysload;
        int mib[2];
        struct timeval boottime;
        uint64_t arc_stat, arc_stat2;
        int i, j;
        size_t size;

        /* get the CPU stats */
        size = (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES * sizeof(long);
        if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_times", pcpu_cp_time, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
                err(1, "sysctlbyname kern.cp_times");
        GETSYSCTL("kern.cp_time", cp_time);
        GETSYSCTL("vm.loadavg", sysload);
        GETSYSCTL("kern.lastpid", lastpid);

        /* convert load averages to doubles */
        for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
                si->load_avg[i] = (double)sysload.ldavg[i] / sysload.fscale;

        /* convert cp_time counts to percentages */
        for (i = j = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
                if (!CPU_ISSET(i, &cpumask))
                        continue;
                percentages(CPUSTATES, &pcpu_cpu_states[j * CPUSTATES],
                    &pcpu_cp_time[j * CPUSTATES],
                    &pcpu_cp_old[j * CPUSTATES],
                    &pcpu_cp_diff[j * CPUSTATES]);
                j++;
        }
        percentages(CPUSTATES, cpu_states, cp_time, cp_old, cp_diff);

        /* sum memory & swap statistics */
        {
                static unsigned int swap_delay = 0;
                static int swapavail = 0;
                static int swapfree = 0;
                static long bufspace = 0;
                static uint64_t nspgsin, nspgsout;

                GETSYSCTL("vfs.bufspace", bufspace);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_active_count", memory_stats[0]);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_inactive_count", memory_stats[1]);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_laundry_count", memory_stats[2]);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_wire_count", memory_stats[3]);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_free_count", memory_stats[5]);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsin", nspgsin);
                GETSYSCTL("vm.stats.vm.v_swappgsout", nspgsout);
                /* convert memory stats to Kbytes */
                memory_stats[0] = pagetok(memory_stats[0]);
                memory_stats[1] = pagetok(memory_stats[1]);
                memory_stats[2] = pagetok(memory_stats[2]);
                memory_stats[3] = pagetok(memory_stats[3]);
                memory_stats[4] = bufspace / 1024;
                memory_stats[5] = pagetok(memory_stats[5]);
                memory_stats[6] = -1;

                /* first interval */
                if (swappgsin < 0) {
                        swap_stats[4] = 0;
                        swap_stats[5] = 0;
                }

                /* compute differences between old and new swap statistic */
                else {
                        swap_stats[4] = pagetok(((nspgsin - swappgsin)));
                        swap_stats[5] = pagetok(((nspgsout - swappgsout)));
                }

                swappgsin = nspgsin;
                swappgsout = nspgsout;

                /* call CPU heavy swapmode() only for changes */
                if (swap_stats[4] > 0 || swap_stats[5] > 0 || swap_delay == 0) {
                        swap_stats[3] = swapmode(&swapavail, &swapfree);
                        swap_stats[0] = swapavail;
                        swap_stats[1] = swapavail - swapfree;
                        swap_stats[2] = swapfree;
                }
                swap_delay = 1;
                swap_stats[6] = -1;
        }

        if (arc_enabled) {
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[0] = arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.mfu_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[1] = arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.mru_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[2] = arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.anon_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[3] = arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.hdr_size", arc_stat);
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.l2_hdr_size", arc_stat2);
                arc_stats[4] = (arc_stat + arc_stat2) >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.bonus_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[5] = arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.dnode_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[5] += arc_stat >> 10;
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.dbuf_size", arc_stat);
                arc_stats[5] += arc_stat >> 10;
                si->arc = arc_stats;
        }
        if (carc_enabled) {
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.compressed_size", arc_stat);
                carc_stats[0] = arc_stat >> 10;
                carc_stats[2] = arc_stat >> 10; /* For ratio */
                GETSYSCTL("kstat.zfs.misc.arcstats.uncompressed_size", arc_stat);
                carc_stats[1] = arc_stat >> 10;
                si->carc = carc_stats;
        }

