root/kernel/bpf/bpf_iter.c
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/* Copyright (c) 2020 Facebook */

#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/anon_inodes.h>
#include <linux/filter.h>
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>

struct bpf_iter_target_info {
        struct list_head list;
        const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info;
        u32 btf_id;     /* cached value */
};

struct bpf_iter_link {
        struct bpf_link link;
        struct bpf_iter_aux_info aux;
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
};

struct bpf_iter_priv_data {
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
        const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info;
        struct bpf_prog *prog;
        u64 session_id;
        u64 seq_num;
        bool done_stop;
        u8 target_private[] __aligned(8);
};

static struct list_head targets = LIST_HEAD_INIT(targets);
static DEFINE_MUTEX(targets_mutex);

/* protect bpf_iter_link changes */
static DEFINE_MUTEX(link_mutex);

/* incremented on every opened seq_file */
static atomic64_t session_id;

static int prepare_seq_file(struct file *file, struct bpf_iter_link *link);

static void bpf_iter_inc_seq_num(struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;

        iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);
        iter_priv->seq_num++;
}

static void bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;

        iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);
        iter_priv->seq_num--;
}

static void bpf_iter_done_stop(struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;

        iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);
        iter_priv->done_stop = true;
}

static inline bool bpf_iter_target_support_resched(const struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo)
{
        return tinfo->reg_info->feature & BPF_ITER_RESCHED;
}

static bool bpf_iter_support_resched(struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;

        iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);
        return bpf_iter_target_support_resched(iter_priv->tinfo);
}

/* maximum visited objects before bailing out */
#define MAX_ITER_OBJECTS        1000000

/* bpf_seq_read, a customized and simpler version for bpf iterator.
 * The following are differences from seq_read():
 *  . fixed buffer size (PAGE_SIZE << 3)
 *  . assuming NULL ->llseek()
 *  . stop() may call bpf program, handling potential overflow there
 */
static ssize_t bpf_seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size,
                            loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
        size_t n, offs, copied = 0;
        int err = 0, num_objs = 0;
        bool can_resched;
        void *p;

        mutex_lock(&seq->lock);

        if (!seq->buf) {
                seq->size = PAGE_SIZE << 3;
                seq->buf = kvmalloc(seq->size, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!seq->buf) {
                        err = -ENOMEM;
                        goto done;
                }
        }

        if (seq->count) {
                n = min(seq->count, size);
                err = copy_to_user(buf, seq->buf + seq->from, n);
                if (err) {
                        err = -EFAULT;
                        goto done;
                }
                seq->count -= n;
                seq->from += n;
                copied = n;
                goto done;
        }

        seq->from = 0;
        p = seq->op->start(seq, &seq->index);
        if (!p)
                goto stop;
        if (IS_ERR(p)) {
                err = PTR_ERR(p);
                seq->op->stop(seq, p);
                seq->count = 0;
                goto done;
        }

        err = seq->op->show(seq, p);
        if (err > 0) {
                /* object is skipped, decrease seq_num, so next
                 * valid object can reuse the same seq_num.
                 */
                bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(seq);
                seq->count = 0;
        } else if (err < 0 || seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
                if (!err)
                        err = -E2BIG;
                seq->op->stop(seq, p);
                seq->count = 0;
                goto done;
        }

        can_resched = bpf_iter_support_resched(seq);
        while (1) {
                loff_t pos = seq->index;

                num_objs++;
                offs = seq->count;
                p = seq->op->next(seq, p, &seq->index);
                if (pos == seq->index) {
                        pr_info_ratelimited("buggy seq_file .next function %ps "
                                "did not updated position index\n",
                                seq->op->next);
                        seq->index++;
                }

                if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(p))
                        break;

                /* got a valid next object, increase seq_num */
                bpf_iter_inc_seq_num(seq);

                if (seq->count >= size)
                        break;

                if (num_objs >= MAX_ITER_OBJECTS) {
                        if (offs == 0) {
                                err = -EAGAIN;
                                seq->op->stop(seq, p);
                                goto done;
                        }
                        break;
                }

                err = seq->op->show(seq, p);
                if (err > 0) {
                        bpf_iter_dec_seq_num(seq);
                        seq->count = offs;
                } else if (err < 0 || seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
                        seq->count = offs;
                        if (offs == 0) {
                                if (!err)
                                        err = -E2BIG;
                                seq->op->stop(seq, p);
                                goto done;
                        }
                        break;
                }

