/*
 * validator/autotrust.c - RFC5011 trust anchor management for unbound.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2009, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is open source.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 
 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 
 * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/**
 * \file
 *
 * Contains autotrust implementation. The implementation was taken from 
 * the autotrust daemon (BSD licensed), written by Matthijs Mekking.
 * It was modified to fit into unbound. The state table process is the same.
 */
#include "config.h"
#include "validator/autotrust.h"
#include "validator/val_anchor.h"
#include "validator/val_utils.h"
#include "validator/val_sigcrypt.h"
#include "util/data/dname.h"
#include "util/data/packed_rrset.h"
#include "util/log.h"
#include "util/module.h"
#include "util/net_help.h"
#include "util/config_file.h"
#include "util/regional.h"
#include "util/random.h"
#include "util/data/msgparse.h"
#include "services/mesh.h"
#include "services/cache/rrset.h"
#include "validator/val_kcache.h"
#include "sldns/sbuffer.h"
#include "sldns/wire2str.h"
#include "sldns/str2wire.h"
#include "sldns/keyraw.h"
#include "sldns/rrdef.h"
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/** number of times a key must be seen before it can become valid */
#define MIN_PENDINGCOUNT 2

/** Event: Revoked */
static void do_revoked(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c);

struct autr_global_data* autr_global_create(void)
{
        struct autr_global_data* global;
        global = (struct autr_global_data*)malloc(sizeof(*global));
        if(!global) 
                return NULL;
        rbtree_init(&global->probe, &probetree_cmp);
        return global;
}

void autr_global_delete(struct autr_global_data* global)
{
        if(!global)
                return;
        /* elements deleted by parent */
        free(global);
}

int probetree_cmp(const void* x, const void* y)
{
        struct trust_anchor* a = (struct trust_anchor*)x;
        struct trust_anchor* b = (struct trust_anchor*)y;
        log_assert(a->autr && b->autr);
        if(a->autr->next_probe_time < b->autr->next_probe_time)
                return -1;
        if(a->autr->next_probe_time > b->autr->next_probe_time)
                return 1;
        /* time is equal, sort on trust point identity */
        return anchor_cmp(x, y);
}

size_t 
autr_get_num_anchors(struct val_anchors* anchors)
{
        size_t res = 0;
        if(!anchors)
                return 0;
        lock_basic_lock(&anchors->lock);
        if(anchors->autr)
                res = anchors->autr->probe.count;
        lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
        return res;
}

/** Position in string */
static int
position_in_string(char *str, const char* sub)
{
        char* pos = strstr(str, sub);
        if(pos)
                return (int)(pos-str)+(int)strlen(sub);
        return -1;
}

/** Debug routine to print pretty key information */
static void
verbose_key(struct autr_ta* ta, enum verbosity_value level, 
        const char* format, ...) ATTR_FORMAT(printf, 3, 4);

/** 
 * Implementation of debug pretty key print 
 * @param ta: trust anchor key with DNSKEY data.
 * @param level: verbosity level to print at.
 * @param format: printf style format string.
 */
static void
verbose_key(struct autr_ta* ta, enum verbosity_value level, 
        const char* format, ...) 
{
        va_list args;
        va_start(args, format);
        if(verbosity >= level) {
                char* str = sldns_wire2str_dname(ta->rr, ta->dname_len);
                int keytag = (int)sldns_calc_keytag_raw(sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(
                        ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len),
                        sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(ta->rr, ta->rr_len,
                        ta->dname_len));
                char msg[MAXSYSLOGMSGLEN];
                vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), format, args);
                verbose(level, "%s key %d %s", str?str:"??", keytag, msg);
                free(str);
        }
        va_end(args);
}

/** 
 * Parse comments 
 * @param str: to parse
 * @param ta: trust key autotrust metadata
 * @return false on failure.
 */
static int
parse_comments(char* str, struct autr_ta* ta)
{
        int len = (int)strlen(str), pos = 0, timestamp = 0;
        char* comment = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char)*len+1);
        char* comments = comment;
        if(!comment) {
                log_err("malloc failure in parse");
                return 0;
        }
        /* skip over whitespace and data at start of line */
        while (*str != '\0' && *str != ';')
                str++;
        if (*str == ';')
                str++;
        /* copy comments */
        while (*str != '\0')
        {
                *comments = *str;
                comments++;
                str++;
        }
        *comments = '\0';

        comments = comment;

        /* read state */
        pos = position_in_string(comments, "state=");
        if (pos >= (int) strlen(comments))
        {
                log_err("parse error");
                free(comment);
                return 0;
        }
        if (pos <= 0)
                ta->s = AUTR_STATE_VALID;
        else
        {
                int s = (int) comments[pos] - '0';
                switch(s)
                {
                        case AUTR_STATE_START:
                        case AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND:
                        case AUTR_STATE_VALID:
                        case AUTR_STATE_MISSING:
                        case AUTR_STATE_REVOKED:
                        case AUTR_STATE_REMOVED:
                                ta->s = s;
                                break;
                        default:
                                verbose_key(ta, VERB_OPS, "has undefined "
                                        "state, considered NewKey");
                                ta->s = AUTR_STATE_START;
                                break;
                }
        }
        /* read pending count */
        pos = position_in_string(comments, "count=");
        if (pos >= (int) strlen(comments))
        {
                log_err("parse error");
                free(comment);
                return 0;
        }
        if (pos <= 0)
                ta->pending_count = 0;
        else
        {
                comments += pos;
                ta->pending_count = (uint8_t)atoi(comments);
        }

        /* read last change */
        pos = position_in_string(comments, "lastchange=");
        if (pos >= (int) strlen(comments))
        {
                log_err("parse error");
                free(comment);
                return 0;
        }
        if (pos >= 0)
        {
                comments += pos;
                timestamp = atoi(comments);
        }
        if (pos < 0 || !timestamp)
                ta->last_change = 0;
        else
                ta->last_change = (time_t)timestamp;

        free(comment);
        return 1;
}

/** Check if a line contains data (besides comments) */
static int
str_contains_data(char* str, char comment)
{
        while (*str != '\0') {
                if (*str == comment || *str == '\n')
                        return 0;
                if (*str != ' ' && *str != '\t')
                        return 1;
                str++;
        }
        return 0;
}

/** Get DNSKEY flags
 * rdata without rdatalen in front of it. */
static int
dnskey_flags(uint16_t t, uint8_t* rdata, size_t len)
{
        uint16_t f;
        if(t != LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY)
                return 0;
        if(len < 2)
                return 0;
        memmove(&f, rdata, 2);
        f = ntohs(f);
        return (int)f;
}

/** Check if KSK DNSKEY.
 * pass rdata without rdatalen in front of it */
static int
rr_is_dnskey_sep(uint16_t t, uint8_t* rdata, size_t len)
{
        return (dnskey_flags(t, rdata, len)&DNSKEY_BIT_SEP);
}

/** Check if TA is KSK DNSKEY */
static int
ta_is_dnskey_sep(struct autr_ta* ta)
{
        return (dnskey_flags(
                sldns_wirerr_get_type(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len),
                sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len),
                sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len)
                ) & DNSKEY_BIT_SEP);
}

/** Check if REVOKED DNSKEY
 * pass rdata without rdatalen in front of it */
static int
rr_is_dnskey_revoked(uint16_t t, uint8_t* rdata, size_t len)
{
        return (dnskey_flags(t, rdata, len)&LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY);
}

/** create ta */
static struct autr_ta*
autr_ta_create(uint8_t* rr, size_t rr_len, size_t dname_len)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta = (struct autr_ta*)calloc(1, sizeof(*ta));
        if(!ta) {
                free(rr);
                return NULL;
        }
        ta->rr = rr;
        ta->rr_len = rr_len;
        ta->dname_len = dname_len;
        return ta;
}

/** create tp */
static struct trust_anchor*
autr_tp_create(struct val_anchors* anchors, uint8_t* own, size_t own_len,
        uint16_t dc)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp = (struct trust_anchor*)calloc(1, sizeof(*tp));
        if(!tp) return NULL;
        tp->name = memdup(own, own_len);
        if(!tp->name) {
                free(tp);
                return NULL;
        }
        tp->namelen = own_len;
        tp->namelabs = dname_count_labels(tp->name);
        tp->node.key = tp;
        tp->dclass = dc;
        tp->autr = (struct autr_point_data*)calloc(1, sizeof(*tp->autr));
        if(!tp->autr) {
                free(tp->name);
                free(tp);
                return NULL;
        }
        tp->autr->pnode.key = tp;

        lock_basic_lock(&anchors->lock);
        if(!rbtree_insert(anchors->tree, &tp->node)) {
                char buf[LDNS_MAX_DOMAINLEN];
                lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
                dname_str(tp->name, buf);
                log_err("trust anchor for '%s' presented twice", buf);
                free(tp->name);
                free(tp->autr);
                free(tp);
                return NULL;
        }
        if(!rbtree_insert(&anchors->autr->probe, &tp->autr->pnode)) {
                char buf[LDNS_MAX_DOMAINLEN];
                (void)rbtree_delete(anchors->tree, tp);
                lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
                dname_str(tp->name, buf);
                log_err("trust anchor for '%s' in probetree twice", buf);
                free(tp->name);
                free(tp->autr);
                free(tp);
                return NULL;
        }
        lock_basic_init(&tp->lock);
        lock_protect(&tp->lock, tp, sizeof(*tp));
        lock_protect(&tp->lock, tp->autr, sizeof(*tp->autr));
        lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
        return tp;
}