        /* set arrays and strings */
        if (pcpu_stats) {
                si->cpustates = pcpu_cpu_states;
                si->ncpus = ncpus;
        } else {
                si->cpustates = cpu_states;
                si->ncpus = 1;
        }
        si->memory = memory_stats;
        si->swap = swap_stats;


        if (lastpid > 0) {
                si->last_pid = lastpid;
        } else {
                si->last_pid = -1;
        }

        /*
         * Print how long system has been up.
         * (Found by looking getting "boottime" from the kernel)
         */
        mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
        mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
        size = sizeof(boottime);
        if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), &boottime, &size, NULL, 0) != -1 &&
            boottime.tv_sec != 0) {
                si->boottime = boottime;
        } else {
                si->boottime.tv_sec = -1;
        }

        battery_life = 0;
        if (battery_units > 0) {
                GETSYSCTL("hw.acpi.battery.life", battery_life);
        }
        si->battery = battery_life;
}

#define NOPROC  ((void *)-1)

/*
 * We need to compare data from the old process entry with the new
 * process entry.
 * To facilitate doing this quickly we stash a pointer in the kinfo_proc
 * structure to cache the mapping.  We also use a negative cache pointer
 * of NOPROC to avoid duplicate lookups.
 * XXX: this could be done when the actual processes are fetched, we do
 * it here out of laziness.
 */
static const struct kinfo_proc *
get_old_proc(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc * const *oldpp, *oldp;

        /*
         * If this is the first fetch of the kinfo_procs then we don't have
         * any previous entries.
         */
        if (previous_proc_count == 0)
                return (NULL);
        /* negative cache? */
        if (pp->ki_udata == NOPROC)
                return (NULL);
        /* cached? */
        if (pp->ki_udata != NULL)
                return (pp->ki_udata);
        /*
         * Not cached,
         * 1) look up based on pid.
         * 2) compare process start.
         * If we fail here, then setup a negative cache entry, otherwise
         * cache it.
         */
        oldpp = bsearch(&pp, previous_pref, previous_proc_count,
            sizeof(*previous_pref), ps.thread ? compare_tid : compare_pid);
        if (oldpp == NULL) {
                pp->ki_udata = NOPROC;
                return (NULL);
        }
        oldp = *oldpp;
        if (memcmp(&oldp->ki_start, &pp->ki_start, sizeof(pp->ki_start)) != 0) {
                pp->ki_udata = NOPROC;
                return (NULL);
        }
        pp->ki_udata = __DECONST(void *, oldp);
        return (oldp);
}

/*
 * Return the total amount of IO done in blocks in/out and faults.
 * store the values individually in the pointers passed in.
 */
static long
get_io_stats(const struct kinfo_proc *pp, long *inp, long *oup, long *flp,
    long *vcsw, long *ivcsw)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
        static struct kinfo_proc dummy;
        long ret;

        oldp = get_old_proc(__DECONST(struct kinfo_proc *, pp));
        if (oldp == NULL) {
                memset(&dummy, 0, sizeof(dummy));
                oldp = &dummy;
        }
        *inp = RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
        *oup = RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
        *flp = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
        *vcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw;
        *ivcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw;
        ret =
            (RU(pp)->ru_inblock - RU(oldp)->ru_inblock) +
            (RU(pp)->ru_oublock - RU(oldp)->ru_oublock) +
            (RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt);
        return (ret);
}

/*
 * If there was a previous update, use the delta in ki_runtime over
 * the previous interval to calculate pctcpu.  Otherwise, fall back
 * to using the kernel's ki_pctcpu.
 */
static double
proc_calc_pctcpu(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;

        if (previous_interval != 0) {
                oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
                if (oldp != NULL)
                        return ((double)(pp->ki_runtime - oldp->ki_runtime)
                            / previous_interval);

                /*
                 * If this process/thread was created during the previous
                 * interval, charge it's total runtime to the previous
                 * interval.
                 */
                else if (pp->ki_start.tv_sec > previous_wall_time.tv_sec ||
                    (pp->ki_start.tv_sec == previous_wall_time.tv_sec &&
                    pp->ki_start.tv_usec >= previous_wall_time.tv_usec))
                        return ((double)pp->ki_runtime / previous_interval);
        }
        return (pctdouble(pp->ki_pctcpu));
}

