/* $OpenBSD: scp.c,v 1.273 2026/04/02 07:42:16 djm Exp $ */
/*
 * scp - secure remote copy.  This is basically patched BSD rcp which
 * uses ssh to do the data transfer (instead of using rcmd).
 *
 * NOTE: This version should NOT be suid root.  (This uses ssh to
 * do the transfer and ssh has the necessary privileges.)
 *
 * 1995 Timo Rinne <tri@iki.fi>, Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
 *
 * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
 * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
 * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
 * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
 * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
 */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999 Theo de Raadt.  All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 1999 Aaron Campbell.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
 * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
 * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Parts from:
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1995
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fnmatch.h>
#include <glob.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <util.h>
#include <vis.h>

#include "xmalloc.h"
#include "ssh.h"
#include "atomicio.h"
#include "pathnames.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "progressmeter.h"
#include "utf8.h"
#include "sftp.h"

#include "sftp-common.h"
#include "sftp-client.h"

#define COPY_BUFLEN     16384

int do_cmd(char *, char *, char *, int, int, char *, int *, int *, pid_t *);
int do_cmd2(char *, char *, int, char *, int, int);

/* Struct for addargs */
arglist args;
arglist remote_remote_args;

/* Bandwidth limit */
long long limit_kbps = 0;
struct bwlimit bwlimit;

/* Name of current file being transferred. */
char *curfile;

/* This is set to non-zero to enable verbose mode. */
int verbose_mode = 0;
LogLevel log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;

/* This is set to zero if the progressmeter is not desired. */
int showprogress = 1;

/*
 * This is set to non-zero if remote-remote copy should be piped
 * through this process.
 */
int throughlocal = 1;

/* Non-standard port to use for the ssh connection or -1. */
int sshport = -1;

/* This is the program to execute for the secure connection. ("ssh" or -S) */
char *ssh_program = _PATH_SSH_PROGRAM;

/* This is used to store the pid of ssh_program */
pid_t do_cmd_pid = -1;
pid_t do_cmd_pid2 = -1;

/* SFTP copy parameters */
size_t sftp_copy_buflen;
size_t sftp_nrequests;

/* Needed for sftp */
volatile sig_atomic_t interrupted = 0;

int sftp_glob(struct sftp_conn *, const char *, int,
    int (*)(const char *, int), glob_t *); /* proto for sftp-glob.c */

static void
killchild(int signo)
{
        if (do_cmd_pid > 1) {
                kill(do_cmd_pid, signo ? signo : SIGTERM);
                (void)waitpid(do_cmd_pid, NULL, 0);
        }
        if (do_cmd_pid2 > 1) {
                kill(do_cmd_pid2, signo ? signo : SIGTERM);
                (void)waitpid(do_cmd_pid2, NULL, 0);
        }

        if (signo)
                _exit(1);
        exit(1);
}

static void
suspone(int pid, int signo)
{
        int status;

        if (pid > 1) {
                kill(pid, signo);
                while (waitpid(pid, &status, WUNTRACED) == -1 &&
                    errno == EINTR)
                        ;
        }
}

static void
suspchild(int signo)
{
        int save_errno = errno;
        suspone(do_cmd_pid, signo);
        suspone(do_cmd_pid2, signo);
        kill(getpid(), SIGSTOP);
        errno = save_errno;
}

static int
do_local_cmd(arglist *a)
{
        char *cp;
        int status;
        pid_t pid;

        if (a->num == 0)
                fatal("do_local_cmd: no arguments");

        if (verbose_mode) {
                cp = argv_assemble(a->num, a->list);
                fmprintf(stderr, "Executing: %s\n", cp);
                free(cp);
        }
        if ((pid = fork()) == -1)
                fatal("do_local_cmd: fork: %s", strerror(errno));

        if (pid == 0) {
                execvp(a->list[0], a->list);
                perror(a->list[0]);
                exit(1);
        }

        do_cmd_pid = pid;
        ssh_signal(SIGTERM, killchild);
        ssh_signal(SIGINT, killchild);
        ssh_signal(SIGHUP, killchild);

        while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1)
                if (errno != EINTR)
                        fatal("do_local_cmd: waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));

        do_cmd_pid = -1;

        if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
                return (-1);

        return (0);
}

/*
 * This function executes the given command as the specified user on the
 * given host.  This returns < 0 if execution fails, and >= 0 otherwise. This
 * assigns the input and output file descriptors on success.
 */

int
do_cmd(char *program, char *host, char *remuser, int port, int subsystem,
    char *cmd, int *fdin, int *fdout, pid_t *pid)
{
        int sv[2];

        if (verbose_mode)
                fmprintf(stderr,
                    "Executing: program %s host %s, user %s, command %s\n",
                    program, host,
                    remuser ? remuser : "(unspecified)", cmd);

        if (port == -1)
                port = sshport;

        /* Create a socket pair for communicating with ssh. */
        if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sv) == -1)
                fatal("socketpair: %s", strerror(errno));

        ssh_signal(SIGTSTP, suspchild);
        ssh_signal(SIGTTIN, suspchild);
        ssh_signal(SIGTTOU, suspchild);

        /* Fork a child to execute the command on the remote host using ssh. */
        *pid = fork();
        switch (*pid) {
        case -1:
                fatal("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
        case 0:
                /* Child. */
                if (dup2(sv[0], STDIN_FILENO) == -1 ||
                    dup2(sv[0], STDOUT_FILENO) == -1) {
                        perror("dup2");
                        _exit(1);
                }
                close(sv[0]);
                close(sv[1]);
                replacearg(&args, 0, "%s", program);
                if (port != -1) {
                        addargs(&args, "-p");
                        addargs(&args, "%d", port);
                }
                if (remuser != NULL) {
                        addargs(&args, "-l");
                        addargs(&args, "%s", remuser);
                }
                if (subsystem)
                        addargs(&args, "-s");
                addargs(&args, "--");
                addargs(&args, "%s", host);
                addargs(&args, "%s", cmd);

                execvp(program, args.list);
                perror(program);
                _exit(1);
        default:
                /* Parent.  Close the other side, and return the local side. */
                close(sv[0]);
                *fdin = sv[1];
                *fdout = sv[1];
                ssh_signal(SIGTERM, killchild);
                ssh_signal(SIGINT, killchild);
                ssh_signal(SIGHUP, killchild);
                return 0;
        }
}

/*
 * This function executes a command similar to do_cmd(), but expects the
 * input and output descriptors to be setup by a previous call to do_cmd().
 * This way the input and output of two commands can be connected.
 */
int
do_cmd2(char *host, char *remuser, int port, char *cmd,
    int fdin, int fdout)
{
        int status;
        pid_t pid;

        if (verbose_mode)
                fmprintf(stderr,
                    "Executing: 2nd program %s host %s, user %s, command %s\n",
                    ssh_program, host,
                    remuser ? remuser : "(unspecified)", cmd);

        if (port == -1)
                port = sshport;

        /* Fork a child to execute the command on the remote host using ssh. */
        pid = fork();
        if (pid == 0) {
                if (dup2(fdin, 0) == -1)
                        perror("dup2");
                if (dup2(fdout, 1) == -1)
                        perror("dup2");

                replacearg(&args, 0, "%s", ssh_program);
                if (port != -1) {
                        addargs(&args, "-p");
                        addargs(&args, "%d", port);
                }
                if (remuser != NULL) {
                        addargs(&args, "-l");
                        addargs(&args, "%s", remuser);
                }
                addargs(&args, "-oBatchMode=yes");
                addargs(&args, "--");
                addargs(&args, "%s", host);
                addargs(&args, "%s", cmd);

                execvp(ssh_program, args.list);
                perror(ssh_program);
                exit(1);
        } else if (pid == -1) {
                fatal("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
        }
        while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1)
                if (errno != EINTR)
                        fatal("do_cmd2: waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));
        return 0;
}

typedef struct {
        size_t cnt;
        char *buf;
} BUF;

