/*
 * Copyright 1996 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
 * its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
 * granted, provided that both the above copyright notice and this
 * permission notice appear in all copies, that both the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all
 * supporting documentation, and that the name of M.I.T. not be used
 * in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the
 * software without specific, written prior permission.  M.I.T. makes
 * no representations about the suitability of this software for any
 * purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or implied
 * warranty.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY M.I.T. ``AS IS''.  M.I.T. DISCLAIMS
 * ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT
 * SHALL M.I.T. BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
 * USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
 * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/pciio.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>

#include <vm/vm.h>

#include <dev/pci/pcireg.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <bitstring.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "pathnames.h"
#include "pciconf.h"

struct pci_device_info
{
    TAILQ_ENTRY(pci_device_info)        link;
    int                                 id;
    char                                *desc;
};

struct pci_vendor_info
{
    TAILQ_ENTRY(pci_vendor_info)        link;
    TAILQ_HEAD(,pci_device_info)        devs;
    int                                 id;
    char                                *desc;
};


struct pci_tree_entry {
        TAILQ_ENTRY(pci_tree_entry)     link;
        TAILQ_HEAD(pci_tree_list, pci_tree_entry) children;
        struct pci_conf                 *p;
};

static TAILQ_HEAD(,pci_vendor_info)     pci_vendors;

static struct pcisel getsel(const char *str);
static void list_bridge(int fd, struct pci_conf *p);
static void list_bars(int fd, struct pci_conf *p);
static void list_devs(const char *name, int verbose, int bars, int bridge,
    int caps, int errors, int vpd, int compact);
static void show_tree(int verbose);
static void list_verbose(struct pci_conf *p);
static void list_vpd(int fd, struct pci_conf *p);
static const char *guess_class(struct pci_conf *p);
static const char *guess_subclass(struct pci_conf *p);
static int load_vendors(void);
static void readit(const char *, const char *, int);
static void writeit(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
static void chkattached(const char *);
static void dump_bar(const char *name, const char *reg, const char *bar_start,
    const char *bar_count, int width, int verbose);

static int exitstatus = 0;

static void
usage(void)
{

        fprintf(stderr, "%s",
                "usage: pciconf -l [-BbcevV] [device]\n"
                "       pciconf -t [-v]\n"
                "       pciconf -a device\n"
                "       pciconf -r [-b | -h] device addr[:addr2]\n"
                "       pciconf -w [-b | -h] device addr value\n"
                "       pciconf -D [-b | -h | -x] device bar [start [count]]"
                "\n");
        exit(1);
}

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
        int c, width;
        enum { NONE, LIST, TREE, READ, WRITE, ATTACHED, DUMPBAR } mode;
        int compact, bars, bridge, caps, errors, verbose, vpd;

        mode = NONE;
        compact = bars = bridge = caps = errors = verbose = vpd = 0;
        width = 4;

        while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "aBbcDehlrtwVvx")) != -1) {
                switch(c) {
                case 'a':
                        mode = ATTACHED;
                        break;

                case 'B':
                        bridge = 1;
                        break;

                case 'b':
                        bars = 1;
                        width = 1;
                        break;

                case 'c':
                        caps++;
                        break;

                case 'D':
                        mode = DUMPBAR;
                        break;

                case 'e':
                        errors = 1;
                        break;

                case 'h':
                        width = 2;
                        break;

                case 'l':
                        if (mode == LIST)
                                compact = 1;
                        mode = LIST;
                        break;

                case 'r':
                        mode = READ;
                        break;

                case 't':
                        mode = TREE;
                        break;
                case 'w':
                        mode = WRITE;
                        break;

                case 'v':
                        verbose = 1;
                        break;

                case 'V':
                        vpd = 1;
                        break;

                case 'x':
                        width = 8;
                        break;

                default:
                        usage();
                }
        }

        switch (mode) {
        case LIST:
                if (optind >= argc + 1)
                        usage();
                list_devs(optind + 1 == argc ? argv[optind] : NULL, verbose,
                    bars, bridge, caps, errors, vpd, compact);
                break;
        case TREE:
                if (optind != argc)
                        usage();
                show_tree(verbose);
                break;
        case ATTACHED:
                if (optind + 1 != argc)
                        usage();
                chkattached(argv[optind]);
                break;
        case READ:
                if (optind + 2 != argc || width == 8)
                        usage();
                readit(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1], width);
                break;
        case WRITE:
                if (optind + 3 != argc || width == 8)
                        usage();
                writeit(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1], argv[optind + 2],
                    width);
                break;
        case DUMPBAR:
                if (optind + 2 > argc || optind + 4 < argc)
                        usage();
                dump_bar(argv[optind], argv[optind + 1],
                    optind + 2 < argc ? argv[optind + 2] : NULL, 
                    optind + 3 < argc ? argv[optind + 3] : NULL, 
                    width, verbose);
                break;
        default:
                usage();
        }

        return (exitstatus);
}

static bool
fetch_devs(int fd, const char *name, struct pci_conf **confp, size_t *countp)
{
        struct pci_conf_io pc;
        struct pci_conf conf[255], *p;
        struct pci_match_conf patterns[1];
        size_t count;

        bzero(&pc, sizeof(struct pci_conf_io));
        pc.match_buf_len = sizeof(conf);
        pc.matches = conf;
        if (name != NULL) {
                bzero(&patterns, sizeof(patterns));
                patterns[0].pc_sel = getsel(name);
                patterns[0].flags = PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_DOMAIN |
                    PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_BUS | PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_DEV |
                    PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_FUNC;
                pc.num_patterns = 1;
                pc.pat_buf_len = sizeof(patterns);
                pc.patterns = patterns;
        }

        p = NULL;
        count = 0;
        do {
                if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCGETCONF, &pc) == -1)
                        err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCGETCONF)");

                if (pc.status == PCI_GETCONF_LIST_CHANGED) {
                        free(p);
                        p = NULL;
                        count = 0;
                        pc.offset = 0;
                        continue;
                }

                if (pc.status == PCI_GETCONF_ERROR) {
                        warnx("error returned from PCIOCGETCONF ioctl");
                        return (false);
                }

                p = reallocf(p, (count + pc.num_matches) * sizeof(*p));
                if (p == NULL) {
                        warnx("failed to allocate buffer for PCIOCGETCONF results");
                        return (false);
                }

                memcpy(p + count, conf, pc.num_matches * sizeof(*p));
                count += pc.num_matches;
        } while (pc.status == PCI_GETCONF_MORE_DEVS);