/*
 * Return true if this process has used any CPU time since the
 * previous update.
 */
static int
proc_used_cpu(struct kinfo_proc *pp)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;

        oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
        if (oldp == NULL)
                return (PCTCPU(pp) != 0);
        return (pp->ki_runtime != oldp->ki_runtime ||
            RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw != RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw ||
            RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw != RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw);
}

/*
 * Return the total number of block in/out and faults by a process.
 */
static long
get_io_total(const struct kinfo_proc *pp)
{
        long dummy;

        return (get_io_stats(pp, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy));
}

static struct handle handle;

void *
get_process_info(struct system_info *si, struct process_select *sel,
    const struct sort_info *sort_info)
{
        int i;
        int total_procs;
        long p_io;
        long p_inblock, p_oublock, p_majflt, p_vcsw, p_ivcsw;
        long nsec;
        int active_procs;
        struct kinfo_proc **prefp;
        struct kinfo_proc *pp;
        struct timespec previous_proc_uptime;
        compare_fn *compare;

        compare = sort_info->si_compare;

        /*
         * If thread state was toggled, don't cache the previous processes.
         */
        if (previous_thread != sel->thread)
                nproc = 0;
        previous_thread = sel->thread;

        /*
         * Save the previous process info.
         */
        if (previous_proc_count_max < nproc) {
                free(previous_procs);
                previous_procs = calloc(nproc, sizeof(*previous_procs));
                free(previous_pref);
                previous_pref = calloc(nproc, sizeof(*previous_pref));
                if (previous_procs == NULL || previous_pref == NULL) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
                        quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
                }
                previous_proc_count_max = nproc;
        }
        if (nproc) {
                for (i = 0; i < nproc; i++)
                        previous_pref[i] = &previous_procs[i];
                memcpy(previous_procs, pbase, nproc * sizeof(*previous_procs));
                qsort(previous_pref, nproc, sizeof(*previous_pref),
                    ps.thread ? compare_tid : compare_pid);
        }
        previous_proc_count = nproc;
        previous_proc_uptime = proc_uptime;
        previous_wall_time = proc_wall_time;
        previous_interval = 0;

        pbase = kvm_getprocs(kd, sel->thread ? KERN_PROC_ALL : KERN_PROC_PROC,
            0, &nproc);
        gettimeofday(&proc_wall_time, NULL);
        if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &proc_uptime) != 0)
                memset(&proc_uptime, 0, sizeof(proc_uptime));
        else if (previous_proc_uptime.tv_sec != 0 &&
            previous_proc_uptime.tv_nsec != 0) {
                previous_interval = (proc_uptime.tv_sec -
                    previous_proc_uptime.tv_sec) * 1000000;
                nsec = proc_uptime.tv_nsec - previous_proc_uptime.tv_nsec;
                if (nsec < 0) {
                        previous_interval -= 1000000;
                        nsec += 1000000000;
                }
                previous_interval += nsec / 1000;
        }
        if (nproc > onproc) {
                pref = realloc(pref, sizeof(*pref) * nproc);
                pcpu = realloc(pcpu, sizeof(*pcpu) * nproc);
                onproc = nproc;
        }
        if (pref == NULL || pbase == NULL || pcpu == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "top: Out of memory.\n");
                quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
        }
        /* get a pointer to the states summary array */
        si->procstates = process_states;

        /* count up process states and get pointers to interesting procs */
        total_procs = 0;
        active_procs = 0;
        total_inblock = 0;
        total_oublock = 0;
        total_majflt = 0;
        memset(process_states, 0, sizeof(process_states));
        prefp = pref;
        for (pp = pbase, i = 0; i < nproc; pp++, i++) {

                if (pp->ki_stat == 0)
                        /* not in use */
                        continue;

                if (!sel->self && pp->ki_pid == mypid && sel->pid == -1)
                        /* skip self */
                        continue;

                if (!sel->system && (pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM) && sel->pid == -1)
                        /* skip system process */
                        continue;

                p_io = get_io_stats(pp, &p_inblock, &p_oublock, &p_majflt,
                    &p_vcsw, &p_ivcsw);
                total_inblock += p_inblock;
                total_oublock += p_oublock;
                total_majflt += p_majflt;
                total_procs++;
                process_states[(unsigned char)pp->ki_stat]++;

                if (pp->ki_stat == SZOMB)
                        /* skip zombies */
                        continue;

                if (!sel->kidle && pp->ki_tdflags & TDF_IDLETD && sel->pid == -1)
                        /* skip kernel idle process */
                        continue;

