/* $NetBSD: pci_bwx_bus_mem_chipdep.c,v 1.30 2023/12/06 01:46:34 thorpej Exp $ */

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
 * NASA Ames Research Center.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 Carnegie-Mellon University.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Author: Chris G. Demetriou
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
 * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 *
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
 * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 *
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 *
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 *
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
 * rights to redistribute these changes.
 */

/*
 * Common PCI Chipset "bus I/O" functions, for chipsets which have to
 * deal with only a single PCI interface chip in a machine.
 *
 * uses:
 *      CHIP            name of the 'chip' it's being compiled for.
 *      CHIP_MEM_BASE   Mem space base to use.
 *      CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE
 *                      If defined, device-provided static storage area
 *                      for the memory space arena.  If this is
 *                      defined, CHIP_MEM_BTAG_STORE and CHIP_MEM_BTAG_COUNT
 *                      must also be defined.  If this is not defined, a
 *                      static area will be declared.
 *      CHIP_MEM_BTAG_STORE
 *                      Device-provided static storage area for the
 *                      memory space arena's boundary tags.  Ignored
 *                      unless CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE is defined.
 *      CHIP_MEM_BTAG_COUNT
 *                      The number of device-provided static memory
 *                      space boundary tags.  Ignored unless
 *                      CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE is defined.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: pci_bwx_bus_mem_chipdep.c,v 1.30 2023/12/06 01:46:34 thorpej Exp $");

#include <sys/vmem_impl.h>

#include <machine/bwx.h>

#define __C(A,B)        __CONCAT(A,B)
#define __S(S)          __STRING(S)

/* mapping/unmapping */
static int      __C(CHIP,_mem_map)(void *, bus_addr_t, bus_size_t, int,
                    bus_space_handle_t *, int);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_unmap)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, int);
static int      __C(CHIP,_mem_subregion)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_size_t, bus_space_handle_t *);

static int      __C(CHIP,_mem_translate)(void *, bus_addr_t, bus_size_t,
                    int, struct alpha_bus_space_translation *);
static int      __C(CHIP,_mem_get_window)(void *, int,
                    struct alpha_bus_space_translation *);

/* allocation/deallocation */
static int      __C(CHIP,_mem_alloc)(void *, bus_addr_t, bus_addr_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_size_t, bus_addr_t, int, bus_addr_t *,
                    bus_space_handle_t *);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_free)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t);

/* get kernel virtual address */
static void *   __C(CHIP,_mem_vaddr)(void *, bus_space_handle_t);

/* mmap for user */
static paddr_t  __C(CHIP,_mem_mmap)(void *, bus_addr_t, off_t, int, int);

/* barrier */
static inline void __C(CHIP,_mem_barrier)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_size_t, int);

/* read (single) */
static inline uint8_t __C(CHIP,_mem_read_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t);
static inline uint16_t __C(CHIP,_mem_read_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t);
static inline uint32_t __C(CHIP,_mem_read_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t);
static inline uint64_t __C(CHIP,_mem_read_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t);

/* read multiple */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint8_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint16_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint32_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint64_t *, bus_size_t);

/* read region */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint8_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint16_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint32_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint64_t *, bus_size_t);

/* write (single) */
static inline void __C(CHIP,_mem_write_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint8_t);
static inline void __C(CHIP,_mem_write_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint16_t);
static inline void __C(CHIP,_mem_write_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint32_t);
static inline void __C(CHIP,_mem_write_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint64_t);

/* write multiple */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint8_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint16_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint32_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint64_t *, bus_size_t);

/* write region */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint8_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint16_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint32_t *, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, const uint64_t *, bus_size_t);

/* set multiple */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint8_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint16_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint32_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint64_t, bus_size_t);

/* set region */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint8_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint16_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint32_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, uint64_t, bus_size_t);

/* copy */
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_1)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_space_handle_t, bus_size_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_2)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_space_handle_t, bus_size_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_4)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_space_handle_t, bus_size_t, bus_size_t);
static void     __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_8)(void *, bus_space_handle_t,
                    bus_size_t, bus_space_handle_t, bus_size_t, bus_size_t);

#ifndef CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE
#define CHIP_MEM_BTAG_COUNT(v)  VMEM_EST_BTCOUNT(1, 8)
#define CHIP_MEM_BTAG_STORE(v)  __C(CHIP,_mem_btag_store)
#define CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE(v) (&(__C(CHIP,_mem_arena_store)))

static struct vmem __C(CHIP,_mem_arena_store);
static struct vmem_btag __C(CHIP,_mem_btag_store)[CHIP_MEM_BTAG_COUNT(xxx)];
#endif /* CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE */

void
__C(CHIP,_bus_mem_init)(
        bus_space_tag_t t,
        void *v)
{
        vmem_t *vm;
        int error __diagused;

