root/usr.sbin/dumpfs/dumpfs.c
/*      $NetBSD: dumpfs.c,v 1.71 2026/05/07 20:32:11 kre Exp $  */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1992, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
#ifndef lint
__COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1992, 1993\
 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
#if 0
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dumpfs.c    8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95";
#else
__RCSID("$NetBSD: dumpfs.c,v 1.71 2026/05/07 20:32:11 kre Exp $");
#endif
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#include <sys/wapbl.h>
#include <sys/wapbl_replay.h>

#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufs_bswap.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufs_wapbl.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>

#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <fstab.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <util.h>

#include "partutil.h"

static union fsun {
        struct fs fs;
        char pad[MAXBSIZE];
} fsun;
#define afs     fsun.fs

static uint16_t opostblsave[32*8];

static union {
        struct cg cg;
        char pad[MAXBSIZE];
} cgun;
#define acg     cgun.cg

static union {
        struct wapbl_wc_header wh;
        struct wapbl_wc_null wn;
        char pad[MAXBSIZE];
} jbuf;
#define awh     jbuf.wh
#define awn     jbuf.wn

#define OPT_FLAG(ch)    (1 << ((ch) & 31))
#define ISOPT(opt)      (opt_flags & (opt))
#define opt_alt_super   OPT_FLAG('a')
#define opt_superblock  OPT_FLAG('s')
#define opt_cg_summary  OPT_FLAG('m')
#define opt_cg_info     OPT_FLAG('c')
#define opt_inodes      OPT_FLAG('i')
#define opt_journal     OPT_FLAG('j')
#define opt_verbose     OPT_FLAG('v')
#define DFLT_CHECK (opt_alt_super | opt_cg_info | opt_inodes | \
    opt_cg_summary | opt_superblock | opt_journal )
#define DFLT_OPTS       (opt_superblock | opt_cg_summary | opt_cg_info | opt_verbose)

static long     dev_bsize = 512;
static int      needswap, printold, is_ufs2;
static int      Fflag;

static uint     opt_flags;

static int      dumpfs(const char *);
static int      print_superblock(struct fs *, uint16_t *, const char *, int, off_t);
static int      print_cgsum(const char *, int);
static int      print_cginfo(const char *, int);
static int      print_inodes(const char *, int, int, int);
static int      print_alt_super(const char *, int);
static int      print_journal(const char *, int);
static void     print_journal_header(const char *);
static off_t    print_journal_entries(const char *, size_t);
static int      dumpcg(const char *, int, int);
static int      openpartition(const char *, int, char *, size_t);
static void     pbits(int, void *, int);
__dead static void      usage(void);
static void     print_ufs1_inode(int, int, void *);
static void     print_ufs2_inode(int, int, void *);
static void     fix_superblock(struct fs *, uint16_t *);

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int ch, eval;

        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "acijmsvF")) != -1)
                switch(ch) {
                case 'a':       /* alternate superblocks */
                case 'c':       /* cylinder group info */
                case 'i':       /* actual inodes */
                case 'j':       /* journal */
                case 'm':       /* cylinder group summary */
                case 's':       /* superblock */
                case 'v':       /* more verbose */
                        opt_flags |= OPT_FLAG(ch);
                        break;
                case 'F':       /* File (not device) */
                        Fflag = 1;
                        break;
                case '?':
                default:
                        usage();
                }
        argc -= optind;
        argv += optind;

        if ((opt_flags & DFLT_CHECK) == 0)
                opt_flags |= DFLT_OPTS;

        if (argc < 1)
                usage();

        for (eval = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
                eval |= dumpfs(*argv);
        }

        exit(eval);
}


static int
dumpfs(const char *name)
{
        static const off_t sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
        char device[MAXPATHLEN];
        int fd, i;
        int rval = 1;

        if (Fflag)
                fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
        else {
                fd = openpartition(name, O_RDONLY, device, sizeof(device));
                name = device;
        }
        if (fd == -1)
                goto err;