BUF *allocbuf(BUF *, int, int);
void lostconn(int);
int okname(char *);
void run_err(const char *,...)
    __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)))
    __attribute__((__nonnull__ (1)));
int note_err(const char *,...)
    __attribute__((__format__ (printf, 1, 2)));
void verifydir(char *);

struct passwd *pwd;
uid_t userid;
int errs, remin, remout, remin2, remout2;
int Tflag, pflag, iamremote, iamrecursive, targetshouldbedirectory;

#define CMDNEEDS        64
char cmd[CMDNEEDS];             /* must hold "rcp -r -p -d\0" */

enum scp_mode_e {
        MODE_SCP,
        MODE_SFTP
};

int response(void);
void rsource(char *, struct stat *);
void sink(int, char *[], const char *);
void source(int, char *[]);
void tolocal(int, char *[], enum scp_mode_e, char *sftp_direct);
void toremote(int, char *[], enum scp_mode_e, char *sftp_direct);
void usage(void);

void source_sftp(int, char *, char *, struct sftp_conn *);
void sink_sftp(int, char *, const char *, struct sftp_conn *);
void throughlocal_sftp(struct sftp_conn *, struct sftp_conn *,
    char *, char *);

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        int ch, fflag, tflag, status, r, n;
        char **newargv, *argv0;
        const char *errstr;
        extern char *optarg;
        extern int optind;
        enum scp_mode_e mode = MODE_SFTP;
        char *sftp_direct = NULL;
        long long llv;

        /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
        sanitise_stdfd();

        setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");

        /* Copy argv, because we modify it */
        argv0 = argv[0];
        newargv = xcalloc(MAXIMUM(argc + 1, 1), sizeof(*newargv));
        for (n = 0; n < argc; n++)
                newargv[n] = xstrdup(argv[n]);
        argv = newargv;

        log_init(argv0, log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 2);

        memset(&args, '\0', sizeof(args));
        memset(&remote_remote_args, '\0', sizeof(remote_remote_args));
        args.list = remote_remote_args.list = NULL;
        addargs(&args, "%s", ssh_program);
        addargs(&args, "-x");
        addargs(&args, "-oPermitLocalCommand=no");
        addargs(&args, "-oClearAllForwardings=yes");
        addargs(&args, "-oRemoteCommand=none");
        addargs(&args, "-oRequestTTY=no");
        addargs(&args, "-oControlMaster=no");

        fflag = Tflag = tflag = 0;
        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
            "12346ABCTdfOpqRrstvD:F:J:M:P:S:c:i:l:o:X:")) != -1) {
                switch (ch) {
                /* User-visible flags. */
                case '1':
                        fatal("SSH protocol v.1 is no longer supported");
                        break;
                case '2':
                        /* Ignored */
                        break;
                case 'A':
                case '4':
                case '6':
                case 'C':
                        addargs(&args, "-%c", ch);
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "-%c", ch);
                        break;
                case 'D':
                        sftp_direct = optarg;
                        break;
                case '3':
                        throughlocal = 1;
                        break;
                case 'R':
                        throughlocal = 0;
                        break;
                case 'o':
                case 'c':
                case 'i':
                case 'F':
                case 'J':
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "-%c", ch);
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "%s", optarg);
                        addargs(&args, "-%c", ch);
                        addargs(&args, "%s", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'O':
                        mode = MODE_SCP;
                        break;
                case 's':
                        mode = MODE_SFTP;
                        break;
                case 'P':
                        sshport = a2port(optarg);
                        if (sshport <= 0)
                                fatal("bad port \"%s\"\n", optarg);
                        break;
                case 'B':
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "-oBatchmode=yes");
                        addargs(&args, "-oBatchmode=yes");
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        limit_kbps = strtonum(optarg, 1, 100 * 1024 * 1024,
                            &errstr);
                        if (errstr != NULL)
                                usage();
                        limit_kbps *= 1024; /* kbps */
                        bandwidth_limit_init(&bwlimit, limit_kbps, COPY_BUFLEN);
                        break;
                case 'p':
                        pflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'r':
                        iamrecursive = 1;
                        break;
                case 'S':
                        ssh_program = xstrdup(optarg);
                        break;
                case 'v':
                        addargs(&args, "-v");
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "-v");
                        if (verbose_mode == 0)
                                log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
                        else if (log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
                                log_level++;
                        verbose_mode = 1;
                        break;
                case 'q':
                        addargs(&args, "-q");
                        addargs(&remote_remote_args, "-q");
                        showprogress = 0;
                        break;
                case 'X':
                        /* Please keep in sync with sftp.c -X */
                        if (strncmp(optarg, "buffer=", 7) == 0) {
                                r = scan_scaled(optarg + 7, &llv);
                                if (r == 0 && (llv <= 0 || llv > 256 * 1024)) {
                                        r = -1;
                                        errno = EINVAL;
                                }
                                if (r == -1) {
                                        fatal("Invalid buffer size \"%s\": %s",
                                             optarg + 7, strerror(errno));
                                }
                                sftp_copy_buflen = (size_t)llv;
                        } else if (strncmp(optarg, "nrequests=", 10) == 0) {
                                llv = strtonum(optarg + 10, 1, 256 * 1024,
                                    &errstr);
                                if (errstr != NULL) {
                                        fatal("Invalid number of requests "
                                            "\"%s\": %s", optarg + 10, errstr);
                                }
                                sftp_nrequests = (size_t)llv;
                        } else {
                                fatal("Invalid -X option");
                        }
                        break;

                /* Server options. */
                case 'd':
                        targetshouldbedirectory = 1;
                        break;
                case 'f':       /* "from" */
                        iamremote = 1;
                        fflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 't':       /* "to" */
                        iamremote = 1;
                        tflag = 1;
                        break;
                case 'T':
                        Tflag = 1;
                        break;
                default:
                        usage();
                }
        }
        argc -= optind;
        argv += optind;

        log_init(argv0, log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 2);

        /* Do this last because we want the user to be able to override it */
        addargs(&args, "-oForwardAgent=no");

        if (iamremote)
                mode = MODE_SCP;

        if ((pwd = getpwuid(userid = getuid())) == NULL)
                fatal("unknown user %u", (u_int) userid);

        if (!isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
                showprogress = 0;

        if (pflag) {
                /* Cannot pledge: -p allows setuid/setgid files... */
        } else {
                if (pledge("stdio rpath wpath cpath fattr tty proc exec",
                    NULL) == -1) {
                        perror("pledge");
                        exit(1);
                }
        }

        remin = STDIN_FILENO;
        remout = STDOUT_FILENO;

        if (fflag) {
                /* Follow "protocol", send data. */
                (void) response();
                source(argc, argv);
                exit(errs != 0);
        }
        if (tflag) {
                /* Receive data. */
                sink(argc, argv, NULL);
                exit(errs != 0);
        }
        if (argc < 2)
                usage();
        if (argc > 2)
                targetshouldbedirectory = 1;

        remin = remout = -1;
        do_cmd_pid = -1;
        /* Command to be executed on remote system using "ssh". */
        (void) snprintf(cmd, sizeof cmd, "scp%s%s%s%s",
            verbose_mode ? " -v" : "",
            iamrecursive ? " -r" : "", pflag ? " -p" : "",
            targetshouldbedirectory ? " -d" : "");