                PCTCPU(pp) = proc_calc_pctcpu(pp);
                if (sel->thread && PCTCPU(pp) > 1.0)
                        PCTCPU(pp) = 1.0;
                if (displaymode == DISP_CPU && !sel->idle &&
                    (!proc_used_cpu(pp) ||
                     pp->ki_stat == SSTOP || pp->ki_stat == SIDL))
                        /* skip idle or non-running processes */
                        continue;

                if (displaymode == DISP_IO && !sel->idle && p_io == 0)
                        /* skip processes that aren't doing I/O */
                        continue;

                if (sel->jid != -1 && pp->ki_jid != sel->jid)
                        /* skip proc. that don't belong to the selected JID */
                        continue;

                if (sel->uid[0] != -1 && !find_uid(pp->ki_ruid, sel->uid))
                        /* skip proc. that don't belong to the selected UID */
                        continue;

                if (sel->pid != -1 && pp->ki_pid != sel->pid)
                        continue;

                if (!cmd_matches(pp, sel->command))
                        /* skip proc. that doesn't match grep string */
                        continue;

                *prefp++ = pp;
                active_procs++;
        }

        /* if requested, sort the "interesting" processes */
        if (compare != NULL)
                qsort(pref, active_procs, sizeof(*pref), compare);

        /* remember active and total counts */
        si->p_total = total_procs;
        si->p_pactive = pref_len = active_procs;

        /* pass back a handle */
        handle.next_proc = pref;
        handle.remaining = active_procs;
        return (&handle);
}

/*
 * Returns the sort info associated with the specified order.  Currently, that's
 * really only the comparator that we'll later use.  Specifying a NULL ordername
 * will return the default comparator.
 */
const struct sort_info *
get_sort_info(const char *ordername)
{
        const struct sort_info *info;
        size_t idx;

        if (ordername == NULL)
                return (&sortdata[0]);

        for (idx = 0; idx < nitems(sortdata); idx++) {
                info = &sortdata[idx];

                if (strcmp(info->si_name, ordername) == 0)
                        return (info);
        }

        return (NULL);
}

void
dump_sort_names(FILE *fp)
{
        const struct sort_info *info;
        size_t idx;

        for (idx = 0; idx < nitems(sortdata); idx++) {
                info = &sortdata[idx];

                fprintf(fp, " %s", info->si_name);
        }
}

static int
cmd_matches(struct kinfo_proc *proc, const char *term)
{
        char **args = NULL;

        if (!term) {
                /* No command filter set */
                return 1;
        } else {
                /* Filter set, does process name contain term? */
                if (strstr(proc->ki_comm, term))
                        return 1;
                /* Search arguments only if arguments are displayed */
                if (show_args) {
                        args = kvm_getargv(kd, proc, 1024);
                        if (args == NULL) {
                                /* Failed to get arguments so can't search them */
                                return 0;
                        }
                        while (*args != NULL) {
                                if (strstr(*args, term))
                                        return 1;
                                args++;
                        }
                }
        }
        return 0;
}

char *
format_next_process(struct handle * xhandle, char *(*get_userid)(int), int flags)
{
        struct kinfo_proc *pp;
        const struct kinfo_proc *oldp;
        long cputime;
        char status[22];
        size_t state;
        struct rusage ru, *rup;
        long p_tot, s_tot;
        char *cmdbuf = NULL;
        char **args;
        static struct sbuf* procbuf = NULL;

