/*      $NetBSD: prop_object.c,v 1.26 2009/03/30 07:42:51 haad Exp $    */

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2006, 2007 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by Jason R. Thorpe.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <libprop/prop_object.h>
#include "prop_object_impl.h"

#if !defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(_STANDALONE)
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

/* XXX: netbsd's _nv stuff effectively does addfetch, not fetchadd */
#define atomic_inc_32_nv(x)     (atomic_fetchadd_int(x, 1)+1)
#define atomic_dec_32_nv(x)     (atomic_fetchadd_int(x, -1)-1)
#define atomic_inc_32(x)        atomic_add_int(x, 1)
#define atomic_dec_32(x)        atomic_add_int(x, 1)

#include <machine/atomic.h>

#ifdef _STANDALONE
void *
_prop_standalone_calloc(size_t size)
{
        void *rv;

        rv = alloc(size);
        if (rv != NULL)
                memset(rv, 0, size);

        return (rv);
}

void *
_prop_standalone_realloc(void *v, size_t size)
{
        void *rv;

        rv = alloc(size);
        if (rv != NULL) {
                memcpy(rv, v, size);    /* XXX */
                dealloc(v, 0);          /* XXX */
        }
        
        return (rv);
}
#endif /* _STANDALONE */

/*
 * _prop_object_init --
 *      Initialize an object.  Called when sub-classes create
 *      an instance.
 */
void
_prop_object_init(struct _prop_object *po, const struct _prop_object_type *pot)
{

        po->po_type = pot;
        po->po_refcnt = 1;
}

/*
 * _prop_object_fini --
 *      Finalize an object.  Called when sub-classes destroy
 *      an instance.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
void
_prop_object_fini(struct _prop_object *po _PROP_ARG_UNUSED)
{
        /* Nothing to do, currently. */
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_start_tag --
 *      Append an XML-style start tag to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_start_tag(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, const char *tag)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ctx->poec_depth; i++) {
                if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\t') == false)
                        return (false);
        }
        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '<') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx, tag) == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '>') == false)
                return (false);
        
        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_end_tag --
 *      Append an XML-style end tag to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_end_tag(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, const char *tag)
{

        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '<') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '/') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx, tag) == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '>') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\n') == false)
                return (false);

        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_empty_tag --
 *      Append an XML-style empty tag to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_empty_tag(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, const char *tag)
{
        unsigned int i;

        for (i = 0; i < ctx->poec_depth; i++) {
                if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\t') == false)
                        return (false);
        }

        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '<') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx, tag) == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '/') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '>') == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\n') == false)
                return (false);
        
        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_append_cstring --
 *      Append a C string to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, const char *cp)
{

        while (*cp != '\0') {
                if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx,
                                                (unsigned char) *cp) == false)
                        return (false);
                cp++;
        }

        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_append_encoded_cstring --
 *      Append an encoded C string to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_append_encoded_cstring(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, const char *cp)
{

        while (*cp != '\0') {
                switch (*cp) {
                case '<':
                        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx,
                                        "&lt;") == false)
                                return (false);
                        break;
                case '>':
                        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx,
                                        "&gt;") == false)
                                return (false);
                        break;
                case '&':
                        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx,
                                        "&amp;") == false)
                                return (false);
                        break;
                default:
                        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx,
                                        (unsigned char) *cp) == false)
                                return (false);
                        break;
                }
                cp++;
        }

        return (true);
}

#define BUF_EXPAND              256

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_append_char --
 *      Append a single character to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_append_char(
    struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx, unsigned char c)
{

        _PROP_ASSERT(ctx->poec_capacity != 0);
        _PROP_ASSERT(ctx->poec_buf != NULL);
        _PROP_ASSERT(ctx->poec_len <= ctx->poec_capacity);

        if (ctx->poec_len == ctx->poec_capacity) {
                char *cp = _PROP_REALLOC(ctx->poec_buf,
                                         ctx->poec_capacity + BUF_EXPAND,
                                         M_TEMP);
                if (cp == NULL)
                        return (false);
                ctx->poec_capacity = ctx->poec_capacity + BUF_EXPAND;
                ctx->poec_buf = cp;
        }

        ctx->poec_buf[ctx->poec_len++] = c;

