/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1988, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * @(#)route.c  8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95
 * $FreeBSD: src/usr.bin/netstat/route.c,v 1.41.2.14 2002/07/17 02:22:22 kbyanc Exp $
 */

#define _KERNEL_STRUCTURES
#include <sys/kinfo.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <net/ethernet.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_var.h>         /* for struct ifnet */
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/if_types.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netgraph/socket/ng_socket.h>

#include <netproto/mpls/mpls.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <kinfo.h>
#include <libutil.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "netstat.h"

#define kget(p, d) (kread((u_long)(p), (char *)&(d), sizeof (d)))
#define constSA(x) ((const struct sockaddr *)(x))

/*
 * Definitions for showing gateway flags.
 */
struct bits {
        u_long  b_mask;
        char    b_val;
} bits[] = {
        { RTF_UP,       'U' },
        { RTF_GATEWAY,  'G' },
        { RTF_HOST,     'H' },
        { RTF_REJECT,   'R' },
        { RTF_DYNAMIC,  'D' },
        { RTF_MODIFIED, 'M' },
        { RTF_DONE,     'd' }, /* Completed -- for routing messages only */
        { RTF_CLONING,  'C' },
        { RTF_XRESOLVE, 'X' },
        { RTF_LLINFO,   'L' },
        { RTF_STATIC,   'S' },
        { RTF_PROTO1,   '1' },
        { RTF_PROTO2,   '2' },
        { RTF_WASCLONED,'W' },
        { RTF_PRCLONING,'c' },
        { RTF_PROTO3,   '3' },
        { RTF_BLACKHOLE,'B' },
        { RTF_BROADCAST,'b' },
        { RTF_MPLSOPS,  'm' },
        { 0, 0 }
};

typedef union {
        long    dummy;          /* Helps align structure. */
        struct  sockaddr u_sa;
        u_short u_data[128];
} sa_u;

static sa_u     pt_u;
static int      NewTree = 0;
static struct   radix_node_head *rt_tables[AF_MAX+1];

static struct sockaddr *kgetsa (const struct sockaddr *);
static void size_cols (int ef, struct radix_node *rn);
static void size_cols_tree (struct radix_node *rn);
static void size_cols_rtentry (struct rtentry *rt);
static void p_tree (struct radix_node *, int);
static void p_rtnode (struct radix_node *);
static void ntreestuff (void);
static void np_rtentry (struct rt_msghdr *);
static void p_sockaddr (struct sockaddr *, struct sockaddr *, int, int);
static const char *fmt_sockaddr (struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *mask,
                                 int flags);
static void p_flags (int, const char *);
static const char *fmt_flags(int f);
static void p_rtentry (struct rtentry *);
static u_long forgemask (u_long);
static void domask (char *, u_long, u_long);
static const char *labelops(struct rtentry *);

/*
 * Print routing tables.
 */
void
routepr(u_long rtree)
{
        struct radix_node_head *rnh, head;
        int i;

        printf("Routing tables\n");

        if (Aflag == 0 && NewTree) {
                ntreestuff();
        } else {
                if (rtree == 0) {
                        printf("rt_tables: symbol not in namelist\n");
                        return;
                }
                if (cpuflag >= 0) {
                        /*
                         * Severe hack.
                         */
                        rtree += cpuflag * (AF_MAX + 1) * sizeof(void *);
                }
                if (kget(rtree, rt_tables) != 0)
                        return;
                for (i = 0; i <= AF_MAX; i++) {
                        if ((rnh = rt_tables[i]) == NULL)
                                continue;
                        if (kget(rnh, head) != 0)
                                continue;
                        if (i == AF_UNSPEC) {
                                if (Aflag && af == 0) {
                                        printf("Netmasks:\n");
                                        p_tree(head.rnh_treetop, 0);
                                }
                        } else if (af == AF_UNSPEC || af == i) {
                                size_cols(i, head.rnh_treetop);
                                pr_family(i);
                                pr_rthdr(i);
                                p_tree(head.rnh_treetop, 1);
                        }
                }
        }
}