        for (i = 0; ; i++) {
                if (sblock_try[i] == -1) {
                        warnx("%s: could not find superblock, skipped", name);
                        return 1;
                }
                if (lseek(fd, sblock_try[i], SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
                        continue;
                if (read(fd, &afs, SBLOCKSIZE) != SBLOCKSIZE)
                        continue;
                switch(afs.fs_magic) {
                case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC:
                case FS_UFS2_MAGIC:
                        is_ufs2 = 1;
                        break;
                case FS_UFS1_MAGIC:
                        break;
                case FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
                case FS_UFS2_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
                        is_ufs2 = 1;
                        needswap = 1;
                        break;
                case FS_UFS1_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
                        needswap = 1;
                        break;
                default:
                        continue;
                }
                fix_superblock(&afs, opostblsave);
                if (printold) {
                        if (sblock_try[i] == SBLOCK_UFS2)
                                /* This might be an alternate superblock */
                                continue;
                } else {
                        if (sblock_try[i] != afs.fs_sblockloc)
                                /* This must be an alternate superblock */
                                continue;
                }
                break;
        }


        dev_bsize = afs.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&afs, 1);

        rval = 0;
        printf("file system: %s\n", name);

        if (ISOPT(opt_superblock))
                rval = print_superblock(&afs, opostblsave, name, fd, sblock_try[i]);
        if (rval == 0 && ISOPT(opt_cg_summary))
                rval = print_cgsum(name, fd);
        if (rval == 0 && ISOPT(opt_alt_super))
                rval = print_alt_super(name, fd);
        if (rval == 0 && ISOPT(opt_journal))
                rval = print_journal(name, fd);
        if (rval == 0 && ISOPT(opt_cg_info))
                rval = print_cginfo(name, fd);
        else if (rval == 0 && ISOPT(opt_inodes))
                rval = print_inodes(name, fd, 0, afs.fs_ncg);

    err:
        if (fd != -1)
                (void)close(fd);
        if (rval)
                warn("%s", name);
        return rval;
}

static void
fix_superblock(struct fs *fs, uint16_t *opostbl)
{
        if (needswap &&
            (((int32_t)bswap32(fs->fs_old_postblformat) == FS_42POSTBLFMT) ||
             (bswap32(fs->fs_old_postbloff) == offsetof(struct fs, fs_old_postbl_start)))) {
                int i;
                memcpy(opostbl, &fs->fs_old_postbl_start, 512);
                for(i=0;i<256;i++)
                        opostbl[i] = bswap16(opostbl[i]);
        } else if (!needswap &&
           ((fs->fs_old_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT) ||
            (fs->fs_old_postbloff == offsetof(struct fs, fs_old_postbl_start)))) {
                memcpy(opostbl, &fs->fs_old_postbl_start, 512);
        }

        if (needswap)
                ffs_sb_swap(fs, fs);

        printold = (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
                    (fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) == 0);
        if (printold) {
                fs->fs_sblockloc = SBLOCK_UFS1;
                fs->fs_flags = fs->fs_old_flags;
                fs->fs_maxbsize = fs->fs_bsize;
                fs->fs_time = fs->fs_old_time;
                fs->fs_size = fs->fs_old_size;
                fs->fs_dsize = fs->fs_old_dsize;
                fs->fs_csaddr = fs->fs_old_csaddr;
                fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir;
                fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
                fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree;
                fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = fs->fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree;
        }

        if (printold && fs->fs_old_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT)
                fs->fs_old_nrpos = 8;
}

static int
print_superblock(struct fs *fs, uint16_t *opostbl,
    const char *name, int fd, off_t sblock)
{
        int i, size;
        time_t t;
        int32_t fsflags;

        printf("format\tFFSv%d%s\n", is_ufs2+1,
               fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2EA_MAGIC ? "ea" : "");
#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
        if (needswap)
#else
        if (!needswap)
#endif
                printf("endian\tbig-endian\n");
        else
                printf("endian\tlittle-endian\n");
        t = fs->fs_time;
        if ((sblock != SBLOCK_UFS1) || ISOPT(opt_alt_super))
                printf("location %lld\t(-b %lld)\n",
                    (long long)sblock, (long long)(sblock/dev_bsize));
        printf("magic\t%-8x\ttime\t%s",
            fs->fs_magic, ctime(&t));

        if (is_ufs2)
                i = -1;
        else {
                i = 0;
                if (fs->fs_old_postblformat != FS_42POSTBLFMT) {
                        i++;
                        if (fs->fs_old_inodefmt >= FS_44INODEFMT) {
                                int max;