/** delete assembled rrsets */
static void
autr_rrset_delete(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* r)
{
        if(r) {
                free(r->rk.dname);
                free(r->entry.data);
                free(r);
        }
}

void autr_point_delete(struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        if(!tp)
                return;
        lock_unprotect(&tp->lock, tp);
        lock_unprotect(&tp->lock, tp->autr);
        lock_basic_destroy(&tp->lock);
        autr_rrset_delete(tp->ds_rrset);
        autr_rrset_delete(tp->dnskey_rrset);
        if(tp->autr) {
                struct autr_ta* p = tp->autr->keys, *np;
                while(p) {
                        np = p->next;
                        free(p->rr);
                        free(p);
                        p = np;
                }
                free(tp->autr->file);
                free(tp->autr);
        }
        free(tp->name);
        free(tp);
}

/** find or add a new trust point for autotrust */
static struct trust_anchor*
find_add_tp(struct val_anchors* anchors, uint8_t* rr, size_t rr_len,
        size_t dname_len)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp;
        tp = anchor_find(anchors, rr, dname_count_labels(rr), dname_len,
                sldns_wirerr_get_class(rr, rr_len, dname_len));
        if(tp) {
                if(!tp->autr) {
                        log_err("anchor cannot be with and without autotrust");
                        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                        return NULL;
                }
                return tp;
        }
        tp = autr_tp_create(anchors, rr, dname_len, sldns_wirerr_get_class(rr,
                rr_len, dname_len));
        if(!tp) 
                return NULL;
        lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
        return tp;
}

/** Add trust anchor from RR */
static struct autr_ta*
add_trustanchor_frm_rr(struct val_anchors* anchors, uint8_t* rr, size_t rr_len,
        size_t dname_len, struct trust_anchor** tp)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta = autr_ta_create(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
        if(!ta) 
                return NULL;
        *tp = find_add_tp(anchors, rr, rr_len, dname_len);
        if(!*tp) {
                free(ta->rr);
                free(ta);
                return NULL;
        }
        /* add ta to tp */
        ta->next = (*tp)->autr->keys;
        (*tp)->autr->keys = ta;
        lock_basic_unlock(&(*tp)->lock);
        return ta;
}

/**
 * Add new trust anchor from a string in file.
 * @param anchors: all anchors
 * @param str: string with anchor and comments, if any comments.
 * @param tp: trust point returned.
 * @param origin: what to use for @
 * @param origin_len: length of origin
 * @param prev: previous rr name
 * @param prev_len: length of prev
 * @param skip: if true, the result is NULL, but not an error, skip it.
 * @return new key in trust point.
 */
static struct autr_ta*
add_trustanchor_frm_str(struct val_anchors* anchors, char* str, 
        struct trust_anchor** tp, uint8_t* origin, size_t origin_len,
        uint8_t** prev, size_t* prev_len, int* skip)
{
        uint8_t rr[LDNS_RR_BUF_SIZE];
        size_t rr_len = sizeof(rr), dname_len;
        uint8_t* drr;
        int lstatus;
        if (!str_contains_data(str, ';')) {
                *skip = 1;
                return NULL; /* empty line */
        }
        if(0 != (lstatus = sldns_str2wire_rr_buf(str, rr, &rr_len, &dname_len,
                0, origin, origin_len, *prev, *prev_len)))
        {
                log_err("ldns error while converting string to RR at%d: %s: %s",
                        LDNS_WIREPARSE_OFFSET(lstatus),
                        sldns_get_errorstr_parse(lstatus), str);
                return NULL;
        }
        free(*prev);
        *prev = memdup(rr, dname_len);
        *prev_len = dname_len;
        if(!*prev) {
                log_err("malloc failure in add_trustanchor");
                return NULL;
        }
        if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len)!=LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY &&
                sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len)!=LDNS_RR_TYPE_DS) {
                *skip = 1;
                return NULL; /* only DS and DNSKEY allowed */
        }
        drr = memdup(rr, rr_len);
        if(!drr) {
                log_err("malloc failure in add trustanchor");
                return NULL;
        }
        return add_trustanchor_frm_rr(anchors, drr, rr_len, dname_len, tp);
}

/** 
 * Load single anchor 
 * @param anchors: all points.
 * @param str: comments line
 * @param fname: filename
 * @param origin: the $ORIGIN.
 * @param origin_len: length of origin
 * @param prev: passed to ldns.
 * @param prev_len: length of prev
 * @param skip: if true, the result is NULL, but not an error, skip it.
 * @return false on failure, otherwise the tp read.
 */
static struct trust_anchor*
load_trustanchor(struct val_anchors* anchors, char* str, const char* fname,
        uint8_t* origin, size_t origin_len, uint8_t** prev, size_t* prev_len,
        int* skip)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta = NULL;
        struct trust_anchor* tp = NULL;

        ta = add_trustanchor_frm_str(anchors, str, &tp, origin, origin_len,
                prev, prev_len, skip);
        if(!ta)
                return NULL;
        lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
        if(!parse_comments(str, ta)) {
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                return NULL;
        }
        if(!tp->autr->file) {
                tp->autr->file = strdup(fname);
                if(!tp->autr->file) {
                        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                        log_err("malloc failure");
                        return NULL;
                }
        }
        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        return tp;
}

/** iterator for DSes from keylist. return true if a next element exists */
static int
assemble_iterate_ds(struct autr_ta** list, uint8_t** rr, size_t* rr_len,
        size_t* dname_len)
{
        while(*list) {
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_type((*list)->rr, (*list)->rr_len,
                        (*list)->dname_len) == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DS) {
                        *rr = (*list)->rr;
                        *rr_len = (*list)->rr_len;
                        *dname_len = (*list)->dname_len;
                        *list = (*list)->next;
                        return 1;
                }
                *list = (*list)->next;
        }
        return 0;
}

/** iterator for DNSKEYs from keylist. return true if a next element exists */
static int
assemble_iterate_dnskey(struct autr_ta** list, uint8_t** rr, size_t* rr_len,
        size_t* dname_len)
{
        while(*list) {
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_type((*list)->rr, (*list)->rr_len,
                   (*list)->dname_len) != LDNS_RR_TYPE_DS &&
                        ((*list)->s == AUTR_STATE_VALID || 
                         (*list)->s == AUTR_STATE_MISSING)) {
                        *rr = (*list)->rr;
                        *rr_len = (*list)->rr_len;
                        *dname_len = (*list)->dname_len;
                        *list = (*list)->next;
                        return 1;
                }
                *list = (*list)->next;
        }
        return 0;
}

/** see if iterator-list has any elements in it, or it is empty */
static int
assemble_iterate_hasfirst(int iter(struct autr_ta**, uint8_t**, size_t*,
        size_t*), struct autr_ta* list)
{
        uint8_t* rr = NULL;
        size_t rr_len = 0, dname_len = 0;
        return iter(&list, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len);
}

/** number of elements in iterator list */
static size_t
assemble_iterate_count(int iter(struct autr_ta**, uint8_t**, size_t*,
        size_t*), struct autr_ta* list)
{
        uint8_t* rr = NULL;
        size_t i = 0, rr_len = 0, dname_len = 0;
        while(iter(&list, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len)) {
                i++;
        }
        return i;
}

/**
 * Create a ub_packed_rrset_key allocated on the heap.
 * It therefore does not have the correct ID value, and cannot be used
 * inside the cache.  It can be used in storage outside of the cache.
 * Keys for the cache have to be obtained from alloc.h .
 * @param iter: iterator over the elements in the list.  It filters elements.
 * @param list: the list.
 * @return key allocated or NULL on failure.
 */
static struct ub_packed_rrset_key* 
ub_packed_rrset_heap_key(int iter(struct autr_ta**, uint8_t**, size_t*,
        size_t*), struct autr_ta* list)
{
        uint8_t* rr = NULL;
        size_t rr_len = 0, dname_len = 0;
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* k;
        if(!iter(&list, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len))
                return NULL;
        k = (struct ub_packed_rrset_key*)calloc(1, sizeof(*k));
        if(!k)
                return NULL;
        k->rk.type = htons(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len));
        k->rk.rrset_class = htons(sldns_wirerr_get_class(rr, rr_len, dname_len));
        k->rk.dname_len = dname_len;
        k->rk.dname = memdup(rr, dname_len);
        if(!k->rk.dname) {
                free(k);
                return NULL;
        }
        return k;
}

/**
 * Create packed_rrset data on the heap.
 * @param iter: iterator over the elements in the list.  It filters elements.
 * @param list: the list.
 * @return data allocated or NULL on failure.
 */
static struct packed_rrset_data* 
packed_rrset_heap_data(int iter(struct autr_ta**, uint8_t**, size_t*,
        size_t*), struct autr_ta* list)
{
        uint8_t* rr = NULL;
        size_t rr_len = 0, dname_len = 0;
        struct packed_rrset_data* data;
        size_t count=0, rrsig_count=0, len=0, i, total;
        uint8_t* nextrdata;
        struct autr_ta* list_i;
        time_t ttl = 0;

        list_i = list;
        while(iter(&list_i, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len)) {
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(rr, rr_len, dname_len) ==
                        LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG)
                        rrsig_count++;
                else    count++;
                /* sizeof the rdlength + rdatalen */
                len += 2 + sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
                ttl = (time_t)sldns_wirerr_get_ttl(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
        }
        if(count == 0 && rrsig_count == 0)
                return NULL;

        /* allocate */
        total = count + rrsig_count;
        len += sizeof(*data) + total*(sizeof(size_t) + sizeof(time_t) + 
                sizeof(uint8_t*));
        data = (struct packed_rrset_data*)calloc(1, len);
        if(!data)
                return NULL;

        /* fill it */
        data->ttl = ttl;
        data->count = count;
        data->rrsig_count = rrsig_count;
        data->rr_len = (size_t*)((uint8_t*)data +
                sizeof(struct packed_rrset_data));
        data->rr_data = (uint8_t**)&(data->rr_len[total]);
        data->rr_ttl = (time_t*)&(data->rr_data[total]);
        nextrdata = (uint8_t*)&(data->rr_ttl[total]);