        (void) ssh_signal(SIGPIPE, lostconn);

        if (colon(argv[argc - 1]))      /* Dest is remote host. */
                toremote(argc, argv, mode, sftp_direct);
        else {
                if (targetshouldbedirectory)
                        verifydir(argv[argc - 1]);
                tolocal(argc, argv, mode, sftp_direct); /* Dest is local host. */
        }
        /*
         * Finally check the exit status of the ssh process, if one was forked
         * and no error has occurred yet
         */
        if (do_cmd_pid != -1 && (mode == MODE_SFTP || errs == 0)) {
                if (remin != -1)
                    (void) close(remin);
                if (remout != -1)
                    (void) close(remout);
                if (waitpid(do_cmd_pid, &status, 0) == -1)
                        errs = 1;
                else {
                        if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
                                errs = 1;
                }
        }
        exit(errs != 0);
}

/* Callback from atomicio6 to update progress meter and limit bandwidth */
static int
scpio(void *_cnt, size_t s)
{
        off_t *cnt = (off_t *)_cnt;

        *cnt += s;
        refresh_progress_meter(0);
        if (limit_kbps > 0)
                bandwidth_limit(&bwlimit, s);
        return 0;
}

static int
do_times(int fd, int verb, const struct stat *sb)
{
        /* strlen(2^64) == 20; strlen(10^6) == 7 */
        char buf[(20 + 7 + 2) * 2 + 2];

        (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "T%llu 0 %llu 0\n",
            (unsigned long long) (sb->st_mtime < 0 ? 0 : sb->st_mtime),
            (unsigned long long) (sb->st_atime < 0 ? 0 : sb->st_atime));
        if (verb) {
                fprintf(stderr, "File mtime %lld atime %lld\n",
                    (long long)sb->st_mtime, (long long)sb->st_atime);
                fprintf(stderr, "Sending file timestamps: %s", buf);
        }
        (void) atomicio(vwrite, fd, buf, strlen(buf));
        return (response());
}

static int
parse_scp_uri(const char *uri, char **userp, char **hostp, int *portp,
    char **pathp)
{
        int r;

        r = parse_uri("scp", uri, userp, hostp, portp, pathp);
        if (r == 0 && *pathp == NULL)
                *pathp = xstrdup(".");
        return r;
}

/* Appends a string to an array; returns 0 on success, -1 on alloc failure */
static int
append(char *cp, char ***ap, size_t *np)
{
        char **tmp;

        if ((tmp = reallocarray(*ap, *np + 1, sizeof(*tmp))) == NULL)
                return -1;
        tmp[(*np)] = cp;
        (*np)++;
        *ap = tmp;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Finds the start and end of the first brace pair in the pattern.
 * returns 0 on success or -1 for invalid patterns.
 */
static int
find_brace(const char *pattern, int *startp, int *endp)
{
        int i;
        int in_bracket, brace_level;

        *startp = *endp = -1;
        in_bracket = brace_level = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < INT_MAX && *endp < 0 && pattern[i] != '\0'; i++) {
                switch (pattern[i]) {
                case '\\':
                        /* skip next character */
                        if (pattern[i + 1] != '\0')
                                i++;
                        break;
                case '[':
                        in_bracket = 1;
                        break;
                case ']':
                        in_bracket = 0;
                        break;
                case '{':
                        if (in_bracket)
                                break;
                        if (pattern[i + 1] == '}') {
                                /* Protect a single {}, for find(1), like csh */
                                i++; /* skip */
                                break;
                        }
                        if (*startp == -1)
                                *startp = i;
                        brace_level++;
                        break;
                case '}':
                        if (in_bracket)
                                break;
                        if (*startp < 0) {
                                /* Unbalanced brace */
                                return -1;
                        }
                        if (--brace_level <= 0)
                                *endp = i;
                        break;
                }
        }
        /* unbalanced brackets/braces */
        if (*endp < 0 && (*startp >= 0 || in_bracket))
                return -1;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Assembles and records a successfully-expanded pattern, returns -1 on
 * alloc failure.
 */
static int
emit_expansion(const char *pattern, int brace_start, int brace_end,
    int sel_start, int sel_end, char ***patternsp, size_t *npatternsp)
{
        char *cp;
        size_t pattern_len;
        int o = 0, tail_len;

        if ((pattern_len = strlen(pattern)) == 0 || pattern_len >= INT_MAX)
                return -1;

        tail_len = strlen(pattern + brace_end + 1);
        if ((cp = malloc(brace_start + (sel_end - sel_start) +
            tail_len + 1)) == NULL)
                return -1;

        /* Pattern before initial brace */
        if (brace_start > 0) {
                memcpy(cp, pattern, brace_start);
                o = brace_start;
        }
        /* Current braced selection */
        if (sel_end - sel_start > 0) {
                memcpy(cp + o, pattern + sel_start,
                    sel_end - sel_start);
                o += sel_end - sel_start;
        }
        /* Remainder of pattern after closing brace */
        if (tail_len > 0) {
                memcpy(cp + o, pattern + brace_end + 1, tail_len);
                o += tail_len;
        }
        cp[o] = '\0';
        if (append(cp, patternsp, npatternsp) != 0) {
                free(cp);
                return -1;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * Expand the first encountered brace in pattern, appending the expanded
 * patterns it yielded to the *patternsp array.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success or -1 on allocation failure.
 *
 * Signals whether expansion was performed via *expanded and whether
 * pattern was invalid via *invalid.
 */
static int
brace_expand_one(const char *pattern, char ***patternsp, size_t *npatternsp,
    int *expanded, int *invalid)
{
        int i;
        int in_bracket, brace_start, brace_end, brace_level;
        int sel_start, sel_end;

        *invalid = *expanded = 0;

        if (find_brace(pattern, &brace_start, &brace_end) != 0) {
                *invalid = 1;
                return 0;
        } else if (brace_start == -1)
                return 0;

        in_bracket = brace_level = 0;
        for (i = sel_start = brace_start + 1; i < brace_end; i++) {
                switch (pattern[i]) {
                case '{':
                        if (in_bracket)
                                break;
                        brace_level++;
                        break;
                case '}':
                        if (in_bracket)
                                break;
                        brace_level--;
                        break;
                case '[':
                        in_bracket = 1;
                        break;
                case ']':
                        in_bracket = 0;
                        break;
                case '\\':
                        if (i < brace_end - 1)
                                i++; /* skip */
                        break;
                }
                if (pattern[i] == ',' || i == brace_end - 1) {
                        if (in_bracket || brace_level > 0)
                                continue;
                        /* End of a selection, emit an expanded pattern */

                        /* Adjust end index for last selection */
                        sel_end = (i == brace_end - 1) ? brace_end : i;
                        if (emit_expansion(pattern, brace_start, brace_end,
                            sel_start, sel_end, patternsp, npatternsp) != 0)
                                return -1;
                        /* move on to the next selection */
                        sel_start = i + 1;
                        continue;
                }
        }
        if (in_bracket || brace_level > 0) {
                *invalid = 1;
                return 0;
        }
        /* success */
        *expanded = 1;
        return 0;
}

/* Expand braces from pattern. Returns 0 on success, -1 on failure */
static int
brace_expand(const char *pattern, char ***patternsp, size_t *npatternsp)
{
        char *cp, *cp2, **active = NULL, **done = NULL;
        size_t i, nactive = 0, ndone = 0;
        int ret = -1, invalid = 0, expanded = 0;

        *patternsp = NULL;
        *npatternsp = 0;