/*
 * Print address family header before a section of the routing table.
 */
void
pr_family(int af1)
{
        const char *afname;

        switch (af1) {
        case AF_INET:
                afname = "Internet";
                break;
#ifdef INET6
        case AF_INET6:
                afname = "Internet6";
                break;
#endif /*INET6*/
        case AF_CCITT:
                afname = "X.25";
                break;
        case AF_NETGRAPH:
                afname = "Netgraph";
                break;
        case AF_MPLS:
                afname = "MPLS";
                break;
        default:
                afname = NULL;
                break;
        }
        if (afname)
                printf("\n%s:\n", afname);
        else
                printf("\nProtocol Family %d:\n", af1);
}

/* column widths; each followed by one space */
#define WID_IF_DEFAULT(af)      (Wflag ? 10 : 8) /* width of netif column */
#ifndef INET6
#define WID_DST_DEFAULT(af)     18      /* width of destination column */
#define WID_GW_DEFAULT(af)      18      /* width of gateway column */
#else
#define WID_DST_DEFAULT(af) \
        ((af) == AF_INET6 ? (numeric_addr ? 33 : 18) : 18)
#define WID_GW_DEFAULT(af) \
        ((af) == AF_INET6 ? (numeric_addr ? 29 : 18) : 18)
#endif /*INET6*/

static int wid_dst;
static int wid_gw;
static int wid_flags;
static int wid_refs;
static int wid_use;
static int wid_mtu;
static int wid_if;
static int wid_expire;
static int wid_mplslops;
static int wid_msl;
static int wid_iwmax;
static int wid_iw;

static void
size_cols(int ef, struct radix_node *rn)
{
        wid_dst = WID_DST_DEFAULT(ef);
        wid_gw = WID_GW_DEFAULT(ef);
        wid_flags = 6;
        wid_refs = 6;
        wid_use = 8;
        wid_mtu = 6;
        wid_if = WID_IF_DEFAULT(ef);
        wid_expire = 6;
        wid_mplslops = 7;
        wid_msl = 7;
        wid_iwmax = 5;
        wid_iw = 2;

        if (Wflag)
                size_cols_tree(rn);
}

static void
size_cols_tree(struct radix_node *rn)
{
        struct radix_node rnode;
        struct rtentry rtentry;

again:
        if (kget(rn, rnode) != 0)
                return;
        if (!(rnode.rn_flags & RNF_ACTIVE))
                return;
        if (rnode.rn_bit < 0) {
                if ((rnode.rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) == 0) {
                        if (kget(rn, rtentry) != 0)
                                return;
                        size_cols_rtentry(&rtentry);
                }
                if ((rn = rnode.rn_dupedkey) != NULL)
                        goto again;
        } else {
                rn = rnode.rn_right;
                size_cols_tree(rnode.rn_left);
                size_cols_tree(rn);
        }
}

static void
size_cols_rtentry(struct rtentry *rt)
{
        static struct ifnet ifnet, *lastif;
        struct rtentry parent;
        static char buffer[100];
        const char *bp;
        struct sockaddr *sa;
        sa_u addr, mask;
        int len;

        /*
         * Don't print protocol-cloned routes unless -a.
         */
        if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_WASCLONED && !aflag) {
                if (kget(rt->rt_parent, parent) != 0)
                        return;
                if (parent.rt_flags & RTF_PRCLONING)
                        return;
        }

        bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
        if ((sa = kgetsa(rt_key(rt))))
                bcopy(sa, &addr, sa->sa_len);
        bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
        if (rt_mask(rt) && (sa = kgetsa(rt_mask(rt))))
                bcopy(sa, &mask, sa->sa_len);
        bp = fmt_sockaddr(&addr.u_sa, &mask.u_sa, rt->rt_flags);
        len = strlen(bp);
        wid_dst = MAX(len, wid_dst);

