// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * Tty buffer allocation management
 */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/minmax.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/tty_buffer.h>
#include <linux/tty_driver.h>
#include <linux/tty_flip.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
#include "tty.h"

#define MIN_TTYB_SIZE   256
#define TTYB_ALIGN_MASK 0xff

/*
 * Byte threshold to limit memory consumption for flip buffers.
 * The actual memory limit is > 2x this amount.
 */
#define TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT  (640 * 1024UL)

/*
 * We default to dicing tty buffer allocations to this many characters
 * in order to avoid multiple page allocations. We know the size of
 * tty_buffer itself but it must also be taken into account that the
 * buffer is 256 byte aligned. See tty_buffer_find for the allocation
 * logic this must match.
 */

#define TTY_BUFFER_PAGE (((PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct tty_buffer)) / 2) & ~TTYB_ALIGN_MASK)

/**
 * tty_buffer_lock_exclusive    -       gain exclusive access to buffer
 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
 *
 * Guarantees safe use of the &tty_ldisc_ops.receive_buf() method by excluding
 * the buffer work and any pending flush from using the flip buffer. Data can
 * continue to be added concurrently to the flip buffer from the driver side.
 *
 * See also tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive().
 */
void tty_buffer_lock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;

        atomic_inc(&buf->priority);
        mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_lock_exclusive);

/**
 * tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive  -       release exclusive access
 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
 *
 * The buffer work is restarted if there is data in the flip buffer.
 *
 * See also tty_buffer_lock_exclusive().
 */
void tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive(struct tty_port *port)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
        bool restart = buf->head->commit != buf->head->read;

        atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
        mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);

        if (restart)
                queue_work(system_dfl_wq, &buf->work);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_unlock_exclusive);

/**
 * tty_buffer_space_avail       -       return unused buffer space
 * @port: tty port owning the flip buffer
 *
 * Returns: the # of bytes which can be written by the driver without reaching
 * the buffer limit.
 *
 * Note: this does not guarantee that memory is available to write the returned
 * # of bytes (use tty_prepare_flip_string() to pre-allocate if memory
 * guarantee is required).
 */
unsigned int tty_buffer_space_avail(struct tty_port *port)
{
        int space = port->buf.mem_limit - atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used);

        return max(space, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_space_avail);

static void tty_buffer_reset(struct tty_buffer *p, size_t size)
{
        p->used = 0;
        p->size = size;
        p->next = NULL;
        p->commit = 0;
        p->lookahead = 0;
        p->read = 0;
        p->flags = true;
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_free_all          -       free buffers used by a tty
 * @port: tty port to free from
 *
 * Remove all the buffers pending on a tty whether queued with data or in the
 * free ring. Must be called when the tty is no longer in use.
 */
void tty_buffer_free_all(struct tty_port *port)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
        struct tty_buffer *p, *next;
        struct llist_node *llist;
        unsigned int freed = 0;
        int still_used;

        while ((p = buf->head) != NULL) {
                buf->head = p->next;
                freed += p->size;
                if (p->size > 0)
                        kfree(p);
        }
        llist = llist_del_all(&buf->free);
        llist_for_each_entry_safe(p, next, llist, free)
                kfree(p);

        tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
        buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
        buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;

        still_used = atomic_xchg(&buf->mem_used, 0);
        WARN(still_used != freed, "we still have not freed %d bytes!",
                        still_used - freed);
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_alloc     -       allocate a tty buffer
 * @port: tty port
 * @size: desired size (characters)
 *
 * Allocate a new tty buffer to hold the desired number of characters. We
 * round our buffers off in 256 character chunks to get better allocation
 * behaviour.
 *
 * Returns: %NULL if out of memory or the allocation would exceed the per
 * device queue.
 */
static struct tty_buffer *tty_buffer_alloc(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
{
        struct llist_node *free;
        struct tty_buffer *p;

        /* Round the buffer size out */
        size = __ALIGN_MASK(size, TTYB_ALIGN_MASK);

        if (size <= MIN_TTYB_SIZE) {
                free = llist_del_first(&port->buf.free);
                if (free) {
                        p = llist_entry(free, struct tty_buffer, free);
                        goto found;
                }
        }