        /* Start the worklist with the original pattern */
        if ((cp = strdup(pattern)) == NULL)
                return -1;
        if (append(cp, &active, &nactive) != 0) {
                free(cp);
                return -1;
        }
        while (nactive > 0) {
                cp = active[nactive - 1];
                nactive--;
                if (brace_expand_one(cp, &active, &nactive,
                    &expanded, &invalid) == -1) {
                        free(cp);
                        goto fail;
                }
                if (invalid)
                        fatal_f("invalid brace pattern \"%s\"", cp);
                if (expanded) {
                        /*
                         * Current entry expanded to new entries on the
                         * active list; discard the progenitor pattern.
                         */
                        free(cp);
                        continue;
                }
                /*
                 * Pattern did not expand; append the filename component to
                 * the completed list
                 */
                if ((cp2 = strrchr(cp, '/')) != NULL)
                        *cp2++ = '\0';
                else
                        cp2 = cp;
                if (append(xstrdup(cp2), &done, &ndone) != 0) {
                        free(cp);
                        goto fail;
                }
                free(cp);
        }
        /* success */
        *patternsp = done;
        *npatternsp = ndone;
        done = NULL;
        ndone = 0;
        ret = 0;
 fail:
        for (i = 0; i < nactive; i++)
                free(active[i]);
        free(active);
        for (i = 0; i < ndone; i++)
                free(done[i]);
        free(done);
        return ret;
}

static struct sftp_conn *
do_sftp_connect(char *host, char *user, int port, char *sftp_direct,
   int *reminp, int *remoutp, int *pidp)
{
        if (sftp_direct == NULL) {
                if (do_cmd(ssh_program, host, user, port, 1, "sftp",
                    reminp, remoutp, pidp) < 0)
                        return NULL;

        } else {
                freeargs(&args);
                addargs(&args, "sftp-server");
                if (do_cmd(sftp_direct, host, NULL, -1, 0, "sftp",
                    reminp, remoutp, pidp) < 0)
                        return NULL;
        }
        return sftp_init(*reminp, *remoutp,
            sftp_copy_buflen, sftp_nrequests, limit_kbps);
}

void
toremote(int argc, char **argv, enum scp_mode_e mode, char *sftp_direct)
{
        char *suser = NULL, *host = NULL, *src = NULL;
        char *bp, *tuser, *thost, *targ;
        int sport = -1, tport = -1;
        struct sftp_conn *conn = NULL, *conn2 = NULL;
        arglist alist;
        int i, r, status;
        struct stat sb;
        u_int j;

        memset(&alist, '\0', sizeof(alist));
        alist.list = NULL;

        /* Parse target */
        r = parse_scp_uri(argv[argc - 1], &tuser, &thost, &tport, &targ);
        if (r == -1) {
                fmprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid uri\n", argv[argc - 1]);
                ++errs;
                goto out;
        }
        if (r != 0) {
                if (parse_user_host_path(argv[argc - 1], &tuser, &thost,
                    &targ) == -1) {
                        fmprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid target\n", argv[argc - 1]);
                        ++errs;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        /* Parse source files */
        for (i = 0; i < argc - 1; i++) {
                free(suser);
                free(host);
                free(src);
                r = parse_scp_uri(argv[i], &suser, &host, &sport, &src);
                if (r == -1) {
                        fmprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid uri\n", argv[i]);
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                if (r != 0) {
                        parse_user_host_path(argv[i], &suser, &host, &src);
                }
                if (suser != NULL && !okname(suser)) {
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                if (host && throughlocal) {     /* extended remote to remote */
                        if (mode == MODE_SFTP) {
                                if (remin == -1 || conn == NULL) {
                                        /* Connect to dest now */
                                        sftp_free(conn);
                                        conn = do_sftp_connect(thost, tuser,
                                            tport, sftp_direct,
                                            &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid);
                                        if (conn == NULL) {
                                                fatal("Unable to open "
                                                    "destination connection");
                                        }
                                        debug3_f("origin in %d out %d pid %ld",
                                            remin, remout, (long)do_cmd_pid);
                                }
                                /*
                                 * XXX remember suser/host/sport and only
                                 * reconnect if they change between arguments.
                                 * would save reconnections for cases like
                                 * scp -3 hosta:/foo hosta:/bar hostb:
                                 */
                                /* Connect to origin now */
                                sftp_free(conn2);
                                conn2 = do_sftp_connect(host, suser,
                                    sport, sftp_direct,
                                    &remin2, &remout2, &do_cmd_pid2);
                                if (conn2 == NULL) {
                                        fatal("Unable to open "
                                            "source connection");
                                }
                                debug3_f("destination in %d out %d pid %ld",
                                    remin2, remout2, (long)do_cmd_pid2);
                                throughlocal_sftp(conn2, conn, src, targ);
                                (void) close(remin2);
                                (void) close(remout2);
                                remin2 = remout2 = -1;
                                if (waitpid(do_cmd_pid2, &status, 0) == -1)
                                        ++errs;
                                else if (!WIFEXITED(status) ||
                                    WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
                                        ++errs;
                                do_cmd_pid2 = -1;
                                continue;
                        } else {
                                xasprintf(&bp, "%s -f %s%s", cmd,
                                    *src == '-' ? "-- " : "", src);
                                if (do_cmd(ssh_program, host, suser, sport, 0,
                                    bp, &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid) < 0)
                                        exit(1);
                                free(bp);
                                xasprintf(&bp, "%s -t %s%s", cmd,
                                    *targ == '-' ? "-- " : "", targ);
                                if (do_cmd2(thost, tuser, tport, bp,
                                    remin, remout) < 0)
                                        exit(1);
                                free(bp);
                                (void) close(remin);
                                (void) close(remout);
                                remin = remout = -1;
                        }
                } else if (host) {      /* standard remote to remote */
                        /*
                         * Second remote user is passed to first remote side
                         * via scp command-line. Ensure it contains no obvious
                         * shell characters.
                         */
                        if (tuser != NULL && !okname(tuser)) {
                                ++errs;
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (tport != -1 && tport != SSH_DEFAULT_PORT) {
                                /* This would require the remote support URIs */
                                fatal("target port not supported with two "
                                    "remote hosts and the -R option");
                        }

                        freeargs(&alist);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", ssh_program);
                        addargs(&alist, "-x");
                        addargs(&alist, "-oClearAllForwardings=yes");
                        addargs(&alist, "-n");
                        for (j = 0; j < remote_remote_args.num; j++) {
                                addargs(&alist, "%s",
                                    remote_remote_args.list[j]);
                        }

                        if (sport != -1) {
                                addargs(&alist, "-p");
                                addargs(&alist, "%d", sport);
                        }
                        if (suser) {
                                addargs(&alist, "-l");
                                addargs(&alist, "%s", suser);
                        }
                        addargs(&alist, "--");
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", host);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", cmd);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", src);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s%s%s:%s",
                            tuser ? tuser : "", tuser ? "@" : "",
                            thost, targ);
                        if (do_local_cmd(&alist) != 0)
                                errs = 1;
                } else {        /* local to remote */
                        if (mode == MODE_SFTP) {
                                /* no need to glob: already done by shell */
                                if (stat(argv[i], &sb) != 0) {
                                        fatal("stat local \"%s\": %s", argv[i],
                                            strerror(errno));
                                }
                                if (remin == -1) {
                                        /* Connect to remote now */
                                        sftp_free(conn);
                                        conn = do_sftp_connect(thost, tuser,
                                            tport, sftp_direct,
                                            &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid);
                                        if (conn == NULL) {
                                                fatal("Unable to open sftp "
                                                    "connection");
                                        }
                                }