        /* clean up from last time. */
        if (procbuf != NULL) {
                sbuf_clear(procbuf);
        } else {
                procbuf = sbuf_new_auto();
        }


        /* find and remember the next proc structure */
        pp = *(xhandle->next_proc++);
        xhandle->remaining--;

        /* get the process's command name */
        if ((pp->ki_flag & P_INMEM) == 0) {
                /*
                 * Print swapped processes as <pname>
                 */
                size_t len;

                len = strlen(pp->ki_comm);
                if (len > sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3)
                        len = sizeof(pp->ki_comm) - 3;
                memmove(pp->ki_comm + 1, pp->ki_comm, len);
                pp->ki_comm[0] = '<';
                pp->ki_comm[len + 1] = '>';
                pp->ki_comm[len + 2] = '\0';
        }

        /*
         * Convert the process's runtime from microseconds to seconds.  This
         * time includes the interrupt time although that is not wanted here.
         * ps(1) is similarly sloppy.
         */
        cputime = (pp->ki_runtime + 500000) / 1000000;

        /* generate "STATE" field */
        switch (state = pp->ki_stat) {
        case SRUN:
                if (smpmode && pp->ki_oncpu != NOCPU)
                        sprintf(status, "CPU%d", pp->ki_oncpu);
                else
                        strcpy(status, "RUN");
                break;
        case SLOCK:
                if (pp->ki_kiflag & KI_LOCKBLOCK) {
                        sprintf(status, "*%.6s", pp->ki_lockname);
                        break;
                }
                /* fall through */
        case SSLEEP:
                sprintf(status, "%.6s", pp->ki_wmesg);
                break;
        default:

                if (state < nitems(state_abbrev)) {
                        sprintf(status, "%.6s", state_abbrev[state]);
                } else {
                        sprintf(status, "?%5zu", state);
                }
                break;
        }

        cmdbuf = calloc(screen_width + 1, 1);
        if (cmdbuf == NULL) {
                warn("calloc(%d)", screen_width + 1);
                return NULL;
        }

        if (!(flags & FMT_SHOWARGS)) {
                if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
                    pp->ki_tdname[0]) {
                        snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width, "%s{%s%s}", pp->ki_comm,
                            pp->ki_tdname, pp->ki_moretdname);
                } else {
                        snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width, "%s", pp->ki_comm);
                }
        } else {
                if (pp->ki_flag & P_SYSTEM ||
                    (args = kvm_getargv(kd, pp, screen_width)) == NULL ||
                    !(*args)) {
                        if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
                            pp->ki_tdname[0]) {
                                snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
                                    "[%s{%s%s}]", pp->ki_comm, pp->ki_tdname,
                                    pp->ki_moretdname);
                        } else {
                                snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
                                    "[%s]", pp->ki_comm);
                        }
                } else {
                        const char *src;
                        char *dst, *argbuf;
                        const char *cmd;
                        size_t argbuflen;
                        size_t len;

                        argbuflen = screen_width * 4;
                        argbuf = calloc(argbuflen + 1, 1);
                        if (argbuf == NULL) {
                                warn("calloc(%zu)", argbuflen + 1);
                                free(cmdbuf);
                                return NULL;
                        }

                        dst = argbuf;

                        /* Extract cmd name from argv */
                        cmd = basename(*args);

                        for (; (src = *args++) != NULL; ) {
                                if (*src == '\0')
                                        continue;
                                len = (argbuflen - (dst - argbuf) - 1) / 4;
                                strvisx(dst, src,
                                    MIN(strlen(src), len),
                                    VIS_NL | VIS_TAB | VIS_CSTYLE | VIS_OCTAL);
                                while (*dst != '\0')
                                        dst++;
                                if ((argbuflen - (dst - argbuf) - 1) / 4 > 0)
                                        *dst++ = ' '; /* add delimiting space */
                        }
                        if (dst != argbuf && dst[-1] == ' ')
                                dst--;
                        *dst = '\0';