                if (can_resched)
                        cond_resched();
        }
stop:
        offs = seq->count;
        if (IS_ERR(p)) {
                seq->op->stop(seq, NULL);
                err = PTR_ERR(p);
                goto done;
        }
        /* bpf program called if !p */
        seq->op->stop(seq, p);
        if (!p) {
                if (!seq_has_overflowed(seq)) {
                        bpf_iter_done_stop(seq);
                } else {
                        seq->count = offs;
                        if (offs == 0) {
                                err = -E2BIG;
                                goto done;
                        }
                }
        }

        n = min(seq->count, size);
        err = copy_to_user(buf, seq->buf, n);
        if (err) {
                err = -EFAULT;
                goto done;
        }
        copied = n;
        seq->count -= n;
        seq->from = n;
done:
        if (!copied)
                copied = err;
        else
                *ppos += copied;
        mutex_unlock(&seq->lock);
        return copied;
}

static const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *
__get_seq_info(struct bpf_iter_link *link)
{
        const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info;

        if (link->aux.map) {
                seq_info = link->aux.map->ops->iter_seq_info;
                if (seq_info)
                        return seq_info;
        }

        return link->tinfo->reg_info->seq_info;
}

static int iter_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *link = inode->i_private;

        return prepare_seq_file(file, link);
}

static int iter_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
        struct seq_file *seq;

        seq = file->private_data;
        if (!seq)
                return 0;

        iter_priv = container_of(seq->private, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);

        if (iter_priv->seq_info->fini_seq_private)
                iter_priv->seq_info->fini_seq_private(seq->private);

        bpf_prog_put(iter_priv->prog);
        seq->private = iter_priv;

        return seq_release_private(inode, file);
}

const struct file_operations bpf_iter_fops = {
        .open           = iter_open,
        .read           = bpf_seq_read,
        .release        = iter_release,
};

/* The argument reg_info will be cached in bpf_iter_target_info.
 * The common practice is to declare target reg_info as
 * a const static variable and passed as an argument to
 * bpf_iter_reg_target().
 */
int bpf_iter_reg_target(const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info)
{
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;

        tinfo = kzalloc_obj(*tinfo);
        if (!tinfo)
                return -ENOMEM;

        tinfo->reg_info = reg_info;
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tinfo->list);

        mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
        list_add(&tinfo->list, &targets);
        mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);

        return 0;
}

void bpf_iter_unreg_target(const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info)
{
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
        bool found = false;

        mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
        list_for_each_entry(tinfo, &targets, list) {
                if (reg_info == tinfo->reg_info) {
                        list_del(&tinfo->list);
                        kfree(tinfo);
                        found = true;
                        break;
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);

        WARN_ON(found == false);
}

static void cache_btf_id(struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo,
                         struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        tinfo->btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
}

int bpf_iter_prog_supported(struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        const char *attach_fname = prog->aux->attach_func_name;
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo = NULL, *iter;
        u32 prog_btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
        const char *prefix = BPF_ITER_FUNC_PREFIX;
        int prefix_len = strlen(prefix);

        if (strncmp(attach_fname, prefix, prefix_len))
                return -EINVAL;

        mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
        list_for_each_entry(iter, &targets, list) {
                if (iter->btf_id && iter->btf_id == prog_btf_id) {
                        tinfo = iter;
                        break;
                }
                if (!strcmp(attach_fname + prefix_len, iter->reg_info->target)) {
                        cache_btf_id(iter, prog);
                        tinfo = iter;
                        break;
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);

        if (!tinfo)
                return -EINVAL;

        return bpf_prog_ctx_arg_info_init(prog, tinfo->reg_info->ctx_arg_info,
                                          tinfo->reg_info->ctx_arg_info_size);
}

const struct bpf_func_proto *
bpf_iter_get_func_proto(enum bpf_func_id func_id, const struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        const struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
        const struct bpf_func_proto *fn = NULL;

        mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
        list_for_each_entry(tinfo, &targets, list) {
                if (tinfo->btf_id == prog->aux->attach_btf_id) {
                        const struct bpf_iter_reg *reg_info;