        /* fill out len, ttl, fields */
        list_i = list;
        i = 0;
        while(iter(&list_i, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len)) {
                data->rr_ttl[i] = (time_t)sldns_wirerr_get_ttl(rr, rr_len,
                        dname_len);
                if(data->rr_ttl[i] < data->ttl)
                        data->ttl = data->rr_ttl[i];
                data->rr_len[i] = 2 /* the rdlength */ +
                        sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
                i++;
        }

        /* fixup rest of ptrs */
        for(i=0; i<total; i++) {
                data->rr_data[i] = nextrdata;
                nextrdata += data->rr_len[i];
        }

        /* copy data in there */
        list_i = list;
        i = 0;
        while(iter(&list_i, &rr, &rr_len, &dname_len)) {
                log_assert(data->rr_data[i]);
                memmove(data->rr_data[i],
                        sldns_wirerr_get_rdatawl(rr, rr_len, dname_len),
                        data->rr_len[i]);
                i++;
        }

        if(data->rrsig_count && data->count == 0) {
                data->count = data->rrsig_count; /* rrset type is RRSIG */
                data->rrsig_count = 0;
        }
        return data;
}

/**
 * Assemble the trust anchors into DS and DNSKEY packed rrsets.
 * Uses only VALID and MISSING DNSKEYs.
 * Read the sldns_rrs and builds packed rrsets
 * @param tp: the trust point. Must be locked.
 * @return false on malloc failure.
 */
static int 
autr_assemble(struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* ubds=NULL, *ubdnskey=NULL;

        /* make packed rrset keys - malloced with no ID number, they
         * are not in the cache */
        /* make packed rrset data (if there is a key) */
        if(assemble_iterate_hasfirst(assemble_iterate_ds, tp->autr->keys)) {
                ubds = ub_packed_rrset_heap_key(
                        assemble_iterate_ds, tp->autr->keys);
                if(!ubds)
                        goto error_cleanup;
                ubds->entry.data = packed_rrset_heap_data(
                        assemble_iterate_ds, tp->autr->keys);
                if(!ubds->entry.data)
                        goto error_cleanup;
        }

        /* make packed DNSKEY data */
        if(assemble_iterate_hasfirst(assemble_iterate_dnskey, tp->autr->keys)) {
                ubdnskey = ub_packed_rrset_heap_key(
                        assemble_iterate_dnskey, tp->autr->keys);
                if(!ubdnskey)
                        goto error_cleanup;
                ubdnskey->entry.data = packed_rrset_heap_data(
                        assemble_iterate_dnskey, tp->autr->keys);
                if(!ubdnskey->entry.data) {
                error_cleanup:
                        autr_rrset_delete(ubds);
                        autr_rrset_delete(ubdnskey);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        /* we have prepared the new keys so nothing can go wrong any more.
         * And we are sure we cannot be left without trustanchor after
         * any errors. Put in the new keys and remove old ones. */

        /* free the old data */
        autr_rrset_delete(tp->ds_rrset);
        autr_rrset_delete(tp->dnskey_rrset);

        /* assign the data to replace the old */
        tp->ds_rrset = ubds;
        tp->dnskey_rrset = ubdnskey;
        tp->numDS = assemble_iterate_count(assemble_iterate_ds,
                tp->autr->keys);
        tp->numDNSKEY = assemble_iterate_count(assemble_iterate_dnskey,
                tp->autr->keys);
        return 1;
}

/** parse integer */
static unsigned int
parse_int(char* line, int* ret)
{
        char *e;
        unsigned int x = (unsigned int)strtol(line, &e, 10);
        if(line == e) {
                *ret = -1; /* parse error */
                return 0; 
        }
        *ret = 1; /* matched */
        return x;
}

/** parse id sequence for anchor */
static struct trust_anchor*
parse_id(struct val_anchors* anchors, char* line)
{
        struct trust_anchor *tp;
        int r;
        uint16_t dclass;
        uint8_t* dname;
        size_t dname_len;
        /* read the owner name */
        char* next = strchr(line, ' ');
        if(!next)
                return NULL;
        next[0] = 0;
        dname = sldns_str2wire_dname(line, &dname_len);
        if(!dname)
                return NULL;

        /* read the class */
        dclass = parse_int(next+1, &r);
        if(r == -1) {
                free(dname);
                return NULL;
        }

        /* find the trust point */
        tp = autr_tp_create(anchors, dname, dname_len, dclass);
        free(dname);
        return tp;
}

/** 
 * Parse variable from trustanchor header 
 * @param line: to parse
 * @param anchors: the anchor is added to this, if "id:" is seen.
 * @param anchor: the anchor as result value or previously returned anchor
 *      value to read the variable lines into.
 * @return: 0 no match, -1 failed syntax error, +1 success line read.
 *      +2 revoked trust anchor file.
 */
static int
parse_var_line(char* line, struct val_anchors* anchors, 
        struct trust_anchor** anchor)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp = *anchor;
        int r = 0;
        if(strncmp(line, ";;id: ", 6) == 0) {
                *anchor = parse_id(anchors, line+6);
                if(!*anchor) return -1;
                else return 1;
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;REVOKED", 9) == 0) {
                if(tp) {
                        log_err("REVOKED statement must be at start of file");
                        return -1;
                }
                return 2;
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;last_queried: ", 16) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                tp->autr->last_queried = (time_t)parse_int(line+16, &r);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;last_success: ", 16) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                tp->autr->last_success = (time_t)parse_int(line+16, &r);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;next_probe_time: ", 19) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&anchors->lock);
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                (void)rbtree_delete(&anchors->autr->probe, tp);
                tp->autr->next_probe_time = (time_t)parse_int(line+19, &r);
                (void)rbtree_insert(&anchors->autr->probe, &tp->autr->pnode);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;query_failed: ", 16) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                tp->autr->query_failed = (uint8_t)parse_int(line+16, &r);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;query_interval: ", 18) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                tp->autr->query_interval = (time_t)parse_int(line+18, &r);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        } else if(strncmp(line, ";;retry_time: ", 14) == 0) {
                if(!tp) return -1;
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                tp->autr->retry_time = (time_t)parse_int(line+14, &r);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        }
        return r;
}

/** handle origin lines */
static int
handle_origin(char* line, uint8_t** origin, size_t* origin_len)
{
        size_t len = 0;
        while(isspace((unsigned char)*line))
                line++;
        if(strncmp(line, "$ORIGIN", 7) != 0)
                return 0;
        free(*origin);
        line += 7;
        while(isspace((unsigned char)*line))
                line++;
        *origin = sldns_str2wire_dname(line, &len);
        *origin_len = len;
        if(!*origin)
                log_warn("malloc failure or parse error in $ORIGIN");
        return 1;
}

/** Read one line and put multiline RRs onto one line string */
static int
read_multiline(char* buf, size_t len, FILE* in, int* linenr)
{
        char* pos = buf;
        size_t left = len;
        int depth = 0;
        buf[len-1] = 0;
        while(left > 0 && fgets(pos, (int)left, in) != NULL) {
                size_t i, poslen = strlen(pos);
                (*linenr)++;

                /* check what the new depth is after the line */
                /* this routine cannot handle braces inside quotes,
                   say for TXT records, but this routine only has to read keys */
                for(i=0; i<poslen; i++) {
                        if(pos[i] == '(') {
                                depth++;
                        } else if(pos[i] == ')') {
                                if(depth == 0) {
                                        log_err("mismatch: too many ')'");
                                        return -1;
                                }
                                depth--;
                        } else if(pos[i] == ';') {
                                break;
                        }
                }

                /* normal oneline or last line: keeps newline and comments */
                if(depth == 0) {
                        return 1;
                }

                /* more lines expected, snip off comments and newline */
                if(poslen>0) 
                        pos[poslen-1] = 0; /* strip newline */
                if(strchr(pos, ';')) 
                        strchr(pos, ';')[0] = 0; /* strip comments */

                /* move to paste other lines behind this one */
                poslen = strlen(pos);
                pos += poslen;
                left -= poslen;
                /* the newline is changed into a space */
                if(left <= 2 /* space and eos */) {
                        log_err("line too long");
                        return -1;
                }
                pos[0] = ' ';
                pos[1] = 0;
                pos += 1;
                left -= 1;
        }
        if(depth != 0) {
                log_err("mismatch: too many '('");
                return -1;
        }
        if(pos != buf)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

int autr_read_file(struct val_anchors* anchors, const char* nm)
{
        /* the file descriptor */
        FILE* fd;
        /* keep track of line numbers */
        int line_nr = 0;
        /* single line */
        char line[10240];
        /* trust point being read */
        struct trust_anchor *tp = NULL, *tp2;
        int r;
        /* for $ORIGIN parsing */
        uint8_t *origin=NULL, *prev=NULL;
        size_t origin_len=0, prev_len=0;

        if (!(fd = fopen(nm, "r"))) {
                log_err("unable to open %s for reading: %s", 
                        nm, strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "reading autotrust anchor file %s", nm);
        while ( (r=read_multiline(line, sizeof(line), fd, &line_nr)) != 0) {
                if(r == -1 || (r = parse_var_line(line, anchors, &tp)) == -1) {
                        log_err("could not parse auto-trust-anchor-file "
                                "%s line %d", nm, line_nr);
                        fclose(fd);
                        free(origin);
                        free(prev);
                        return 0;
                } else if(r == 1) {
                        continue;
                } else if(r == 2) {
                        log_warn("trust anchor %s has been revoked", nm);
                        fclose(fd);
                        free(origin);
                        free(prev);
                        return 1;
                }
                if (!str_contains_data(line, ';'))
                        continue; /* empty lines allowed */
                if(handle_origin(line, &origin, &origin_len))
                        continue;
                r = 0;
                if(!(tp2=load_trustanchor(anchors, line, nm, origin,
                        origin_len, &prev, &prev_len, &r))) {
                        if(!r) log_err("failed to load trust anchor from %s "
                                "at line %i, skipping", nm, line_nr);
                        /* try to do the rest */
                        continue;
                }
                if(tp && tp != tp2) {
                        log_err("file %s has mismatching data inside: "
                                "the file may only contain keys for one name, "
                                "remove keys for other domain names", nm);
                        fclose(fd);
                        free(origin);
                        free(prev);
                        return 0;
                }
                tp = tp2;
        }
        fclose(fd);
        free(origin);
        free(prev);
        if(!tp) {
                log_err("failed to read %s", nm);
                return 0;
        }