        *confp = p;
        *countp = count;
        return (true);
}

static void
list_devs(const char *name, int verbose, int bars, int bridge, int caps,
    int errors, int vpd, int compact)
{
        int fd;
        struct pci_conf *conf, *p;
        size_t count;
        int none_count = 0;

        if (verbose)
                load_vendors();

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, (bridge || caps || errors) ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY,
            0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        if (!fetch_devs(fd, name, &conf, &count)) {
                exitstatus = 1;
                close(fd);
                return;
        }

        if (compact)
                printf("drv\tselector\tclass    rev  hdr  "
                    "vendor device subven subdev\n");
        for (p = conf; p < conf + count; p++) {
                if (compact)
                        printf("%s%d@pci%d:%d:%d:%d:"
                            "\t%06x   %02x   %02x   "
                            "%04x   %04x   %04x   %04x\n",
                            *p->pd_name ? p->pd_name : "none",
                            *p->pd_name ? (int)p->pd_unit :
                            none_count++, p->pc_sel.pc_domain,
                            p->pc_sel.pc_bus, p->pc_sel.pc_dev,
                            p->pc_sel.pc_func, (p->pc_class << 16) |
                            (p->pc_subclass << 8) | p->pc_progif,
                            p->pc_revid, p->pc_hdr,
                            p->pc_vendor, p->pc_device,
                            p->pc_subvendor, p->pc_subdevice);
                else
                        printf("%s%d@pci%d:%d:%d:%d:"
                            "\tclass=0x%06x rev=0x%02x hdr=0x%02x "
                            "vendor=0x%04x device=0x%04x "
                            "subvendor=0x%04x subdevice=0x%04x\n",
                            *p->pd_name ? p->pd_name : "none",
                            *p->pd_name ? (int)p->pd_unit :
                            none_count++, p->pc_sel.pc_domain,
                            p->pc_sel.pc_bus, p->pc_sel.pc_dev,
                            p->pc_sel.pc_func, (p->pc_class << 16) |
                            (p->pc_subclass << 8) | p->pc_progif,
                            p->pc_revid, p->pc_hdr,
                            p->pc_vendor, p->pc_device,
                            p->pc_subvendor, p->pc_subdevice);
                if (verbose)
                        list_verbose(p);
                if (bars)
                        list_bars(fd, p);
                if (bridge)
                        list_bridge(fd, p);
                if (caps)
                        list_caps(fd, p, caps);
                if (errors)
                        list_errors(fd, p);
                if (vpd)
                        list_vpd(fd, p);
        }

        free(conf);
        close(fd);
}

static int
pci_conf_compar(const void *lhs, const void *rhs)
{
        const struct pci_conf *l, *r;

        l = lhs;
        r = rhs;
        if (l->pc_sel.pc_domain != r->pc_sel.pc_domain)
                return (l->pc_sel.pc_domain - r->pc_sel.pc_domain);
        if (l->pc_sel.pc_bus != r->pc_sel.pc_bus)
                return (l->pc_sel.pc_bus - r->pc_sel.pc_bus);
        if (l->pc_sel.pc_dev != r->pc_sel.pc_dev)
                return (l->pc_sel.pc_dev - r->pc_sel.pc_dev);
        return (l->pc_sel.pc_func - r->pc_sel.pc_func);
}

static void
tree_add_device(struct pci_tree_list *head, struct pci_conf *p,
    struct pci_conf *conf, size_t count, bitstr_t *added)
{
        struct pci_tree_entry *e;
        struct pci_conf *child;
        size_t i;

        e = malloc(sizeof(*e));
        TAILQ_INIT(&e->children);
        e->p = p;
        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(head, e, link);

        switch (p->pc_hdr) {
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_BRIDGE:
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_CARDBUS:
                break;
        default:
                return;
        }
        if (p->pc_secbus == 0)
                return;

        assert(p->pc_subbus >= p->pc_secbus);
        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                child = conf + i;
                if (child->pc_sel.pc_domain < p->pc_sel.pc_domain)
                        continue;
                if (child->pc_sel.pc_domain > p->pc_sel.pc_domain)
                        break;
                if (child->pc_sel.pc_bus < p->pc_secbus)
                        continue;
                if (child->pc_sel.pc_bus > p->pc_subbus)
                        break;

                if (child->pc_sel.pc_bus == p->pc_secbus) {
                        assert(bit_test(added, i) == 0);
                        bit_set(added, i);
                        tree_add_device(&e->children, conf + i, conf, count,
                            added);
                        continue;
                }

                if (bit_test(added, i) == 0) {
                        /*
                         * This really shouldn't happen, but if for
                         * some reason a child bridge doesn't claim
                         * this device, display it now rather than
                         * later.
                         */
                        bit_set(added, i);
                        tree_add_device(&e->children, conf + i, conf, count,
                            added);
                        continue;
                }
        }
}

static bool
build_tree(struct pci_tree_list *head, struct pci_conf *conf, size_t count)
{
        bitstr_t *added;
        size_t i;

