// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Pid namespaces
 *
 * Authors:
 *    (C) 2007 Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>, OpenVZ, SWsoft Inc.
 *    (C) 2007 Sukadev Bhattiprolu <sukadev@us.ibm.com>, IBM
 *     Many thanks to Oleg Nesterov for comments and help
 *
 */

#include <linux/pid.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/user_namespace.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/cred.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/acct.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
#include <linux/reboot.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/idr.h>
#include <linux/nstree.h>
#include <uapi/linux/wait.h>
#include "pid_sysctl.h"

static DEFINE_MUTEX(pid_caches_mutex);
static struct kmem_cache *pid_ns_cachep;
/* Write once array, filled from the beginning. */
static struct kmem_cache *pid_cache[MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL];

/*
 * creates the kmem cache to allocate pids from.
 * @level: pid namespace level
 */

static struct kmem_cache *create_pid_cachep(unsigned int level)
{
        /* Level 0 is init_pid_ns.pid_cachep */
        struct kmem_cache **pkc = &pid_cache[level - 1];
        struct kmem_cache *kc;
        char name[4 + 10 + 1];
        unsigned int len;

        kc = READ_ONCE(*pkc);
        if (kc)
                return kc;

        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "pid_%u", level + 1);
        len = struct_size_t(struct pid, numbers, level + 1);
        mutex_lock(&pid_caches_mutex);
        /* Name collision forces to do allocation under mutex. */
        if (!*pkc)
                *pkc = kmem_cache_create(name, len, 0,
                                         SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_ACCOUNT, NULL);
        mutex_unlock(&pid_caches_mutex);
        /* current can fail, but someone else can succeed. */
        return READ_ONCE(*pkc);
}

static struct ucounts *inc_pid_namespaces(struct user_namespace *ns)
{
        return inc_ucount(ns, current_euid(), UCOUNT_PID_NAMESPACES);
}

static void dec_pid_namespaces(struct ucounts *ucounts)
{
        dec_ucount(ucounts, UCOUNT_PID_NAMESPACES);
}

static void destroy_pid_namespace_work(struct work_struct *work);

static struct pid_namespace *create_pid_namespace(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
        struct pid_namespace *parent_pid_ns)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns;
        unsigned int level = parent_pid_ns->level + 1;
        struct ucounts *ucounts;
        int err;

        err = -EINVAL;
        if (!in_userns(parent_pid_ns->user_ns, user_ns))
                goto out;

        err = -ENOSPC;
        if (level > MAX_PID_NS_LEVEL)
                goto out;
        ucounts = inc_pid_namespaces(user_ns);
        if (!ucounts)
                goto out;

        err = -ENOMEM;
        ns = kmem_cache_zalloc(pid_ns_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (ns == NULL)
                goto out_dec;

        idr_init(&ns->idr);

        ns->pid_cachep = create_pid_cachep(level);
        if (ns->pid_cachep == NULL)
                goto out_free_idr;

        err = ns_common_init(ns);
        if (err)
                goto out_free_idr;

        ns->pid_max = PID_MAX_LIMIT;
        err = register_pidns_sysctls(ns);
        if (err)
                goto out_free_inum;

        ns->level = level;
        ns->parent = get_pid_ns(parent_pid_ns);
        ns->user_ns = get_user_ns(user_ns);
        ns->ucounts = ucounts;
        ns->pid_allocated = PIDNS_ADDING;
        INIT_WORK(&ns->work, destroy_pid_namespace_work);

#if defined(CONFIG_SYSCTL) && defined(CONFIG_MEMFD_CREATE)
        ns->memfd_noexec_scope = pidns_memfd_noexec_scope(parent_pid_ns);
#endif

        ns_tree_add(ns);
        return ns;

out_free_inum:
        ns_common_free(ns);
out_free_idr:
        idr_destroy(&ns->idr);
        kmem_cache_free(pid_ns_cachep, ns);
out_dec:
        dec_pid_namespaces(ucounts);
out:
        return ERR_PTR(err);
}

static void delayed_free_pidns(struct rcu_head *p)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns = container_of(p, struct pid_namespace, rcu);

        dec_pid_namespaces(ns->ucounts);
        put_user_ns(ns->user_ns);

        kmem_cache_free(pid_ns_cachep, ns);
}

static void destroy_pid_namespace(struct pid_namespace *ns)
{
        ns_tree_remove(ns);
        unregister_pidns_sysctls(ns);

        ns_common_free(ns);

        idr_destroy(&ns->idr);
        call_rcu(&ns->rcu, delayed_free_pidns);
}

static void destroy_pid_namespace_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns =
                container_of(work, struct pid_namespace, work);