        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_header --
 *      Append the standard XML header to the externalize buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_header(struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx)
{
        static const char _plist_xml_header[] =
"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n"
"<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC \"-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN\" \"http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd\">\n";

        if (_prop_object_externalize_append_cstring(ctx,
                                                 _plist_xml_header) == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_start_tag(ctx,
                                       "plist version=\"1.0\"") == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\n') == false)
                return (false);

        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_footer --
 *      Append the standard XML footer to the externalize buffer.  This
 *      also NUL-terminates the buffer.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_footer(struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx)
{

        if (_prop_object_externalize_end_tag(ctx, "plist") == false ||
            _prop_object_externalize_append_char(ctx, '\0') == false)
                return (false);

        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_context_alloc --
 *      Allocate an externalize context.
 */
struct _prop_object_externalize_context *
_prop_object_externalize_context_alloc(void)
{
        struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx;

        ctx = _PROP_MALLOC(sizeof(*ctx), M_TEMP);
        if (ctx != NULL) {
                ctx->poec_buf = _PROP_MALLOC(BUF_EXPAND, M_TEMP);
                if (ctx->poec_buf == NULL) {
                        _PROP_FREE(ctx, M_TEMP);
                        return (NULL);
                }
                ctx->poec_len = 0;
                ctx->poec_capacity = BUF_EXPAND;
                ctx->poec_depth = 0;
        }
        return (ctx);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_context_free --
 *      Free an externalize context.
 */
void
_prop_object_externalize_context_free(
                struct _prop_object_externalize_context *ctx)
{

        /* Buffer is always freed by the caller. */
        _PROP_FREE(ctx, M_TEMP);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_skip_comment --
 *      Skip the body and end tag of a comment.
 */
static bool
_prop_object_internalize_skip_comment(
                                struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx)
{
        const char *cp = ctx->poic_cp;

        while (!_PROP_EOF(*cp)) {
                if (cp[0] == '-' &&
                    cp[1] == '-' &&
                    cp[2] == '>') {
                        ctx->poic_cp = cp + 3;
                        return (true);
                }
                cp++;
        }

        return (false);         /* ran out of buffer */
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_find_tag --
 *      Find the next tag in an XML stream.  Optionally compare the found
 *      tag to an expected tag name.  State of the context is undefined
 *      if this routine returns false.  Upon success, the context points
 *      to the first octet after the tag.
 */
bool
_prop_object_internalize_find_tag(struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx,
                      const char *tag, _prop_tag_type_t type)
{
        const char *cp;
        size_t taglen;

        if (tag != NULL)
                taglen = strlen(tag);
        else
                taglen = 0;

 start_over:
        cp = ctx->poic_cp;

        /*
         * Find the start of the tag.
         */
        while (_PROP_ISSPACE(*cp))
                cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        if (*cp != '<')
                return (false);

        ctx->poic_tag_start = cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        if (*cp == '!') {
                if (cp[1] != '-' || cp[2] != '-')
                        return (false);
                /*
                 * Comment block -- only allowed if we are allowed to
                 * return a start tag.
                 */
                if (type == _PROP_TAG_TYPE_END)
                        return (false);
                ctx->poic_cp = cp + 3;
                if (_prop_object_internalize_skip_comment(ctx) == false)
                        return (false);
                goto start_over;
        }

        if (*cp == '/') {
                if (type != _PROP_TAG_TYPE_END &&
                    type != _PROP_TAG_TYPE_EITHER)
                        return (false);
                cp++;
                if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                        return (false);
                ctx->poic_tag_type = _PROP_TAG_TYPE_END;
        } else {
                if (type != _PROP_TAG_TYPE_START &&
                    type != _PROP_TAG_TYPE_EITHER)
                        return (false);
                ctx->poic_tag_type = _PROP_TAG_TYPE_START;
        }

        ctx->poic_tagname = cp;

        while (!_PROP_ISSPACE(*cp) && *cp != '/' && *cp != '>')
                cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        ctx->poic_tagname_len = cp - ctx->poic_tagname;