        TAILQ_INIT(head);

        /*
         * Allocate a bitstring to track which devices have already
         * been added to the tree.
         */
        added = bit_alloc(count);
        if (added == NULL)
                return (false);

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                if (bit_test(added, i))
                        continue;

                bit_set(added, i);
                tree_add_device(head, conf + i, conf, count, added);
        }

        free(added);
        return (true);
}

static void
free_tree(struct pci_tree_list *head)
{
        struct pci_tree_entry *e, *n;

        TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(e, head, link, n) {
                free_tree(&e->children);
                TAILQ_REMOVE(head, e, link);
                free(e);
        }
}

static void
print_tree_entry(struct pci_tree_entry *e, const char *indent, bool last,
    int verbose)
{
        struct pci_vendor_info *vi;
        struct pci_device_info *di;
        struct pci_tree_entry *child;
        struct pci_conf *p = e->p;
        char *indent_buf;

        printf("%s%c--- ", indent, last ? '`' : '|');
        if (p->pd_name[0] != '\0')
                printf("%s%lu", p->pd_name, p->pd_unit);
        else
                printf("pci%d:%d:%d:%d", p->pc_sel.pc_domain, p->pc_sel.pc_bus,
                    p->pc_sel.pc_dev, p->pc_sel.pc_func);

        if (verbose) {
                di = NULL;
                TAILQ_FOREACH(vi, &pci_vendors, link) {
                        if (vi->id == p->pc_vendor) {
                                printf(" %s", vi->desc);
                                TAILQ_FOREACH(di, &vi->devs, link) {
                                        if (di->id == p->pc_device) {
                                                printf(" %s", di->desc);
                                                break;
                                        }
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                }
                if (vi == NULL)
                        printf(" vendor=0x%04x device=0x%04x", p->pc_vendor,
                            p->pc_device);
                else if (di == NULL)
                        printf(" device=0x%04x", p->pc_device);
        }
        printf("\n");

        if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&e->children))
                return;

        asprintf(&indent_buf, "%s%c  ", indent, last ? ' ' : '|');
        TAILQ_FOREACH(child, &e->children, link) {
                print_tree_entry(child, indent_buf, TAILQ_NEXT(child, link) ==
                    NULL, verbose);
        }
        free(indent_buf);
}

static void
show_tree(int verbose)
{
        struct pci_tree_list head;
        struct pci_tree_entry *e, *n;
        struct pci_conf *conf;
        size_t count;
        int fd;
        bool last, new_bus;

        if (verbose)
                load_vendors();

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDONLY);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        if (!fetch_devs(fd, NULL, &conf, &count)) {
                exitstatus = 1;
                goto close_fd;
        }

        if (count == 0)
                goto close_fd;

        if (conf[0].pc_reported_len < offsetof(struct pci_conf, pc_subbus)) {
                warnx("kernel too old");
                exitstatus = 1;
                goto free_conf;
        }

        /* First, sort devices by DBSF. */
        qsort(conf, count, sizeof(*conf), pci_conf_compar);

        if (!build_tree(&head, conf, count)) {
                warnx("failed to build tree of PCI devices");
                exitstatus = 1;
                goto free_conf;
        }

        new_bus = true;
        TAILQ_FOREACH(e, &head, link) {
                if (new_bus) {
                        printf("--- pci%d:%d\n", e->p->pc_sel.pc_domain,
                            e->p->pc_sel.pc_bus);
                        new_bus = false;
                }

                /* Is this the last entry for this bus? */
                n = TAILQ_NEXT(e, link);
                if (n == NULL ||
                    n->p->pc_sel.pc_domain != e->p->pc_sel.pc_domain ||
                    n->p->pc_sel.pc_bus != e->p->pc_sel.pc_bus) {
                        last = true;
                        new_bus = true;
                } else
                        last = false;

                print_tree_entry(e, "  ", last, verbose);
        }

        free_tree(&head);
free_conf:
        free(conf);
close_fd:
        close(fd);
}

static void
print_bus_range(struct pci_conf *p)
{
        printf("    bus range  = %u-%u\n", p->pc_secbus, p->pc_subbus);
}

static void
print_window(int reg, const char *type, int range, uint64_t base,
    uint64_t limit)
{

        printf("    window[%02x] = type %s, range %2d, addr %#jx-%#jx, %s\n",
            reg, type, range, (uintmax_t)base, (uintmax_t)limit,
            base < limit ? "enabled" : "disabled");
}

static void
print_special_decode(bool isa, bool vga, bool subtractive)
{
        bool comma;

        if (isa || vga || subtractive) {
                comma = false;
                printf("    decode     = ");
                if (isa) {
                        printf("ISA");
                        comma = true;
                }
                if (vga) {
                        printf("%sVGA", comma ? ", " : "");
                        comma = true;
                }
                if (subtractive)
                        printf("%ssubtractive", comma ? ", " : "");
                printf("\n");
        }
}

static void
print_bridge_windows(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
{
        uint64_t base, limit;
        uint32_t val;
        uint16_t bctl;
        bool subtractive;
        int range;