                        reg_info = tinfo->reg_info;
                        if (reg_info->get_func_proto)
                                fn = reg_info->get_func_proto(func_id, prog);
                        break;
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);

        return fn;
}

static void bpf_iter_link_release(struct bpf_link *link)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
                container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);

        if (iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->detach_target)
                iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->detach_target(&iter_link->aux);
}

static void bpf_iter_link_dealloc(struct bpf_link *link)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
                container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);

        kfree(iter_link);
}

static int bpf_iter_link_replace(struct bpf_link *link,
                                 struct bpf_prog *new_prog,
                                 struct bpf_prog *old_prog)
{
        int ret = 0;

        mutex_lock(&link_mutex);
        if (old_prog && link->prog != old_prog) {
                ret = -EPERM;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        if (link->prog->type != new_prog->type ||
            link->prog->expected_attach_type != new_prog->expected_attach_type ||
            link->prog->aux->attach_btf_id != new_prog->aux->attach_btf_id) {
                ret = -EINVAL;
                goto out_unlock;
        }

        old_prog = xchg(&link->prog, new_prog);
        bpf_prog_put(old_prog);

out_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&link_mutex);
        return ret;
}

static void bpf_iter_link_show_fdinfo(const struct bpf_link *link,
                                      struct seq_file *seq)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
                container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
        bpf_iter_show_fdinfo_t show_fdinfo;

        seq_printf(seq,
                   "target_name:\t%s\n",
                   iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->target);

        show_fdinfo = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->show_fdinfo;
        if (show_fdinfo)
                show_fdinfo(&iter_link->aux, seq);
}

static int bpf_iter_link_fill_link_info(const struct bpf_link *link,
                                        struct bpf_link_info *info)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link =
                container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
        char __user *ubuf = u64_to_user_ptr(info->iter.target_name);
        bpf_iter_fill_link_info_t fill_link_info;
        u32 ulen = info->iter.target_name_len;
        const char *target_name;
        u32 target_len;

        if (!ulen ^ !ubuf)
                return -EINVAL;

        target_name = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->target;
        target_len =  strlen(target_name);
        info->iter.target_name_len = target_len + 1;

        if (ubuf) {
                if (ulen >= target_len + 1) {
                        if (copy_to_user(ubuf, target_name, target_len + 1))
                                return -EFAULT;
                } else {
                        char zero = '\0';

                        if (copy_to_user(ubuf, target_name, ulen - 1))
                                return -EFAULT;
                        if (put_user(zero, ubuf + ulen - 1))
                                return -EFAULT;
                        return -ENOSPC;
                }
        }

        fill_link_info = iter_link->tinfo->reg_info->fill_link_info;
        if (fill_link_info)
                return fill_link_info(&iter_link->aux, info);

        return 0;
}

static const struct bpf_link_ops bpf_iter_link_lops = {
        .release = bpf_iter_link_release,
        .dealloc = bpf_iter_link_dealloc,
        .update_prog = bpf_iter_link_replace,
        .show_fdinfo = bpf_iter_link_show_fdinfo,
        .fill_link_info = bpf_iter_link_fill_link_info,
};

bool bpf_link_is_iter(struct bpf_link *link)
{
        return link->ops == &bpf_iter_link_lops;
}

int bpf_iter_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, bpfptr_t uattr,
                         struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo = NULL, *iter;
        struct bpf_link_primer link_primer;
        union bpf_iter_link_info linfo;
        struct bpf_iter_link *link;
        u32 prog_btf_id, linfo_len;
        bpfptr_t ulinfo;
        int err;

        if (attr->link_create.target_fd || attr->link_create.flags)
                return -EINVAL;

        memset(&linfo, 0, sizeof(union bpf_iter_link_info));

        ulinfo = make_bpfptr(attr->link_create.iter_info, uattr.is_kernel);
        linfo_len = attr->link_create.iter_info_len;
        if (bpfptr_is_null(ulinfo) ^ !linfo_len)
                return -EINVAL;

        if (!bpfptr_is_null(ulinfo)) {
                err = bpf_check_uarg_tail_zero(ulinfo, sizeof(linfo),
                                               linfo_len);
                if (err)
                        return err;
                linfo_len = min_t(u32, linfo_len, sizeof(linfo));
                if (copy_from_bpfptr(&linfo, ulinfo, linfo_len))
                        return -EFAULT;
        }

        prog_btf_id = prog->aux->attach_btf_id;
        mutex_lock(&targets_mutex);
        list_for_each_entry(iter, &targets, list) {
                if (iter->btf_id == prog_btf_id) {
                        tinfo = iter;
                        break;
                }
        }
        mutex_unlock(&targets_mutex);
        if (!tinfo)
                return -ENOENT;