                                /* The protocol */
                                source_sftp(1, argv[i], targ, conn);
                                continue;
                        }
                        /* SCP */
                        if (remin == -1) {
                                xasprintf(&bp, "%s -t %s%s", cmd,
                                    *targ == '-' ? "-- " : "", targ);
                                if (do_cmd(ssh_program, thost, tuser, tport, 0,
                                    bp, &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid) < 0)
                                        exit(1);
                                if (response() < 0)
                                        exit(1);
                                free(bp);
                        }
                        source(1, argv + i);
                }
        }
out:
        freeargs(&alist);
        free(tuser);
        free(thost);
        free(targ);
        free(suser);
        free(host);
        free(src);
        sftp_free(conn);
        sftp_free(conn2);
}

void
tolocal(int argc, char **argv, enum scp_mode_e mode, char *sftp_direct)
{
        char *bp, *host = NULL, *src = NULL, *suser = NULL;
        arglist alist;
        struct sftp_conn *conn = NULL;
        int i, r, sport = -1;

        memset(&alist, '\0', sizeof(alist));
        alist.list = NULL;

        for (i = 0; i < argc - 1; i++) {
                free(suser);
                free(host);
                free(src);
                r = parse_scp_uri(argv[i], &suser, &host, &sport, &src);
                if (r == -1) {
                        fmprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid uri\n", argv[i]);
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                if (r != 0)
                        parse_user_host_path(argv[i], &suser, &host, &src);
                if (suser != NULL && !okname(suser)) {
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                if (!host) {    /* Local to local. */
                        freeargs(&alist);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", _PATH_CP);
                        if (iamrecursive)
                                addargs(&alist, "-r");
                        if (pflag)
                                addargs(&alist, "-p");
                        addargs(&alist, "--");
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", argv[i]);
                        addargs(&alist, "%s", argv[argc-1]);
                        if (do_local_cmd(&alist))
                                ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                /* Remote to local. */
                if (mode == MODE_SFTP) {
                        sftp_free(conn);
                        conn = do_sftp_connect(host, suser, sport,
                            sftp_direct, &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid);
                        if (conn == NULL) {
                                error("sftp connection failed");
                                ++errs;
                                continue;
                        }

                        /* The protocol */
                        sink_sftp(1, argv[argc - 1], src, conn);

                        (void) close(remin);
                        (void) close(remout);
                        remin = remout = -1;
                        continue;
                }
                /* SCP */
                xasprintf(&bp, "%s -f %s%s",
                    cmd, *src == '-' ? "-- " : "", src);
                if (do_cmd(ssh_program, host, suser, sport, 0, bp,
                    &remin, &remout, &do_cmd_pid) < 0) {
                        free(bp);
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                free(bp);
                sink(1, argv + argc - 1, src);
                (void) close(remin);
                remin = remout = -1;
        }
        freeargs(&alist);
        free(suser);
        free(host);
        free(src);
        sftp_free(conn);
}

/* Prepare remote path, handling ~ by assuming cwd is the homedir */
static char *
prepare_remote_path(struct sftp_conn *conn, const char *path)
{
        size_t nslash;

        /* Handle ~ prefixed paths */
        if (*path == '\0' || strcmp(path, "~") == 0)
                return xstrdup(".");
        if (*path != '~')
                return xstrdup(path);
        if (strncmp(path, "~/", 2) == 0) {
                if ((nslash = strspn(path + 2, "/")) == strlen(path + 2))
                        return xstrdup(".");
                return xstrdup(path + 2 + nslash);
        }
        if (sftp_can_expand_path(conn))
                return sftp_expand_path(conn, path);
        /* No protocol extension */
        error("server expand-path extension is required "
            "for ~user paths in SFTP mode");
        return NULL;
}

void
source_sftp(int argc, char *src, char *targ, struct sftp_conn *conn)
{
        char *target = NULL, *filename = NULL, *abs_dst = NULL;
        int src_is_dir, target_is_dir;
        Attrib a;
        struct stat st;

        memset(&a, '\0', sizeof(a));
        if (stat(src, &st) != 0)
                fatal("stat local \"%s\": %s", src, strerror(errno));
        src_is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
        if ((filename = basename(src)) == NULL)
                fatal("basename \"%s\": %s", src, strerror(errno));

        /* Special handling for source of '..' */
        if (strcmp(filename, "..") == 0)
                filename = "."; /* Upload to dest, not dest/.. */

        /*
         * No need to glob here - the local shell already took care of
         * the expansions
         */
        if ((target = prepare_remote_path(conn, targ)) == NULL)
                cleanup_exit(255);
        target_is_dir = sftp_remote_is_dir(conn, target);
        if (targetshouldbedirectory && !target_is_dir) {
                debug("target directory \"%s\" does not exist", target);
                a.flags = SSH2_FILEXFER_ATTR_PERMISSIONS;
                a.perm = st.st_mode | 0700; /* ensure writable */
                if (sftp_mkdir(conn, target, &a, 1) != 0)
                        cleanup_exit(255); /* error already logged */
                target_is_dir = 1;
        }
        if (target_is_dir)
                abs_dst = sftp_path_append(target, filename);
        else {
                abs_dst = target;
                target = NULL;
        }
        debug3_f("copying local %s to remote %s", src, abs_dst);

        if (src_is_dir && iamrecursive) {
                if (sftp_upload_dir(conn, src, abs_dst, pflag,
                    SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY, 0, 0, 1, 1) != 0) {
                        error("failed to upload directory %s to %s", src, targ);
                        errs = 1;
                }
        } else if (sftp_upload(conn, src, abs_dst, pflag, 0, 0, 1) != 0) {
                error("failed to upload file %s to %s", src, targ);
                errs = 1;
        }

        free(abs_dst);
        free(target);
}

void
source(int argc, char **argv)
{
        struct stat stb;
        static BUF buffer;
        BUF *bp;
        off_t i, statbytes;
        size_t amt, nr;
        int fd = -1, haderr, indx;
        char *last, *name, buf[PATH_MAX + 128], encname[PATH_MAX];
        int len;

        for (indx = 0; indx < argc; ++indx) {
                name = argv[indx];
                statbytes = 0;
                len = strlen(name);
                while (len > 1 && name[len-1] == '/')
                        name[--len] = '\0';
                if ((fd = open(name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
                        goto syserr;
                if (strchr(name, '\n') != NULL) {
                        strnvis(encname, name, sizeof(encname), VIS_NL);
                        name = encname;
                }
                if (fstat(fd, &stb) == -1) {
syserr:                 run_err("%s: %s", name, strerror(errno));
                        goto next;
                }
                if (stb.st_size < 0) {
                        run_err("%s: %s", name, "Negative file size");
                        goto next;
                }
                unset_nonblock(fd);
                switch (stb.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
                case S_IFREG:
                        break;
                case S_IFDIR:
                        if (iamrecursive) {
                                rsource(name, &stb);
                                goto next;
                        }
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                default:
                        run_err("%s: not a regular file", name);
                        goto next;
                }
                if ((last = strrchr(name, '/')) == NULL)
                        last = name;
                else
                        ++last;
                curfile = last;
                if (pflag) {
                        if (do_times(remout, verbose_mode, &stb) < 0)
                                goto next;
                }
#define FILEMODEMASK    (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO)
                snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "C%04o %lld %s\n",
                    (u_int) (stb.st_mode & FILEMODEMASK),
                    (long long)stb.st_size, last);
                if (verbose_mode)
                        fmprintf(stderr, "Sending file modes: %s", buf);
                (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, buf, strlen(buf));
                if (response() < 0)
                        goto next;
                if ((bp = allocbuf(&buffer, fd, COPY_BUFLEN)) == NULL) {
next:                   if (fd != -1) {
                                (void) close(fd);
                                fd = -1;
                        }
                        continue;
                }
                if (showprogress)
                        start_progress_meter(curfile, stb.st_size, &statbytes);
                set_nonblock(remout);
                for (haderr = i = 0; i < stb.st_size; i += bp->cnt) {
                        amt = bp->cnt;
                        if (i + (off_t)amt > stb.st_size)
                                amt = stb.st_size - i;
                        if (!haderr) {
                                if ((nr = atomicio(read, fd,
                                    bp->buf, amt)) != amt) {
                                        haderr = errno;
                                        memset(bp->buf + nr, 0, amt - nr);
                                }
                        }
                        /* Keep writing after error to retain sync */
                        if (haderr) {
                                (void)atomicio(vwrite, remout, bp->buf, amt);
                                memset(bp->buf, 0, amt);
                                continue;
                        }
                        if (atomicio6(vwrite, remout, bp->buf, amt, scpio,
                            &statbytes) != amt)
                                haderr = errno;
                }
                unset_nonblock(remout);