        do {
                struct pid_namespace *parent;

                parent = ns->parent;
                destroy_pid_namespace(ns);
                ns = parent;
        } while (ns != &init_pid_ns && ns_ref_put(ns));
}

struct pid_namespace *copy_pid_ns(u64 flags,
        struct user_namespace *user_ns, struct pid_namespace *old_ns)
{
        if (!(flags & CLONE_NEWPID))
                return get_pid_ns(old_ns);
        if (task_active_pid_ns(current) != old_ns)
                return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
        return create_pid_namespace(user_ns, old_ns);
}

void put_pid_ns(struct pid_namespace *ns)
{
        if (ns && ns_ref_put(ns))
                schedule_work(&ns->work);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(put_pid_ns);

void zap_pid_ns_processes(struct pid_namespace *pid_ns)
{
        int nr;
        int rc;
        struct task_struct *task, *me = current;
        int init_pids = thread_group_leader(me) ? 1 : 2;
        struct pid *pid;

        /* Don't allow any more processes into the pid namespace */
        disable_pid_allocation(pid_ns);

        /*
         * Ignore SIGCHLD causing any terminated children to autoreap.
         * This speeds up the namespace shutdown, plus see the comment
         * below.
         */
        spin_lock_irq(&me->sighand->siglock);
        me->sighand->action[SIGCHLD - 1].sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
        spin_unlock_irq(&me->sighand->siglock);

        /*
         * The last thread in the cgroup-init thread group is terminating.
         * Find remaining pid_ts in the namespace, signal and wait for them
         * to exit.
         *
         * Note:  This signals each threads in the namespace - even those that
         *        belong to the same thread group, To avoid this, we would have
         *        to walk the entire tasklist looking a processes in this
         *        namespace, but that could be unnecessarily expensive if the
         *        pid namespace has just a few processes. Or we need to
         *        maintain a tasklist for each pid namespace.
         *
         */
        rcu_read_lock();
        read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
        nr = 2;
        idr_for_each_entry_continue(&pid_ns->idr, pid, nr) {
                task = pid_task(pid, PIDTYPE_PID);
                if (task && !__fatal_signal_pending(task))
                        group_send_sig_info(SIGKILL, SEND_SIG_PRIV, task, PIDTYPE_MAX);
        }
        read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
        rcu_read_unlock();

        /*
         * Reap the EXIT_ZOMBIE children we had before we ignored SIGCHLD.
         * kernel_wait4() will also block until our children traced from the
         * parent namespace are detached and become EXIT_DEAD.
         */
        do {
                clear_thread_flag(TIF_SIGPENDING);
                clear_thread_flag(TIF_NOTIFY_SIGNAL);
                rc = kernel_wait4(-1, NULL, __WALL, NULL);
        } while (rc != -ECHILD);

        /*
         * kernel_wait4() misses EXIT_DEAD children, and EXIT_ZOMBIE
         * process whose parents processes are outside of the pid
         * namespace.  Such processes are created with setns()+fork().
         *
         * If those EXIT_ZOMBIE processes are not reaped by their
         * parents before their parents exit, they will be reparented
         * to pid_ns->child_reaper.  Thus pidns->child_reaper needs to
         * stay valid until they all go away.
         *
         * The code relies on the pid_ns->child_reaper ignoring
         * SIGCHILD to cause those EXIT_ZOMBIE processes to be
         * autoreaped if reparented.
         *
         * Semantically it is also desirable to wait for EXIT_ZOMBIE
         * processes before allowing the child_reaper to be reaped, as
         * that gives the invariant that when the init process of a
         * pid namespace is reaped all of the processes in the pid
         * namespace are gone.
         *
         * Once all of the other tasks are gone from the pid_namespace
         * free_pid() will awaken this task.
         */
        for (;;) {
                set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
                if (pid_ns->pid_allocated == init_pids)
                        break;
                schedule();
        }
        __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);

        if (pid_ns->reboot)
                current->signal->group_exit_code = pid_ns->reboot;

        acct_exit_ns(pid_ns);
        return;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
static int pid_ns_ctl_handler(const struct ctl_table *table, int write,
                void *buffer, size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
{
        struct pid_namespace *pid_ns = task_active_pid_ns(current);
        struct ctl_table tmp = *table;
        int ret, next;

        if (write && !checkpoint_restore_ns_capable(pid_ns->user_ns))
                return -EPERM;

        next = idr_get_cursor(&pid_ns->idr) - 1;

