root/sbin/dumpon/dumpon.c
/*-
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/capsicum.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <capsicum_helpers.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sysexits.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <arpa/inet.h>

#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/route.h>

#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/netdump/netdump.h>

#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#endif

static int      verbose;

static _Noreturn void
usage(void)
{
        fprintf(stderr,
    "usage: dumpon [-i index] [-r] [-v] [-k <pubkey>] [-Zz] <device>\n"
    "       dumpon [-i index] [-r] [-v] [-k <pubkey>] [-Zz]\n"
    "              [-g <gateway>] -s <server> -c <client> <iface>\n"
    "       dumpon [-v] off\n"
    "       dumpon [-v] -l\n");
        exit(EX_USAGE);
}

/*
 * Look for a default route on the specified interface.
 */
static char *
find_gateway(const char *ifname)
{
        struct ifaddrs *ifa, *ifap;
        struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
        struct sockaddr *sa;
        struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
        struct sockaddr_in *dst, *mask, *gw;
        char *buf, *next, *ret;
        size_t sz;
        int error, i, ifindex, mib[7];

        /* First look up the interface index. */
        if (getifaddrs(&ifap) != 0)
                err(EX_OSERR, "getifaddrs");
        for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
                if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
                        continue;
                if (strcmp(ifa->ifa_name, ifname) == 0) {
                        sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)ifa->ifa_addr;
                        ifindex = sdl->sdl_index;
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (ifa == NULL)
                errx(1, "couldn't find interface index for '%s'", ifname);
        freeifaddrs(ifap);

        /* Now get the IPv4 routing table. */
        mib[0] = CTL_NET;
        mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
        mib[2] = 0;
        mib[3] = AF_INET;
        mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
        mib[5] = 0;
        mib[6] = -1; /* FIB */

        for (;;) {
                if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &sz, NULL, 0) != 0)
                        err(EX_OSERR, "sysctl(NET_RT_DUMP)");
                buf = malloc(sz);
                error = sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &sz, NULL, 0);
                if (error == 0)
                        break;
                if (errno != ENOMEM)
                        err(EX_OSERR, "sysctl(NET_RT_DUMP)");
                free(buf);
        }

        ret = NULL;
        for (next = buf; next < buf + sz; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
                rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
                if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION)
                        continue;
                if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0 ||
                    rtm->rtm_index != ifindex)
                        continue;

                dst = gw = mask = NULL;
                sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
                for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
                        if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & (1 << i)) != 0) {
                                switch (i) {
                                case RTAX_DST:
                                        dst = (void *)sa;
                                        break;
                                case RTAX_GATEWAY:
                                        gw = (void *)sa;
                                        break;
                                case RTAX_NETMASK:
                                        mask = (void *)sa;
                                        break;
                                }
                        }
                        sa = (struct sockaddr *)((char *)sa + SA_SIZE(sa));
                }

                if (dst->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY &&
                    mask->sin_addr.s_addr == 0) {
                        ret = inet_ntoa(gw->sin_addr);
                        break;
                }
        }
        free(buf);
        return (ret);
}

static void
check_link_status(const char *ifname)
{
        struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;

        if (getifaddrs(&ifap) != 0)
                err(EX_OSERR, "getifaddrs");

        for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
                if (strcmp(ifname, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
                        continue;
                if ((ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) == 0) {
                        warnx("warning: %s's link is down", ifname);
                }
                break;
        }
        freeifaddrs(ifap);
}

static void
check_size(int fd, const char *fn)
{
        int name[] = { CTL_HW, HW_PHYSMEM };
        size_t namelen = nitems(name);
        unsigned long physmem;
        size_t len;
        off_t mediasize;
        int minidump;

        len = sizeof(minidump);
        if (sysctlbyname("debug.minidump", &minidump, &len, NULL, 0) == 0 &&
            minidump == 1)
                return;
        len = sizeof(physmem);
        if (sysctl(name, namelen, &physmem, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
                err(EX_OSERR, "can't get memory size");
        if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0)
                err(EX_OSERR, "%s: can't get size", fn);
        if ((uintmax_t)mediasize < (uintmax_t)physmem)
                errx(EX_IOERR, "%s is smaller than physical memory", fn);
}