                if (fd != -1) {
                        if (close(fd) == -1 && !haderr)
                                haderr = errno;
                        fd = -1;
                }
                if (!haderr)
                        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
                else
                        run_err("%s: %s", name, strerror(haderr));
                (void) response();
                if (showprogress)
                        stop_progress_meter();
        }
}

void
rsource(char *name, struct stat *statp)
{
        DIR *dirp;
        struct dirent *dp;
        char *last, *vect[1], path[PATH_MAX];

        if (!(dirp = opendir(name))) {
                run_err("%s: %s", name, strerror(errno));
                return;
        }
        last = strrchr(name, '/');
        if (last == NULL)
                last = name;
        else
                last++;
        if (pflag) {
                if (do_times(remout, verbose_mode, statp) < 0) {
                        closedir(dirp);
                        return;
                }
        }
        (void) snprintf(path, sizeof path, "D%04o %d %.1024s\n",
            (u_int) (statp->st_mode & FILEMODEMASK), 0, last);
        if (verbose_mode)
                fmprintf(stderr, "Entering directory: %s", path);
        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, path, strlen(path));
        if (response() < 0) {
                closedir(dirp);
                return;
        }
        while ((dp = readdir(dirp)) != NULL) {
                if (dp->d_ino == 0)
                        continue;
                if (!strcmp(dp->d_name, ".") || !strcmp(dp->d_name, ".."))
                        continue;
                if (strlen(name) + 1 + strlen(dp->d_name) >= sizeof(path) - 1) {
                        run_err("%s/%s: name too long", name, dp->d_name);
                        continue;
                }
                (void) snprintf(path, sizeof path, "%s/%s", name, dp->d_name);
                vect[0] = path;
                source(1, vect);
        }
        (void) closedir(dirp);
        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "E\n", 2);
        (void) response();
}

void
sink_sftp(int argc, char *dst, const char *src, struct sftp_conn *conn)
{
        char *abs_src = NULL;
        char *abs_dst = NULL;
        glob_t g;
        char *filename, *tmp = NULL;
        int i, r, err = 0, dst_is_dir;
        struct stat st;

        memset(&g, 0, sizeof(g));

        /*
         * Here, we need remote glob as SFTP can not depend on remote shell
         * expansions
         */
        if ((abs_src = prepare_remote_path(conn, src)) == NULL) {
                err = -1;
                goto out;
        }

        debug3_f("copying remote %s to local %s", abs_src, dst);
        if ((r = sftp_glob(conn, abs_src, GLOB_NOCHECK|GLOB_MARK,
            NULL, &g)) != 0) {
                if (r == GLOB_NOSPACE)
                        error("%s: too many glob matches", src);
                else
                        error("%s: %s", src, strerror(ENOENT));
                err = -1;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Did we actually get any matches back from the glob? */
        if (g.gl_matchc == 0 && g.gl_pathc == 1 && g.gl_pathv[0] != NULL) {
                /*
                 * If nothing matched but a path returned, then it's probably
                 * a GLOB_NOCHECK result. Check whether the unglobbed path
                 * exists so we can give a nice error message early.
                 */
                if (sftp_stat(conn, g.gl_pathv[0], 1, NULL) != 0) {
                        error("%s: %s", src, strerror(ENOENT));
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        if ((r = stat(dst, &st)) != 0)
                debug2_f("stat local \"%s\": %s", dst, strerror(errno));
        dst_is_dir = r == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);

        if (g.gl_matchc > 1 && !dst_is_dir) {
                if (r == 0) {
                        error("Multiple files match pattern, but destination "
                            "\"%s\" is not a directory", dst);
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
                debug2_f("creating destination \"%s\"", dst);
                if (mkdir(dst, 0777) != 0) {
                        error("local mkdir \"%s\": %s", dst, strerror(errno));
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
                dst_is_dir = 1;
        }

        for (i = 0; g.gl_pathv[i] && !interrupted; i++) {
                tmp = xstrdup(g.gl_pathv[i]);
                if ((filename = basename(tmp)) == NULL) {
                        error("basename %s: %s", tmp, strerror(errno));
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }

                /* Special handling for destination of '..' */
                if (strcmp(filename, "..") == 0)
                        filename = "."; /* Download to dest, not dest/.. */

                if (dst_is_dir)
                        abs_dst = sftp_path_append(dst, filename);
                else
                        abs_dst = xstrdup(dst);

                debug("Fetching %s to %s\n", g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst);
                if (sftp_globpath_is_dir(g.gl_pathv[i]) && iamrecursive) {
                        if (sftp_download_dir(conn, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst,
                            NULL, pflag, SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY, 0, 0, 1, 1) == -1)
                                err = -1;
                } else {
                        if (sftp_download(conn, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst, NULL,
                            pflag, 0, 0, 1) == -1)
                                err = -1;
                }
                free(abs_dst);
                abs_dst = NULL;
                free(tmp);
                tmp = NULL;
        }

out:
        free(abs_src);
        free(tmp);
        globfree(&g);
        if (err == -1)
                errs = 1;
}


#define TYPE_OVERFLOW(type, val) \
        ((sizeof(type) == 4 && (val) > INT32_MAX) || \
         (sizeof(type) == 8 && (val) > INT64_MAX) || \
         (sizeof(type) != 4 && sizeof(type) != 8))

void
sink(int argc, char **argv, const char *src)
{
        static BUF buffer;
        struct stat stb;
        BUF *bp;
        off_t i;
        size_t j, count;
        int amt, exists, first, ofd;
        mode_t mode, omode, mask;
        off_t size, statbytes;
        unsigned long long ull;
        int setimes, targisdir, wrerr;
        char ch, *cp, *np, *targ, *why, *vect[1], buf[2048], visbuf[2048];
        char **patterns = NULL;
        size_t n, npatterns = 0;
        struct timeval tv[2];

#define atime   tv[0]
#define mtime   tv[1]
#define SCREWUP(str)    { why = str; goto screwup; }

        if (TYPE_OVERFLOW(time_t, 0) || TYPE_OVERFLOW(off_t, 0))
                SCREWUP("Unexpected off_t/time_t size");

        setimes = targisdir = 0;
        mask = umask(0);
        if (!pflag) {
                mask |= 07000;
                (void) umask(mask);
        }
        if (argc != 1) {
                run_err("ambiguous target");
                exit(1);
        }
        targ = *argv;
        if (targetshouldbedirectory)
                verifydir(targ);

        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
        if (stat(targ, &stb) == 0 && S_ISDIR(stb.st_mode))
                targisdir = 1;
        if (src != NULL && !iamrecursive && !Tflag) {
                /*
                 * Prepare to try to restrict incoming filenames to match
                 * the requested destination file glob.
                 */
                if (brace_expand(src, &patterns, &npatterns) != 0)
                        fatal_f("could not expand pattern");
        }
        for (first = 1;; first = 0) {
                cp = buf;
                if (atomicio(read, remin, cp, 1) != 1)
                        goto done;
                if (*cp++ == '\n')
                        SCREWUP("unexpected <newline>");
                do {
                        if (atomicio(read, remin, &ch, sizeof(ch)) != sizeof(ch))
                                SCREWUP("lost connection");
                        *cp++ = ch;
                } while (cp < &buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] && ch != '\n');
                *cp = 0;
                if (verbose_mode)
                        fmprintf(stderr, "Sink: %s", buf);

                if (buf[0] == '\01' || buf[0] == '\02') {
                        if (iamremote == 0) {
                                (void) snmprintf(visbuf, sizeof(visbuf),
                                    NULL, "%s", buf + 1);
                                (void) atomicio(vwrite, STDERR_FILENO,
                                    visbuf, strlen(visbuf));
                        }
                        if (buf[0] == '\02')
                                exit(1);
                        ++errs;
                        continue;
                }
                if (buf[0] == 'E') {
                        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
                        goto done;
                }
                if (ch == '\n')
                        *--cp = 0;