        /* Make sure this is the tag we're looking for. */
        if (tag != NULL &&
            (taglen != ctx->poic_tagname_len ||
             memcmp(tag, ctx->poic_tagname, taglen) != 0))
                return (false);
        
        /* Check for empty tag. */
        if (*cp == '/') {
                if (ctx->poic_tag_type != _PROP_TAG_TYPE_START)
                        return(false);          /* only valid on start tags */
                ctx->poic_is_empty_element = true;
                cp++;
                if (_PROP_EOF(*cp) || *cp != '>')
                        return (false);
        } else
                ctx->poic_is_empty_element = false;

        /* Easy case of no arguments. */
        if (*cp == '>') {
                ctx->poic_tagattr = NULL;
                ctx->poic_tagattr_len = 0;
                ctx->poic_tagattrval = NULL;
                ctx->poic_tagattrval_len = 0;
                ctx->poic_cp = cp + 1;
                return (true);
        }

        _PROP_ASSERT(!_PROP_EOF(*cp));
        cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        while (_PROP_ISSPACE(*cp))
                cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        ctx->poic_tagattr = cp;

        while (!_PROP_ISSPACE(*cp) && *cp != '=')
                cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);

        ctx->poic_tagattr_len = cp - ctx->poic_tagattr;
        
        cp++;
        if (*cp != '\"')
                return (false);
        cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);
        
        ctx->poic_tagattrval = cp;
        while (*cp != '\"')
                cp++;
        if (_PROP_EOF(*cp))
                return (false);
        ctx->poic_tagattrval_len = cp - ctx->poic_tagattrval;
        
        cp++;
        if (*cp != '>')
                return (false);

        ctx->poic_cp = cp + 1;
        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_decode_string --
 *      Decode an encoded string.
 */
bool
_prop_object_internalize_decode_string(
                                struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx,
                                char *target, size_t targsize, size_t *sizep,
                                const char **cpp)
{
        const char *src;
        size_t tarindex;
        char c;
        
        tarindex = 0;
        src = ctx->poic_cp;

        for (;;) {
                if (_PROP_EOF(*src))
                        return (false);
                if (*src == '<') {
                        break;
                }

                if ((c = *src) == '&') {
                        if (src[1] == 'a' &&
                            src[2] == 'm' &&
                            src[3] == 'p' &&
                            src[4] == ';') {
                                c = '&';
                                src += 5;
                        } else if (src[1] == 'l' &&
                                   src[2] == 't' &&
                                   src[3] == ';') {
                                c = '<';
                                src += 4;
                        } else if (src[1] == 'g' &&
                                   src[2] == 't' &&
                                   src[3] == ';') {
                                c = '>';
                                src += 4;
                        } else if (src[1] == 'a' &&
                                   src[2] == 'p' &&
                                   src[3] == 'o' &&
                                   src[4] == 's' &&
                                   src[5] == ';') {
                                c = '\'';
                                src += 6;
                        } else if (src[1] == 'q' &&
                                   src[2] == 'u' &&
                                   src[3] == 'o' &&
                                   src[4] == 't' &&
                                   src[5] == ';') {
                                c = '\"';
                                src += 6;
                        } else
                                return (false);
                } else
                        src++;
                if (target) {
                        if (tarindex >= targsize)
                                return (false);
                        target[tarindex] = c;
                }
                tarindex++;
        }