        /* now assemble the data into DNSKEY and DS packed rrsets */
        lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
        if(!autr_assemble(tp)) {
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                log_err("malloc failure assembling %s", nm);
                return 0;
        }
        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        return 1;
}

/** string for a trustanchor state */
static const char*
trustanchor_state2str(autr_state_type s)
{
        switch (s) {
                case AUTR_STATE_START:       return "  START  ";
                case AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND:     return " ADDPEND ";
                case AUTR_STATE_VALID:       return "  VALID  ";
                case AUTR_STATE_MISSING:     return " MISSING ";
                case AUTR_STATE_REVOKED:     return " REVOKED ";
                case AUTR_STATE_REMOVED:     return " REMOVED ";
        }
        return " UNKNOWN ";
}

/** ctime r for autotrust */
static char* autr_ctime_r(time_t* t, char* s)
{
        if (ctime_r(t, s) == NULL) {
                s[0] = '?';
                s[1] = '\n';
                s[2] = '\0';
        }
#ifdef USE_WINSOCK
        if(strlen(s) > 10 && s[7]==' ' && s[8]=='0')
                s[8]=' '; /* fix error in windows ctime */
#endif
        return s;
}

/** print ID to file */
static int
print_id(FILE* out, char* fname, uint8_t* nm, size_t nmlen, uint16_t dclass)
{
        char* s = sldns_wire2str_dname(nm, nmlen);
        if(!s) {
                log_err("malloc failure in write to %s", fname);
                return 0;
        }
        if(fprintf(out, ";;id: %s %d\n", s, (int)dclass) < 0) {
                log_err("could not write to %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
                free(s);
                return 0;
        }
        free(s);
        return 1;
}

static int
autr_write_contents(FILE* out, char* fn, struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        char tmi[32];
        struct autr_ta* ta;
        char* str;

        /* write pretty header */
        if(fprintf(out, "; autotrust trust anchor file\n") < 0) {
                log_err("could not write to %s: %s", fn, strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }
        if(tp->autr->revoked) {
                if(fprintf(out, ";;REVOKED\n") < 0 ||
                   fprintf(out, "; The zone has all keys revoked, and is\n"
                        "; considered as if it has no trust anchors.\n"
                        "; the remainder of the file is the last probe.\n"
                        "; to restart the trust anchor, overwrite this file.\n"
                        "; with one containing valid DNSKEYs or DSes.\n") < 0) {
                   log_err("could not write to %s: %s", fn, strerror(errno));
                   return 0;
                }
        }
        if(!print_id(out, fn, tp->name, tp->namelen, tp->dclass)) {
                return 0;
        }
        if(fprintf(out, ";;last_queried: %u ;;%s", 
                (unsigned int)tp->autr->last_queried, 
                autr_ctime_r(&(tp->autr->last_queried), tmi)) < 0 ||
           fprintf(out, ";;last_success: %u ;;%s", 
                (unsigned int)tp->autr->last_success,
                autr_ctime_r(&(tp->autr->last_success), tmi)) < 0 ||
           fprintf(out, ";;next_probe_time: %u ;;%s", 
                (unsigned int)tp->autr->next_probe_time,
                autr_ctime_r(&(tp->autr->next_probe_time), tmi)) < 0 ||
           fprintf(out, ";;query_failed: %d\n", (int)tp->autr->query_failed)<0
           || fprintf(out, ";;query_interval: %d\n", 
           (int)tp->autr->query_interval) < 0 ||
           fprintf(out, ";;retry_time: %d\n", (int)tp->autr->retry_time) < 0) {
                log_err("could not write to %s: %s", fn, strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }

        /* write anchors */
        for(ta=tp->autr->keys; ta; ta=ta->next) {
                /* by default do not store START and REMOVED keys */
                if(ta->s == AUTR_STATE_START)
                        continue;
                if(ta->s == AUTR_STATE_REMOVED)
                        continue;
                /* only store keys */
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len)
                        != LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY)
                        continue;
                str = sldns_wire2str_rr(ta->rr, ta->rr_len);
                if(!str || !str[0]) {
                        free(str);
                        log_err("malloc failure writing %s", fn);
                        return 0;
                }
                str[strlen(str)-1] = 0; /* remove newline */
                if(fprintf(out, "%s ;;state=%d [%s] ;;count=%d "
                        ";;lastchange=%u ;;%s", str, (int)ta->s, 
                        trustanchor_state2str(ta->s), (int)ta->pending_count,
                        (unsigned int)ta->last_change, 
                        autr_ctime_r(&(ta->last_change), tmi)) < 0) {
                   log_err("could not write to %s: %s", fn, strerror(errno));
                   free(str);
                   return 0;
                }
                free(str);
        }
        return 1;
}

void autr_write_file(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        FILE* out;
        char* fname = tp->autr->file;
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
        long long llvalue;
#endif
        char tempf[2048];
        log_assert(tp->autr);
        if(!env) {
                log_err("autr_write_file: Module environment is NULL.");
                return;
        }
        /* unique name with pid number, thread number, and struct pointer
         * (the pointer uniquifies for multiple libunbound contexts) */
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
#if defined(SIZE_MAX) && defined(UINT32_MAX) && (UINT32_MAX == SIZE_MAX || INT32_MAX == SIZE_MAX)
        /* avoid warning about upcast on 32bit systems */
        llvalue = (unsigned long)tp;
#else
        llvalue = (unsigned long long)tp;
#endif
        snprintf(tempf, sizeof(tempf), "%s.%d-%d-" ARG_LL "x", fname, (int)getpid(),
                env->worker?*(int*)env->worker:0, llvalue);
#endif /* S_SPLINT_S */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: write to disk: %s", tempf);
        out = fopen(tempf, "w");
        if(!out) {
                fatal_exit("could not open autotrust file for writing, %s: %s",
                        tempf, strerror(errno));
                return;
        }
        if(!autr_write_contents(out, tempf, tp)) {
                /* failed to write contents (completely) */
                fclose(out);
                unlink(tempf);
                fatal_exit("could not completely write: %s", fname);
                return;
        }
        if(fflush(out) != 0)
                log_err("could not fflush(%s): %s", fname, strerror(errno));
#ifdef HAVE_FSYNC
        if(fsync(fileno(out)) != 0)
                log_err("could not fsync(%s): %s", fname, strerror(errno));
#else
        FlushFileBuffers((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(_fileno(out)));
#endif
        if(fclose(out) != 0) {
                fatal_exit("could not complete write: %s: %s",
                        fname, strerror(errno));
                unlink(tempf);
                return;
        }
        /* success; overwrite actual file */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: replaced %s", fname);
#ifdef UB_ON_WINDOWS
        (void)unlink(fname); /* windows does not replace file with rename() */
#endif
        if(rename(tempf, fname) < 0) {
                fatal_exit("rename(%s to %s): %s", tempf, fname, strerror(errno));
        }
}

/** 
 * Verify if dnskey works for trust point 
 * @param env: environment (with time) for verification
 * @param ve: validator environment (with options) for verification.
 * @param tp: trust point to verify with
 * @param rrset: DNSKEY rrset to verify.
 * @param qstate: qstate with region.
 * @return false on failure, true if verification successful.
 */
static int
verify_dnskey(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
        struct trust_anchor* tp, struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset,
        struct module_qstate* qstate)
{
        char reasonbuf[256];
        char* reason = NULL;
        uint8_t sigalg[ALGO_NEEDS_MAX+1];
        int downprot = env->cfg->harden_algo_downgrade;
        enum sec_status sec = val_verify_DNSKEY_with_TA(env, ve, rrset,
                tp->ds_rrset, tp->dnskey_rrset, downprot?sigalg:NULL, &reason,
                NULL, qstate, reasonbuf, sizeof(reasonbuf));
        /* sigalg is ignored, it returns algorithms signalled to exist, but
         * in 5011 there are no other rrsets to check.  if downprot is
         * enabled, then it checks that the DNSKEY is signed with all
         * algorithms available in the trust store. */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: validate DNSKEY with anchor: %s",
                sec_status_to_string(sec));
        return sec == sec_status_secure;
}

static int32_t
rrsig_get_expiry(uint8_t* d, size_t len)
{
        /* rrsig: 2(rdlen), 2(type) 1(alg) 1(v) 4(origttl), then 4(expi), (4)incep) */
        if(len < 2+8+4)
                return 0;
        return sldns_read_uint32(d+2+8);
}

/** Find minimum expiration interval from signatures */
static time_t
min_expiry(struct module_env* env, struct packed_rrset_data* dd)
{
        size_t i;
        int32_t t, r = 15 * 24 * 3600; /* 15 days max */
        for(i=dd->count; i<dd->count+dd->rrsig_count; i++) {
                t = rrsig_get_expiry(dd->rr_data[i], dd->rr_len[i]);
                if((int32_t)t - (int32_t)*env->now > 0) {
                        t -= (int32_t)*env->now;
                        if(t < r)
                                r = t;
                }
        }
        return (time_t)r;
}