        bp = fmt_sockaddr(kgetsa(rt->rt_gateway), NULL, RTF_HOST);
        len = strlen(bp);
        wid_gw = MAX(len, wid_gw);

        bp = fmt_flags(rt->rt_flags);
        len = strlen(bp);
        wid_flags = MAX(len, wid_flags);

        if (addr.u_sa.sa_family == AF_INET || Wflag) {
                len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%ld", rt->rt_refcnt);
                wid_refs = MAX(len, wid_refs);
                len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%lu", rt->rt_use);
                wid_use = MAX(len, wid_use);
                if (Wflag && rt->rt_rmx.rmx_mtu != 0) {
                        len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
                                       "%lu", rt->rt_rmx.rmx_mtu);
                        wid_mtu = MAX(len, wid_mtu);
                }
        }
        if (rt->rt_ifp) {
                if (rt->rt_ifp != lastif) {
                        if (kget(rt->rt_ifp, ifnet) == 0)
                                len = strlen(ifnet.if_xname);
                        else
                                len = strlen("---");
                        lastif = rt->rt_ifp;
                        wid_if = MAX(len, wid_if);
                }
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_expire) {
                        struct timespec sp;
                        int expire_time;

                        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sp);
                        expire_time = (int)(rt->rt_rmx.rmx_expire - sp.tv_sec);
                        if (expire_time > 0) {
                                snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%d",
                                         (int)expire_time);
                                wid_expire = MAX(len, wid_expire);
                        }
                }
        }
        if (Wflag) {
                if (rt->rt_shim[0] != NULL) {
                        len = strlen(labelops(rt));
                        wid_mplslops = MAX(len, wid_mplslops);
                }

                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_msl) {
                        len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
                                       "%lu", rt->rt_rmx.rmx_msl);
                        wid_msl = MAX(len, wid_msl);
                }
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwmaxsegs) {
                        len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
                                       "%lu", rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwmaxsegs);
                        wid_iwmax = MAX(len, wid_iwmax);
                }
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwcapsegs) {
                        len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
                                       "%lu", rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwcapsegs);
                        wid_iw = MAX(len, wid_iw);
                }
        }
}


/*
 * Print header for routing table columns.
 */
void
pr_rthdr(int af1)
{

        if (Aflag)
                printf("%-8.8s ","Address");
        if (af1 == AF_INET || Wflag) {
                if (Wflag) {
                        printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s %*.*s %*.*s %*.*s %*.*s "
                               "%*s %-*s%*s %*s %*s\n",
                                wid_dst,        wid_dst,        "Destination",
                                wid_gw,         wid_gw,         "Gateway",
                                wid_flags,      wid_flags,      "Flags",
                                wid_refs,       wid_refs,       "Refs",
                                wid_use,        wid_use,        "Use",
                                wid_mtu,        wid_mtu,        "Mtu",
                                wid_if,         wid_if,         "Netif",
                                wid_expire,                     "Expire",
                                wid_mplslops,                   "Labelops",
                                wid_msl,                        "Msl",
                                wid_iwmax,                      "IWmax",
                                wid_iw,                         "IW");
                } else {
                        printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s %*.*s %*.*s %*.*s %*s\n",
                                wid_dst,        wid_dst,        "Destination",
                                wid_gw,         wid_gw,         "Gateway",
                                wid_flags,      wid_flags,      "Flags",
                                wid_refs,       wid_refs,       "Refs",
                                wid_use,        wid_use,        "Use",
                                wid_if,         wid_if,         "Netif",
                                wid_expire,                     "Expire");
                }
        } else {
                printf("%-*.*s %-*.*s %-*.*s  %*.*s %*s\n",
                        wid_dst,        wid_dst,        "Destination",
                        wid_gw,         wid_gw,         "Gateway",
                        wid_flags,      wid_flags,      "Flags",
                        wid_if,         wid_if,         "Netif",
                        wid_expire,                     "Expire");
        }
}