        _PROP_ASSERT(*src == '<');
        if (sizep != NULL)
                *sizep = tarindex;
        if (cpp != NULL)
                *cpp = src;
        
        return (true);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_match --
 *      Returns true if the two character streams match.
 */
bool
_prop_object_internalize_match(const char *str1, size_t len1,
                               const char *str2, size_t len2)
{

        return (len1 == len2 && memcmp(str1, str2, len1) == 0);
}

#define INTERNALIZER(t, f)                      \
{       t,      sizeof(t) - 1,          f       }

static const struct _prop_object_internalizer {
        const char                      *poi_tag;
        size_t                          poi_taglen;
        prop_object_internalizer_t      poi_intern;
} _prop_object_internalizer_table[] = {
        INTERNALIZER("array", _prop_array_internalize),

        INTERNALIZER("true", _prop_bool_internalize),
        INTERNALIZER("false", _prop_bool_internalize),

        INTERNALIZER("data", _prop_data_internalize),

        INTERNALIZER("dict", _prop_dictionary_internalize),

        INTERNALIZER("integer", _prop_number_internalize),

        INTERNALIZER("string", _prop_string_internalize),

        { 0, 0, NULL }
};

#undef INTERNALIZER

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_by_tag --
 *      Determine the object type from the tag in the context and
 *      internalize it.
 */
prop_object_t
_prop_object_internalize_by_tag(struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx)
{
        const struct _prop_object_internalizer *poi;
        prop_object_t obj, parent_obj;
        void *data, *iter;
        prop_object_internalizer_continue_t iter_func;
        struct _prop_stack stack;

        _prop_stack_init(&stack);

match_start:
        for (poi = _prop_object_internalizer_table;
             poi->poi_tag != NULL; poi++) {
                if (_prop_object_internalize_match(ctx->poic_tagname,
                                                   ctx->poic_tagname_len,
                                                   poi->poi_tag,
                                                   poi->poi_taglen))
                        break;
        }
        if ((poi == NULL) || (poi->poi_tag == NULL)) {
                while (_prop_stack_pop(&stack, &obj, &iter, &data, NULL)) {
                        iter_func = (prop_object_internalizer_continue_t)iter;
                        (*iter_func)(&stack, &obj, ctx, data, NULL);
                }

                return (NULL);
        }

        obj = NULL;
        if (!(*poi->poi_intern)(&stack, &obj, ctx))
                goto match_start;

        parent_obj = obj;
        while (_prop_stack_pop(&stack, &parent_obj, &iter, &data, NULL)) {
                iter_func = (prop_object_internalizer_continue_t)iter;
                if (!(*iter_func)(&stack, &parent_obj, ctx, data, obj))
                        goto match_start;
                obj = parent_obj;
        }

        return (parent_obj);
}

prop_object_t
_prop_generic_internalize(const char *xml, const char *master_tag)
{
        prop_object_t obj = NULL;
        struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx;

        ctx = _prop_object_internalize_context_alloc(xml);
        if (ctx == NULL)
                return (NULL);

        /* We start with a <plist> tag. */
        if (_prop_object_internalize_find_tag(ctx, "plist",
                                              _PROP_TAG_TYPE_START) == false)
                goto out;

        /* Plist elements cannot be empty. */
        if (ctx->poic_is_empty_element)
                goto out;

        /*
         * We don't understand any plist attributes, but Apple XML
         * property lists often have a "version" attribute.  If we
         * see that one, we simply ignore it.
         */
        if (ctx->poic_tagattr != NULL &&
            !_PROP_TAGATTR_MATCH(ctx, "version"))
                goto out;

        /* Next we expect to see opening master_tag. */
        if (_prop_object_internalize_find_tag(ctx, master_tag,
                                              _PROP_TAG_TYPE_START) == false)
                goto out;

        obj = _prop_object_internalize_by_tag(ctx);
        if (obj == NULL)
                goto out;