                                i++;
                                max = fs->fs_maxcontig;
                                size = fs->fs_contigsumsize;
                                if ((max < 2 && size == 0)
                                    || (max > 1 && size >= MIN(max, FS_MAXCONTIG)))
                                        i++;
                        }
                        if (fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED) {
                                i = 4;
                        }
                }
        }
        if (!printold || fs->fs_sblockloc != SBLOCK_UFS1 ||
            fs->fs_id[0] || fs->fs_id[1])
                printf("superblock location\t%jd\tid\t[ %x %x ]\n",
                    (intmax_t)fs->fs_sblockloc, fs->fs_id[0], fs->fs_id[1]);
        if (!is_ufs2)
                printf("cylgrp\t%s\tinodes\t%s\tsblock\t%s\tfslevel %d\n",
                    i < 1 ? "static" : "dynamic",
                    i < 2 ? "4.2/4.3BSD" : i < 5 ? "4.4BSD" : "FFSv2",
                    i < 4 ? "FFSv1" : "FFSv2", i);
        printf("nbfree\t%lld\tndir\t%lld\tnifree\t%lld\tnffree\t%lld\n",
            (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree,
            (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_ndir,
            (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nifree,
            (long long)fs->fs_cstotal.cs_nffree);
        if (printold)
                printf("ncg\t%d\tncyl\t%d\tsize\t%lld\tblocks\t%lld\n",
                    fs->fs_ncg, fs->fs_old_ncyl, (long long)fs->fs_size, (long long)fs->fs_dsize);
        else
                printf("ncg\t%d\tsize\t%lld\tblocks\t%lld\n",
                    fs->fs_ncg, (long long)fs->fs_size, (long long)fs->fs_dsize);
        printf("bsize\t%d\tshift\t%d\tmask\t0x%08x\n",
            fs->fs_bsize, fs->fs_bshift, fs->fs_bmask);
        printf("fsize\t%d\tshift\t%d\tmask\t0x%08x\n",
            fs->fs_fsize, fs->fs_fshift, fs->fs_fmask);
        printf("frag\t%d\tshift\t%d\tfsbtodb\t%d\n",
            fs->fs_frag, fs->fs_fragshift, fs->fs_fsbtodb);
        if (printold)
                printf("cpg\t%d\t", fs->fs_old_cpg);
        printf("bpg\t%d\tfpg\t%d\tipg\t%d\n",
            fs->fs_fpg / fs->fs_frag, fs->fs_fpg, fs->fs_ipg);
        printf("minfree\t%d%%\toptim\t%s\tmaxcontig %d\tmaxbpg\t%d\n",
            fs->fs_minfree, fs->fs_optim == FS_OPTSPACE ? "space" : "time",
            fs->fs_maxcontig, fs->fs_maxbpg);
        if (printold) {
                printf("rotdelay %dms\theadswitch %dus\ttrackseek %dus\trps\t%d\n",
                    fs->fs_old_rotdelay, fs->fs_old_headswitch,
                    fs->fs_old_trkseek, fs->fs_old_rps);
                printf("ntrak\t%d\tnsect\t%d\tnpsect\t%d\tspc\t%d\n",
                    fs->fs_spare2, fs->fs_old_nsect, fs->fs_old_npsect,
                    fs->fs_old_spc);
        }
        printf("symlinklen %d\t", fs->fs_maxsymlinklen);
        if (printold)
                printf("trackskew %d\tinterleave %d\t",
                    fs->fs_old_trackskew, fs->fs_old_interleave);
        printf("contigsumsize %d\n", fs->fs_contigsumsize);
        printf("maxfilesize 0x%016llx\n",
            (unsigned long long)fs->fs_maxfilesize);
        if (printold)
                printf("nindir\t%d\tinopb\t%d\tnspf\t%d\n", fs->fs_nindir,
                    fs->fs_inopb, fs->fs_old_nspf);
        else 
                printf("nindir\t%d\tinopb\t%d\n", fs->fs_nindir, fs->fs_inopb);
        if (!printold || (fs->fs_avgfilesize > 0) || (fs->fs_avgfpdir > 0))