static struct sockaddr *
kgetsa(const struct sockaddr *dst)
{

        if (kget(dst, pt_u.u_sa) != 0)
                return (NULL);
        if (pt_u.u_sa.sa_len > sizeof (pt_u.u_sa))
                kread((u_long)dst, (char *)pt_u.u_data, pt_u.u_sa.sa_len);
        return (&pt_u.u_sa);
}

static void
p_tree(struct radix_node *rn, int is_rtentry)
{
        struct radix_node rnode;
        struct rtentry rtentry;

again:
        if (kget(rn, rnode) != 0)
                return;
        if (!(rnode.rn_flags & RNF_ACTIVE))
                return;
        if (rnode.rn_bit < 0) {
                if (Aflag)
                        printf("%-8.8lx ", (u_long)rn);
                if (rnode.rn_flags & RNF_ROOT) {
                        if (Aflag)
                                printf("(root node)%s",
                                       rnode.rn_dupedkey ? " =>\n" : "\n");
                } else if (is_rtentry) {
                        if (kget(rn, rtentry) == 0) {
                                p_rtentry(&rtentry);
                                if (Aflag)
                                        p_rtnode(&rnode);
                        }
                } else {
                        p_sockaddr(kgetsa(constSA(rnode.rn_key)), NULL, 0, 44);
                        putchar('\n');
                }
                if ((rn = rnode.rn_dupedkey) != NULL)
                        goto again;
        } else {
                if (Aflag && is_rtentry) {
                        printf("%-8.8lx ", (u_long)rn);
                        p_rtnode(&rnode);
                }
                rn = rnode.rn_right;
                p_tree(rnode.rn_left, is_rtentry);
                p_tree(rn, is_rtentry);
        }
}

static void
p_rtnode(struct radix_node *rnode)
{
        struct radix_node rnode_aux;
        struct radix_mask rmask, *rm = rnode->rn_mklist;
        char nbuf[20];

        if (rnode->rn_bit < 0) {
                if (rnode->rn_mask) {
                        printf("\t  mask ");
                        p_sockaddr(kgetsa(constSA(rnode->rn_mask)),
                                   NULL, 0, -1);
                } else if (rm == NULL)
                        return;
        } else {
                sprintf(nbuf, "(%d)", rnode->rn_bit);
                printf("%6.6s %8.8lx : %8.8lx", nbuf,
                       (u_long)rnode->rn_left, (u_long)rnode->rn_right);
        }
        while (rm != NULL) {
                if (kget(rm, rmask) != 0)
                        break;
                sprintf(nbuf, " %d refs, ", rmask.rm_refs);
                printf(" mk = %8.8lx {(%d),%s", (u_long)rm,
                       -1 - rmask.rm_bit, rmask.rm_refs ? nbuf : " ");
                if (rmask.rm_flags & RNF_NORMAL) {
                        printf(" <normal>, ");
                        if (kget(rmask.rm_leaf, rnode_aux) == 0)
                                p_sockaddr(kgetsa(constSA(rnode_aux.rn_mask)),
                                           NULL, 0, -1);
                        else
                                p_sockaddr(NULL, NULL, 0, -1);
                } else {
                        p_sockaddr(kgetsa(constSA(rmask.rm_mask)),
                                   NULL, 0, -1);
                }
                putchar('}');
                if ((rm = rmask.rm_next) != NULL)
                        printf(" ->");
        }
        putchar('\n');
}

static void
ntreestuff(void)
{
        size_t needed;
        int mib[7];
        int miblen;
        char *buf, *next, *lim;
        struct rt_msghdr *rtm;

        mib[0] = CTL_NET;
        mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
        mib[2] = 0;
        mib[3] = 0;
        mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
        mib[5] = 0;
        if (cpuflag >= 0) {
                mib[6] = cpuflag;
                miblen = 7;
        } else {
                miblen = 6;
        }
        if (sysctl(mib, miblen, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
                err(1, "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump estimate");
        }

        if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL) {
                err(2, "malloc(%lu)", (unsigned long)needed);
        }
        if (sysctl(mib, miblen, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
                err(1, "sysctl: net.route.0.0.dump");
        }
        lim  = buf + needed;
        for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
                rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
                np_rtentry(rtm);
        }
}

static void
np_rtentry(struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
{
        struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
#ifdef notdef
        static int masks_done, banner_printed;
#endif
        static int old_af;
        int af1 = 0, interesting = RTF_UP | RTF_GATEWAY | RTF_HOST;