        /*
         * We've advanced past the closing master_tag.
         * Now we want </plist>.
         */
        if (_prop_object_internalize_find_tag(ctx, "plist",
                                              _PROP_TAG_TYPE_END) == false) {
                prop_object_release(obj);
                obj = NULL;
        }

 out:
        _prop_object_internalize_context_free(ctx);
        return (obj);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_context_alloc --
 *      Allocate an internalize context.
 */
struct _prop_object_internalize_context *
_prop_object_internalize_context_alloc(const char *xml)
{
        struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx;

        ctx = _PROP_MALLOC(sizeof(struct _prop_object_internalize_context),
                           M_TEMP);
        if (ctx == NULL)
                return (NULL);
        
        ctx->poic_xml = ctx->poic_cp = xml;

        /*
         * Skip any whitespace and XML preamble stuff that we don't
         * know about / care about.
         */
        for (;;) {
                while (_PROP_ISSPACE(*xml))
                        xml++;
                if (_PROP_EOF(*xml) || *xml != '<')
                        goto bad;

#define MATCH(str)      (memcmp(&xml[1], str, sizeof(str) - 1) == 0)

                /*
                 * Skip over the XML preamble that Apple XML property
                 * lists usually include at the top of the file.
                 */
                if (MATCH("?xml ") ||
                    MATCH("!DOCTYPE plist")) {
                        while (*xml != '>' && !_PROP_EOF(*xml))
                                xml++;
                        if (_PROP_EOF(*xml))
                                goto bad;
                        xml++;  /* advance past the '>' */
                        continue;
                }

                if (MATCH("<!--")) {
                        ctx->poic_cp = xml + 4;
                        if (_prop_object_internalize_skip_comment(ctx) == false)
                                goto bad;
                        xml = ctx->poic_cp;
                        continue;
                }

#undef MATCH

                /*
                 * We don't think we should skip it, so let's hope we can
                 * parse it.
                 */
                break;
        }

        ctx->poic_cp = xml;
        return (ctx);
 bad:
        _PROP_FREE(ctx, M_TEMP);
        return (NULL);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_context_free --
 *      Free an internalize context.
 */
void
_prop_object_internalize_context_free(
                struct _prop_object_internalize_context *ctx)
{

        _PROP_FREE(ctx, M_TEMP);
}

#if !defined(_KERNEL) && !defined(_STANDALONE)
/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_file_dirname --
 *      dirname(3), basically.  We have to roll our own because the
 *      system dirname(3) isn't reentrant.
 */
static void
_prop_object_externalize_file_dirname(const char *path, char *result)
{
        const char *lastp;
        size_t len;

        /*
         * If `path' is a NULL pointer or points to an empty string,
         * return ".".
         */
        if (path == NULL || *path == '\0')
                goto singledot;
        
        /* String trailing slashes, if any. */
        lastp = path + strlen(path) - 1;
        while (lastp != path && *lastp == '/')
                lastp--;
        
        /* Terminate path at the last occurrence of '/'. */
        do {
                if (*lastp == '/') {
                        /* Strip trailing slashes, if any. */
                        while (lastp != path && *lastp == '/')
                                lastp--;

                        /* ...and copy the result into the result buffer. */
                        len = (lastp - path) + 1 /* last char */;
                        if (len > (PATH_MAX - 1))
                                len = PATH_MAX - 1;

                        memcpy(result, path, len);
                        result[len] = '\0';
                        return;
                }
        } while (--lastp >= path);

        /* No /'s found, return ".". */
 singledot:
        strcpy(result, ".");
}

/*
 * _prop_object_externalize_write_file --
 *      Write an externalized dictionary to the specified file.
 *      The file is written atomically from the caller's perspective,
 *      and the mode set to 0666 modified by the caller's umask.
 */
bool
_prop_object_externalize_write_file(const char *fname, const char *xml,
    size_t len)
{
        char tname[PATH_MAX];
        int fd;
        int save_errno;
        mode_t myumask;

        if (len > SSIZE_MAX) {
                errno = EFBIG;
                return (false);
        }