                printf("avgfilesize %d\tavgfpdir %d\n",
                    fs->fs_avgfilesize, fs->fs_avgfpdir);
        printf("sblkno\t%d\tcblkno\t%d\tiblkno\t%d\tdblkno\t%d\n",
            fs->fs_sblkno, fs->fs_cblkno, fs->fs_iblkno, fs->fs_dblkno);
        printf("sbsize\t%d\tcgsize\t%d", fs->fs_sbsize, fs->fs_cgsize);
        if (printold)
                printf("\toffset\t%d\tmask\t0x%08x",
                    fs->fs_old_cgoffset, fs->fs_old_cgmask);
        printf("\ncsaddr\t%lld\tcssize\t%d",
            (long long)fs->fs_csaddr, fs->fs_cssize);
        if (printold)
                printf("\tshift\t%d\tmask\t0x%08x",
                    fs->fs_old_csshift, fs->fs_old_csmask);
        printf("\ncgrotor\t%d\tfmod\t%d\tronly\t%d\tclean\t0x%02x\n",
            fs->fs_cgrotor, fs->fs_fmod, fs->fs_ronly, fs->fs_clean);
        printf("wapbl version 0x%x\tlocation %u\tflags 0x%x\n",
            fs->fs_journal_version, fs->fs_journal_location,
            fs->fs_journal_flags);
        printf("wapbl loc0 %" PRIu64 "\tloc1 %" PRIu64,
            fs->fs_journallocs[0], fs->fs_journallocs[1]);
        printf("\tloc2 %" PRIu64 "\tloc3 %" PRIu64 "\n",
            fs->fs_journallocs[2], fs->fs_journallocs[3]);
        printf("snapshot inodes");
        for (int s = 0; s < FSMAXSNAP; s++) {
                printf(" %u", fs->fs_snapinum[s]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        printf("usrquota %" PRIu64 "\tgrpquota %" PRIu64 "\n",
                fs->fs_quotafile[USRQUOTA], fs->fs_quotafile[GRPQUOTA]);
        printf("flags\t");
        if (fs->fs_flags == 0)
                printf("none");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN)
                printf("unclean ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP)
                printf("soft-updates ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_NEEDSFSCK)
                printf("needs fsck run ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_SUJ)
                printf("journaled soft-updates ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS)
                printf("posix1e acls ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_NFS4ACLS)
                printf("nfs4 acls ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_MULTILABEL)
                printf("multilabel ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_GJOURNAL)
                printf("gjournal ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED)
                printf("fs_flags expanded ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_DOWAPBL)
                printf("wapbl ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_DOQUOTA2)
                printf("quotas ");
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_TRIM)
                printf("trim ");
        fsflags = fs->fs_flags & ~(FS_UNCLEAN | FS_DOSOFTDEP | FS_NEEDSFSCK |
                        FS_SUJ | FS_POSIX1EACLS | FS_MULTILABEL | FS_GJOURNAL |
                        FS_NFS4ACLS | FS_FLAGS_UPDATED | FS_DOWAPBL |
                        FS_DOQUOTA2 | FS_TRIM);
#ifdef FS_INDEXDIRS
        if (fs->fs_flags & FS_INDEXDIRS)
                printf("indexed directories ");
        fsflags &= ~FS_INDEXDIRS
#endif
        if (fsflags != 0)
                printf("unknown flags (%#x)", fsflags);
        printf("\nfsmnt\t%s\n", fs->fs_fsmnt);
        if (!printold) {
                printf("volname\t%s\tswuid\t%ju\n",
                    fs->fs_volname, (uintmax_t)fs->fs_swuid);
                return 0;
        }