        /* Only allow sleepable program for resched-able iterator */
        if (prog->sleepable && !bpf_iter_target_support_resched(tinfo))
                return -EINVAL;

        link = kzalloc_obj(*link, GFP_USER | __GFP_NOWARN);
        if (!link)
                return -ENOMEM;

        bpf_link_init(&link->link, BPF_LINK_TYPE_ITER, &bpf_iter_link_lops, prog,
                      attr->link_create.attach_type);
        link->tinfo = tinfo;

        err = bpf_link_prime(&link->link, &link_primer);
        if (err) {
                kfree(link);
                return err;
        }

        if (tinfo->reg_info->attach_target) {
                err = tinfo->reg_info->attach_target(prog, &linfo, &link->aux);
                if (err) {
                        bpf_link_cleanup(&link_primer);
                        return err;
                }
        }

        return bpf_link_settle(&link_primer);
}

static void init_seq_meta(struct bpf_iter_priv_data *priv_data,
                          struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo,
                          const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info,
                          struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
        priv_data->tinfo = tinfo;
        priv_data->seq_info = seq_info;
        priv_data->prog = prog;
        priv_data->session_id = atomic64_inc_return(&session_id);
        priv_data->seq_num = 0;
        priv_data->done_stop = false;
}

static int prepare_seq_file(struct file *file, struct bpf_iter_link *link)
{
        const struct bpf_iter_seq_info *seq_info = __get_seq_info(link);
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *priv_data;
        struct bpf_iter_target_info *tinfo;
        struct bpf_prog *prog;
        u32 total_priv_dsize;
        struct seq_file *seq;
        int err = 0;

        mutex_lock(&link_mutex);
        prog = link->link.prog;
        bpf_prog_inc(prog);
        mutex_unlock(&link_mutex);

        tinfo = link->tinfo;
        total_priv_dsize = offsetof(struct bpf_iter_priv_data, target_private) +
                           seq_info->seq_priv_size;
        priv_data = __seq_open_private(file, seq_info->seq_ops,
                                       total_priv_dsize);
        if (!priv_data) {
                err = -ENOMEM;
                goto release_prog;
        }

        if (seq_info->init_seq_private) {
                err = seq_info->init_seq_private(priv_data->target_private, &link->aux);
                if (err)
                        goto release_seq_file;
        }

        init_seq_meta(priv_data, tinfo, seq_info, prog);
        seq = file->private_data;
        seq->private = priv_data->target_private;

        return 0;

release_seq_file:
        seq_release_private(file->f_inode, file);
        file->private_data = NULL;
release_prog:
        bpf_prog_put(prog);
        return err;
}

int bpf_iter_new_fd(struct bpf_link *link)
{
        struct bpf_iter_link *iter_link;
        unsigned int flags;
        int err;

        if (link->ops != &bpf_iter_link_lops)
                return -EINVAL;

        flags = O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC;

        FD_PREPARE(fdf, flags, anon_inode_getfile("bpf_iter", &bpf_iter_fops, NULL, flags));
        if (fdf.err)
                return fdf.err;

        iter_link = container_of(link, struct bpf_iter_link, link);
        err = prepare_seq_file(fd_prepare_file(fdf), iter_link);
        if (err)
                return err; /* Automatic cleanup handles fput */

        return fd_publish(fdf);
}

struct bpf_prog *bpf_iter_get_info(struct bpf_iter_meta *meta, bool in_stop)
{
        struct bpf_iter_priv_data *iter_priv;
        struct seq_file *seq;
        void *seq_priv;

        seq = meta->seq;
        if (seq->file->f_op != &bpf_iter_fops)
                return NULL;

        seq_priv = seq->private;
        iter_priv = container_of(seq_priv, struct bpf_iter_priv_data,
                                 target_private);

        if (in_stop && iter_priv->done_stop)
                return NULL;

        meta->session_id = iter_priv->session_id;
        meta->seq_num = iter_priv->seq_num;

        return iter_priv->prog;
}

int bpf_iter_run_prog(struct bpf_prog *prog, void *ctx)
{
        struct bpf_run_ctx run_ctx, *old_run_ctx;
        int ret;

        if (prog->sleepable) {
                rcu_read_lock_trace();
                migrate_disable();
                might_fault();
                old_run_ctx = bpf_set_run_ctx(&run_ctx);
                ret = bpf_prog_run(prog, ctx);
                bpf_reset_run_ctx(old_run_ctx);
                migrate_enable();
                rcu_read_unlock_trace();
        } else {
                rcu_read_lock_dont_migrate();
                old_run_ctx = bpf_set_run_ctx(&run_ctx);
                ret = bpf_prog_run(prog, ctx);
                bpf_reset_run_ctx(old_run_ctx);
                rcu_read_unlock_migrate();
        }