        /*
         * Initialize the bus space tag.
         */

        /* cookie */
        t->abs_cookie =         v;

        /* mapping/unmapping */
        t->abs_map =            __C(CHIP,_mem_map);
        t->abs_unmap =          __C(CHIP,_mem_unmap);
        t->abs_subregion =      __C(CHIP,_mem_subregion);

        t->abs_translate =      __C(CHIP,_mem_translate);
        t->abs_get_window =     __C(CHIP,_mem_get_window);

        /* allocation/deallocation */
        t->abs_alloc =          __C(CHIP,_mem_alloc);
        t->abs_free =           __C(CHIP,_mem_free);

        /* get kernel virtual address */
        t->abs_vaddr =          __C(CHIP,_mem_vaddr);

        /* mmap for user */
        t->abs_mmap =           __C(CHIP,_mem_mmap);

        /* barrier */
        t->abs_barrier =        __C(CHIP,_mem_barrier);
        
        /* read (single) */
        t->abs_r_1 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_read_1);
        t->abs_r_2 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_read_2);
        t->abs_r_4 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_read_4);
        t->abs_r_8 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_read_8);
        
        /* read multiple */
        t->abs_rm_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_1);
        t->abs_rm_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_2);
        t->abs_rm_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_4);
        t->abs_rm_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_8);
        
        /* read region */
        t->abs_rr_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_1);
        t->abs_rr_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_2);
        t->abs_rr_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_4);
        t->abs_rr_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_8);
        
        /* write (single) */
        t->abs_w_1 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_write_1);
        t->abs_w_2 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_write_2);
        t->abs_w_4 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_write_4);
        t->abs_w_8 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_write_8);
        
        /* write multiple */
        t->abs_wm_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_1);
        t->abs_wm_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_2);
        t->abs_wm_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_4);
        t->abs_wm_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_8);
        
        /* write region */
        t->abs_wr_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_1);
        t->abs_wr_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_2);
        t->abs_wr_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_4);
        t->abs_wr_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_8);

        /* set multiple */
        t->abs_sm_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_1);
        t->abs_sm_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_2);
        t->abs_sm_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_4);
        t->abs_sm_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_8);
        
        /* set region */
        t->abs_sr_1 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_1);
        t->abs_sr_2 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_2);
        t->abs_sr_4 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_4);
        t->abs_sr_8 =           __C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_8);

        /* copy */
        t->abs_c_1 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_1);
        t->abs_c_2 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_2);
        t->abs_c_4 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_4);
        t->abs_c_8 =            __C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_8);

        vm = vmem_init(CHIP_MEM_ARENA_STORE(v),
                       __S(__C(CHIP,_bus_mem)),         /* name */
                       0,                               /* addr */
                       0,                               /* size */
                       1,                               /* quantum */
                       NULL,                            /* importfn */
                       NULL,                            /* releasefn */
                       NULL,                            /* source */
                       0,                               /* qcache_max */
                       VM_NOSLEEP | VM_PRIVTAGS,
                       IPL_NONE);
        KASSERT(vm != NULL);

        vmem_add_bts(vm, CHIP_MEM_BTAG_STORE(v), CHIP_MEM_BTAG_COUNT(v));
        error = vmem_add(vm, 0, 0x100000000UL, VM_NOSLEEP);
        KASSERT(error == 0);

        CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v) = vm;
}

static int
__C(CHIP,_mem_translate)(
        void *v,
        bus_addr_t memaddr,
        bus_size_t memlen,
        int flags,
        struct alpha_bus_space_translation *abst)
{

        /* XXX */
        return (EOPNOTSUPP);
}

static int
__C(CHIP,_mem_get_window)(
        void *v,
        int window,
        struct alpha_bus_space_translation *abst)
{

        switch (window) {
        case 0:
                abst->abst_bus_start = 0;
                abst->abst_bus_end = 0xffffffffUL;
                abst->abst_sys_start = CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v);
                abst->abst_sys_end = CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v) + abst->abst_bus_end;
                abst->abst_addr_shift = 0;
                abst->abst_size_shift = 0;
                abst->abst_flags = ABST_DENSE|ABST_BWX;
                break;

        default:
                panic(__S(__C(CHIP,_mem_get_window)) ": invalid window %d",
                    window);
        }

        return (0);
}

static int
__C(CHIP,_mem_map)(
        void *v,
        bus_addr_t memaddr,
        bus_size_t memsize,
        int flags,
        bus_space_handle_t *memhp,
        int acct)
{
        int error;

        if (acct == 0)
                goto mapit;