        /*
         * XXX: This assumes that a window with a base and limit of 0
         * is not implemented.  In theory a window might be programmed
         * at the smallest size with a base of 0, but those do not seem
         * common in practice.
         */
        val = read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOBASEL_1, 1);
        if (val != 0 || read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOLIMITL_1, 1) != 0) {
                if ((val & PCIM_BRIO_MASK) == PCIM_BRIO_32) {
                        base = PCI_PPBIOBASE(
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOBASEH_1, 2),
                            val);
                        limit = PCI_PPBIOLIMIT(
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOLIMITH_1, 2),
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOLIMITL_1, 1));
                        range = 32;
                } else {
                        base = PCI_PPBIOBASE(0, val);
                        limit = PCI_PPBIOLIMIT(0,
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_IOLIMITL_1, 1));
                        range = 16;
                }
                print_window(PCIR_IOBASEL_1, "I/O Port", range, base, limit);
        }

        base = PCI_PPBMEMBASE(0,
            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_MEMBASE_1, 2));
        limit = PCI_PPBMEMLIMIT(0,
            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_MEMLIMIT_1, 2));
        print_window(PCIR_MEMBASE_1, "Memory", 32, base, limit);

        val = read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMBASEL_1, 2);
        if (val != 0 || read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMLIMITL_1, 2) != 0) {
                if ((val & PCIM_BRPM_MASK) == PCIM_BRPM_64) {
                        base = PCI_PPBMEMBASE(
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMBASEH_1, 4),
                            val);
                        limit = PCI_PPBMEMLIMIT(
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMLIMITH_1, 4),
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMLIMITL_1, 2));
                        range = 64;
                } else {
                        base = PCI_PPBMEMBASE(0, val);
                        limit = PCI_PPBMEMLIMIT(0,
                            read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_PMLIMITL_1, 2));
                        range = 32;
                }
                print_window(PCIR_PMBASEL_1, "Prefetchable Memory", range, base,
                    limit);
        }

        /*
         * XXX: This list of bridges that are subtractive but do not set
         * progif to indicate it is copied from pci_pci.c.
         */
        subtractive = p->pc_progif == PCIP_BRIDGE_PCI_SUBTRACTIVE;
        switch (p->pc_device << 16 | p->pc_vendor) {
        case 0xa002177d:                /* Cavium ThunderX */
        case 0x124b8086:                /* Intel 82380FB Mobile */
        case 0x060513d7:                /* Toshiba ???? */
                subtractive = true;
        }
        if (p->pc_vendor == 0x8086 && (p->pc_device & 0xff00) == 0x2400)
                subtractive = true;
                
        bctl = read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_BRIDGECTL_1, 2);
        print_special_decode(bctl & PCIB_BCR_ISA_ENABLE,
            bctl & PCIB_BCR_VGA_ENABLE, subtractive);
}

static void
print_cardbus_mem_window(int fd, struct pci_conf *p, int basereg, int limitreg,
    bool prefetch)
{

        print_window(basereg, prefetch ? "Prefetchable Memory" : "Memory", 32,
            PCI_CBBMEMBASE(read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, basereg, 4)),
            PCI_CBBMEMLIMIT(read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, limitreg, 4)));
}

static void
print_cardbus_io_window(int fd, struct pci_conf *p, int basereg, int limitreg)
{
        uint32_t base, limit;
        uint32_t val;
        int range;

        val = read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, basereg, 2);
        if ((val & PCIM_CBBIO_MASK) == PCIM_CBBIO_32) {
                base = PCI_CBBIOBASE(read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, basereg, 4));
                limit = PCI_CBBIOBASE(read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, limitreg, 4));
                range = 32;
        } else {
                base = PCI_CBBIOBASE(val);
                limit = PCI_CBBIOBASE(read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, limitreg, 2));
                range = 16;
        }
        print_window(basereg, "I/O Port", range, base, limit);
}

static void
print_cardbus_windows(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
{
        uint16_t bctl;

        bctl = read_config(fd, &p->pc_sel, PCIR_BRIDGECTL_2, 2);
        print_cardbus_mem_window(fd, p, PCIR_MEMBASE0_2, PCIR_MEMLIMIT0_2,
            bctl & CBB_BCR_PREFETCH_0_ENABLE);
        print_cardbus_mem_window(fd, p, PCIR_MEMBASE1_2, PCIR_MEMLIMIT1_2,
            bctl & CBB_BCR_PREFETCH_1_ENABLE);
        print_cardbus_io_window(fd, p, PCIR_IOBASE0_2, PCIR_IOLIMIT0_2);
        print_cardbus_io_window(fd, p, PCIR_IOBASE1_2, PCIR_IOLIMIT1_2);
        print_special_decode(bctl & CBB_BCR_ISA_ENABLE,
            bctl & CBB_BCR_VGA_ENABLE, false);
}

static void
list_bridge(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
{

        switch (p->pc_hdr & PCIM_HDRTYPE) {
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_BRIDGE:
                print_bus_range(p);
                print_bridge_windows(fd, p);
                break;
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_CARDBUS:
                print_bus_range(p);
                print_cardbus_windows(fd, p);
                break;
        }
}

static void
list_bars(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
{
        int i, max;

        switch (p->pc_hdr & PCIM_HDRTYPE) {
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_NORMAL:
                max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_0;
                break;
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_BRIDGE:
                max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_1;
                break;
        case PCIM_HDRTYPE_CARDBUS:
                max = PCIR_MAX_BAR_2;
                break;
        default:
                return;
        }

        for (i = 0; i <= max; i++)
                print_bar(fd, p, "bar   ", PCIR_BAR(i));
}

void
print_bar(int fd, struct pci_conf *p, const char *label, uint16_t bar_offset)
{
        uint64_t base;
        const char *type;
        struct pci_bar_io bar;
        int range;

        bar.pbi_sel = p->pc_sel;
        bar.pbi_reg = bar_offset;
        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCGETBAR, &bar) < 0)
                return;
        if (PCI_BAR_IO(bar.pbi_base)) {
                type = "I/O Port";
                range = 32;
                base = bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_IO_BASE;
        } else {
                if (bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_MEM_PREFETCH)
                        type = "Prefetchable Memory";
                else
                        type = "Memory";
                switch (bar.pbi_base & PCIM_BAR_MEM_TYPE) {
                case PCIM_BAR_MEM_32:
                        range = 32;
                        break;
                case PCIM_BAR_MEM_1MB:
                        range = 20;
                        break;
                case PCIM_BAR_MEM_64:
                        range = 64;
                        break;
                default:
                        range = -1;
                }
                base = bar.pbi_base & ~((uint64_t)0xf);
        }
        printf("    %s[%02x] = type %s, range %2d, base %#jx, ",
            label, bar_offset, type, range, (uintmax_t)base);
        printf("size %ju, %s\n", (uintmax_t)bar.pbi_length,
            bar.pbi_enabled ? "enabled" : "disabled");
}

static void
list_verbose(struct pci_conf *p)
{
        struct pci_vendor_info  *vi;
        struct pci_device_info  *di;
        const char *dp;