/** Is rr self-signed revoked key */
static int
rr_is_selfsigned_revoked(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset, size_t i,
        struct module_qstate* qstate)
{
        enum sec_status sec;
        char* reason = NULL;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "seen REVOKE flag, check self-signed, rr %d",
                (int)i);
        /* no algorithm downgrade protection necessary, if it is selfsigned
         * revoked it can be removed. */
        sec = dnskey_verify_rrset(env, ve, dnskey_rrset, dnskey_rrset, i, 
                &reason, NULL, LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER, qstate);
        return (sec == sec_status_secure);
}

/** Set fetched value */
static void
seen_trustanchor(struct autr_ta* ta, uint8_t seen)
{
        ta->fetched = seen;
        if(ta->pending_count < 250) /* no numerical overflow, please */
                ta->pending_count++;
}

/** set revoked value */
static void
seen_revoked_trustanchor(struct autr_ta* ta, uint8_t revoked)
{
        ta->revoked = revoked;
}

/** revoke a trust anchor */
static void
revoke_dnskey(struct autr_ta* ta, int off)
{
        uint16_t flags;
        uint8_t* data;
        if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len) !=
                LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY)
                return;
        if(sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len) < 2)
                return;
        data = sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len);
        flags = sldns_read_uint16(data);
        if (off && (flags&LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY))
                flags ^= LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY; /* flip */
        else
                flags |= LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY;
        sldns_write_uint16(data, flags);
}

/** Compare two RRs skipping the REVOKED bit. Pass rdata(no len) */
static int
dnskey_compare_skip_revbit(uint8_t* a, size_t a_len, uint8_t* b, size_t b_len)
{
        size_t i;
        if(a_len != b_len)
                return -1;
        /* compare RRs RDATA byte for byte. */
        for(i = 0; i < a_len; i++)
        {
                uint8_t rdf1, rdf2;
                rdf1 = a[i];
                rdf2 = b[i];
                if(i==1) {
                        /* this is the second part of the flags field */
                        rdf1 |= LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY;
                        rdf2 |= LDNS_KEY_REVOKE_KEY;
                }
                if (rdf1 < rdf2)        return -1;
                else if (rdf1 > rdf2)   return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}


/** compare trust anchor with rdata, 0 if equal. Pass rdata(no len) */
static int
ta_compare(struct autr_ta* a, uint16_t t, uint8_t* b, size_t b_len)
{
        if(!a) return -1;
        else if(!b) return -1;
        else if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(a->rr, a->rr_len, a->dname_len) != t)
                return (int)sldns_wirerr_get_type(a->rr, a->rr_len,
                        a->dname_len) - (int)t;
        else if(t == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY) {
                return dnskey_compare_skip_revbit(
                        sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(a->rr, a->rr_len, a->dname_len),
                        sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(a->rr, a->rr_len,
                        a->dname_len), b, b_len);
        }
        else if(t == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DS) {
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(a->rr, a->rr_len, a->dname_len) !=
                        b_len)
                        return -1;
                return memcmp(sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(a->rr,
                        a->rr_len, a->dname_len), b, b_len);
        }
        return -1;
}

/** 
 * Find key
 * @param tp: to search in
 * @param t: rr type of the rdata.
 * @param rdata: to look for  (no rdatalen in it)
 * @param rdata_len: length of rdata
 * @param result: returns NULL or the ta key looked for.
 * @return false on malloc failure during search. if true examine result.
 */
static int
find_key(struct trust_anchor* tp, uint16_t t, uint8_t* rdata, size_t rdata_len,
        struct autr_ta** result)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta;
        if(!tp || !rdata) {
                *result = NULL;
                return 0;
        }
        for(ta=tp->autr->keys; ta; ta=ta->next) {
                if(ta_compare(ta, t, rdata, rdata_len) == 0) {
                        *result = ta;
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        *result = NULL;
        return 1;
}

/** add key and clone RR and tp already locked. rdata without rdlen. */
static struct autr_ta*
add_key(struct trust_anchor* tp, uint32_t ttl, uint8_t* rdata, size_t rdata_len)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta;
        uint8_t* rr;
        size_t rr_len, dname_len;
        uint16_t rrtype = htons(LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY);
        uint16_t rrclass = htons(LDNS_RR_CLASS_IN);
        uint16_t rdlen = htons(rdata_len);
        dname_len = tp->namelen;
        ttl = htonl(ttl);
        rr_len = dname_len + 10 /* type,class,ttl,rdatalen */ + rdata_len;
        rr = (uint8_t*)malloc(rr_len);
        if(!rr) return NULL;
        memmove(rr, tp->name, tp->namelen);
        memmove(rr+dname_len, &rrtype, 2);
        memmove(rr+dname_len+2, &rrclass, 2);
        memmove(rr+dname_len+4, &ttl, 4);
        memmove(rr+dname_len+8, &rdlen, 2);
        memmove(rr+dname_len+10, rdata, rdata_len);
        ta = autr_ta_create(rr, rr_len, dname_len);
        if(!ta) {
                /* rr freed in autr_ta_create */
                return NULL;
        }
        /* link in, tp already locked */
        ta->next = tp->autr->keys;
        tp->autr->keys = ta;
        return ta;
}

/** get TTL from DNSKEY rrset */
static time_t
key_ttl(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* k)
{
        struct packed_rrset_data* d = (struct packed_rrset_data*)k->entry.data;
        return d->ttl;
}

/** update the time values for the trustpoint */
static void
set_tp_times(struct trust_anchor* tp, time_t rrsig_exp_interval, 
        time_t origttl, int* changed)
{
        time_t x, qi = tp->autr->query_interval, rt = tp->autr->retry_time;
        
        /* x = MIN(15days, ttl/2, expire/2) */
        x = 15 * 24 * 3600;
        if(origttl/2 < x)
                x = origttl/2;
        if(rrsig_exp_interval/2 < x)
                x = rrsig_exp_interval/2;
        /* MAX(1hr, x) */
        if(!autr_permit_small_holddown) {
                if(x < 3600)
                        tp->autr->query_interval = 3600;
                else    tp->autr->query_interval = x;
        }       else    tp->autr->query_interval = x;

        /* x= MIN(1day, ttl/10, expire/10) */
        x = 24 * 3600;
        if(origttl/10 < x)
                x = origttl/10;
        if(rrsig_exp_interval/10 < x)
                x = rrsig_exp_interval/10;
        /* MAX(1hr, x) */
        if(!autr_permit_small_holddown) {
                if(x < 3600)
                        tp->autr->retry_time = 3600;
                else    tp->autr->retry_time = x;
        }       else    tp->autr->retry_time = x;

        if(qi != tp->autr->query_interval || rt != tp->autr->retry_time) {
                *changed = 1;
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "orig_ttl is %d", (int)origttl);
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "rrsig_exp_interval is %d", 
                        (int)rrsig_exp_interval);
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "query_interval: %d, retry_time: %d",
                        (int)tp->autr->query_interval, 
                        (int)tp->autr->retry_time);
        }
}

/** init events to zero */
static void
init_events(struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta;
        for(ta=tp->autr->keys; ta; ta=ta->next) {
                ta->fetched = 0;
        }
}

/** check for revoked keys without trusting any other information */
static void
check_contains_revoked(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
        struct trust_anchor* tp, struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset,
        int* changed, struct module_qstate* qstate)
{
        struct packed_rrset_data* dd = (struct packed_rrset_data*)
                dnskey_rrset->entry.data;
        size_t i;
        log_assert(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type) == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY);
        for(i=0; i<dd->count; i++) {
                struct autr_ta* ta = NULL;
                if(!rr_is_dnskey_sep(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2) ||
                        !rr_is_dnskey_revoked(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2))
                        continue; /* not a revoked KSK */
                if(!find_key(tp, ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2, &ta)) {
                        log_err("malloc failure");
                        continue; /* malloc fail in compare*/
                }
                if(!ta)
                        continue; /* key not found */
                if(rr_is_selfsigned_revoked(env, ve, dnskey_rrset, i, qstate)) {
                        /* checked if there is an rrsig signed by this key. */
                        /* same keytag, but stored can be revoked already, so 
                         * compare keytags, with +0 or +128(REVOKE flag) */
                        log_assert(dnskey_calc_keytag(dnskey_rrset, i)-128 ==
                                sldns_calc_keytag_raw(sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(
                                ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len),
                                sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(ta->rr, ta->rr_len,
                                ta->dname_len)) ||
                                dnskey_calc_keytag(dnskey_rrset, i) ==
                                sldns_calc_keytag_raw(sldns_wirerr_get_rdata(
                                ta->rr, ta->rr_len, ta->dname_len),
                                sldns_wirerr_get_rdatalen(ta->rr, ta->rr_len,
                                ta->dname_len))); /* checks conversion*/
                        verbose_key(ta, VERB_ALGO, "is self-signed revoked");
                        if(!ta->revoked) 
                                *changed = 1;
                        seen_revoked_trustanchor(ta, 1);
                        do_revoked(env, ta, changed);
                }
        }
}