        /* bpf program can only return 0 or 1:
         *  0 : okay
         *  1 : retry the same object
         * The bpf_iter_run_prog() return value
         * will be seq_ops->show() return value.
         */
        return ret == 0 ? 0 : -EAGAIN;
}

BPF_CALL_4(bpf_for_each_map_elem, struct bpf_map *, map, void *, callback_fn,
           void *, callback_ctx, u64, flags)
{
        return map->ops->map_for_each_callback(map, callback_fn, callback_ctx, flags);
}

const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_for_each_map_elem_proto = {
        .func           = bpf_for_each_map_elem,
        .gpl_only       = false,
        .ret_type       = RET_INTEGER,
        .arg1_type      = ARG_CONST_MAP_PTR,
        .arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_FUNC,
        .arg3_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_STACK_OR_NULL,
        .arg4_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
};

BPF_CALL_4(bpf_loop, u32, nr_loops, void *, callback_fn, void *, callback_ctx,
           u64, flags)
{
        bpf_callback_t callback = (bpf_callback_t)callback_fn;
        u64 ret;
        u32 i;

        /* Note: these safety checks are also verified when bpf_loop
         * is inlined, be careful to modify this code in sync. See
         * function verifier.c:inline_bpf_loop.
         */
        if (flags)
                return -EINVAL;
        if (nr_loops > BPF_MAX_LOOPS)
                return -E2BIG;

        for (i = 0; i < nr_loops; i++) {
                ret = callback((u64)i, (u64)(long)callback_ctx, 0, 0, 0);
                /* return value: 0 - continue, 1 - stop and return */
                if (ret)
                        return i + 1;
        }

        return i;
}

const struct bpf_func_proto bpf_loop_proto = {
        .func           = bpf_loop,
        .gpl_only       = false,
        .ret_type       = RET_INTEGER,
        .arg1_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
        .arg2_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_FUNC,
        .arg3_type      = ARG_PTR_TO_STACK_OR_NULL,
        .arg4_type      = ARG_ANYTHING,
};

struct bpf_iter_num_kern {
        int cur; /* current value, inclusive */
        int end; /* final value, exclusive */
} __aligned(8);

__bpf_kfunc_start_defs();

__bpf_kfunc int bpf_iter_num_new(struct bpf_iter_num *it, int start, int end)
{
        struct bpf_iter_num_kern *s = (void *)it;

        BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bpf_iter_num_kern) != sizeof(struct bpf_iter_num));
        BUILD_BUG_ON(__alignof__(struct bpf_iter_num_kern) != __alignof__(struct bpf_iter_num));

        /* start == end is legit, it's an empty range and we'll just get NULL
         * on first (and any subsequent) bpf_iter_num_next() call
         */
        if (start > end) {
                s->cur = s->end = 0;
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* avoid overflows, e.g., if start == INT_MIN and end == INT_MAX */
        if ((s64)end - (s64)start > BPF_MAX_LOOPS) {
                s->cur = s->end = 0;
                return -E2BIG;
        }

        /* user will call bpf_iter_num_next() first,
         * which will set s->cur to exactly start value;
         * underflow shouldn't matter
         */
        s->cur = start - 1;
        s->end = end;

        return 0;
}

__bpf_kfunc int *bpf_iter_num_next(struct bpf_iter_num* it)
{
        struct bpf_iter_num_kern *s = (void *)it;

        /* check failed initialization or if we are done (same behavior);
         * need to be careful about overflow, so convert to s64 for checks,
         * e.g., if s->cur == s->end == INT_MAX, we can't just do
         * s->cur + 1 >= s->end
         */
        if ((s64)(s->cur + 1) >= s->end) {
                s->cur = s->end = 0;
                return NULL;
        }

        s->cur++;

        return &s->cur;
}

__bpf_kfunc void bpf_iter_num_destroy(struct bpf_iter_num *it)
{
        struct bpf_iter_num_kern *s = (void *)it;

        s->cur = s->end = 0;
}

__bpf_kfunc_end_defs();