        tmp.data = &next;
        tmp.extra2 = &pid_ns->pid_max;
        ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(&tmp, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
        if (!ret && write)
                idr_set_cursor(&pid_ns->idr, next + 1);

        return ret;
}

static const struct ctl_table pid_ns_ctl_table[] = {
        {
                .procname = "ns_last_pid",
                .maxlen = sizeof(int),
                .mode = 0666, /* permissions are checked in the handler */
                .proc_handler = pid_ns_ctl_handler,
                .extra1 = SYSCTL_ZERO,
                .extra2 = &init_pid_ns.pid_max,
        },
};
#endif  /* CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE */

int reboot_pid_ns(struct pid_namespace *pid_ns, int cmd)
{
        if (pid_ns == &init_pid_ns)
                return 0;

        switch (cmd) {
        case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART2:
        case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART:
                pid_ns->reboot = SIGHUP;
                break;

        case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_POWER_OFF:
        case LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_HALT:
                pid_ns->reboot = SIGINT;
                break;
        default:
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
        send_sig(SIGKILL, pid_ns->child_reaper, 1);
        read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);

        do_exit(0);

        /* Not reached */
        return 0;
}

static struct ns_common *pidns_get(struct task_struct *task)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns;

        rcu_read_lock();
        ns = task_active_pid_ns(task);
        if (ns)
                get_pid_ns(ns);
        rcu_read_unlock();

        return ns ? &ns->ns : NULL;
}

static struct ns_common *pidns_for_children_get(struct task_struct *task)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns = NULL;

        task_lock(task);
        if (task->nsproxy) {
                ns = task->nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children;
                get_pid_ns(ns);
        }
        task_unlock(task);

        if (ns) {
                read_lock(&tasklist_lock);
                if (!ns->child_reaper) {
                        put_pid_ns(ns);
                        ns = NULL;
                }
                read_unlock(&tasklist_lock);
        }

        return ns ? &ns->ns : NULL;
}

static void pidns_put(struct ns_common *ns)
{
        put_pid_ns(to_pid_ns(ns));
}

bool pidns_is_ancestor(struct pid_namespace *child,
                       struct pid_namespace *ancestor)
{
        struct pid_namespace *ns;

        if (child->level < ancestor->level)
                return false;
        for (ns = child; ns->level > ancestor->level; ns = ns->parent)
                ;
        return ns == ancestor;
}

static int pidns_install(struct nsset *nsset, struct ns_common *ns)
{
        struct nsproxy *nsproxy = nsset->nsproxy;
        struct pid_namespace *active = task_active_pid_ns(current);
        struct pid_namespace *new = to_pid_ns(ns);

        if (!ns_capable(new->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN) ||
            !ns_capable(nsset->cred->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
                return -EPERM;

        /*
         * Only allow entering the current active pid namespace
         * or a child of the current active pid namespace.
         *
         * This is required for fork to return a usable pid value and
         * this maintains the property that processes and their
         * children can not escape their current pid namespace.
         */
        if (!pidns_is_ancestor(new, active))
                return -EINVAL;

        put_pid_ns(nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children);
        nsproxy->pid_ns_for_children = get_pid_ns(new);
        return 0;
}

static struct ns_common *pidns_get_parent(struct ns_common *ns)
{
        struct pid_namespace *active = task_active_pid_ns(current);
        struct pid_namespace *pid_ns, *p;

        /* See if the parent is in the current namespace */
        pid_ns = p = to_pid_ns(ns)->parent;
        for (;;) {
                if (!p)
                        return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
                if (p == active)
                        break;
                p = p->parent;
        }

        return &get_pid_ns(pid_ns)->ns;
}

static struct user_namespace *pidns_owner(struct ns_common *ns)
{
        return to_pid_ns(ns)->user_ns;
}

const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_operations = {
        .name           = "pid",
        .get            = pidns_get,
        .put            = pidns_put,
        .install        = pidns_install,
        .owner          = pidns_owner,
        .get_parent     = pidns_get_parent,
};

const struct proc_ns_operations pidns_for_children_operations = {
        .name           = "pid_for_children",
        .real_ns_name   = "pid",
        .get            = pidns_for_children_get,
        .put            = pidns_put,
        .install        = pidns_install,
        .owner          = pidns_owner,
        .get_parent     = pidns_get_parent,
};

static __init int pid_namespaces_init(void)
{
        pid_ns_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(pid_namespace, SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_ACCOUNT);

#ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
        register_sysctl_init("kernel", pid_ns_ctl_table);
#endif

        register_pid_ns_sysctl_table_vm();
        ns_tree_add(&init_pid_ns);
        return 0;
}

__initcall(pid_namespaces_init);