        if (fs->fs_old_cpc != 0)
                printf("blocks available in each of %d rotational "
                       "positions\n", fs->fs_old_nrpos);
        else
                printf("(no rotational position table)\n\n");

        if (!ISOPT(opt_verbose)) {
                return 0;
        }

        for (int c = 0; c < fs->fs_old_cpc; c++) {
                printf("cylinder number %d:", c);
                for (i = 0; i < fs->fs_old_nrpos; i++) {
                        if (old_fs_postbl(&afs, c, opostbl)[i] == -1)
                                continue;
                        printf("\n   position %d:\t", i);
                        for (int j = old_fs_postbl(&afs, c, opostbl)[i], k = 1;
                            ; j += old_fs_rotbl(&afs)[j], k++) {
                                printf("%5d", j);
                                if (k % 12 == 0)
                                        printf("\n\t\t");
                                if (old_fs_rotbl(&afs)[j] == 0)
                                        break;
                        }
                }
                printf("\n");
        }

        return 0;
}

static int
print_cgsum(const char *name, int fd)
{
        struct csum *ccsp;
        int i, j, size;
        uint32_t cgnum;

        afs.fs_csp = calloc(1, afs.fs_cssize);
        for (i = 0, j = 0; i < afs.fs_cssize; i += afs.fs_bsize, j++) {
                size = afs.fs_cssize - i < afs.fs_bsize ?
                    afs.fs_cssize - i : afs.fs_bsize;
                ccsp = (struct csum *)((char *)afs.fs_csp + i);
                if (lseek(fd,
                    (off_t)(FFS_FSBTODB(&afs, (afs.fs_csaddr + j * afs.fs_frag))) *
                    dev_bsize, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
                        return 1;
                if (read(fd, ccsp, size) != size)
                        return 1;
                if (needswap)
                        ffs_csum_swap(ccsp, ccsp, size);
        }

        printf("cs[].cs_(nbfree,ndir,nifree,nffree):\n\t");
        for (cgnum = 0; cgnum < afs.fs_ncg; cgnum++) {
                struct csum *cs = &afs.fs_cs(&afs, cgnum);
                if (i && i % 4 == 0)
                        printf("\n\t");
                printf("(%d,%d,%d,%d) ",
                    cs->cs_nbfree, cs->cs_ndir, cs->cs_nifree, cs->cs_nffree);
        }
        printf("\n");
        if (printold && (afs.fs_old_ncyl % afs.fs_old_cpg)) {
                printf("cylinders in last group %d\n",
                    i = afs.fs_old_ncyl % afs.fs_old_cpg);
                printf("blocks in last group %d\n",
                    i * afs.fs_old_spc / (afs.fs_old_nspf << afs.fs_fragshift));
        }
        free(afs.fs_csp);
        afs.fs_csp = NULL;

        return 0;
}

static int
print_alt_super(const char *name, int fd)
{
        union fsun alt;
        uint32_t i;
        off_t loc;
        uint16_t alt_opostblsave[32*8];
        int save_printold;

        for (i = 0; i < afs.fs_ncg; i++) {
                loc = (off_t)(FFS_FSBTODB(&afs, cgsblock(&afs, i))) * dev_bsize;
                printf("\nalternate %d\n", i);
                if (pread(fd, &alt, sizeof alt, loc) != sizeof alt) {
                        warnx("%s: error reading alt %d", name, i);
                        return (1);
                }
                save_printold = printold;
                fix_superblock(&alt.fs, alt_opostblsave);
                if (print_superblock(&alt.fs, alt_opostblsave, name, fd, loc)) {
                        printold = save_printold;
                        return 1;
                }
                printold = save_printold;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int
print_cginfo(const char *name, int fd)
{
        uint32_t i;

        printf("\n");
        for (i = 0; i < afs.fs_ncg; i++) {
                printf("\n");
                if (dumpcg(name, fd, i))
                        return 1;
                if (ISOPT(opt_inodes) && print_inodes(name, fd, i, 1))
                        return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int
print_inodes(const char *name, int fd, int c, int n)
{
        void *ino_buf = malloc(afs.fs_bsize);
        void (*print_inode)(int, int, void *);
        ino_t inum;
        uint32_t i;

        if (ino_buf == 0)
                return 1;

        print_inode = is_ufs2 ? print_ufs2_inode : print_ufs1_inode;

        for (inum = c * afs.fs_ipg ; inum < (c+n) * afs.fs_ipg; inum += afs.fs_inopb) {
                if (pread(fd, ino_buf, afs.fs_bsize,
                    ino_to_fsba(&afs, inum) * afs.fs_fsize) != afs.fs_bsize) {
                        free(ino_buf);
                        return 1;
                }
                for (i = 0; i < afs.fs_inopb; i++)
                        print_inode(inum + i, i, ino_buf);
        }