#ifdef notdef
        /* for the moment, netmasks are skipped over */
        if (!banner_printed) {
                printf("Netmasks:\n");
                banner_printed = 1;
        }
        if (masks_done == 0) {
                if (rtm->rtm_addrs != RTA_DST ) {
                        masks_done = 1;
                        af1 = sa->sa_family;
                }
        } else
#endif
                af1 = sa->sa_family;
        if (af1 != old_af) {
                pr_family(af1);
                old_af = af1;
        }
        if (rtm->rtm_addrs == RTA_DST)
                p_sockaddr(sa, NULL, 0, 36);
        else {
                p_sockaddr(sa, NULL, rtm->rtm_flags, 16);
                sa = (struct sockaddr *)(RT_ROUNDUP(sa->sa_len) + (char *)sa);
                p_sockaddr(sa, NULL, 0, 18);
        }
        p_flags(rtm->rtm_flags & interesting, "%-6.6s ");
        putchar('\n');
}

static void
p_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *mask, int flags, int width)
{
        const char *cp;

        cp = fmt_sockaddr(sa, mask, flags);

        if (width < 0 )
                printf("%s ", cp);
        else {
                if (numeric_addr)
                        printf("%-*s ", width, cp);
                else
                        printf("%-*.*s ", width, width, cp);
        }
}

static const char *
fmt_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *mask, int flags)
{
        static char workbuf[128];
        const char *cp = workbuf;

        if (sa == NULL)
                return ("null");

        switch(sa->sa_family) {
        case AF_INET:
            {
                struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;

                if ((sin->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) && mask &&
                    ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)mask)->sin_addr.s_addr) ==0L)
                        cp = "default" ;
                else if (flags & RTF_HOST)
                        cp = routename(sin->sin_addr.s_addr);
                else if (mask)
                        cp = netname(sin->sin_addr.s_addr,
                                     ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)mask)
                                           ->sin_addr.s_addr));
                else
                        cp = netname(sin->sin_addr.s_addr, 0L);
                break;
            }

#ifdef INET6
        case AF_INET6:
            {
                struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sa;
                struct in6_addr *in6 = &sa6->sin6_addr;

                /*
                 * XXX: This is a special workaround for KAME kernels.
                 * sin6_scope_id field of SA should be set in the future.
                 */
                if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(in6) ||
                    IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(in6)) {
                        /* XXX: override is ok? */
                        sa6->sin6_scope_id =
                            (u_int32_t)ntohs(*(u_short *)&in6->s6_addr[2]);
                        *(u_short *)&in6->s6_addr[2] = 0;
                }

                if (flags & RTF_HOST)
                        cp = routename6(sa6);
                else if (mask)
                        cp = netname6(sa6,
                            &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)mask)->sin6_addr);
                else
                        cp = netname6(sa6, NULL);
                break;
            }
#endif /*INET6*/

        case AF_NETGRAPH:
            {
                printf("%s", ((struct sockaddr_ng *)sa)->sg_data);
                break;
            }
        case AF_LINK:
            {
                struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;

                if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 && sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
                    sdl->sdl_slen == 0)
                        sprintf(workbuf, "link#%d", sdl->sdl_index);
                else
                        switch (sdl->sdl_type) {

                        case IFT_ETHER:
                        case IFT_L2VLAN:
                        case IFT_CARP:
                                if (sdl->sdl_alen == ETHER_ADDR_LEN) {
                                        cp = ether_ntoa((struct ether_addr *)
                                            (sdl->sdl_data + sdl->sdl_nlen));
                                        break;
                                }
                                /* FALLTHROUGH */
                        default:
                                cp = link_ntoa(sdl);
                                break;
                        }
                break;
            }

        case AF_MPLS:
            {
                struct sockaddr_mpls *smpls = (struct sockaddr_mpls *)sa;