#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
static void
_genkey(const char *pubkeyfile, struct diocskerneldump_arg *kdap)
{
        FILE *fp;
        RSA *pubkey;

        assert(pubkeyfile != NULL);
        assert(kdap != NULL);

        fp = NULL;
        pubkey = NULL;

        fp = fopen(pubkeyfile, "r");
        if (fp == NULL)
                err(1, "Unable to open %s", pubkeyfile);

        /*
         * Obsolescent OpenSSL only knows about /dev/random, and needs to
         * pre-seed before entering cap mode.  For whatever reason,
         * RSA_pub_encrypt uses the internal PRNG.
         */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
        {
                unsigned char c[1];
                RAND_bytes(c, 1);
        }
#endif

        if (caph_enter() < 0)
                err(1, "Unable to enter capability mode");

        pubkey = RSA_new();
        if (pubkey == NULL) {
                errx(1, "Unable to allocate an RSA structure: %s",
                    ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
        }

        pubkey = PEM_read_RSA_PUBKEY(fp, &pubkey, NULL, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        fp = NULL;
        if (pubkey == NULL)
                errx(1, "Unable to read data from %s: %s", pubkeyfile,
                    ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));

        /*
         * RSA keys under ~1024 bits are trivially factorable (2018).  OpenSSL
         * provides an API for RSA keys to estimate the symmetric-cipher
         * "equivalent" bits of security (defined in NIST SP800-57), which as
         * of this writing equates a 2048-bit RSA key to 112 symmetric cipher
         * bits.
         *
         * Use this API as a seatbelt to avoid suggesting to users that their
         * privacy is protected by encryption when the key size is insufficient
         * to prevent compromise via factoring.
         *
         * Future work: Sanity check for weak 'e', and sanity check for absence
         * of 'd' (i.e., the supplied key is a public key rather than a full
         * keypair).
         */
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000L
        if (RSA_security_bits(pubkey) < 112)
#else
        if (RSA_size(pubkey) * 8 < 2048)
#endif
                errx(1, "Small RSA keys (you provided: %db) can be "
                    "factored cheaply.  Please generate a larger key.",
                    RSA_size(pubkey) * 8);

        kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize = RSA_size(pubkey);
        if (kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize > KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE) {
                errx(1, "Public key has to be at most %db long.",
                    8 * KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE);
        }

        kdap->kda_encryptedkey = calloc(1, kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
        if (kdap->kda_encryptedkey == NULL)
                err(1, "Unable to allocate encrypted key");

        /*
         * If no cipher was specified, choose a reasonable default.
         */
        if (kdap->kda_encryption == KERNELDUMP_ENC_NONE)
                kdap->kda_encryption = KERNELDUMP_ENC_CHACHA20;
        else if (kdap->kda_encryption == KERNELDUMP_ENC_AES_256_CBC &&
            kdap->kda_compression != KERNELDUMP_COMP_NONE)
                errx(EX_USAGE, "Unpadded AES256-CBC mode cannot be used "
                    "with compression.");

        arc4random_buf(kdap->kda_key, sizeof(kdap->kda_key));
        if (RSA_public_encrypt(sizeof(kdap->kda_key), kdap->kda_key,
            kdap->kda_encryptedkey, pubkey,
            RSA_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING) != (int)kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize) {
                errx(1, "Unable to encrypt the one-time key: %s",
                    ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
        }
        RSA_free(pubkey);
}