        free(ino_buf);
        return 0;
}

static int
dumpcg(const char *name, int fd, int c)
{
        off_t cur;
        int i, j;
        time_t t;

        printf("cg %d:\n", c);
        if ((cur = lseek(fd, (off_t)(FFS_FSBTODB(&afs, cgtod(&afs, c))) * dev_bsize,
            SEEK_SET)) == (off_t)-1)
                return (1);
        if (read(fd, &acg, afs.fs_bsize) != afs.fs_bsize) {
                warnx("%s: error reading cg", name);
                return (1);
        }
        if (needswap)
                ffs_cg_swap(&acg, &acg, &afs);
        if (printold)
                t = acg.cg_old_time;
        else
                t = acg.cg_time;
        printf("magic\t%x\ttell\t%llx\ttime\t%s",
            afs.fs_old_postblformat == FS_42POSTBLFMT ?
            ((struct ocg *)&acg)->cg_magic : acg.cg_magic,
            (long long)cur, ctime(&t));
        if (printold)
                printf("cgx\t%d\tncyl\t%d\tniblk\t%d\tndblk\t%d\n",
                    acg.cg_cgx, acg.cg_old_ncyl, acg.cg_old_niblk,
                    acg.cg_ndblk);
        else
                printf("cgx\t%d\tniblk\t%d\tndblk\t%d\n",
                    acg.cg_cgx, acg.cg_niblk, acg.cg_ndblk);
        printf("nbfree\t%d\tndir\t%d\tnifree\t%d\tnffree\t%d\n",
            acg.cg_cs.cs_nbfree, acg.cg_cs.cs_ndir,
            acg.cg_cs.cs_nifree, acg.cg_cs.cs_nffree);
        printf("rotor\t%d\tirotor\t%d\tfrotor\t%d\nfrsum",
            acg.cg_rotor, acg.cg_irotor, acg.cg_frotor);
        for (i = 1, j = 0; i < afs.fs_frag; i++) {
                printf("\t%d", acg.cg_frsum[i]);
                j += i * acg.cg_frsum[i];
        }
        printf("\nsum of frsum: %d", j);
        if (afs.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
                for (i = 1; i < afs.fs_contigsumsize; i++) {
                        if ((i - 1) % 8 == 0)
                                printf("\nclusters %d-%d:", i,
                                    afs.fs_contigsumsize - 1 < i + 7 ?
                                    afs.fs_contigsumsize - 1 : i + 7);
                        printf("\t%d", cg_clustersum(&acg, 0)[i]);
                }
                printf("\nclusters size %d and over: %d\n",
                    afs.fs_contigsumsize,
                    cg_clustersum(&acg, 0)[afs.fs_contigsumsize]);
                printf("clusters free:\t");
                pbits(0, cg_clustersfree(&acg, 0), acg.cg_nclusterblks);
        } else
                printf("\n");
        printf("iused:\t");
        pbits(0 * c * afs.fs_ipg, cg_inosused(&acg, 0), afs.fs_ipg);
        printf("free:\t");
        pbits(0, cg_blksfree(&acg, 0), afs.fs_fpg);
        if (printold && ISOPT(opt_verbose)) {
                printf("b:\n");
                for (i = 0; i < afs.fs_old_cpg; i++) {
                        if (old_cg_blktot(&acg, 0)[i] == 0)
                                continue;
                        printf("   c%d:\t(%d)\t", i, old_cg_blktot(&acg, 0)[i]);
                        for (j = 0; j < afs.fs_old_nrpos; j++) {
                                if (afs.fs_old_cpc > 0 &&
                                                old_fs_postbl(&afs, i % afs.fs_old_cpc, opostblsave)[j] == -1)
                                        continue;
                                printf(" %d", old_cg_blks(&afs, &acg, i, 0)[j]);
                        }
                        printf("\n");
                }
        }
        return (0);
}

static void
print_ufs1_inode(int inum, int i_off, void *ibuf)
{
        struct ufs1_dinode *i = ibuf;

        i += i_off;

        if (needswap)
                ffs_dinode1_swap(i,i);

        if (afs.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
                i->di_uid = i->di_ouid;
                i->di_gid = i->di_ogid;
        }