                (void) sprintf(workbuf, "%d", ntohl(smpls->smpls_label));
                break;
            }

        default:
            {
                u_char *s = (u_char *)sa->sa_data, *slim;
                char *cq, *cqlim;

                cq = workbuf;
                slim =  sa->sa_len + (u_char *) sa;
                cqlim = cq + sizeof(workbuf) - 6;
                cq += sprintf(cq, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
                while (s < slim && cq < cqlim) {
                        cq += sprintf(cq, " %02x", *s++);
                        if (s < slim)
                                cq += sprintf(cq, "%02x", *s++);
                }
                cp = workbuf;
            }
        }

        return (cp);
}

static void
p_flags(int f, const char *format)
{
        printf(format, fmt_flags(f));
}

static const char *
fmt_flags(int f)
{
        static char name[33];
        char *flags;
        struct bits *p = bits;

        for (flags = name; p->b_mask; p++)
                if (p->b_mask & f)
                        *flags++ = p->b_val;
        *flags = '\0';
        return (name);
}

static void
p_rtentry(struct rtentry *rt)
{
        static struct ifnet ifnet, *lastif;
        struct rtentry parent;
        static char buffer[128];
        static char prettyname[128];
        struct sockaddr *sa;
        sa_u addr, mask;

        /*
         * Don't print protocol-cloned routes unless -a or -A.
         */
        if (rt->rt_flags & RTF_WASCLONED && !(aflag || Aflag)) {
                if (kget(rt->rt_parent, parent) != 0)
                        return;
                if (parent.rt_flags & RTF_PRCLONING)
                        return;
        }

        bzero(&addr, sizeof(addr));
        if ((sa = kgetsa(rt_key(rt))))
                bcopy(sa, &addr, sa->sa_len);
        bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
        if (rt_mask(rt) && (sa = kgetsa(rt_mask(rt))))
                bcopy(sa, &mask, sa->sa_len);
        p_sockaddr(&addr.u_sa, &mask.u_sa, rt->rt_flags, wid_dst);
        p_sockaddr(kgetsa(rt->rt_gateway), NULL, RTF_HOST, wid_gw);
        snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "%%-%d.%ds ", wid_flags, wid_flags);
        p_flags(rt->rt_flags, buffer);
        if (addr.u_sa.sa_family == AF_INET || Wflag) {
                printf("%*ld %*lu ", wid_refs, rt->rt_refcnt,
                                     wid_use, rt->rt_use);
                if (Wflag) {
                        if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_mtu != 0)
                                printf("%*lu ", wid_mtu, rt->rt_rmx.rmx_mtu);
                        else
                                printf("%*s ", wid_mtu, "");
                }
        }
        if (rt->rt_ifp) {
                if (rt->rt_ifp != lastif) {
                        if (kget(rt->rt_ifp, ifnet) == 0)
                                strlcpy(prettyname, ifnet.if_xname,
                                        sizeof(prettyname));
                        else
                                strlcpy(prettyname, "---", sizeof(prettyname));
                        lastif = rt->rt_ifp;
                }
                printf("%*.*s", wid_if, wid_if, prettyname);
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_expire) {
                        struct timespec sp;
                        int expire_time;

                        clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sp);