        /* Should possibly check if this fails for the largest buffer we
         * have queued and recycle that ?
         */
        if (atomic_read(&port->buf.mem_used) > port->buf.mem_limit)
                return NULL;
        p = kmalloc_flex(*p, data, 2 * size, GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
        if (p == NULL)
                return NULL;

found:
        tty_buffer_reset(p, size);
        atomic_add(size, &port->buf.mem_used);
        return p;
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_free              -       free a tty buffer
 * @port: tty port owning the buffer
 * @b: the buffer to free
 *
 * Free a tty buffer, or add it to the free list according to our internal
 * strategy.
 */
static void tty_buffer_free(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *b)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;

        /* Dumb strategy for now - should keep some stats */
        WARN_ON(atomic_sub_return(b->size, &buf->mem_used) < 0);

        if (b->size > MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
                kfree(b);
        else if (b->size > 0)
                llist_add(&b->free, &buf->free);
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_flush             -       flush full tty buffers
 * @tty: tty to flush
 * @ld: optional ldisc ptr (must be referenced)
 *
 * Flush all the buffers containing receive data. If @ld != %NULL, flush the
 * ldisc input buffer.
 *
 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer 'consumer'.
 */
void tty_buffer_flush(struct tty_struct *tty, struct tty_ldisc *ld)
{
        struct tty_port *port = tty->port;
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
        struct tty_buffer *next;

        atomic_inc(&buf->priority);

        mutex_lock(&buf->lock);
        /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room; ensures there are
         * no pending memory accesses to the freed buffer
         */
        while ((next = smp_load_acquire(&buf->head->next)) != NULL) {
                tty_buffer_free(port, buf->head);
                buf->head = next;
        }
        buf->head->read = buf->head->commit;
        buf->head->lookahead = buf->head->read;

        if (ld && ld->ops->flush_buffer)
                ld->ops->flush_buffer(tty);

        atomic_dec(&buf->priority);
        mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);
}

/**
 * __tty_buffer_request_room    -       grow tty buffer if needed
 * @port: tty port
 * @size: size desired
 * @flags: buffer has to store flags along character data
 *
 * Make at least @size bytes of linear space available for the tty buffer.
 *
 * Will change over to a new buffer if the current buffer is encoded as
 * %TTY_NORMAL (so has no flags buffer) and the new buffer requires a flags
 * buffer.
 *
 * Returns: the size we managed to find.
 */
static int __tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size,
                                     bool flags)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
        struct tty_buffer *n, *b = buf->tail;
        size_t left = (b->flags ? 1 : 2) * b->size - b->used;
        bool change = !b->flags && flags;

        if (!change && left >= size)
                return size;

        /* This is the slow path - looking for new buffers to use */
        n = tty_buffer_alloc(port, size);
        if (n == NULL)
                return change ? 0 : left;

        n->flags = flags;
        buf->tail = n;
        /*
         * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc() and lookahead_bufs()
         * ensures they see all buffer data.
         */
        smp_store_release(&b->commit, b->used);
        /*
         * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc() and lookahead_bufs()
         * ensures the latest commit value can be read before the head
         * is advanced to the next buffer.
         */
        smp_store_release(&b->next, n);

        return size;
}

int tty_buffer_request_room(struct tty_port *port, size_t size)
{
        return __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, true);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_request_room);

size_t __tty_insert_flip_string_flags(struct tty_port *port, const u8 *chars,
                                      const u8 *flags, bool mutable_flags,
                                      size_t size)
{
        bool need_flags = mutable_flags || flags[0] != TTY_NORMAL;
        size_t copied = 0;

        do {
                size_t goal = min_t(size_t, size - copied, TTY_BUFFER_PAGE);
                size_t space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, goal, need_flags);
                struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;

                if (unlikely(space == 0))
                        break;

                memcpy(char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), chars, space);

                if (mutable_flags) {
                        memcpy(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flags, space);
                        flags += space;
                } else if (tb->flags) {
                        memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), flags[0], space);
                } else {
                        /* tb->flags should be available once requested */
                        WARN_ON_ONCE(need_flags);
                }

                tb->used += space;
                copied += space;
                chars += space;