                cp = buf;
                if (*cp == 'T') {
                        setimes++;
                        cp++;
                        if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
                                SCREWUP("mtime.sec not present");
                        ull = strtoull(cp, &cp, 10);
                        if (!cp || *cp++ != ' ')
                                SCREWUP("mtime.sec not delimited");
                        if (TYPE_OVERFLOW(time_t, ull))
                                setimes = 0;    /* out of range */
                        mtime.tv_sec = ull;
                        mtime.tv_usec = strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
                        if (!cp || *cp++ != ' ' || mtime.tv_usec < 0 ||
                            mtime.tv_usec > 999999)
                                SCREWUP("mtime.usec not delimited");
                        if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
                                SCREWUP("atime.sec not present");
                        ull = strtoull(cp, &cp, 10);
                        if (!cp || *cp++ != ' ')
                                SCREWUP("atime.sec not delimited");
                        if (TYPE_OVERFLOW(time_t, ull))
                                setimes = 0;    /* out of range */
                        atime.tv_sec = ull;
                        atime.tv_usec = strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
                        if (!cp || *cp++ != '\0' || atime.tv_usec < 0 ||
                            atime.tv_usec > 999999)
                                SCREWUP("atime.usec not delimited");
                        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
                        continue;
                }
                if (*cp != 'C' && *cp != 'D') {
                        /*
                         * Check for the case "rcp remote:foo\* local:bar".
                         * In this case, the line "No match." can be returned
                         * by the shell before the rcp command on the remote is
                         * executed so the ^Aerror_message convention isn't
                         * followed.
                         */
                        if (first) {
                                run_err("%s", cp);
                                exit(1);
                        }
                        SCREWUP("expected control record");
                }
                mode = 0;
                for (++cp; cp < buf + 5; cp++) {
                        if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '7')
                                SCREWUP("bad mode");
                        mode = (mode << 3) | (*cp - '0');
                }
                if (!pflag)
                        mode &= ~mask;
                if (*cp++ != ' ')
                        SCREWUP("mode not delimited");

                if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
                        SCREWUP("size not present");
                ull = strtoull(cp, &cp, 10);
                if (!cp || *cp++ != ' ')
                        SCREWUP("size not delimited");
                if (TYPE_OVERFLOW(off_t, ull))
                        SCREWUP("size out of range");
                size = (off_t)ull;

                if (*cp == '\0' || strchr(cp, '/') != NULL ||
                    strcmp(cp, ".") == 0 || strcmp(cp, "..") == 0) {
                        run_err("error: unexpected filename: %s", cp);
                        exit(1);
                }
                if (npatterns > 0) {
                        for (n = 0; n < npatterns; n++) {
                                if (strcmp(patterns[n], cp) == 0 ||
                                    fnmatch(patterns[n], cp, 0) == 0)
                                        break;
                        }
                        if (n >= npatterns) {
                                debug2_f("incoming filename \"%s\" does not "
                                    "match any of %zu expected patterns", cp,
                                    npatterns);
                                for (n = 0; n < npatterns; n++) {
                                        debug3_f("expected pattern %zu: \"%s\"",
                                            n, patterns[n]);
                                }
                                SCREWUP("filename does not match request");
                        }
                }
                if (targisdir) {
                        static char *namebuf;
                        static size_t cursize;
                        size_t need;

                        need = strlen(targ) + strlen(cp) + 250;
                        if (need > cursize) {
                                free(namebuf);
                                namebuf = xmalloc(need);
                                cursize = need;
                        }
                        (void) snprintf(namebuf, need, "%s%s%s", targ,
                            strcmp(targ, "/") ? "/" : "", cp);
                        np = namebuf;
                } else
                        np = targ;
                curfile = cp;
                exists = stat(np, &stb) == 0;
                if (buf[0] == 'D') {
                        int mod_flag = pflag;
                        if (!iamrecursive)
                                SCREWUP("received directory without -r");
                        if (exists) {
                                if (!S_ISDIR(stb.st_mode)) {
                                        errno = ENOTDIR;
                                        goto bad;
                                }
                                if (pflag)
                                        (void) chmod(np, mode);
                        } else {
                                /* Handle copying from a read-only directory */
                                mod_flag = 1;
                                if (mkdir(np, mode | S_IRWXU) == -1)
                                        goto bad;
                        }
                        vect[0] = xstrdup(np);
                        sink(1, vect, src);
                        if (setimes) {
                                setimes = 0;
                                (void) utimes(vect[0], tv);
                        }
                        if (mod_flag)
                                (void) chmod(vect[0], mode);
                        free(vect[0]);
                        continue;
                }
                omode = mode;
                mode |= S_IWUSR;
                if ((ofd = open(np, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, mode)) == -1) {
bad:                    run_err("%s: %s", np, strerror(errno));
                        continue;
                }
                (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
                if ((bp = allocbuf(&buffer, ofd, COPY_BUFLEN)) == NULL) {
                        (void) close(ofd);
                        continue;
                }
                cp = bp->buf;
                wrerr = 0;

                /*
                 * NB. do not use run_err() unless immediately followed by
                 * exit() below as it may send a spurious reply that might
                 * desynchronise us from the peer. Use note_err() instead.
                 */
                statbytes = 0;
                if (showprogress)
                        start_progress_meter(curfile, size, &statbytes);
                set_nonblock(remin);
                for (count = i = 0; i < size; i += bp->cnt) {
                        amt = bp->cnt;
                        if (i + amt > size)
                                amt = size - i;
                        count += amt;
                        do {
                                j = atomicio6(read, remin, cp, amt,
                                    scpio, &statbytes);
                                if (j == 0) {
                                        run_err("%s", j != EPIPE ?
                                            strerror(errno) :
                                            "dropped connection");
                                        exit(1);
                                }
                                amt -= j;
                                cp += j;
                        } while (amt > 0);

                        if (count == bp->cnt) {
                                /* Keep reading so we stay sync'd up. */
                                if (!wrerr) {
                                        if (atomicio(vwrite, ofd, bp->buf,
                                            count) != count) {
                                                note_err("%s: %s", np,
                                                    strerror(errno));
                                                wrerr = 1;
                                        }
                                }
                                count = 0;
                                cp = bp->buf;
                        }
                }
                unset_nonblock(remin);
                if (count != 0 && !wrerr &&
                    atomicio(vwrite, ofd, bp->buf, count) != count) {
                        note_err("%s: %s", np, strerror(errno));
                        wrerr = 1;
                }
                if (!wrerr && (!exists || S_ISREG(stb.st_mode)) &&
                    ftruncate(ofd, size) != 0)
                        note_err("%s: truncate: %s", np, strerror(errno));
                if (pflag) {
                        if (exists || omode != mode)
                                if (fchmod(ofd, omode)) {
                                        note_err("%s: set mode: %s",
                                            np, strerror(errno));
                                }
                } else {
                        if (!exists && omode != mode)
                                if (fchmod(ofd, omode & ~mask)) {
                                        note_err("%s: set mode: %s",
                                            np, strerror(errno));
                                }
                }
                if (close(ofd) == -1)
                        note_err("%s: close: %s", np, strerror(errno));
                (void) response();
                if (showprogress)
                        stop_progress_meter();
                if (setimes && !wrerr) {
                        setimes = 0;
                        if (utimes(np, tv) == -1) {
                                note_err("%s: set times: %s",
                                    np, strerror(errno));
                        }
                }
                /* If no error was noted then signal success for this file */
                if (note_err(NULL) == 0)
                        (void) atomicio(vwrite, remout, "", 1);
        }
done:
        for (n = 0; n < npatterns; n++)
                free(patterns[n]);
        free(patterns);
        return;
screwup:
        for (n = 0; n < npatterns; n++)
                free(patterns[n]);
        free(patterns);
        run_err("protocol error: %s", why);
        exit(1);
}