        TAILQ_FOREACH(vi, &pci_vendors, link) {
                if (vi->id == p->pc_vendor) {
                        printf("    vendor     = '%s'\n", vi->desc);
                        break;
                }
        }
        if (vi == NULL) {
                di = NULL;
        } else {
                TAILQ_FOREACH(di, &vi->devs, link) {
                        if (di->id == p->pc_device) {
                                printf("    device     = '%s'\n", di->desc);
                                break;
                        }
                }
        }
        if ((dp = guess_class(p)) != NULL)
                printf("    class      = %s\n", dp);
        if ((dp = guess_subclass(p)) != NULL)
                printf("    subclass   = %s\n", dp);
}

static void
list_vpd(int fd, struct pci_conf *p)
{
        struct pci_list_vpd_io list;
        struct pci_vpd_element *vpd, *end;

        list.plvi_sel = p->pc_sel;
        list.plvi_len = 0;
        list.plvi_data = NULL;
        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCLISTVPD, &list) < 0 || list.plvi_len == 0)
                return;

        list.plvi_data = malloc(list.plvi_len);
        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCLISTVPD, &list) < 0) {
                free(list.plvi_data);
                return;
        }

        vpd = list.plvi_data;
        end = (struct pci_vpd_element *)((char *)vpd + list.plvi_len);
        for (; vpd < end; vpd = PVE_NEXT(vpd)) {
                if (vpd->pve_flags == PVE_FLAG_IDENT) {
                        printf("    VPD ident  = '%.*s'\n",
                            (int)vpd->pve_datalen, vpd->pve_data);
                        continue;
                }

                /* Ignore the checksum keyword. */
                if (!(vpd->pve_flags & PVE_FLAG_RW) &&
                    memcmp(vpd->pve_keyword, "RV", 2) == 0)
                        continue;

                /* Ignore remaining read-write space. */
                if (vpd->pve_flags & PVE_FLAG_RW &&
                    memcmp(vpd->pve_keyword, "RW", 2) == 0)
                        continue;

                /* Handle extended capability keyword. */
                if (!(vpd->pve_flags & PVE_FLAG_RW) &&
                    memcmp(vpd->pve_keyword, "CP", 2) == 0) {
                        printf("    VPD ro CP  = ID %02x in map 0x%x[0x%x]\n",
                            (unsigned int)vpd->pve_data[0],
                            PCIR_BAR((unsigned int)vpd->pve_data[1]),
                            (unsigned int)vpd->pve_data[3] << 8 |
                            (unsigned int)vpd->pve_data[2]);
                        continue;
                }

                /* Remaining keywords should all have ASCII values. */
                printf("    VPD %s %c%c  = '%.*s'\n",
                    vpd->pve_flags & PVE_FLAG_RW ? "rw" : "ro",
                    vpd->pve_keyword[0], vpd->pve_keyword[1],
                    (int)vpd->pve_datalen, vpd->pve_data);
        }
        free(list.plvi_data);
}