                /* There is a small chance that we need to split the data over
                 * several buffers. If this is the case we must loop.
                 */
        } while (unlikely(size > copied));

        return copied;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(__tty_insert_flip_string_flags);

/**
 * tty_prepare_flip_string      -       make room for characters
 * @port: tty port
 * @chars: return pointer for character write area
 * @size: desired size
 *
 * Prepare a block of space in the buffer for data.
 *
 * This is used for drivers that need their own block copy routines into the
 * buffer. There is no guarantee the buffer is a DMA target!
 *
 * Returns: the length available and buffer pointer (@chars) to the space which
 * is now allocated and accounted for as ready for normal characters.
 */
size_t tty_prepare_flip_string(struct tty_port *port, u8 **chars, size_t size)
{
        size_t space = __tty_buffer_request_room(port, size, false);

        if (likely(space)) {
                struct tty_buffer *tb = port->buf.tail;

                *chars = char_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used);
                if (tb->flags)
                        memset(flag_buf_ptr(tb, tb->used), TTY_NORMAL, space);
                tb->used += space;
        }

        return space;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_prepare_flip_string);

/**
 * tty_ldisc_receive_buf        -       forward data to line discipline
 * @ld: line discipline to process input
 * @p: char buffer
 * @f: %TTY_NORMAL, %TTY_BREAK, etc. flags buffer
 * @count: number of bytes to process
 *
 * Callers other than flush_to_ldisc() need to exclude the kworker from
 * concurrent use of the line discipline, see paste_selection().
 *
 * Returns: the number of bytes processed.
 */
size_t tty_ldisc_receive_buf(struct tty_ldisc *ld, const u8 *p, const u8 *f,
                             size_t count)
{
        if (ld->ops->receive_buf2)
                count = ld->ops->receive_buf2(ld->tty, p, f, count);
        else {
                count = min_t(size_t, count, ld->tty->receive_room);
                if (count && ld->ops->receive_buf)
                        ld->ops->receive_buf(ld->tty, p, f, count);
        }
        return count;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_ldisc_receive_buf);

static void lookahead_bufs(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *head)
{
        head->lookahead = max(head->lookahead, head->read);

        while (head) {
                struct tty_buffer *next;
                unsigned int count;

                /*
                 * Paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room();
                 * ensures commit value read is not stale if the head
                 * is advancing to the next buffer.
                 */
                next = smp_load_acquire(&head->next);
                /*
                 * Paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room() or in
                 * tty_buffer_flush(); ensures we see the committed buffer data.
                 */
                count = smp_load_acquire(&head->commit) - head->lookahead;
                if (!count) {
                        head = next;
                        continue;
                }

                if (port->client_ops->lookahead_buf) {
                        u8 *p, *f = NULL;

                        p = char_buf_ptr(head, head->lookahead);
                        if (head->flags)
                                f = flag_buf_ptr(head, head->lookahead);

                        port->client_ops->lookahead_buf(port, p, f, count);
                }

                head->lookahead += count;
        }
}

static size_t
receive_buf(struct tty_port *port, struct tty_buffer *head, size_t count)
{
        u8 *p = char_buf_ptr(head, head->read);
        const u8 *f = NULL;
        size_t n;

        if (head->flags)
                f = flag_buf_ptr(head, head->read);

        n = port->client_ops->receive_buf(port, p, f, count);
        if (n > 0)
                memset(p, 0, n);
        return n;
}

/**
 * flush_to_ldisc               -       flush data from buffer to ldisc
 * @work: tty structure passed from work queue.
 *
 * This routine is called out of the software interrupt to flush data from the
 * buffer chain to the line discipline.
 *
 * The receive_buf() method is single threaded for each tty instance.
 *
 * Locking: takes buffer lock to ensure single-threaded flip buffer 'consumer'.
 */
static void flush_to_ldisc(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct tty_port *port = container_of(work, struct tty_port, buf.work);
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;

        mutex_lock(&buf->lock);

        while (1) {
                struct tty_buffer *head = buf->head;
                struct tty_buffer *next;
                size_t count, rcvd;

                /* Ldisc or user is trying to gain exclusive access */
                if (atomic_read(&buf->priority))
                        break;