        if (inum % afs.fs_ipg == 0)
                printf("   inode:   mode  nlink                 size"
                    "      ctime.nsec         flags     blocks"
                    " generation      uid        gid\n");
        if (i->di_mode == 0 && i->di_nlink == 0 && !ISOPT(opt_verbose))
                return;
        printf("%8u: %6o %6d %20" PRIu64 " %10u.%09u %8x %10u %8x %10u %10u\n",
                inum, i->di_mode, i->di_nlink, i->di_size,
                i->di_ctime, i->di_ctimensec, i->di_flags, i->di_blocks,
                i->di_gen, i->di_uid, i->di_gid);
}

static void
print_ufs2_inode(int inum, int i_off, void *ibuf)
{
        struct ufs2_dinode *i = ibuf;

        i += i_off;

        if (needswap)
                ffs_dinode2_swap(i,i);

        if (inum % afs.fs_ipg == 0)
                printf("   inode:   mode  nlink                 size"
                    "      ctime.nsec         flags     blocks"
                    " generation      uid        gid\n");

        if (i->di_mode == 0 && i->di_nlink == 0 && !ISOPT(opt_verbose))
                return;

        printf("%8u: %6o %6d %20" PRIu64 " %10" PRIu64 ".%09u %8x %10" PRIu64 " %8x %10u %10u\n",
                inum, i->di_mode, i->di_nlink, i->di_size,
                i->di_ctime, i->di_ctimensec, i->di_flags, i->di_blocks,
                i->di_gen, i->di_uid, i->di_gid);
}

static void
pbits(int offset, void *vp, int max)
{
        int i;
        char *p;
        int count, j;

        for (count = i = 0, p = vp; i < max; i++)
                if (isset(p, i)) {
                        if (count)
                                printf(",%s", count % 6 ? " " : "\n\t");
                        count++;
                        printf("%d", offset + i);
                        j = i;
                        while ((i+1)<max && isset(p, i+1))
                                i++;
                        if (i != j)
                                printf("-%d", offset + i);
                }
        printf("\n");
}

static int
print_journal(const char *name, int fd)
{
        daddr_t off;
        size_t count, blklen, bno, skip, seq;
        off_t boff, head, tail, len;
        uint32_t generation;

        if (afs.fs_journal_version != UFS_WAPBL_VERSION)
                return 0;

        generation = 0;
        head = tail = 0;

        switch (afs.fs_journal_location) {
        case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_END_PARTITION:
        case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM:

                off    = afs.fs_journallocs[0];
                count  = afs.fs_journallocs[1];
                blklen = afs.fs_journallocs[2];

                if (blklen == 0) {
                        warnx("%s: zero block length", name);
                        return 1;
                }

                for (seq=0; seq<count; seq += skip / blklen) {

                        if (seq < 2) {
                                bno = seq;
                        } else {
                                bno = tail/blklen + (seq - 2);
                                while (bno >= count)
                                        bno -= (count - 2);
                        }

                        skip = blklen;

                        boff = bno * blklen;
                        if (bno * blklen >= 2 * blklen &&
                          ((head >= tail && (boff < tail || boff >= head)) ||
                          (head < tail && (boff >= head && boff < tail))))
                                continue;

                        printf("journal block %lu offset %lld\n",
                                (unsigned long)bno, (long long) boff);

                        if (lseek(fd, (off_t)(off*blklen) + boff, SEEK_SET)
                            == (off_t)-1)
                                return (1);
                        if (read(fd, &jbuf, blklen) != (ssize_t)blklen) {
                                warnx("%s: error reading journal", name);
                                return 1;
                        }

                        switch (awh.wc_type) {
                        case 0:
                                break;
                        case WAPBL_WC_HEADER:
                                print_journal_header(name);
                                if (awh.wc_generation > generation) {
                                        head = awh.wc_head;
                                        tail = awh.wc_tail;
                                }
                                generation = awh.wc_generation;
                                skip = awh.wc_len;
                                break;
                        default:
                                len = print_journal_entries(name, blklen);
                                if (len != (off_t)awh.wc_len) {
                                        printf("  CORRUPTED RECORD\n");
                                        break;
                                }
                                skip = awh.wc_len;
                                break;
                        }