/*
 * This is a direct cut-and-paste from the table in sys/dev/pci/pci.c.
 */
static struct
{
        int     class;
        int     subclass;
        const char *desc;
} pci_nomatch_tab[] = {
        {PCIC_OLD,              -1,                     "old"},
        {PCIC_OLD,              PCIS_OLD_NONVGA,        "non-VGA display device"},
        {PCIC_OLD,              PCIS_OLD_VGA,           "VGA-compatible display device"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          -1,                     "mass storage"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_SCSI,      "SCSI"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_IDE,       "ATA"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_FLOPPY,    "floppy disk"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_IPI,       "IPI"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_RAID,      "RAID"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_ATA_ADMA,  "ATA (ADMA)"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_SATA,      "SATA"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_SAS,       "SAS"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_NVM,       "NVM"},
        {PCIC_STORAGE,          PCIS_STORAGE_UFS,       "UFS"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          -1,                     "network"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_ETHERNET,  "ethernet"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_TOKENRING, "token ring"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_FDDI,      "fddi"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_ATM,       "ATM"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_ISDN,      "ISDN"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_WORLDFIP,  "WorldFip"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_PICMG,     "PICMG"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_INFINIBAND,        "InfiniBand"},
        {PCIC_NETWORK,          PCIS_NETWORK_HFC,       "host fabric"},
        {PCIC_DISPLAY,          -1,                     "display"},
        {PCIC_DISPLAY,          PCIS_DISPLAY_VGA,       "VGA"},
        {PCIC_DISPLAY,          PCIS_DISPLAY_XGA,       "XGA"},
        {PCIC_DISPLAY,          PCIS_DISPLAY_3D,        "3D"},
        {PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,       -1,                     "multimedia"},
        {PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,       PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_VIDEO,  "video"},
        {PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,       PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_AUDIO,  "audio"},
        {PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,       PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_TELE,   "telephony"},
        {PCIC_MULTIMEDIA,       PCIS_MULTIMEDIA_HDA,    "HDA"},
        {PCIC_MEMORY,           -1,                     "memory"},
        {PCIC_MEMORY,           PCIS_MEMORY_RAM,        "RAM"},
        {PCIC_MEMORY,           PCIS_MEMORY_FLASH,      "flash"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           -1,                     "bridge"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_HOST,       "HOST-PCI"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_ISA,        "PCI-ISA"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_EISA,       "PCI-EISA"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_MCA,        "PCI-MCA"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_PCI,        "PCI-PCI"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_PCMCIA,     "PCI-PCMCIA"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_NUBUS,      "PCI-NuBus"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_CARDBUS,    "PCI-CardBus"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_RACEWAY,    "PCI-RACEway"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_PCI_TRANSPARENT,
            "Semi-transparent PCI-to-PCI"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_INFINIBAND, "InfiniBand-PCI"},
        {PCIC_BRIDGE,           PCIS_BRIDGE_AS_PCI,
            "AdvancedSwitching-PCI"},
        {PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,       -1,                     "simple comms"},
        {PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,       PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_UART,   "UART"},        /* could detect 16550 */
        {PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,       PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_PAR,    "parallel port"},
        {PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,       PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_MULSER, "multiport serial"},
        {PCIC_SIMPLECOMM,       PCIS_SIMPLECOMM_MODEM,  "generic modem"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       -1,                     "base peripheral"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_PIC,    "interrupt controller"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_DMA,    "DMA controller"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_TIMER,  "timer"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_RTC,    "realtime clock"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_PCIHOT, "PCI hot-plug controller"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_SDHC,   "SD host controller"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_IOMMU,  "IOMMU"},
        {PCIC_BASEPERIPH,       PCIS_BASEPERIPH_RCEC,
            "Root Complex Event Collector"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         -1,                     "input device"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         PCIS_INPUTDEV_KEYBOARD, "keyboard"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         PCIS_INPUTDEV_DIGITIZER,"digitizer"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         PCIS_INPUTDEV_MOUSE,    "mouse"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         PCIS_INPUTDEV_SCANNER,  "scanner"},
        {PCIC_INPUTDEV,         PCIS_INPUTDEV_GAMEPORT, "gameport"},
        {PCIC_DOCKING,          -1,                     "docking station"},
        {PCIC_PROCESSOR,        -1,                     "processor"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        -1,                     "serial bus"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_FW,      "FireWire"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_ACCESS,  "AccessBus"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_SSA,     "SSA"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_USB,     "USB"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_FC,      "Fibre Channel"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_SMBUS,   "SMBus"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_INFINIBAND,      "InfiniBand"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_IPMI,    "IPMI"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_SERCOS,  "SERCOS"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_CANBUS,  "CANbus"},
        {PCIC_SERIALBUS,        PCIS_SERIALBUS_MIPI_I3C,        "MIPI I3C"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         -1,                     "wireless controller"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_IRDA,     "iRDA"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_IR,       "IR"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_RF,       "RF"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_BLUETOOTH,        "bluetooth"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_BROADBAND,        "broadband"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_80211A,   "ethernet 802.11a"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_80211B,   "ethernet 802.11b"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_CELL,
            "cellular controller/modem"},
        {PCIC_WIRELESS,         PCIS_WIRELESS_CELL_E,
            "cellular controller/modem plus ethernet"},
        {PCIC_INTELLIIO,        -1,                     "intelligent I/O controller"},
        {PCIC_INTELLIIO,        PCIS_INTELLIIO_I2O,     "I2O"},
        {PCIC_SATCOM,           -1,                     "satellite communication"},
        {PCIC_SATCOM,           PCIS_SATCOM_TV,         "sat TV"},
        {PCIC_SATCOM,           PCIS_SATCOM_AUDIO,      "sat audio"},
        {PCIC_SATCOM,           PCIS_SATCOM_VOICE,      "sat voice"},
        {PCIC_SATCOM,           PCIS_SATCOM_DATA,       "sat data"},
        {PCIC_CRYPTO,           -1,                     "encrypt/decrypt"},
        {PCIC_CRYPTO,           PCIS_CRYPTO_NETCOMP,    "network/computer crypto"},
        {PCIC_CRYPTO,           PCIS_CRYPTO_ENTERTAIN,  "entertainment crypto"},
        {PCIC_DASP,             -1,                     "dasp"},
        {PCIC_DASP,             PCIS_DASP_DPIO,         "DPIO module"},
        {PCIC_DASP,             PCIS_DASP_PERFCNTRS,    "performance counters"},
        {PCIC_DASP,             PCIS_DASP_COMM_SYNC,    "communication synchronizer"},
        {PCIC_DASP,             PCIS_DASP_MGMT_CARD,    "signal processing management"},
        {PCIC_ACCEL,            -1,                     "processing accelerators"},
        {PCIC_ACCEL,            PCIS_ACCEL_PROCESSING,  "processing accelerators"},
        {PCIC_INSTRUMENT,       -1,                     "non-essential instrumentation"},
        {0, 0,          NULL}
};

static const char *
guess_class(struct pci_conf *p)
{
        int     i;

        for (i = 0; pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc != NULL; i++) {
                if (pci_nomatch_tab[i].class == p->pc_class)
                        return(pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc);
        }
        return(NULL);
}

static const char *
guess_subclass(struct pci_conf *p)
{
        int     i;

        for (i = 0; pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc != NULL; i++) {
                if ((pci_nomatch_tab[i].class == p->pc_class) &&
                    (pci_nomatch_tab[i].subclass == p->pc_subclass))
                        return(pci_nomatch_tab[i].desc);
        }
        return(NULL);
}

static int
load_vendors(void)
{
        const char *dbf;
        FILE *db;
        struct pci_vendor_info *cv;
        struct pci_device_info *cd;
        char buf[1024], str[1024];
        char *ch;
        int id, error;