                        expire_time = (int)(rt->rt_rmx.rmx_expire - sp.tv_sec);
                        if (expire_time > 0)
                                printf(" %*d", wid_expire, (int)expire_time);
                        else
                                printf("%*s ", wid_expire, "");
                } else {
                        printf("%*s ", wid_expire, "");
                }
                if (rt->rt_nodes[0].rn_dupedkey)
                        printf(" =>");
        }
        if (Wflag) {
                if (rt->rt_shim[0] != NULL)
                        printf(" %-*s", wid_mplslops, labelops(rt));
                else
                        printf(" %-*s", wid_mplslops, "");
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_msl != 0)
                        printf(" %*lu", wid_msl, rt->rt_rmx.rmx_msl);
                else
                        printf("%*s ", wid_msl, "");
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwmaxsegs != 0)
                        printf(" %*lu", wid_iwmax, rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwmaxsegs);
                else
                        printf("%*s ", wid_iwmax, "");
                if (rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwcapsegs != 0)
                        printf(" %*lu", wid_iw, rt->rt_rmx.rmx_iwcapsegs);
                else
                        printf("%*s ", wid_iw, "");
        }
        putchar('\n');
}

char *
routename(u_long in)
{
        char *cp;
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        struct hostent *hp;

        cp = NULL;
        if (!numeric_addr) {
                hp = gethostbyaddr(&in, sizeof (struct in_addr), AF_INET);
                if (hp) {
                        cp = hp->h_name;
                        trimdomain(cp, strlen(cp));
                }
        }
        if (cp) {
                strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
                line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
        } else {
#define C(x)    ((x) & 0xff)
                in = ntohl(in);
                sprintf(line, "%lu.%lu.%lu.%lu",
                        C(in >> 24), C(in >> 16), C(in >> 8), C(in));
        }
        return (line);
}

static u_long
forgemask(u_long a)
{
        u_long m;

        if (IN_CLASSA(a))
                m = IN_CLASSA_NET;
        else if (IN_CLASSB(a))
                m = IN_CLASSB_NET;
        else
                m = IN_CLASSC_NET;
        return (m);
}

static void
domask(char *dst, u_long addr, u_long mask)
{
        int b, bb, i;

        if (!mask || (forgemask(addr) == mask)) {
                *dst = '\0';
                return;
        }
        i = 0;
        for (b = 0; b < 32; b++)
                if (mask & (1 << b)) {
                        i = b;
                        for (bb = b+1; bb < 32; bb++)
                                if (!(mask & (1 << bb))) {
                                        i = -1; /* noncontig */
                                        break;
                                }
                        break;
                }
        if (i == -1)
                sprintf(dst, "&0x%lx", mask);
        else
                sprintf(dst, "/%d", 32-i);
}

/*
 * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
 * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
 */
char *
netname(u_long in, u_long mask)
{
        char *cp = NULL;
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        struct netent *np = NULL;
        u_long dmask;
        u_long i;

#define NSHIFT(m) (                                                     \
        (m) == IN_CLASSA_NET ? IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT :                       \
        (m) == IN_CLASSB_NET ? IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT :                       \
        (m) == IN_CLASSC_NET ? IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT :                       \
        0)

        i = ntohl(in);
        dmask = forgemask(i);
        if (!numeric_addr && i) {
                np = getnetbyaddr(i >> NSHIFT(mask), AF_INET);
                if (np == NULL && mask == 0)
                        np = getnetbyaddr(i >> NSHIFT(dmask), AF_INET);
                if (np != NULL) {
                        cp = np->n_name;
                        trimdomain(cp, strlen(cp));
                }
        }
#undef NSHIFT
        if (cp != NULL) {
                strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
                line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
        } else {
                if (mask <= IN_CLASSA_NET &&
                        (i & IN_CLASSA_HOST) == 0) {
                                sprintf(line, "%lu", C(i >> 24));
                } else if (mask <= IN_CLASSB_NET &&
                        (i & IN_CLASSB_HOST) == 0) {
                                sprintf(line, "%lu.%lu",
                                        C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16));
                } else if (mask <= IN_CLASSC_NET &&
                        (i & IN_CLASSC_HOST) == 0) {
                                sprintf(line, "%lu.%lu.%lu",
                                        C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16), C(i >> 8));
                } else {
                        sprintf(line, "%lu.%lu.%lu.%lu",
                                C(i >> 24), C(i >> 16), C(i >> 8), C(i));
                }
        }
        domask(line + strlen(line), i, mask);
        return (line);
}

