#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/ktime.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include "mtd_test.h"
#define RETRIES 3
static int eb = 8;
module_param(eb, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(eb, "eraseblock number within the selected MTD device");
static int ebcnt = 32;
module_param(ebcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ebcnt, "number of consecutive eraseblocks to torture");
static int pgcnt;
module_param(pgcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(pgcnt, "number of pages per eraseblock to torture (0 => all)");
static int dev = -EINVAL;
module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
static int gran = 512;
module_param(gran, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(gran, "how often the status information should be printed");
static int check = 1;
module_param(check, int, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(check, "if the written data should be checked");
static unsigned int cycles_count;
module_param(cycles_count, uint, S_IRUGO);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(cycles_count, "how many erase cycles to do "
"(infinite by default)");
static struct mtd_info *mtd;
static unsigned char *patt_5A5;
static unsigned char *patt_A5A;
static unsigned char *patt_FF;
static unsigned char *check_buf;
static unsigned int erase_cycles;
static int pgsize;
static ktime_t start, finish;
static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written);
static inline void start_timing(void)
{
start = ktime_get();
}
static inline void stop_timing(void)
{
finish = ktime_get();
}
static inline int check_eraseblock(int ebnum, unsigned char *buf)
{
int err, retries = 0;
size_t read;
loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
if (pgcnt) {
addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
len = pgcnt * pgsize;
}
retry:
err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, len, &read, check_buf);
if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
pr_err("single bit flip occurred at EB %d "
"MTD reported that it was fixed.\n", ebnum);
else if (err) {
pr_err("error %d while reading EB %d, "
"read %zd\n", err, ebnum, read);
return err;
}
if (read != len) {
pr_err("failed to read %zd bytes from EB %d, "
"read only %zd, but no error reported\n",
len, ebnum, read);
return -EIO;
}
if (memcmp(buf, check_buf, len)) {
pr_err("read wrong data from EB %d\n", ebnum);
report_corrupt(check_buf, buf);
if (retries++ < RETRIES) {
yield();
pr_info("re-try reading data from EB %d\n",
ebnum);
goto retry;
} else {
pr_info("retried %d times, still errors, "
"give-up\n", RETRIES);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
if (retries != 0)
pr_info("only attempt number %d was OK (!!!)\n",
retries);
return 0;
}
static inline int write_pattern(int ebnum, void *buf)
{
int err;
size_t written;
loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
if (pgcnt) {
addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
len = pgcnt * pgsize;
}
err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, len, &written, buf);
if (err) {
pr_err("error %d while writing EB %d, written %zd"
" bytes\n", err, ebnum, written);
return err;
}
if (written != len) {
pr_info("written only %zd bytes of %zd, but no error"
" reported\n", written, len);
return -EIO;
}
return 0;
}
static int __init tort_init(void)
{
int err = 0, i, infinite = !cycles_count;
unsigned char *bad_ebs;
printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
pr_info("Warning: this program is trying to wear out your "
"flash, stop it if this is not wanted.\n");
if (dev < 0) {
pr_info("Please specify a valid mtd-device via module parameter\n");
pr_crit("CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
pr_info("MTD device: %d\n", dev);
pr_info("torture %d eraseblocks (%d-%d) of mtd%d\n",
ebcnt, eb, eb + ebcnt - 1, dev);
if (pgcnt)
pr_info("torturing just %d pages per eraseblock\n",
pgcnt);
pr_info("write verify %s\n", check ? "enabled" : "disabled");
mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
pr_err("error: cannot get MTD device\n");
return err;
}
if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
pr_info("not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
"bytes.\n");
pgsize = 512;
} else
pgsize = mtd->writesize;
if (pgcnt && (pgcnt > mtd->erasesize / pgsize || pgcnt < 0)) {
pr_err("error: invalid pgcnt value %d\n", pgcnt);
goto out_mtd;
}
err = -ENOMEM;
patt_5A5 = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!patt_5A5)
goto out_mtd;
patt_A5A = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!patt_A5A)
goto out_patt_5A5;
patt_FF = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!patt_FF)
goto out_patt_A5A;
check_buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!check_buf)
goto out_patt_FF;
bad_ebs = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!bad_ebs)
goto out_check_buf;
memset(patt_FF, 0xFF, mtd->erasesize);
for (i = 0; i < mtd->erasesize / pgsize; i++) {
if (!(i & 1)) {
memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
} else {
memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
}
}
err = mtdtest_scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
if (err)
goto out;
start_timing();
while (1) {
int i;
void *patt;
err = mtdtest_erase_good_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
if (err)
goto out;
if (check) {
for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
continue;
err = check_eraseblock(i, patt_FF);
if (err) {
pr_info("verify failed"
" for 0xFF... pattern\n");
goto out;
}
err = mtdtest_relax();
if (err)
goto out;
}
}
for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
continue;
if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
patt = patt_5A5;
else
patt = patt_A5A;
err = write_pattern(i, patt);
if (err)
goto out;
err = mtdtest_relax();
if (err)
goto out;
}
if (check) {
for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
continue;
if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
patt = patt_5A5;
else
patt = patt_A5A;
err = check_eraseblock(i, patt);
if (err) {
pr_info("verify failed for %s"
" pattern\n",
((eb + erase_cycles) & 1) ?