        /*
         * Locate the database and initialise.
         */
        TAILQ_INIT(&pci_vendors);
        if ((dbf = getenv("PCICONF_VENDOR_DATABASE")) == NULL)
                dbf = _PATH_LPCIVDB;
        if ((db = fopen(dbf, "r")) == NULL) {
                dbf = _PATH_PCIVDB;
                if ((db = fopen(dbf, "r")) == NULL)
                        return(1);
        }
        cv = NULL;
        cd = NULL;
        error = 0;

        /*
         * Scan input lines from the database
         */
        for (;;) {
                if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), db) == NULL)
                        break;

                if ((ch = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
                        *ch = '\0';
                ch = strchr(buf, '\0') - 1;
                while (ch > buf && isspace(*ch))
                        *ch-- = '\0';
                if (ch <= buf)
                        continue;

                /* Can't handle subvendor / subdevice entries yet */
                if (buf[0] == '\t' && buf[1] == '\t')
                        continue;

                /* Check for vendor entry */
                if (buf[0] != '\t' && sscanf(buf, "%04x %[^\n]", &id, str) == 2) {
                        if ((id == 0) || (strlen(str) < 1))
                                continue;
                        if ((cv = malloc(sizeof(struct pci_vendor_info))) == NULL) {
                                warn("allocating vendor entry");
                                error = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                        if ((cv->desc = strdup(str)) == NULL) {
                                free(cv);
                                warn("allocating vendor description");
                                error = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                        cv->id = id;
                        TAILQ_INIT(&cv->devs);
                        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pci_vendors, cv, link);
                        continue;
                }

                /* Check for device entry */
                if (buf[0] == '\t' && sscanf(buf + 1, "%04x %[^\n]", &id, str) == 2) {
                        if ((id == 0) || (strlen(str) < 1))
                                continue;
                        if (cv == NULL) {
                                warnx("device entry with no vendor!");
                                continue;
                        }
                        if ((cd = malloc(sizeof(struct pci_device_info))) == NULL) {
                                warn("allocating device entry");
                                error = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                        if ((cd->desc = strdup(str)) == NULL) {
                                free(cd);
                                warn("allocating device description");
                                error = 1;
                                break;
                        }
                        cd->id = id;
                        TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&cv->devs, cd, link);
                        continue;
                }

                /* It's a comment or junk, ignore it */
        }
        if (ferror(db))
                error = 1;
        fclose(db);

        return(error);
}

uint32_t
read_config(int fd, struct pcisel *sel, long reg, int width)
{
        struct pci_io pi;

        pi.pi_sel = *sel;
        pi.pi_reg = reg;
        pi.pi_width = width;

        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCREAD, &pi) < 0)
                err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCREAD)");

        return (pi.pi_data);
}

static struct pcisel
getdevice(const char *name)
{
        struct pci_conf_io pc;
        struct pci_conf conf[1];
        struct pci_match_conf patterns[1];
        char *cp;
        int fd; 

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDONLY, 0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        bzero(&pc, sizeof(struct pci_conf_io));
        pc.match_buf_len = sizeof(conf);
        pc.matches = conf;

        bzero(&patterns, sizeof(patterns));

        /*
         * The pattern structure requires the unit to be split out from
         * the driver name.  Walk backwards from the end of the name to
         * find the start of the unit.
         */
        if (name[0] == '\0')
                errx(1, "Empty device name");
        cp = strchr(name, '\0');
        assert(cp != NULL && cp != name);
        cp--;
        while (cp != name && isdigit(cp[-1]))
                cp--;
        if (cp == name || !isdigit(*cp))
                errx(1, "Invalid device name");
        if ((size_t)(cp - name) + 1 > sizeof(patterns[0].pd_name))
                errx(1, "Device name is too long");
        memcpy(patterns[0].pd_name, name, cp - name);
        patterns[0].pd_unit = strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
        if (*cp != '\0')
                errx(1, "Invalid device name");
        patterns[0].flags = PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_NAME | PCI_GETCONF_MATCH_UNIT;
        pc.num_patterns = 1;
        pc.pat_buf_len = sizeof(patterns);
        pc.patterns = patterns;

        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCGETCONF, &pc) == -1)
                err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCGETCONF)");
        if (pc.status != PCI_GETCONF_LAST_DEVICE &&
            pc.status != PCI_GETCONF_MORE_DEVS)
                errx(1, "error returned from PCIOCGETCONF ioctl");
        close(fd);
        if (pc.num_matches == 0)
                errx(1, "Device not found");
        return (conf[0].pc_sel);
}

static struct pcisel
parsesel(const char *str)
{
        const char *ep;
        char *eppos;
        struct pcisel sel;
        unsigned long selarr[4];
        int i;

        ep = strchr(str, '@');
        if (ep != NULL)
                ep++;
        else
                ep = str;

        if (strncmp(ep, "pci", 3) == 0) {
                ep += 3;
                i = 0;
                while (isdigit(*ep) && i < 4) {
                        selarr[i++] = strtoul(ep, &eppos, 10);
                        ep = eppos;
                        if (*ep == ':')
                                ep++;
                }
                if (i > 0 && *ep == '\0') {
                        sel.pc_func = (i > 2) ? selarr[--i] : 0;
                        sel.pc_dev = (i > 0) ? selarr[--i] : 0;
                        sel.pc_bus = (i > 0) ? selarr[--i] : 0;
                        sel.pc_domain = (i > 0) ? selarr[--i] : 0;
                        return (sel);
                }
        }
        errx(1, "cannot parse selector %s", str);
}

static struct pcisel
getsel(const char *str)
{

        /*
         * No device names contain colons and selectors always contain
         * at least one colon.
         */
        if (strchr(str, ':') == NULL)
                return (getdevice(str));
        else
                return (parsesel(str));
}

static void
readone(int fd, struct pcisel *sel, long reg, int width)
{

        printf("%0*x", width*2, read_config(fd, sel, reg, width));
}

static void
readit(const char *name, const char *reg, int width)
{
        long rstart;
        long rend;
        long r;
        char *end;
        int i;
        int fd;
        struct pcisel sel;