                        if (strcmp(cmd, pp->ki_comm) != 0) {
                                if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
                                    pp->ki_tdname[0])
                                        snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
                                            "%s (%s){%s%s}", argbuf,
                                            pp->ki_comm, pp->ki_tdname,
                                            pp->ki_moretdname);
                                else
                                        snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
                                            "%s (%s)", argbuf, pp->ki_comm);
                        } else {
                                if (ps.thread && pp->ki_flag & P_HADTHREADS &&
                                    pp->ki_tdname[0])
                                        snprintf(cmdbuf, screen_width,
                                            "%s{%s%s}", argbuf, pp->ki_tdname,
                                            pp->ki_moretdname);
                                else
                                        strlcpy(cmdbuf, argbuf, screen_width);
                        }
                        free(argbuf);
                }
        }

        if (displaymode == DISP_IO) {
                oldp = get_old_proc(pp);
                if (oldp != NULL) {
                        ru.ru_inblock = RU(pp)->ru_inblock -
                            RU(oldp)->ru_inblock;
                        ru.ru_oublock = RU(pp)->ru_oublock -
                            RU(oldp)->ru_oublock;
                        ru.ru_majflt = RU(pp)->ru_majflt - RU(oldp)->ru_majflt;
                        ru.ru_nvcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nvcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nvcsw;
                        ru.ru_nivcsw = RU(pp)->ru_nivcsw - RU(oldp)->ru_nivcsw;
                        rup = &ru;
                } else {
                        rup = RU(pp);
                }
                p_tot = rup->ru_inblock + rup->ru_oublock + rup->ru_majflt;
                s_tot = total_inblock + total_oublock + total_majflt;

                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%5d ", (ps.thread_id) ? pp->ki_tid : pp->ki_pid);

                if (ps.jail) {
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*d ", TOP_JID_LEN - 1, pp->ki_jid);
                }
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-*.*s", namelength, namelength, (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid));
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_nvcsw);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_nivcsw);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_inblock);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_oublock);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", rup->ru_majflt);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6ld ", p_tot);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6.2f%% ", s_tot == 0 ? 0.0 : (p_tot * 100.0 / s_tot));

        } else {
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%5d ", (ps.thread_id) ? pp->ki_tid : pp->ki_pid);
                if (ps.jail) {
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*d ", TOP_JID_LEN - 1, pp->ki_jid);
                }
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-*.*s ", namelength, namelength, (*get_userid)(pp->ki_ruid));

                if (!ps.thread) {
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%4d ", pp->ki_numthreads);
                } else {
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, " ");
                }

                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%3d ", pp->ki_pri.pri_level - PUSER);
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%4s", format_nice(pp));
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%7s ", format_k(PROCSIZE(pp)));
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6s ", format_k(pagetok(pp->ki_rssize)));
                if (ps.swap) {
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%*s ",
                                TOP_SWAP_LEN - 1,
                                format_k(pagetok(ki_swap(pp))));
                }
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%-6.6s ", status);
                if (smpmode) {
                        int cpu;
                        if (state == SRUN && pp->ki_oncpu != NOCPU) {
                                cpu = pp->ki_oncpu;
                        } else {
                                cpu = pp->ki_lastcpu;
                        }
                        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%3d ", cpu);
                }
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6s ", format_time(cputime));
                sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%6.2f%% ", ps.wcpu ? 100.0 * weighted_cpu(PCTCPU(pp), pp) : 100.0 * PCTCPU(pp));
        }
        sbuf_printf(procbuf, "%s", cmdbuf);
        free(cmdbuf);
        return (sbuf_data(procbuf));
}

static void
getsysctl(const char *name, void *ptr, size_t len)
{
        size_t nlen = len;

        if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) failed: %s\n", name,
                    strerror(errno));
                quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
        }
        if (nlen != len) {
                fprintf(stderr, "top: sysctl(%s...) expected %lu, got %lu\n",
                    name, (unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
                quit(TOP_EX_SYS_ERROR);
        }
}

static const char *
format_nice(const struct kinfo_proc *pp)
{
        const char *fifo, *kproc;
        int rtpri;
        static char nicebuf[4 + 1];