                /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room();
                 * ensures commit value read is not stale if the head
                 * is advancing to the next buffer
                 */
                next = smp_load_acquire(&head->next);
                /* paired w/ release in __tty_buffer_request_room() or in
                 * tty_buffer_flush(); ensures we see the committed buffer data
                 */
                count = smp_load_acquire(&head->commit) - head->read;
                if (!count) {
                        if (next == NULL)
                                break;
                        buf->head = next;
                        tty_buffer_free(port, head);
                        continue;
                }

                rcvd = receive_buf(port, head, count);
                head->read += rcvd;
                if (rcvd < count)
                        lookahead_bufs(port, head);
                if (!rcvd)
                        break;

                cond_resched();
        }

        mutex_unlock(&buf->lock);

}

static inline void tty_flip_buffer_commit(struct tty_buffer *tail)
{
        /*
         * Paired w/ acquire in flush_to_ldisc(); ensures flush_to_ldisc() sees
         * buffer data.
         */
        smp_store_release(&tail->commit, tail->used);
}

/**
 * tty_flip_buffer_push         -       push terminal buffers
 * @port: tty port to push
 *
 * Queue a push of the terminal flip buffers to the line discipline. Can be
 * called from IRQ/atomic context.
 *
 * In the event of the queue being busy for flipping the work will be held off
 * and retried later.
 */
void tty_flip_buffer_push(struct tty_port *port)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;

        tty_flip_buffer_commit(buf->tail);
        queue_work(system_dfl_wq, &buf->work);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(tty_flip_buffer_push);

/**
 * tty_insert_flip_string_and_push_buffer - add characters to the tty buffer and
 *      push
 * @port: tty port
 * @chars: characters
 * @size: size
 *
 * The function combines tty_insert_flip_string() and tty_flip_buffer_push()
 * with the exception of properly holding the @port->lock.
 *
 * To be used only internally (by pty currently).
 *
 * Returns: the number added.
 */
int tty_insert_flip_string_and_push_buffer(struct tty_port *port,
                                           const u8 *chars, size_t size)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;
        unsigned long flags;

        spin_lock_irqsave(&port->lock, flags);
        size = tty_insert_flip_string(port, chars, size);
        if (size)
                tty_flip_buffer_commit(buf->tail);
        spin_unlock_irqrestore(&port->lock, flags);

        queue_work(system_dfl_wq, &buf->work);

        return size;
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_init              -       prepare a tty buffer structure
 * @port: tty port to initialise
 *
 * Set up the initial state of the buffer management for a tty device. Must be
 * called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
 */
void tty_buffer_init(struct tty_port *port)
{
        struct tty_bufhead *buf = &port->buf;

        mutex_init(&buf->lock);
        tty_buffer_reset(&buf->sentinel, 0);
        buf->head = &buf->sentinel;
        buf->tail = &buf->sentinel;
        init_llist_head(&buf->free);
        atomic_set(&buf->mem_used, 0);
        atomic_set(&buf->priority, 0);
        INIT_WORK(&buf->work, flush_to_ldisc);
        buf->mem_limit = TTYB_DEFAULT_MEM_LIMIT;
}

/**
 * tty_buffer_set_limit         -       change the tty buffer memory limit
 * @port: tty port to change
 * @limit: memory limit to set
 *
 * Change the tty buffer memory limit.
 *
 * Must be called before the other tty buffer functions are used.
 */
int tty_buffer_set_limit(struct tty_port *port, int limit)
{
        if (limit < MIN_TTYB_SIZE)
                return -EINVAL;
        port->buf.mem_limit = limit;
        return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tty_buffer_set_limit);

/* slave ptys can claim nested buffer lock when handling BRK and INTR */
void tty_buffer_set_lock_subclass(struct tty_port *port)
{
        lockdep_set_subclass(&port->buf.lock, TTY_LOCK_SLAVE);
}

bool tty_buffer_restart_work(struct tty_port *port)
{
        return queue_work(system_dfl_wq, &port->buf.work);
}

bool tty_buffer_cancel_work(struct tty_port *port)
{
        return cancel_work_sync(&port->buf.work);
}

void tty_buffer_flush_work(struct tty_port *port)
{
        flush_work(&port->buf.work);
}