#ifdef INET6
const char *
netname6(struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6, struct in6_addr *mask)
{
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        u_char *p = (u_char *)mask;
        u_char *lim;
        int masklen, illegal = 0, flag = NI_WITHSCOPEID;

        if (mask) {
                for (masklen = 0, lim = p + 16; p < lim; p++) {
                        switch (*p) {
                        case 0xff:
                                masklen += 8;
                                break;
                        case 0xfe:
                                masklen += 7;
                                break;
                        case 0xfc:
                                masklen += 6;
                                break;
                        case 0xf8:
                                masklen += 5;
                                break;
                        case 0xf0:
                                masklen += 4;
                                break;
                        case 0xe0:
                                masklen += 3;
                                break;
                        case 0xc0:
                                masklen += 2;
                                break;
                        case 0x80:
                                masklen += 1;
                                break;
                        case 0x00:
                                break;
                        default:
                                illegal ++;
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (illegal)
                        fprintf(stderr, "illegal prefixlen\n");
        }
        else
                masklen = 128;

        if (masklen == 0 && IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sa6->sin6_addr))
                return("default");

        if (numeric_addr)
                flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
        getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)sa6, sa6->sin6_len, line, sizeof(line),
                    NULL, 0, flag);

        if (numeric_addr)
                sprintf(&line[strlen(line)], "/%d", masklen);

        return line;
}

char *
routename6(struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6)
{
        static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
        int flag = NI_WITHSCOPEID;
        /* use local variable for safety */
        struct sockaddr_in6 sa6_local;

        sa6_local.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
        sa6_local.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6_local);
        sa6_local.sin6_addr = sa6->sin6_addr;
        sa6_local.sin6_scope_id = sa6->sin6_scope_id;

        if (numeric_addr)
                flag |= NI_NUMERICHOST;

        getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sa6_local, sa6_local.sin6_len,
                    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, flag);

        return line;
}
#endif /*INET6*/

/*
 * Print routing statistics
 */
void
rt_stats(void)
{
        struct rtstatistics rts;
        int error = 0;

        error = kinfo_get_net_rtstatistics(&rts);
        if (error) {
                printf("routing: could not retrieve statistics\n");
                return;
        }
        printf("routing:\n");

#define p(f, m) if (rts.f || sflag <= 1) \
        printf(m, rts.f, plural(rts.f))

        p(rts_badredirect, "\t%lu bad routing redirect%s\n");
        p(rts_dynamic, "\t%lu dynamically created route%s\n");
        p(rts_newgateway, "\t%lu new gateway%s due to redirects\n");
        p(rts_unreach, "\t%lu destination%s found unreachable\n");
        p(rts_wildcard, "\t%lu use%s of a wildcard route\n");
#undef p
}

static const char *
labelops(struct rtentry *rt)
{
        const char *lops[] = { "push", "pop", "swap", "pop all" };
        static char buffer[100];
        char *cp = buffer;
        struct sockaddr_mpls *smpls;
        int i;

        for (i=0; i<MPLS_MAXLOPS; ++i) {

                if (rt->rt_shim[i] == NULL)
                        break;
                if (i>0) {
                        cp += snprintf(cp,
                                       sizeof(buffer) - (cp - buffer),
                                       ", ");
                }
                smpls = (struct sockaddr_mpls *)kgetsa(rt->rt_shim[i]);
                if (smpls->smpls_op != MPLSLOP_POP &&
                    smpls->smpls_op != MPLSLOP_POPALL){
                        cp += snprintf(cp,
                                       sizeof(buffer) - (cp - buffer),
                                       "%s %d",
                                       lops[smpls->smpls_op - 1],
                                       ntohl(smpls->smpls_label));
                } else {
                        cp += snprintf(cp,
                                       sizeof(buffer) - (cp - buffer),
                                       "%s",
                                       lops[smpls->smpls_op - 1]);
                }
        }

        return (buffer);
}