        /*
         * Get the directory name where the file is to be written
         * and create the temporary file.
         */
        _prop_object_externalize_file_dirname(fname, tname);
        if (strlcat(tname, "/.plistXXXXXX", sizeof(tname)) >= sizeof(tname)) {
                errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
                return (false);
        }
        if ((fd = mkstemp(tname)) == -1)
                return (false);

        if (write(fd, xml, len) != (ssize_t)len)
                goto bad;

        if (fsync(fd) == -1)
                goto bad;

        myumask = umask(0);
        (void)umask(myumask);
        if (fchmod(fd, 0666 & ~myumask) == -1)
                goto bad;

        (void) close(fd);
        fd = -1;

        if (rename(tname, fname) == -1)
                goto bad;

        return (true);

 bad:
        save_errno = errno;
        if (fd != -1)
                (void) close(fd);
        (void) unlink(tname);
        errno = save_errno;
        return (false);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_map_file --
 *      Map a file for the purpose of internalizing it.
 */
struct _prop_object_internalize_mapped_file *
_prop_object_internalize_map_file(const char *fname)
{
        struct stat sb;
        struct _prop_object_internalize_mapped_file *mf;
        size_t pgsize = (size_t)sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
        size_t pgmask = pgsize - 1;
        bool need_guard = false;
        int fd;

        mf = _PROP_MALLOC(sizeof(*mf), M_TEMP);
        if (mf == NULL)
                return (NULL);
        
        fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY, 0400);
        if (fd == -1) {
                _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
                return (NULL);
        }

        if (fstat(fd, &sb) == -1) {
                (void) close(fd);
                _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
                return (NULL);
        }
        mf->poimf_mapsize = ((size_t)sb.st_size + pgmask) & ~pgmask;
        if (mf->poimf_mapsize < (size_t)sb.st_size) {
                (void) close(fd);
                _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
                return (NULL);
        }

        /*
         * If the file length is an integral number of pages, then we
         * need to map a guard page at the end in order to provide the
         * necessary NUL-termination of the buffer.
         */
        if ((sb.st_size & pgmask) == 0)
                need_guard = true;

        mf->poimf_xml = mmap(NULL, need_guard ? mf->poimf_mapsize + pgsize
                                              : mf->poimf_mapsize,
                            PROT_READ, MAP_FILE|MAP_SHARED, fd, (off_t)0);
        (void) close(fd);
        if (mf->poimf_xml == MAP_FAILED) {
                _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
                return (NULL);
        }
        (void) madvise(mf->poimf_xml, mf->poimf_mapsize, MADV_SEQUENTIAL);

        if (need_guard) {
                if (mmap(mf->poimf_xml + mf->poimf_mapsize,
                         pgsize, PROT_READ,
                         MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED, -1,
                         (off_t)0) == MAP_FAILED) {
                        (void) munmap(mf->poimf_xml, mf->poimf_mapsize);
                        _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
                        return (NULL);
                }
                mf->poimf_mapsize += pgsize;
        }

        return (mf);
}

/*
 * _prop_object_internalize_unmap_file --
 *      Unmap a file previously mapped for internalizing.
 */
void
_prop_object_internalize_unmap_file(
    struct _prop_object_internalize_mapped_file *mf)
{

        (void) madvise(mf->poimf_xml, mf->poimf_mapsize, MADV_DONTNEED);
        (void) munmap(mf->poimf_xml, mf->poimf_mapsize);
        _PROP_FREE(mf, M_TEMP);
}
#endif /* !_KERNEL && !_STANDALONE */

/*
 * prop_object_retain --
 *      Increment the reference count on an object.
 */
void
prop_object_retain(prop_object_t obj)
{
        struct _prop_object *po = obj;
        uint32_t ncnt;

        ncnt = atomic_inc_32_nv(&po->po_refcnt);
        _PROP_ASSERT(ncnt != 0);
}

/*
 * prop_object_release_emergency
 *      A direct free with prop_object_release failed.
 *      Walk down the tree until a leaf is found and
 *      free that. Do not recurse to avoid stack overflows.
 *
 *      This is a slow edge condition, but necessary to
 *      guarantee that an object can always be freed.
 */
static void
prop_object_release_emergency(prop_object_t obj)
{
        struct _prop_object *po;
        void (*unlock)(void);
        prop_object_t parent = NULL;
        uint32_t ocnt;

        for (;;) {
                po = obj;
                _PROP_ASSERT(obj);

                if (po->po_type->pot_lock != NULL)
                        po->po_type->pot_lock();