/*
 * Run genkey() in a child so it can use capability mode without affecting
 * the rest of the runtime.
 */
static void
genkey(const char *pubkeyfile, struct diocskerneldump_arg *kdap)
{
        pid_t pid;
        int error, filedes[2], status;
        ssize_t bytes;

        if (pipe2(filedes, O_CLOEXEC) != 0)
                err(1, "pipe");
        pid = fork();
        switch (pid) {
        case -1:
                err(1, "fork");
                break;
        case 0:
                close(filedes[0]);
                _genkey(pubkeyfile, kdap);
                /* Write the new kdap back to the parent. */
                bytes = write(filedes[1], kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
                if (bytes != sizeof(*kdap))
                        err(1, "genkey pipe write");
                bytes = write(filedes[1], kdap->kda_encryptedkey,
                    kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
                if (bytes != (ssize_t)kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize)
                        err(1, "genkey pipe write kda_encryptedkey");
                _exit(0);
        }
        close(filedes[1]);
        /* Read in the child's genkey() result into kdap. */
        bytes = read(filedes[0], kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
        if (bytes != sizeof(*kdap))
                errx(1, "genkey pipe read");
        if (kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize > KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE)
                errx(1, "Public key has to be at most %db long.",
                    8 * KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE);
        kdap->kda_encryptedkey = calloc(1, kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
        if (kdap->kda_encryptedkey == NULL)
                err(1, "Unable to allocate encrypted key");
        bytes = read(filedes[0], kdap->kda_encryptedkey,
            kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
        if (bytes != (ssize_t)kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize)
                errx(1, "genkey pipe read kda_encryptedkey");
        error = waitpid(pid, &status, WEXITED);
        if (error == -1)
                err(1, "waitpid");
        if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0)
                errx(1, "genkey child exited with status %d",
                    WEXITSTATUS(status));
        else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
                errx(1, "genkey child exited with signal %d",
                    WTERMSIG(status));
        close(filedes[0]);
}
#endif

static void
listdumpdev(void)
{
        static char ip[200];

        char dumpdev[PATH_MAX];
        struct diocskerneldump_arg ndconf;
        size_t len;
        const char *sysctlname = "kern.shutdown.dumpdevname";
        int fd;

        len = sizeof(dumpdev);
        if (sysctlbyname(sysctlname, &dumpdev, &len, NULL, 0) != 0) {
                if (errno == ENOMEM) {
                        err(EX_OSERR, "Kernel returned too large of a buffer for '%s'\n",
                                sysctlname);
                } else {
                        err(EX_OSERR, "Sysctl get '%s'\n", sysctlname);
                }
        }
        if (strlen(dumpdev) == 0)
                (void)strlcpy(dumpdev, _PATH_DEVNULL, sizeof(dumpdev));

        if (verbose) {
                char *ctx, *dd;
                unsigned idx;

                printf("kernel dumps on priority: device\n");
                idx = 0;
                ctx = dumpdev;
                while ((dd = strsep(&ctx, ",")) != NULL)
                        printf("%u: %s\n", idx++, dd);
        } else
                printf("%s\n", dumpdev);

        /* If netdump is enabled, print the configuration parameters. */
        if (verbose) {
                fd = open(_PATH_NETDUMP, O_RDONLY);
                if (fd < 0) {
                        if (errno != ENOENT)
                                err(EX_OSERR, "opening %s", _PATH_NETDUMP);
                        return;
                }
                if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGKERNELDUMP, &ndconf) != 0) {
                        if (errno != ENXIO)
                                err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(DIOCGKERNELDUMP)");
                        (void)close(fd);
                        return;
                }

                printf("server address: %s\n",
                    inet_ntop(ndconf.kda_af, &ndconf.kda_server, ip,
                        sizeof(ip)));
                printf("client address: %s\n",
                    inet_ntop(ndconf.kda_af, &ndconf.kda_client, ip,
                        sizeof(ip)));
                printf("gateway address: %s\n",
                    inet_ntop(ndconf.kda_af, &ndconf.kda_gateway, ip,
                        sizeof(ip)));
                (void)close(fd);
        }
}