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        rend = rstart = strtol(reg, &end, 0);
        if (end && *end == ':') {
                end++;
                rend = strtol(end, (char **) 0, 0);
        }
        sel = getsel(name);
        for (i = 1, r = rstart; r <= rend; i++, r += width) {
                readone(fd, &sel, r, width);
                if (i && !(i % 8))
                        putchar(' ');
                putchar(i % (16/width) ? ' ' : '\n');
        }
        if (i % (16/width) != 1)
                putchar('\n');
        close(fd);
}

static void
writeit(const char *name, const char *reg, const char *data, int width)
{
        int fd;
        struct pci_io pi;

        pi.pi_sel = getsel(name);
        pi.pi_reg = strtoul(reg, (char **)0, 0); /* XXX error check */
        pi.pi_width = width;
        pi.pi_data = strtoul(data, (char **)0, 0); /* XXX error check */

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCWRITE, &pi) < 0)
                err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCWRITE)");
        close(fd);
}

static void
chkattached(const char *name)
{
        int fd;
        struct pci_io pi;

        pi.pi_sel = getsel(name);

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCATTACHED, &pi) < 0)
                err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCATTACHED)");

        exitstatus = pi.pi_data ? 0 : 2; /* exit(2), if NOT attached */
        printf("%s: %s%s\n", name, pi.pi_data == 0 ? "not " : "", "attached");
        close(fd);
}

static void
dump_bar(const char *name, const char *reg, const char *bar_start,
    const char *bar_count, int width, int verbose)
{
        struct pci_bar_mmap pbm;
        uint32_t *dd;
        uint16_t *dh;
        uint8_t *db;
        uint64_t *dx, a, start, count;
        char *el;
        size_t res;
        int fd;

        start = 0;
        if (bar_start != NULL) {
                start = strtoul(bar_start, &el, 0);
                if (*el != '\0')
                        errx(1, "Invalid bar start specification %s",
                            bar_start);
        }
        count = 0;
        if (bar_count != NULL) {
                count = strtoul(bar_count, &el, 0);
                if (*el != '\0')
                        errx(1, "Invalid count specification %s",
                            bar_count);
        }

        pbm.pbm_sel = getsel(name);
        pbm.pbm_reg = strtoul(reg, &el, 0);
        if (*reg == '\0' || *el != '\0')
                errx(1, "Invalid bar specification %s", reg);
        pbm.pbm_flags = 0;
        pbm.pbm_memattr = VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE;

        fd = open(_PATH_DEVPCI, O_RDWR, 0);
        if (fd < 0)
                err(1, "%s", _PATH_DEVPCI);

        if (ioctl(fd, PCIOCBARMMAP, &pbm) < 0)
                err(1, "ioctl(PCIOCBARMMAP)");

        if (count == 0)
                count = pbm.pbm_bar_length / width;
        if (start + count < start || (start + count) * width < (uint64_t)width)
                errx(1, "(start + count) x width overflow");
        if ((start + count) * width > pbm.pbm_bar_length) {
                if (start * width > pbm.pbm_bar_length)
                        count = 0;
                else
                        count = (pbm.pbm_bar_length - start * width) / width;
        }
        if (verbose) {
                fprintf(stderr,
                    "Dumping pci%d:%d:%d:%d BAR %x mapped base %p "
                    "off %#x length %#jx from %#jx count %#jx in %d-bytes\n",
                    pbm.pbm_sel.pc_domain, pbm.pbm_sel.pc_bus,
                    pbm.pbm_sel.pc_dev, pbm.pbm_sel.pc_func,
                    pbm.pbm_reg, pbm.pbm_map_base, pbm.pbm_bar_off,
                    pbm.pbm_bar_length, start, count, width);
        }
        switch (width) {
        case 1:
                db = (uint8_t *)(uintptr_t)((uintptr_t)pbm.pbm_map_base +
                    pbm.pbm_bar_off + start * width);
                for (a = 0; a < count; a++, db++) {
                        res = fwrite(db, width, 1, stdout);
                        if (res != 1) {
                                errx(1, "error writing to stdout");
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
        case 2:
                dh = (uint16_t *)(uintptr_t)((uintptr_t)pbm.pbm_map_base +
                    pbm.pbm_bar_off + start * width);
                for (a = 0; a < count; a++, dh++) {
                        res = fwrite(dh, width, 1, stdout);
                        if (res != 1) {
                                errx(1, "error writing to stdout");
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
        case 4:
                dd = (uint32_t *)(uintptr_t)((uintptr_t)pbm.pbm_map_base +
                    pbm.pbm_bar_off + start * width);
                for (a = 0; a < count; a ++, dd++) {
                        res = fwrite(dd, width, 1, stdout);
                        if (res != 1) {
                                errx(1, "error writing to stdout");
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
        case 8:
                dx = (uint64_t *)(uintptr_t)((uintptr_t)pbm.pbm_map_base +
                    pbm.pbm_bar_off + start * width);
                for (a = 0; a < count; a++, dx++) {
                        res = fwrite(dx, width, 1, stdout);
                        if (res != 1) {
                                errx(1, "error writing to stdout");
                                break;
                        }
                }
                break;
        default:
                errx(1, "invalid access width");
        }

        munmap((void *)pbm.pbm_map_base, pbm.pbm_map_length);
        close(fd);
}