#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
        printf("mem: allocating 0x%lx to 0x%lx\n", memaddr,
            memaddr + memsize - 1);
#endif
        error = vmem_xalloc_addr(CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v), memaddr, memsize,
            VM_NOSLEEP);
        if (error) {
#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
                printf("mem: allocation failed (%d)\n", error);
                /* vmem_print(CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v));       XXX */
#endif
                return (error);
        }

 mapit:
        *memhp = ALPHA_PHYS_TO_K0SEG(CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v)) + memaddr;

        return (0);
}

static void
__C(CHIP,_mem_unmap)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t memsize,
        int acct)
{
        bus_addr_t memaddr;

        if (acct == 0)
                return;

#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
        printf("mem: freeing handle 0x%lx for 0x%lx\n", memh, memsize);
#endif

        memaddr = memh - ALPHA_PHYS_TO_K0SEG(CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v));

#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
        printf("mem: freeing 0x%lx to 0x%lx\n", memaddr, memaddr + memsize - 1);
#endif

        vmem_xfree(CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v), memaddr, memsize);
}

static int
__C(CHIP,_mem_subregion)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t offset,
        bus_size_t size,
        bus_space_handle_t *nmemh)
{

        *nmemh = memh + offset;
        return (0);
}

static int
__C(CHIP,_mem_alloc)(
        void *v,
        bus_addr_t rstart,
        bus_addr_t rend,
        bus_size_t size,
        bus_size_t align,
        bus_size_t boundary,
        int flags,
        bus_addr_t *addrp,
        bus_space_handle_t *bshp)
{
        vmem_addr_t memaddr;
        int error;

        /*
         * Do the requested allocation.
         */
#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
        printf("mem: allocating from 0x%lx to 0x%lx\n", rstart, rend);
#endif
        error = vmem_xalloc(CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v), size,
                            align,              /* align */
                            0,                  /* phase */
                            boundary,           /* nocross */
                            rstart,             /* minaddr */
                            rend,               /* maxaddr */
                            VM_BESTFIT | VM_NOSLEEP,
                            &memaddr);
        if (error) {
#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
                printf("mem: allocation failed (%d)\n", error);
                /* vmem_print(CHIP_MEM_ARENA(v));       XXX */
#endif
        }

#ifdef EXTENT_DEBUG
        printf("mem: allocated 0x%lx to 0x%lx\n", memaddr, memaddr + size - 1);
#endif

        *addrp = memaddr;
        *bshp = ALPHA_PHYS_TO_K0SEG(CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v)) + memaddr;

        return (0);
}

static void
__C(CHIP,_mem_free)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t bsh,
        bus_size_t size)
{

        /* Unmap does all we need to do. */
        __C(CHIP,_mem_unmap)(v, bsh, size, 1);
}

static void *
__C(CHIP,_mem_vaddr)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t bsh)
{

        return ((void *)bsh);
}

static paddr_t
__C(CHIP,_mem_mmap)(
        void *v,
        bus_addr_t addr,
        off_t off,
        int prot,
        int flags)
{

        return (alpha_btop(CHIP_MEM_SYS_START(v) + addr + off));
}

static inline void
__C(CHIP,_mem_barrier)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t h,
        bus_size_t o,
        bus_size_t l,
        int f)
{

        if ((f & BUS_SPACE_BARRIER_READ) != 0)
                alpha_mb();
        else if ((f & BUS_SPACE_BARRIER_WRITE) != 0)
                alpha_wmb();
}

static inline uint8_t
__C(CHIP,_mem_read_1)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
        alpha_mb();
        return (alpha_ldbu((uint8_t *)addr));
}

static inline uint16_t
__C(CHIP,_mem_read_2)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (addr & 1)
                panic(__S(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_2)) ": addr 0x%lx not aligned",
                    addr);
#endif
        alpha_mb();
        return (alpha_ldwu((uint16_t *)addr));
}

static inline uint32_t
__C(CHIP,_mem_read_4)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (addr & 3)
                panic(__S(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_4)) ": addr 0x%lx not aligned",
                    addr);
#endif
        alpha_mb();
        return (*(uint32_t *)addr);
}

static inline uint64_t
__C(CHIP,_mem_read_8)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off)
{

        alpha_mb();

        /* XXX XXX XXX */
        panic("%s not implemented", __S(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_8)));
}

#define CHIP_mem_read_multi_N(BYTES,TYPE)                               \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_multi_),BYTES)(                                  \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        TYPE *a,                                                        \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                __C(CHIP,_mem_barrier)(v, h, o, sizeof *a,              \
                    BUS_SPACE_BARRIER_READ);                            \
                *a++ = __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_),BYTES)(v, h, o);        \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_read_multi_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_read_multi_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_read_multi_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_read_multi_N(8,uint64_t)