/** See if a DNSKEY is verified by one of the DSes */
static int
key_matches_a_ds(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset, size_t key_idx,
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* ds_rrset)
{
        struct packed_rrset_data* dd = (struct packed_rrset_data*)
                        ds_rrset->entry.data;
        size_t ds_idx, num = dd->count;
        int d = val_favorite_ds_algo(ds_rrset);
        char* reason = "";
        for(ds_idx=0; ds_idx<num; ds_idx++) {
                if(!ds_digest_algo_is_supported(ds_rrset, ds_idx) ||
                        !ds_key_algo_is_supported(ds_rrset, ds_idx) ||
                        !dnskey_size_is_supported(dnskey_rrset, key_idx) ||
                        ds_get_digest_algo(ds_rrset, ds_idx) != d)
                        continue;
                if(ds_get_key_algo(ds_rrset, ds_idx)
                   != dnskey_get_algo(dnskey_rrset, key_idx)
                   || dnskey_calc_keytag(dnskey_rrset, key_idx)
                   != ds_get_keytag(ds_rrset, ds_idx)) {
                        continue;
                }
                if(!ds_digest_match_dnskey(env, dnskey_rrset, key_idx,
                        ds_rrset, ds_idx)) {
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "DS match attempt failed");
                        continue;
                }
                /* match of hash is sufficient for bootstrap of trust point */
                (void)reason;
                (void)ve;
                return 1;
                /* no need to check RRSIG, DS hash already matched with source
                if(dnskey_verify_rrset(env, ve, dnskey_rrset, 
                        dnskey_rrset, key_idx, &reason) == sec_status_secure) {
                        return 1;
                } else {
                        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "DS match failed because the key "
                                "does not verify the keyset: %s", reason);
                }
                */
        }
        return 0;
}

/** Set update events */
static int
update_events(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve, 
        struct trust_anchor* tp, struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset, 
        int* changed)
{
        struct packed_rrset_data* dd = (struct packed_rrset_data*)
                dnskey_rrset->entry.data;
        size_t i;
        log_assert(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type) == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY);
        init_events(tp);
        for(i=0; i<dd->count; i++) {
                struct autr_ta* ta = NULL;
                if(!rr_is_dnskey_sep(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2))
                        continue;
                if(rr_is_dnskey_revoked(ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2)) {
                        /* self-signed revoked keys already detected before,
                         * other revoked keys are not 'added' again */
                        continue;
                }
                /* is a key of this type supported?. Note rr_list and
                 * packed_rrset are in the same order. */
                if(!dnskey_algo_is_supported(dnskey_rrset, i) ||
                        !dnskey_size_is_supported(dnskey_rrset, i)) {
                        /* skip unknown algorithm key, it is useless to us */
                        log_nametypeclass(VERB_DETAIL, "trust point has "
                                "unsupported algorithm at", 
                                tp->name, LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY, tp->dclass);
                        continue;
                }

                /* is it new? if revocation bit set, find the unrevoked key */
                if(!find_key(tp, ntohs(dnskey_rrset->rk.type),
                        dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2, &ta)) {
                        return 0;
                }
                if(!ta) {
                        ta = add_key(tp, (uint32_t)dd->rr_ttl[i],
                                dd->rr_data[i]+2, dd->rr_len[i]-2);
                        *changed = 1;
                        /* first time seen, do we have DSes? if match: VALID */
                        if(ta && tp->ds_rrset && key_matches_a_ds(env, ve,
                                dnskey_rrset, i, tp->ds_rrset)) {
                                verbose_key(ta, VERB_ALGO, "verified by DS");
                                ta->s = AUTR_STATE_VALID;
                        }
                }
                if(!ta) {
                        return 0;
                }
                seen_trustanchor(ta, 1);
                verbose_key(ta, VERB_ALGO, "in DNS response");
        }
        set_tp_times(tp, min_expiry(env, dd), key_ttl(dnskey_rrset), changed);
        return 1;
}

/**
 * Check if the holddown time has already exceeded
 * setting: add-holddown: add holddown timer
 * setting: del-holddown: del holddown timer
 * @param env: environment with current time
 * @param ta: trust anchor to check for.
 * @param holddown: the timer value
 * @return number of seconds the holddown has passed.
 */
static time_t
check_holddown(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* ta,
        unsigned int holddown)
{
        time_t elapsed;
        if(*env->now < ta->last_change) {
                log_warn("time goes backwards. delaying key holddown");
                return 0;
        }
        elapsed = *env->now - ta->last_change;
        if (elapsed > (time_t)holddown) {
                return elapsed-(time_t)holddown;
        }
        verbose_key(ta, VERB_ALGO, "holddown time " ARG_LL "d seconds to go",
                (long long) ((time_t)holddown-elapsed));
        return 0;
}


/** Set last_change to now */
static void
reset_holddown(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* ta, int* changed)
{
        ta->last_change = *env->now;
        *changed = 1;
}

/** Set the state for this trust anchor */
static void
set_trustanchor_state(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* ta, int* changed,
        autr_state_type s)
{
        verbose_key(ta, VERB_ALGO, "update: %s to %s",
                trustanchor_state2str(ta->s), trustanchor_state2str(s));
        ta->s = s;
        reset_holddown(env, ta, changed);
}


/** Event: NewKey */
static void
do_newkey(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        if (anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_START)
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND);
}

/** Event: AddTime */
static void
do_addtime(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        /* This not according to RFC, this is 30 days, but the RFC demands 
         * MAX(30days, TTL expire time of first DNSKEY set with this key),
         * The value may be too small if a very large TTL was used. */
        time_t exceeded = check_holddown(env, anchor, env->cfg->add_holddown);
        if (exceeded && anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND) {
                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "add-holddown time exceeded "
                        ARG_LL "d seconds ago, and pending-count %d",
                        (long long)exceeded, anchor->pending_count);
                if(anchor->pending_count >= MIN_PENDINGCOUNT) {
                        set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_VALID);
                        anchor->pending_count = 0;
                        return;
                }
                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "add-holddown time sanity check "
                        "failed (pending count: %d)", anchor->pending_count);
        }
}

/** Event: RemTime */
static void
do_remtime(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        time_t exceeded = check_holddown(env, anchor, env->cfg->del_holddown);
        if(exceeded && anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_REVOKED) {
                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "del-holddown time exceeded "
                        ARG_LL "d seconds ago", (long long)exceeded);
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_REMOVED);
        }
}

/** Event: KeyRem */
static void
do_keyrem(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        if(anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND) {
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_START);
                anchor->pending_count = 0;
        } else if(anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_VALID)
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_MISSING);
}

/** Event: KeyPres */
static void
do_keypres(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        if(anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_MISSING)
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_VALID);
}

/* Event: Revoked */
static void
do_revoked(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        if(anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_VALID || anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_MISSING) {
                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, c, AUTR_STATE_REVOKED);
                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "old id, prior to revocation");
                revoke_dnskey(anchor, 0);
                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "new id, after revocation");
        }
}

/** Do statestable transition matrix for anchor */
static void
anchor_state_update(struct module_env* env, struct autr_ta* anchor, int* c)
{
        log_assert(anchor);
        switch(anchor->s) {
        /* START */
        case AUTR_STATE_START:
                /* NewKey: ADDPEND */
                if (anchor->fetched)
                        do_newkey(env, anchor, c);
                break;
        /* ADDPEND */
        case AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND:
                /* KeyRem: START */
                if (!anchor->fetched)
                        do_keyrem(env, anchor, c);
                /* AddTime: VALID */
                else    do_addtime(env, anchor, c);
                break;
        /* VALID */
        case AUTR_STATE_VALID:
                /* RevBit: REVOKED */
                if (anchor->revoked)
                        do_revoked(env, anchor, c);
                /* KeyRem: MISSING */
                else if (!anchor->fetched)
                        do_keyrem(env, anchor, c);
                else if(!anchor->last_change) {
                        verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "first seen");
                        reset_holddown(env, anchor, c);
                }
                break;
        /* MISSING */
        case AUTR_STATE_MISSING:
                /* RevBit: REVOKED */
                if (anchor->revoked)
                        do_revoked(env, anchor, c);
                /* KeyPres */
                else if (anchor->fetched)
                        do_keypres(env, anchor, c);
                break;
        /* REVOKED */
        case AUTR_STATE_REVOKED:
                if (anchor->fetched)
                        reset_holddown(env, anchor, c);
                /* RemTime: REMOVED */
                else    do_remtime(env, anchor, c);
                break;
        /* REMOVED */
        case AUTR_STATE_REMOVED:
        default:
                break;
        }
}

/** if ZSK init then trust KSKs */
static int
init_zsk_to_ksk(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp, int* changed)
{
        /* search for VALID ZSKs */
        struct autr_ta* anchor;
        int validzsk = 0;
        int validksk = 0;
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                /* last_change test makes sure it was manually configured */
                if(sldns_wirerr_get_type(anchor->rr, anchor->rr_len,
                        anchor->dname_len) == LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY &&
                        anchor->last_change == 0 && 
                        !ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor) &&
                        anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_VALID)
                        validzsk++;
        }
        if(validzsk == 0)
                return 0;
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                if (ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor) && 
                        anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND) {
                        verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "trust KSK from "
                                "ZSK(config)");
                        set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, changed, 
                                AUTR_STATE_VALID);
                        validksk++;
                }
        }
        return validksk;
}

/** Remove missing trustanchors so the list does not grow forever */
static void
remove_missing_trustanchors(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp,
        int* changed)
{
        struct autr_ta* anchor;
        time_t exceeded;
        int valid = 0;
        /* see if we have anchors that are valid */
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                /* Only do KSKs */
                if (!ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor))
                        continue;
                if (anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_VALID)
                        valid++;
        }
        /* if there are no SEP Valid anchors, see if we started out with
         * a ZSK (last-change=0) anchor, which is VALID and there are KSKs
         * now that can be made valid.  Do this immediately because there
         * is no guarantee that the ZSKs get announced long enough.  Usually
         * this is immediately after init with a ZSK trusted, unless the domain
         * was not advertising any KSKs at all.  In which case we perfectly
         * track the zero number of KSKs. */
        if(valid == 0) {
                valid = init_zsk_to_ksk(env, tp, changed);
                if(valid == 0)
                        return;
        }
        