"0x55AA55..." : "0xAA55AA...");
goto out;
}
err = mtdtest_relax();
if (err)
goto out;
}
}
erase_cycles += 1;
if (erase_cycles % gran == 0) {
long ms;
stop_timing();
ms = ktime_ms_delta(finish, start);
pr_info("%08u erase cycles done, took %lu "
"milliseconds (%lu seconds)\n",
erase_cycles, ms, ms / 1000);
start_timing();
}
if (!infinite && --cycles_count == 0)
break;
}
out:
pr_info("finished after %u erase cycles\n",
erase_cycles);
kfree(bad_ebs);
out_check_buf:
kfree(check_buf);
out_patt_FF:
kfree(patt_FF);
out_patt_A5A:
kfree(patt_A5A);
out_patt_5A5:
kfree(patt_5A5);
out_mtd:
put_mtd_device(mtd);
if (err)
pr_info("error %d occurred during torturing\n", err);
printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
return err;
}
module_init(tort_init);
static void __exit tort_exit(void)
{
return;
}
module_exit(tort_exit);
static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
unsigned *bitsp);
static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
int len);
static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written)
{
int i;
int bytes, bits, pages, first;
int offset, len;
size_t check_len = mtd->erasesize;
if (pgcnt)
check_len = pgcnt * pgsize;
bytes = bits = pages = 0;
for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize)
if (countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
&bits) >= 0)
pages++;
pr_info("verify fails on %d pages, %d bytes/%d bits\n",
pages, bytes, bits);
pr_info("The following is a list of all differences between"
" what was read from flash and what was expected\n");
for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize) {
cond_resched();
bytes = bits = 0;
first = countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
&bits);
if (first < 0)
continue;
printk("-------------------------------------------------------"
"----------------------------------\n");
pr_info("Page %zd has %d bytes/%d bits failing verify,"
" starting at offset 0x%x\n",
(mtd->erasesize - check_len + i) / pgsize,
bytes, bits, first);
offset = first & ~0x7;
len = ((first + bytes) | 0x7) + 1 - offset;
print_bufs(read, written, offset, len);
}
}
static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
int len)
{
int i = 0, j1, j2;
char *diff;
printk("Offset Read Written\n");
while (i < len) {
printk("0x%08x: ", start + i);
diff = " ";
for (j1 = 0; j1 < 8 && i + j1 < len; j1++) {
printk(" %02x", read[start + i + j1]);
if (read[start + i + j1] != written[start + i + j1])
diff = "***";
}
while (j1 < 8) {
printk(" ");
j1 += 1;
}
printk(" %s ", diff);
for (j2 = 0; j2 < 8 && i + j2 < len; j2++)
printk(" %02x", written[start + i + j2]);
printk("\n");
i += 8;
}
}
static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
unsigned *bitsp)
{
unsigned i, bit;
int first = -1;
for (i = offset; i < offset + len; i++)
if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
first = i;
break;
}
while (i < offset + len) {
if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
(*bytesp)++;
bit = 1;
while (bit < 256) {
if ((buf[i] & bit) != (check_buf[i] & bit))
(*bitsp)++;
bit <<= 1;
}
}
i++;
}
return first;
}
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Eraseblock torturing module");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adrian Hunter");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