#define CHIP_mem_read_region_N(BYTES,TYPE)                              \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_region_),BYTES)(                                 \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        TYPE *a,                                                        \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                *a++ = __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_),BYTES)(v, h, o);        \
                o += sizeof *a;                                         \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_read_region_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_read_region_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_read_region_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_read_region_N(8,uint64_t)

static inline void
__C(CHIP,_mem_write_1)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off,
        uint8_t val)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
        alpha_stb((uint8_t *)addr, val);
        alpha_mb();
}

static inline void
__C(CHIP,_mem_write_2)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off,
        uint16_t val)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (addr & 1)
                panic(__S(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_2)) ": addr 0x%lx not aligned",
                    addr);
#endif
        alpha_stw((uint16_t *)addr, val);
        alpha_mb();
}

static inline void
__C(CHIP,_mem_write_4)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off,
        uint32_t val)
{
        bus_addr_t addr;

        addr = memh + off;
#ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
        if (addr & 3)
                panic(__S(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_4)) ": addr 0x%lx not aligned",
                    addr);
#endif
        *(uint32_t *)addr = val;
        alpha_mb();
}

static inline void
__C(CHIP,_mem_write_8)(
        void *v,
        bus_space_handle_t memh,
        bus_size_t off,
        uint64_t val)
{

        /* XXX XXX XXX */
        panic("%s not implemented", __S(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_8)));
        alpha_mb();
}

#define CHIP_mem_write_multi_N(BYTES,TYPE)                              \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_multi_),BYTES)(                                 \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        const TYPE *a,                                                  \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h, o, *a++);        \
                __C(CHIP,_mem_barrier)(v, h, o, sizeof *a,              \
                    BUS_SPACE_BARRIER_WRITE);                           \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_write_multi_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_write_multi_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_write_multi_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_write_multi_N(8,uint64_t)

#define CHIP_mem_write_region_N(BYTES,TYPE)                             \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_region_),BYTES)(                                \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        const TYPE *a,                                                  \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h, o, *a++);        \
                o += sizeof *a;                                         \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_write_region_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_write_region_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_write_region_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_write_region_N(8,uint64_t)

#define CHIP_mem_set_multi_N(BYTES,TYPE)                                \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_set_multi_),BYTES)(                                   \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        TYPE val,                                                       \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h, o, val);         \
                __C(CHIP,_mem_barrier)(v, h, o, sizeof val,             \
                    BUS_SPACE_BARRIER_WRITE);                           \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_set_multi_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_set_multi_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_set_multi_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_set_multi_N(8,uint64_t)

#define CHIP_mem_set_region_N(BYTES,TYPE)                               \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_set_region_),BYTES)(                                  \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h,                                           \
        bus_size_t o,                                                   \
        TYPE val,                                                       \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
                                                                        \
        while (c-- > 0) {                                               \
                __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h, o, val);         \
                o += sizeof val;                                        \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_set_region_N(1,uint8_t)
CHIP_mem_set_region_N(2,uint16_t)
CHIP_mem_set_region_N(4,uint32_t)
CHIP_mem_set_region_N(8,uint64_t)

#define CHIP_mem_copy_region_N(BYTES)                                   \
static void                                                             \
__C(__C(CHIP,_mem_copy_region_),BYTES)(                                 \
        void *v,                                                        \
        bus_space_handle_t h1,                                          \
        bus_size_t o1,                                                  \
        bus_space_handle_t h2,                                          \
        bus_size_t o2,                                                  \
        bus_size_t c)                                                   \
{                                                                       \
        bus_size_t o;                                                   \
                                                                        \
        if ((h1 + o1) >= (h2 + o2)) {                                   \
                /* src after dest: copy forward */                      \
                for (o = 0; c != 0; c--, o += BYTES) {                  \
                        __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h2, o2 + o, \
                            __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_),BYTES)(v, h1, o1 + o)); \
                }                                                       \
        } else {                                                        \
                /* dest after src: copy backwards */                    \
                for (o = (c - 1) * BYTES; c != 0; c--, o -= BYTES) {    \
                        __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_write_),BYTES)(v, h2, o2 + o, \
                            __C(__C(CHIP,_mem_read_),BYTES)(v, h1, o1 + o)); \
                }                                                       \
        }                                                               \
}
CHIP_mem_copy_region_N(1)
CHIP_mem_copy_region_N(2)
CHIP_mem_copy_region_N(4)
CHIP_mem_copy_region_N(8)