static int
opendumpdev(const char *arg, char *dumpdev)
{
        int fd, i;

        if (strncmp(arg, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1) == 0)
                strlcpy(dumpdev, arg, PATH_MAX);
        else {
                i = snprintf(dumpdev, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, arg);
                if (i < 0)
                        err(EX_OSERR, "%s", arg);
                if (i >= PATH_MAX)
                        errc(EX_DATAERR, EINVAL, "%s", arg);
        }

        fd = open(dumpdev, O_RDONLY);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(EX_OSFILE, "%s", dumpdev);
        return (fd);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        char dumpdev[PATH_MAX];
        struct diocskerneldump_arg ndconf, *kdap;
        struct addrinfo hints, *res;
        const char *dev, *pubkeyfile, *server, *client, *gateway;
        int ch, error, fd;
        bool gzip, list, netdump, zstd, insert, rflag;
        uint8_t ins_idx;
#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
        int cipher = KERNELDUMP_ENC_NONE;
#endif

        gzip = list = netdump = zstd = insert = rflag = false;
        kdap = NULL;
        pubkeyfile = NULL;
        server = client = gateway = NULL;
        ins_idx = KDA_APPEND;

        while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:c:g:i:k:lrs:vZz")) != -1)
                switch ((char)ch) {
                case 'C':
#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
                        if (strcasecmp(optarg, "chacha") == 0 ||
                            strcasecmp(optarg, "chacha20") == 0)
                                cipher = KERNELDUMP_ENC_CHACHA20;
                        else if (strcasecmp(optarg, "aes-cbc") == 0 ||
                            strcasecmp(optarg, "aes256-cbc") == 0)
                                cipher = KERNELDUMP_ENC_AES_256_CBC;
                        else
                                errx(EX_USAGE, "Unrecognized cipher algorithm "
                                    "'%s'", optarg);
                        break;
#else
                        errx(EX_USAGE,
                            "Built without crypto support, -C is unhandled.");
                        break;
#endif
                case 'c':
                        client = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'g':
                        gateway = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'i':
                        {
                        int i;

                        i = atoi(optarg);
                        if (i < 0 || i >= KDA_APPEND - 1)
                                errx(EX_USAGE,
                                    "-i index must be between zero and %d.",
                                    (int)KDA_APPEND - 2);
                        insert = true;
                        ins_idx = i;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'k':
                        pubkeyfile = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        list = true;
                        break;
                case 'r':
                        rflag = true;
                        break;
                case 's':
                        server = optarg;
                        break;
                case 'v':
                        verbose = 1;
                        break;
                case 'Z':
                        zstd = true;
                        break;
                case 'z':
                        gzip = true;
                        break;
                default:
                        usage();
                }

        if (gzip && zstd)
                errx(EX_USAGE, "The -z and -Z options are mutually exclusive.");

        if (insert && rflag)
                errx(EX_USAGE, "The -i and -r options are mutually exclusive.");

        argc -= optind;
        argv += optind;

        if (list) {
                listdumpdev();
                exit(EX_OK);
        }

        if (argc != 1)
                usage();

#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
        if (cipher != KERNELDUMP_ENC_NONE && pubkeyfile == NULL) {
                errx(EX_USAGE, "-C option requires a public key file.");
        } else if (pubkeyfile != NULL) {
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x10100000L
                ERR_load_crypto_strings();
#else
                if (!OPENSSL_init_crypto(0, NULL))
                        errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "Unable to initialize OpenSSL");
#endif
        }
#else
        if (pubkeyfile != NULL)
                errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,"Unable to use the public key."
                                    " Recompile dumpon with OpenSSL support.");
#endif

        if (server != NULL && client != NULL) {
                dev = _PATH_NETDUMP;
                netdump = true;
        } else if (server == NULL && client == NULL && argc > 0) {
                if (strcmp(argv[0], "off") == 0) {
                        rflag = true;
                        dev = _PATH_DEVNULL;
                } else
                        dev = argv[0];
                netdump = false;