        fifo = PRI_NEED_RR(pp->ki_pri.pri_class) ? "" : "F";
        kproc = (pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? "k" : "";
        switch (PRI_BASE(pp->ki_pri.pri_class)) {
        case PRI_ITHD:
                return ("-");
        case PRI_REALTIME:
                /*
                 * XXX: the kernel doesn't tell us the original rtprio and
                 * doesn't really know what it was, so to recover it we
                 * must be more chummy with the implementation than the
                 * implementation is with itself.  pri_user gives a
                 * constant "base" priority, but is only initialized
                 * properly for user threads.  pri_native gives what the
                 * kernel calls the "base" priority, but it isn't constant
                 * since it is changed by priority propagation.  pri_native
                 * also isn't properly initialized for all threads, but it
                 * is properly initialized for kernel realtime and idletime
                 * threads.  Thus we use pri_user for the base priority of
                 * user threads (it is always correct) and pri_native for
                 * the base priority of kernel realtime and idletime threads
                 * (there is nothing better, and it is usually correct).
                 *
                 * The field width and thus the buffer are too small for
                 * values like "kr31F", but such values shouldn't occur,
                 * and if they do then the tailing "F" is not displayed.
                 */
                rtpri = ((pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? pp->ki_pri.pri_native :
                    pp->ki_pri.pri_user) - PRI_MIN_REALTIME;
                snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%sr%d%s",
                    kproc, rtpri, fifo);
                break;
        case PRI_TIMESHARE:
                if (pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC)
                        return ("-");
                snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%d", pp->ki_nice - NZERO);
                break;
        case PRI_IDLE:
                /* XXX: as above. */
                rtpri = ((pp->ki_flag & P_KPROC) ? pp->ki_pri.pri_native :
                    pp->ki_pri.pri_user) - PRI_MIN_IDLE;
                snprintf(nicebuf, sizeof(nicebuf), "%si%d%s",
                    kproc, rtpri, fifo);
                break;
        default:
                return ("?");
        }
        return (nicebuf);
}

/* comparison routines for qsort */

static int
compare_pid(const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp1 = p1;
        const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp2 = p2;

        assert((*pp2)->ki_pid >= 0 && (*pp1)->ki_pid >= 0);

        return ((*pp1)->ki_pid - (*pp2)->ki_pid);
}

static int
compare_tid(const void *p1, const void *p2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp1 = p1;
        const struct kinfo_proc * const *pp2 = p2;

        assert((*pp2)->ki_tid >= 0 && (*pp1)->ki_tid >= 0);

        return ((*pp1)->ki_tid - (*pp2)->ki_tid);
}

/*
 *  proc_compare - comparison function for "qsort"
 *      Compares the resource consumption of two processes using five
 *      distinct keys.  The keys (in descending order of importance) are:
 *      percent cpu, cpu ticks, state, resident set size, total virtual
 *      memory usage.  The process states are ordered as follows (from least
 *      to most important):  run, zombie, idle, interrupt wait, stop, sleep.
 *      The array declaration below maps a process state index into a
 *      number that reflects this ordering.
 */

static const int sorted_state[] = {
        [SIDL] =        3,      /* being created        */
        [SRUN] =        1,      /* running/runnable     */
        [SSLEEP] =      6,      /* sleeping             */
        [SSTOP] =       5,      /* stopped/suspended    */
        [SZOMB] =       2,      /* zombie               */
        [SWAIT] =       4,      /* intr                 */
        [SLOCK] =       7,      /* blocked on lock      */
};


#define ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(a, b) do { \
        double diff; \
        if (ps.wcpu) \
                diff = weighted_cpu(PCTCPU((b)), (b)) - \
                    weighted_cpu(PCTCPU((a)), (a)); \
        else \
                diff = PCTCPU((b)) - PCTCPU((a)); \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(a, b) do { \
        int64_t diff = (int64_t)(b)->ki_runtime - (int64_t)(a)->ki_runtime; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_STATE(a, b) do { \
        int diff = sorted_state[(unsigned char)(b)->ki_stat] - sorted_state[(unsigned char)(a)->ki_stat]; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_PRIO(a, b) do { \
        int diff = (int)(b)->ki_pri.pri_level - (int)(a)->ki_pri.pri_level; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_THREADS(a, b) do { \
        int diff = (int)(b)->ki_numthreads - (int)(a)->ki_numthreads; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(a, b) do { \
        long diff = (long)(b)->ki_rssize - (long)(a)->ki_rssize; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_MEM(a, b) do { \
        long diff = (long)PROCSIZE((b)) - (long)PROCSIZE((a)); \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_JID(a, b) do { \
        int diff = (int)(b)->ki_jid - (int)(a)->ki_jid; \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