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                /* ignore ZSKs if newly added */
                if(anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_START)
                        continue;
                /* remove ZSKs if a KSK is present */
                if (!ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor)) {
                        if(valid > 0) {
                                verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "remove ZSK "
                                        "[%d key(s) VALID]", valid);
                                set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, changed, 
                                        AUTR_STATE_REMOVED);
                        }
                        continue;
                }
                /* Only do MISSING keys */
                if (anchor->s != AUTR_STATE_MISSING)
                        continue;
                if(env->cfg->keep_missing == 0)
                        continue; /* keep forever */

                exceeded = check_holddown(env, anchor, env->cfg->keep_missing);
                /* If keep_missing has exceeded and we still have more than 
                 * one valid KSK: remove missing trust anchor */
                if (exceeded && valid > 0) {
                        verbose_key(anchor, VERB_ALGO, "keep-missing time "
                                "exceeded " ARG_LL "d seconds ago, [%d key(s) VALID]",
                                (long long)exceeded, valid);
                        set_trustanchor_state(env, anchor, changed, 
                                AUTR_STATE_REMOVED);
                }
        }
}

/** Do the statetable from RFC5011 transition matrix */
static int
do_statetable(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp, int* changed)
{
        struct autr_ta* anchor;
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                /* Only do KSKs */
                if(!ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor))
                        continue;
                anchor_state_update(env, anchor, changed);
        }
        remove_missing_trustanchors(env, tp, changed);
        return 1;
}

/** See if time alone makes ADDPEND to VALID transition */
static void
autr_holddown_exceed(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp, int* c)
{
        struct autr_ta* anchor;
        for(anchor = tp->autr->keys; anchor; anchor = anchor->next) {
                if(ta_is_dnskey_sep(anchor) && 
                        anchor->s == AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND)
                        do_addtime(env, anchor, c);
        }
}

/** cleanup key list */
static void
autr_cleanup_keys(struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        struct autr_ta* p, **prevp;
        prevp = &tp->autr->keys;
        p = tp->autr->keys;
        while(p) {
                /* do we want to remove this key? */
                if(p->s == AUTR_STATE_START || p->s == AUTR_STATE_REMOVED ||
                        sldns_wirerr_get_type(p->rr, p->rr_len, p->dname_len)
                        != LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY) {
                        struct autr_ta* np = p->next;
                        /* remove */
                        free(p->rr);
                        free(p);
                        /* snip and go to next item */
                        *prevp = np;
                        p = np;
                        continue;
                }
                /* remove pending counts if no longer pending */
                if(p->s != AUTR_STATE_ADDPEND)
                        p->pending_count = 0;
                prevp = &p->next;
                p = p->next;
        }
}

/** calculate next probe time */
static time_t
calc_next_probe(struct module_env* env, time_t wait)
{
        /* make it random, 90-100% */
        time_t rnd, rest;
        if(!autr_permit_small_holddown) {
                if(wait < 3600)
                        wait = 3600;
        } else {
                if(wait == 0) wait = 1;
        }
        rnd = wait/10;
        rest = wait-rnd;
        rnd = (time_t)ub_random_max(env->rnd, (long int)rnd);
        return (time_t)(*env->now + rest + rnd);
}

/** what is first probe time (anchors must be locked) */
static time_t
wait_probe_time(struct val_anchors* anchors)
{
        rbnode_type* t = rbtree_first(&anchors->autr->probe);
        if(t != RBTREE_NULL) 
                return ((struct trust_anchor*)t->key)->autr->next_probe_time;
        return 0;
}

/** reset worker timer, at the time from wait_probe_time. */
static void
reset_worker_timer_at(struct module_env* env, time_t next)
{
        struct timeval tv;
#ifndef S_SPLINT_S
        /* in case this is libunbound, no timer */
        if(!env->probe_timer)
                return;
        if(next > *env->now)
                tv.tv_sec = (time_t)(next - *env->now);
        else    tv.tv_sec = 0;
#else
        (void)next;
#endif
        tv.tv_usec = 0;
        comm_timer_set(env->probe_timer, &tv);
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "scheduled next probe in " ARG_LL "d sec", (long long)tv.tv_sec);
}

/** reset worker timer. This routine manages the locks on acquiring the
 * next time for the timer. */
static void
reset_worker_timer(struct module_env* env)
{
        time_t next;
        if(!env->anchors)
                return;
        lock_basic_lock(&env->anchors->lock);
        next = wait_probe_time(env->anchors);
        lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);
        reset_worker_timer_at(env, next);
}

/** set next probe for trust anchor */
static int
set_next_probe(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp,
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset)
{
        struct trust_anchor key, *tp2;
        time_t mold, mnew;
        /* use memory allocated in rrset for temporary name storage */
        key.node.key = &key;
        key.name = dnskey_rrset->rk.dname;
        key.namelen = dnskey_rrset->rk.dname_len;
        key.namelabs = dname_count_labels(key.name);
        key.dclass = tp->dclass;
        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);

        /* fetch tp again and lock anchors, so that we can modify the trees */
        lock_basic_lock(&env->anchors->lock);
        tp2 = (struct trust_anchor*)rbtree_search(env->anchors->tree, &key);
        if(!tp2) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "trustpoint was deleted in set_next_probe");
                lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);
                return 0;
        }
        log_assert(tp == tp2);
        lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);

        /* schedule */
        mold = wait_probe_time(env->anchors);
        (void)rbtree_delete(&env->anchors->autr->probe, tp);
        tp->autr->next_probe_time = calc_next_probe(env, 
                tp->autr->query_interval);
        (void)rbtree_insert(&env->anchors->autr->probe, &tp->autr->pnode);
        mnew = wait_probe_time(env->anchors);

        lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "next probe set in %d seconds", 
                (int)tp->autr->next_probe_time - (int)*env->now);
        if(mold != mnew) {
                reset_worker_timer_at(env, mnew);
        }
        return 1;
}

/** Revoke and Delete a trust point */
static void
autr_tp_remove(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp,
        struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset)
{
        struct trust_anchor* del_tp;
        struct trust_anchor key;
        struct autr_point_data pd;
        time_t mold, mnew;

        log_nametypeclass(VERB_OPS, "trust point was revoked",
                tp->name, LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY, tp->dclass);
        tp->autr->revoked = 1;

        /* use space allocated for dnskey_rrset to save name of anchor */
        memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
        memset(&pd, 0, sizeof(pd));
        key.autr = &pd;
        key.node.key = &key;
        pd.pnode.key = &key;
        pd.next_probe_time = tp->autr->next_probe_time;
        key.name = dnskey_rrset->rk.dname;
        key.namelen = tp->namelen;
        key.namelabs = tp->namelabs;
        key.dclass = tp->dclass;

        /* unlock */
        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);

        /* take from tree. It could be deleted by someone else,hence (void). */
        lock_basic_lock(&env->anchors->lock);
        del_tp = (struct trust_anchor*)rbtree_delete(env->anchors->tree, &key);
        mold = wait_probe_time(env->anchors);
        (void)rbtree_delete(&env->anchors->autr->probe, &key);
        mnew = wait_probe_time(env->anchors);
        anchors_init_parents_locked(env->anchors);
        lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);

        /* if !del_tp then the trust point is no longer present in the tree,
         * it was deleted by someone else, who will write the zonefile and
         * clean up the structure */
        if(del_tp) {
                /* save on disk */
                del_tp->autr->next_probe_time = 0; /* no more probing for it */
                autr_write_file(env, del_tp);

                /* delete */
                autr_point_delete(del_tp);
        }
        if(mold != mnew) {
                reset_worker_timer_at(env, mnew);
        }
}

int autr_process_prime(struct module_env* env, struct val_env* ve,
        struct trust_anchor* tp, struct ub_packed_rrset_key* dnskey_rrset,
        struct module_qstate* qstate)
{
        int changed = 0;
        log_assert(tp && tp->autr);
        /* autotrust update trust anchors */
        /* the tp is locked, and stays locked unless it is deleted */

        /* we could just catch the anchor here while another thread
         * is busy deleting it. Just unlock and let the other do its job */
        if(tp->autr->revoked) {
                log_nametypeclass(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust not processed, "
                        "trust point revoked", tp->name, 
                        LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY, tp->dclass);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                return 0; /* it is revoked */
        }

        /* query_dnskeys(): */
        tp->autr->last_queried = *env->now;

        log_nametypeclass(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust process for",
                tp->name, LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY, tp->dclass);
        /* see if time alone makes some keys valid */
        autr_holddown_exceed(env, tp, &changed);
        if(changed) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: morekeys, reassemble");
                if(!autr_assemble(tp)) {
                        log_err("malloc failure assembling autotrust keys");
                        return 1; /* unchanged */
                }
        }
        /* did we get any data? */
        if(!dnskey_rrset) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: no dnskey rrset");
                /* no update of query_failed, because then we would have
                 * to write to disk. But we cannot because we maybe are
                 * still 'initializing' with DS records, that we cannot write
                 * in the full format (which only contains KSKs). */
                return 1; /* trust point exists */
        }
        /* check for revoked keys to remove immediately */
        check_contains_revoked(env, ve, tp, dnskey_rrset, &changed, qstate);
        if(changed) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: revokedkeys, reassemble");
                if(!autr_assemble(tp)) {
                        log_err("malloc failure assembling autotrust keys");
                        return 1; /* unchanged */
                }
                if(!tp->ds_rrset && !tp->dnskey_rrset) {
                        /* no more keys, all are revoked */
                        /* this is a success for this probe attempt */
                        tp->autr->last_success = *env->now;
                        autr_tp_remove(env, tp, dnskey_rrset);
                        return 0; /* trust point removed */
                }
        }
        /* verify the dnskey rrset and see if it is valid. */
        if(!verify_dnskey(env, ve, tp, dnskey_rrset, qstate)) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: dnskey did not verify.");
                /* only increase failure count if this is not the first prime,
                 * this means there was a previous successful probe */
                if(tp->autr->last_success) {
                        tp->autr->query_failed += 1;
                        autr_write_file(env, tp);
                }
                return 1; /* trust point exists */
        }

        tp->autr->last_success = *env->now;
        tp->autr->query_failed = 0;