                        skip = (skip + blklen - 1) / blklen * blklen;
                        if (skip == 0)
                                break;
                }
                break;
        }

        return 0;
}

static const char *
wapbl_type_string(unsigned t)
{
        static char buf[12];

        switch (t) {
        case WAPBL_WC_BLOCKS:
                return "blocks";
        case WAPBL_WC_REVOCATIONS:
                return "revocations";
        case WAPBL_WC_INODES:
                return "inodes";
        case WAPBL_WC_HEADER:
                return "header";
        }

        snprintf(buf,sizeof(buf),"%08x",t);
        return buf;
}

static void
print_journal_header(const char *name)
{
        printf("  type %s len %d  version %u\n",
                wapbl_type_string(awh.wc_type), awh.wc_len,
                awh.wc_version);
        printf("  checksum      %08x  generation %9u\n",
                awh.wc_checksum, awh.wc_generation);
        printf("  fsid %08x.%08x  time %llu nsec %u\n",
                awh.wc_fsid[0], awh.wc_fsid[1],
                (unsigned long long)awh.wc_time, awh.wc_timensec);
        printf("  log_bshift  %10u  fs_bshift %10u\n",
                awh.wc_log_dev_bshift, awh.wc_fs_dev_bshift);
        printf("  head        %10lld  tail      %10lld\n",
                (long long)awh.wc_head, (long long)awh.wc_tail);
        printf("  circ_off    %10lld  circ_size %10lld\n",
                (long long)awh.wc_circ_off, (long long)awh.wc_circ_size);
}

static off_t
print_journal_entries(const char *name, size_t blklen)
{
        int i, n;
        struct wapbl_wc_blocklist *wcb;
        struct wapbl_wc_inodelist *wci;
        off_t len = 0;
        int ph;

        printf("  type %s len %d",
                wapbl_type_string(awn.wc_type), awn.wc_len);

        switch (awn.wc_type) {
        case WAPBL_WC_BLOCKS:
        case WAPBL_WC_REVOCATIONS:
                wcb = (struct wapbl_wc_blocklist *)&awn;
                printf("  blkcount %u\n", wcb->wc_blkcount);
                ph = (blklen - offsetof(struct wapbl_wc_blocklist, wc_blocks))
                        / sizeof(wcb->wc_blocks[0]);
                n = MIN(wcb->wc_blkcount, ph);
                for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
                        if (ISOPT(opt_verbose)) {
                                printf("  %3d: daddr %14llu  dlen %d\n", i,
                                 (unsigned long long)wcb->wc_blocks[i].wc_daddr,
                                 wcb->wc_blocks[i].wc_dlen);
                        }
                        len += wcb->wc_blocks[i].wc_dlen;
                }
                if (awn.wc_type == WAPBL_WC_BLOCKS) {
                        if (len % blklen)
                                len += blklen - len % blklen;
                } else
                        len = 0;
                break;
        case WAPBL_WC_INODES:
                wci = (struct wapbl_wc_inodelist *)&awn;
                printf("  count %u clear %u\n",
                        wci->wc_inocnt, wci->wc_clear);
                ph = (blklen - offsetof(struct wapbl_wc_inodelist, wc_inodes))
                        / sizeof(wci->wc_inodes[0]);
                n = MIN(wci->wc_inocnt, ph);
                for (i=0; i<n; ++i) {
                        if (ISOPT(opt_verbose)) {
                                printf("  %3d: inumber %10u  imode %08x\n", i,
                                        wci->wc_inodes[i].wc_inumber,
                                        wci->wc_inodes[i].wc_imode);
                        }
                }
                break;
        default:
                printf("\n");
                break;
        }

        return len + blklen;
}

static void
usage(void)
{

        (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: dumpfs [-acFijmsv] filesys | device [...]\n");
        exit(1);
}

static int
openpartition(const char *name, int flags, char *device, size_t devicelen)
{
        int             fd, oerrno;

        name = findspecial(name, 1);
        fd = opendisk(name, flags, device, devicelen, 0);
        if (fd == -1 && errno == ENOENT) {
                oerrno = errno;
                strlcpy(device, name, devicelen);
                errno = oerrno;
        }
        return (fd);
}