#define ORDERKEY_SWAP(a, b) do { \
        int diff = (int)ki_swap(b) - (int)ki_swap(a); \
        if (diff != 0) \
                return (diff > 0 ? 1 : -1); \
} while (0)

/* compare_cpu - the comparison function for sorting by cpu percentage */

static int
compare_cpu(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_size - the comparison function for sorting by total memory usage */

static int
compare_size(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_res - the comparison function for sorting by resident set size */

static int
compare_res(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_time - the comparison function for sorting by total cpu time */

static int
compare_time(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const  *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *) arg2;

        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_prio - the comparison function for sorting by priority */

static int
compare_prio(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_threads - the comparison function for sorting by threads */
static int
compare_threads(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_THREADS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_jid - the comparison function for sorting by jid */
static int
compare_jid(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_JID(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* compare_swap - the comparison function for sorting by swap */
static int
compare_swap(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        ORDERKEY_SWAP(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PCTCPU(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_CPTICKS(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_STATE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_PRIO(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_RSSIZE(p1, p2);
        ORDERKEY_MEM(p1, p2);

        return (0);
}

/* assorted comparison functions for sorting by i/o */

static int
compare_iototal(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc * const p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc * const p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;

        return (get_io_total(p2) - get_io_total(p1));
}

static int
compare_ioread(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
        long dummy, inp1, inp2;

        (void) get_io_stats(p1, &inp1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
        (void) get_io_stats(p2, &inp2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);

        return (inp2 - inp1);
}

static int
compare_iowrite(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
        long dummy, oup1, oup2;

        (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &oup1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);
        (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &oup2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy);

        return (oup2 - oup1);
}

static int
compare_iofault(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
        long dummy, flp1, flp2;

        (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1, &dummy, &dummy);
        (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2, &dummy, &dummy);

        return (flp2 - flp1);
}

static int
compare_vcsw(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
        long dummy, flp1, flp2;

        (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1, &dummy);
        (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2, &dummy);

        return (flp2 - flp1);
}

static int
compare_ivcsw(const void *arg1, const void *arg2)
{
        const struct kinfo_proc *p1 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg1;
        const struct kinfo_proc *p2 = *(const struct kinfo_proc * const *)arg2;
        long dummy, flp1, flp2;

        (void) get_io_stats(p1, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp1);
        (void) get_io_stats(p2, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &dummy, &flp2);

        return (flp2 - flp1);
}

static int
swapmode(int *retavail, int *retfree)
{
        int n;
        struct kvm_swap swapary[1];
        static int pagesize = 0;
        static unsigned long swap_maxpages = 0;

        *retavail = 0;
        *retfree = 0;

#define CONVERT(v)      ((quad_t)(v) * pagesize / 1024)

        n = kvm_getswapinfo(kd, swapary, 1, 0);
        if (n < 0 || swapary[0].ksw_total == 0)
                return (0);

        if (pagesize == 0)
                pagesize = getpagesize();
        if (swap_maxpages == 0)
                GETSYSCTL("vm.swap_maxpages", swap_maxpages);

        /* ksw_total contains the total size of swap all devices which may
           exceed the maximum swap size allocatable in the system */
        if ( swapary[0].ksw_total > swap_maxpages )
                swapary[0].ksw_total = swap_maxpages;

        *retavail = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total);
        *retfree = CONVERT(swapary[0].ksw_total - swapary[0].ksw_used);

#undef CONVERT

        n = (int)(swapary[0].ksw_used * 100.0 / swapary[0].ksw_total);
        return (n);
}