        /* Add new trust anchors to the data structure
         * - note which trust anchors are seen this probe.
         * Set trustpoint query_interval and retry_time.
         * - find minimum rrsig expiration interval
         */
        if(!update_events(env, ve, tp, dnskey_rrset, &changed)) {
                log_err("malloc failure in autotrust update_events. "
                        "trust point unchanged.");
                return 1; /* trust point unchanged, so exists */
        }

        /* - for every SEP key do the 5011 statetable.
         * - remove missing trustanchors (if veryold and we have new anchors).
         */
        if(!do_statetable(env, tp, &changed)) {
                log_err("malloc failure in autotrust do_statetable. "
                        "trust point unchanged.");
                return 1; /* trust point unchanged, so exists */
        }

        autr_cleanup_keys(tp);
        if(!set_next_probe(env, tp, dnskey_rrset))
                return 0; /* trust point does not exist */
        autr_write_file(env, tp);
        if(changed) {
                verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: changed, reassemble");
                if(!autr_assemble(tp)) {
                        log_err("malloc failure assembling autotrust keys");
                        return 1; /* unchanged */
                }
                if(!tp->ds_rrset && !tp->dnskey_rrset) {
                        /* no more keys, all are revoked */
                        autr_tp_remove(env, tp, dnskey_rrset);
                        return 0; /* trust point removed */
                }
        } else verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust: no changes");
        
        return 1; /* trust point exists */
}

/** debug print a trust anchor key */
static void 
autr_debug_print_ta(struct autr_ta* ta)
{
        char buf[32];
        char* str = sldns_wire2str_rr(ta->rr, ta->rr_len);
        if(!str) {
                log_info("out of memory in debug_print_ta");
                return;
        }
        if(str[0]) str[strlen(str)-1]=0; /* remove newline */
        (void)autr_ctime_r(&ta->last_change, buf);
        if(buf[0]) buf[strlen(buf)-1]=0; /* remove newline */
        log_info("[%s] %s ;;state:%d ;;pending_count:%d%s%s last:%s",
                trustanchor_state2str(ta->s), str, ta->s, ta->pending_count,
                ta->fetched?" fetched":"", ta->revoked?" revoked":"", buf);
        free(str);
}

/** debug print a trust point */
static void 
autr_debug_print_tp(struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        struct autr_ta* ta;
        /* Note: buf is also used for autr_ctime_r but that only needs a size
         *       of 26, so LDNS_MAX_DOMAINLEN is enough. */
        char buf[LDNS_MAX_DOMAINLEN];
        if(!tp->autr)
                return;
        dname_str(tp->name, buf);
        log_info("trust point %s : %d", buf, (int)tp->dclass);
        log_info("assembled %d DS and %d DNSKEYs", 
                (int)tp->numDS, (int)tp->numDNSKEY);
        if(tp->ds_rrset) {
                log_packed_rrset(NO_VERBOSE, "DS:", tp->ds_rrset);
        }
        if(tp->dnskey_rrset) {
                log_packed_rrset(NO_VERBOSE, "DNSKEY:", tp->dnskey_rrset);
        }
        log_info("file %s", tp->autr->file);
        (void)autr_ctime_r(&tp->autr->last_queried, buf);
        if(buf[0]) buf[strlen(buf)-1]=0; /* remove newline */
        log_info("last_queried: %u %s", (unsigned)tp->autr->last_queried, buf);
        (void)autr_ctime_r(&tp->autr->last_success, buf);
        if(buf[0]) buf[strlen(buf)-1]=0; /* remove newline */
        log_info("last_success: %u %s", (unsigned)tp->autr->last_success, buf);
        (void)autr_ctime_r(&tp->autr->next_probe_time, buf);
        if(buf[0]) buf[strlen(buf)-1]=0; /* remove newline */
        log_info("next_probe_time: %u %s", (unsigned)tp->autr->next_probe_time,
                buf);
        log_info("query_interval: %u", (unsigned)tp->autr->query_interval);
        log_info("retry_time: %u", (unsigned)tp->autr->retry_time);
        log_info("query_failed: %u", (unsigned)tp->autr->query_failed);
                
        for(ta=tp->autr->keys; ta; ta=ta->next) {
                autr_debug_print_ta(ta);
        }
}

void 
autr_debug_print(struct val_anchors* anchors)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp;
        lock_basic_lock(&anchors->lock);
        RBTREE_FOR(tp, struct trust_anchor*, anchors->tree) {
                lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);
                autr_debug_print_tp(tp);
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
        }
        lock_basic_unlock(&anchors->lock);
}

void probe_answer_cb(void* arg, int ATTR_UNUSED(rcode), 
        sldns_buffer* ATTR_UNUSED(buf), enum sec_status ATTR_UNUSED(sec),
        char* ATTR_UNUSED(why_bogus), int ATTR_UNUSED(was_ratelimited))
{
        /* retry was set before the query was done,
         * re-querytime is set when query succeeded, but that may not
         * have reset this timer because the query could have been
         * handled by another thread. In that case, this callback would
         * get called after the original timeout is done. 
         * By not resetting the timer, it may probe more often, but not
         * less often.
         * Unless the new lookup resulted in smaller TTLs and thus smaller
         * timeout values. In that case one old TTL could be mistakenly done.
         */
        struct module_env* env = (struct module_env*)arg;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust probe answer cb");
        reset_worker_timer(env);
}

/** probe a trust anchor DNSKEY and unlocks tp */
static void
probe_anchor(struct module_env* env, struct trust_anchor* tp)
{
        struct query_info qinfo;
        uint16_t qflags = BIT_RD;
        struct edns_data edns;
        sldns_buffer* buf = env->scratch_buffer;
        qinfo.qname = regional_alloc_init(env->scratch, tp->name, tp->namelen);
        if(!qinfo.qname) {
                log_err("out of memory making 5011 probe");
                return;
        }
        qinfo.qname_len = tp->namelen;
        qinfo.qtype = LDNS_RR_TYPE_DNSKEY;
        qinfo.qclass = tp->dclass;
        qinfo.local_alias = NULL;
        log_query_info(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust probe", &qinfo);
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "retry probe set in %d seconds", 
                (int)tp->autr->next_probe_time - (int)*env->now);
        edns.edns_present = 1;
        edns.ext_rcode = 0;
        edns.edns_version = 0;
        edns.bits = EDNS_DO;
        edns.opt_list_in = NULL;
        edns.opt_list_out = NULL;
        edns.opt_list_inplace_cb_out = NULL;
        edns.padding_block_size = 0;
        edns.cookie_present = 0;
        edns.cookie_valid = 0;
        if(sldns_buffer_capacity(buf) < 65535)
                edns.udp_size = (uint16_t)sldns_buffer_capacity(buf);
        else    edns.udp_size = 65535;

        /* can't hold the lock while mesh_run is processing */
        lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);

        /* delete the DNSKEY from rrset and key cache so an active probe
         * is done. First the rrset so another thread does not use it
         * to recreate the key entry in a race condition. */
        rrset_cache_remove(env->rrset_cache, qinfo.qname, qinfo.qname_len,
                qinfo.qtype, qinfo.qclass, 0);
        key_cache_remove(env->key_cache, qinfo.qname, qinfo.qname_len, 
                qinfo.qclass);

        if(!mesh_new_callback(env->mesh, &qinfo, qflags, &edns, buf, 0, 
                &probe_answer_cb, env, 0)) {
                log_err("out of memory making 5011 probe");
        }
}

/** fetch first to-probe trust-anchor and lock it and set retrytime */
static struct trust_anchor*
todo_probe(struct module_env* env, time_t* next)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp;
        rbnode_type* el;
        /* get first one */
        lock_basic_lock(&env->anchors->lock);
        if( (el=rbtree_first(&env->anchors->autr->probe)) == RBTREE_NULL) {
                /* in case of revoked anchors */
                lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);
                /* signal that there are no anchors to probe */
                *next = 0;
                return NULL;
        }
        tp = (struct trust_anchor*)el->key;
        lock_basic_lock(&tp->lock);

        /* is it eligible? */
        if((time_t)tp->autr->next_probe_time > *env->now) {
                /* no more to probe */
                *next = (time_t)tp->autr->next_probe_time - *env->now;
                lock_basic_unlock(&tp->lock);
                lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);
                return NULL;
        }

        /* reset its next probe time */
        (void)rbtree_delete(&env->anchors->autr->probe, tp);
        tp->autr->next_probe_time = calc_next_probe(env, tp->autr->retry_time);
        (void)rbtree_insert(&env->anchors->autr->probe, &tp->autr->pnode);
        lock_basic_unlock(&env->anchors->lock);

        return tp;
}

time_t 
autr_probe_timer(struct module_env* env)
{
        struct trust_anchor* tp;
        time_t next_probe = 3600;
        int num = 0;
        if(autr_permit_small_holddown) next_probe = 1;
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust probe timer callback");
        /* while there are still anchors to probe */
        while( (tp = todo_probe(env, &next_probe)) ) {
                /* make a probe for this anchor */
                probe_anchor(env, tp);
                num++;
        }
        regional_free_all(env->scratch);
        if(next_probe == 0)
                return 0; /* no trust points to probe */
        verbose(VERB_ALGO, "autotrust probe timer %d callbacks done", num);
        return next_probe;
}