void
throughlocal_sftp(struct sftp_conn *from, struct sftp_conn *to,
    char *src, char *targ)
{
        char *target = NULL, *filename = NULL, *abs_dst = NULL;
        char *abs_src = NULL, *tmp = NULL;
        glob_t g;
        int i, r, targetisdir, err = 0;

        if ((filename = basename(src)) == NULL)
                fatal("basename %s: %s", src, strerror(errno));

        if ((abs_src = prepare_remote_path(from, src)) == NULL ||
            (target = prepare_remote_path(to, targ)) == NULL)
                cleanup_exit(255);
        memset(&g, 0, sizeof(g));

        targetisdir = sftp_remote_is_dir(to, target);
        if (!targetisdir && targetshouldbedirectory) {
                error("%s: destination is not a directory", targ);
                err = -1;
                goto out;
        }

        debug3_f("copying remote %s to remote %s", abs_src, target);
        if ((r = sftp_glob(from, abs_src, GLOB_NOCHECK|GLOB_MARK,
            NULL, &g)) != 0) {
                if (r == GLOB_NOSPACE)
                        error("%s: too many glob matches", src);
                else
                        error("%s: %s", src, strerror(ENOENT));
                err = -1;
                goto out;
        }

        /* Did we actually get any matches back from the glob? */
        if (g.gl_matchc == 0 && g.gl_pathc == 1 && g.gl_pathv[0] != NULL) {
                /*
                 * If nothing matched but a path returned, then it's probably
                 * a GLOB_NOCHECK result. Check whether the unglobbed path
                 * exists so we can give a nice error message early.
                 */
                if (sftp_stat(from, g.gl_pathv[0], 1, NULL) != 0) {
                        error("%s: %s", src, strerror(ENOENT));
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }
        }

        for (i = 0; g.gl_pathv[i] && !interrupted; i++) {
                tmp = xstrdup(g.gl_pathv[i]);
                if ((filename = basename(tmp)) == NULL) {
                        error("basename %s: %s", tmp, strerror(errno));
                        err = -1;
                        goto out;
                }

                if (targetisdir)
                        abs_dst = sftp_path_append(target, filename);
                else
                        abs_dst = xstrdup(target);

                debug("Fetching %s to %s\n", g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst);
                if (sftp_globpath_is_dir(g.gl_pathv[i]) && iamrecursive) {
                        if (sftp_crossload_dir(from, to, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst,
                            NULL, pflag, SFTP_PROGRESS_ONLY, 1) == -1)
                                err = -1;
                } else {
                        if (sftp_crossload(from, to, g.gl_pathv[i], abs_dst,
                            NULL, pflag) == -1)
                                err = -1;
                }
                free(abs_dst);
                abs_dst = NULL;
                free(tmp);
                tmp = NULL;
        }

out:
        free(abs_src);
        free(abs_dst);
        free(target);
        free(tmp);
        globfree(&g);
        if (err == -1)
                errs = 1;
}

int
response(void)
{
        char ch, *cp, resp, rbuf[2048], visbuf[2048];

        if (atomicio(read, remin, &resp, sizeof(resp)) != sizeof(resp))
                lostconn(0);

        cp = rbuf;
        switch (resp) {
        case 0:         /* ok */
                return (0);
        default:
                *cp++ = resp;
                /* FALLTHROUGH */
        case 1:         /* error, followed by error msg */
        case 2:         /* fatal error, "" */
                do {
                        if (atomicio(read, remin, &ch, sizeof(ch)) != sizeof(ch))
                                lostconn(0);
                        *cp++ = ch;
                } while (cp < &rbuf[sizeof(rbuf) - 1] && ch != '\n');

                if (!iamremote) {
                        cp[-1] = '\0';
                        (void) snmprintf(visbuf, sizeof(visbuf),
                            NULL, "%s\n", rbuf);
                        (void) atomicio(vwrite, STDERR_FILENO,
                            visbuf, strlen(visbuf));
                }
                ++errs;
                if (resp == 1)
                        return (-1);
                exit(1);
        }
        /* NOTREACHED */
}

void
usage(void)
{
        (void) fprintf(stderr,
            "usage: scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config]\n"
            "           [-i identity_file] [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option]\n"
            "           [-P port] [-S program] [-X sftp_option] source ... target\n");
        exit(1);
}

void
run_err(const char *fmt,...)
{
        static FILE *fp;
        va_list ap;

        ++errs;
        if (fp != NULL || (remout != -1 && (fp = fdopen(remout, "w")))) {
                (void) fprintf(fp, "%c", 0x01);
                (void) fprintf(fp, "scp: ");
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                (void) vfprintf(fp, fmt, ap);
                va_end(ap);
                (void) fprintf(fp, "\n");
                (void) fflush(fp);
        }

        if (!iamremote) {
                va_start(ap, fmt);
                vfmprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
                va_end(ap);
                fprintf(stderr, "\n");
        }
}

/*
 * Notes a sink error for sending at the end of a file transfer. Returns 0 if
 * no error has been noted or -1 otherwise. Use note_err(NULL) to flush
 * any active error at the end of the transfer.
 */
int
note_err(const char *fmt, ...)
{
        static char *emsg;
        va_list ap;

        /* Replay any previously-noted error */
        if (fmt == NULL) {
                if (emsg == NULL)
                        return 0;
                run_err("%s", emsg);
                free(emsg);
                emsg = NULL;
                return -1;
        }

        errs++;
        /* Prefer first-noted error */
        if (emsg != NULL)
                return -1;

        va_start(ap, fmt);
        vasnmprintf(&emsg, INT_MAX, NULL, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
        return -1;
}

void
verifydir(char *cp)
{
        struct stat stb;

        if (!stat(cp, &stb)) {
                if (S_ISDIR(stb.st_mode))
                        return;
                errno = ENOTDIR;
        }
        run_err("%s: %s", cp, strerror(errno));
        killchild(0);
}

int
okname(char *cp0)
{
        int c;
        char *cp;

        cp = cp0;
        do {
                c = (int)*cp;
                if (c & 0200)
                        goto bad;
                if (!isalpha(c) && !isdigit((unsigned char)c)) {
                        switch (c) {
                        case '\'':
                        case '"':
                        case '`':
                        case ' ':
                        case '#':
                                goto bad;
                        default:
                                break;
                        }
                }
        } while (*++cp);
        return (1);

bad:    fmprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid user name\n", cp0);
        return (0);
}

BUF *
allocbuf(BUF *bp, int fd, int blksize)
{
        size_t size;
        struct stat stb;

        if (fstat(fd, &stb) == -1) {
                run_err("fstat: %s", strerror(errno));
                return (NULL);
        }
        size = ROUNDUP(stb.st_blksize, blksize);
        if (size == 0)
                size = blksize;
        if (bp->cnt >= size)
                return (bp);
        bp->buf = xrecallocarray(bp->buf, bp->cnt, size, 1);
        bp->cnt = size;
        return (bp);
}

void
lostconn(int signo)
{
        if (!iamremote)
                (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, "lost connection\n", 16);
        if (signo)
                _exit(1);
        else
                exit(1);
}

void
cleanup_exit(int i)
{
        if (remin > 0)
                close(remin);
        if (remout > 0)
                close(remout);
        if (remin2 > 0)
                close(remin2);
        if (remout2 > 0)
                close(remout2);
        if (do_cmd_pid > 0)
                (void)waitpid(do_cmd_pid, NULL, 0);
        if (do_cmd_pid2 > 0)
                (void)waitpid(do_cmd_pid2, NULL, 0);
        exit(i);
}