                if (strcmp(dev, _PATH_DEVNULL) == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Netdump has its own configuration tracking that
                         * is not removed when using /dev/null.
                         */
                        fd = open(_PATH_NETDUMP, O_RDONLY);
                        if (fd != -1) {
                                bzero(&ndconf, sizeof(ndconf));
                                ndconf.kda_index = KDA_REMOVE_ALL;
                                ndconf.kda_af = AF_INET;
                                error = ioctl(fd, DIOCSKERNELDUMP, &ndconf);
                                if (error != 0)
                                        err(1, "ioctl(%s, DIOCSKERNELDUMP)",
                                            _PATH_NETDUMP);
                                close(fd);
                        }
                }
        } else
                usage();

        fd = opendumpdev(dev, dumpdev);
        if (!netdump && !gzip && !zstd && !rflag)
                check_size(fd, dumpdev);

        kdap = &ndconf;
        bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));

        if (rflag)
                kdap->kda_index = KDA_REMOVE;
        else
                kdap->kda_index = ins_idx;

        kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_NONE;
        if (zstd)
                kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_ZSTD;
        else if (gzip)
                kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_GZIP;

        if (netdump) {
                memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
                hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
                hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
                res = NULL;
                error = getaddrinfo(server, NULL, &hints, &res);
                if (error != 0) {
                        if (error == EAI_SYSTEM)
                                err(EX_OSERR, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
                        errx(EX_NOHOST, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
                }
                server = inet_ntoa(
                    ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)res->ai_addr)->sin_addr);
                freeaddrinfo(res);

                if (strlcpy(ndconf.kda_iface, argv[0],
                    sizeof(ndconf.kda_iface)) >= sizeof(ndconf.kda_iface))
                        errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid interface name '%s'", argv[0]);
                if (inet_aton(server, &ndconf.kda_server.in4) == 0)
                        errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid server address '%s'", server);
                if (inet_aton(client, &ndconf.kda_client.in4) == 0)
                        errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid client address '%s'", client);

                if (gateway == NULL) {
                        gateway = find_gateway(argv[0]);
                        if (gateway == NULL) {
                                if (verbose)
                                        printf(
                                    "failed to look up gateway for %s\n",
                                            server);
                                gateway = server;
                        }
                }
                if (inet_aton(gateway, &ndconf.kda_gateway.in4) == 0)
                        errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid gateway address '%s'", gateway);
                ndconf.kda_af = AF_INET;
        }

#ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
        if (pubkeyfile != NULL) {
                kdap->kda_encryption = cipher;
                genkey(pubkeyfile, kdap);
        }
#endif
        error = ioctl(fd, DIOCSKERNELDUMP, kdap);
        if (error != 0)
                error = errno;
        if (error == EINVAL && (gzip || zstd)) {
                /* Retry without compression in case kernel lacks support. */
                kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_NONE;
                error = ioctl(fd, DIOCSKERNELDUMP, kdap);
                if (error == 0)
                        warnx("Compression disabled; kernel may lack gzip or zstd support.");
                else
                        error = errno;
        }
        /* Emit a warning if the user configured a downed interface. */
        if (error == 0 && netdump)
                check_link_status(kdap->kda_iface);
        explicit_bzero(kdap->kda_encryptedkey, kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
        free(kdap->kda_encryptedkey);
        explicit_bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
        if (error != 0) {
                if (netdump) {
                        /*
                         * Be slightly less user-hostile for some common
                         * errors, especially as users don't have any great
                         * discoverability into which NICs support netdump.
                         */
                        if (error == ENODEV)
                                errx(EX_OSERR, "Unable to configure netdump "
                                    "because the interface driver does not yet "
                                    "support netdump.");
                }
                errc(EX_OSERR, error, "ioctl(DIOCSKERNELDUMP)");
        }

        if (verbose)
                listdumpdev();

        exit(EX_OK);
}