                /* Save pointerto unlock function */
                unlock = po->po_type->pot_unlock;
                
                /* Dance a bit to make sure we always get the non-racy ocnt */
                ocnt = atomic_dec_32_nv(&po->po_refcnt);
                ocnt++;
                _PROP_ASSERT(ocnt != 0);

                if (ocnt != 1) {
                        if (unlock != NULL)
                                unlock();
                        break;
                }
                
                _PROP_ASSERT(po->po_type);              
                if ((po->po_type->pot_free)(NULL, &obj) ==
                    _PROP_OBJECT_FREE_DONE) {
                        if (unlock != NULL)
                                unlock();
                        break;
                }

                if (unlock != NULL)
                        unlock();
                
                parent = po;
                atomic_inc_32(&po->po_refcnt);
        }
        _PROP_ASSERT(parent);
        /* One object was just freed. */
        po = parent;
        (*po->po_type->pot_emergency_free)(parent);
}

/*
 * prop_object_release --
 *      Decrement the reference count on an object.
 *
 *      Free the object if we are releasing the final
 *      reference.
 */
void
prop_object_release(prop_object_t obj)
{
        struct _prop_object *po;
        struct _prop_stack stack;
        void (*unlock)(void); 
        int ret;
        uint32_t ocnt;

        _prop_stack_init(&stack);

        do {
                do {
                        po = obj;
                        _PROP_ASSERT(obj);

                        if (po->po_type->pot_lock != NULL)
                                po->po_type->pot_lock();

                        /* Save pointer to object unlock function */
                        unlock = po->po_type->pot_unlock;
                        
                        ocnt = atomic_dec_32_nv(&po->po_refcnt);
                        ocnt++;
                        _PROP_ASSERT(ocnt != 0);

                        if (ocnt != 1) {
                                ret = 0;
                                if (unlock != NULL)
                                        unlock();
                                break;
                        }
                        
                        ret = (po->po_type->pot_free)(&stack, &obj);

                        if (unlock != NULL)
                                unlock();

                        if (ret == _PROP_OBJECT_FREE_DONE)
                                break;
                        
                        atomic_inc_32(&po->po_refcnt);
                } while (ret == _PROP_OBJECT_FREE_RECURSE);
                if (ret == _PROP_OBJECT_FREE_FAILED)
                        prop_object_release_emergency(obj);
        } while (_prop_stack_pop(&stack, &obj, NULL, NULL, NULL));
}

/*
 * prop_object_type --
 *      Return the type of an object.
 */
prop_type_t
prop_object_type(prop_object_t obj)
{
        struct _prop_object *po = obj;

        if (obj == NULL)
                return (PROP_TYPE_UNKNOWN);

        return (po->po_type->pot_type);
}

/*
 * prop_object_equals --
 *      Returns true if thw two objects are equivalent.
 */
bool
prop_object_equals(prop_object_t obj1, prop_object_t obj2)
{
        return (prop_object_equals_with_error(obj1, obj2, NULL));
}

bool
prop_object_equals_with_error(prop_object_t obj1, prop_object_t obj2,
    bool *error_flag)
{
        struct _prop_object *po1;
        struct _prop_object *po2;
        void *stored_pointer1, *stored_pointer2;
        prop_object_t next_obj1, next_obj2;
        struct _prop_stack stack;
        _prop_object_equals_rv_t ret;

        _prop_stack_init(&stack);
        if (error_flag)
                *error_flag = false;

 start_subtree:
        stored_pointer1 = NULL;
        stored_pointer2 = NULL;
        po1 = obj1;
        po2 = obj2;

        if (po1->po_type != po2->po_type)
                return (false);
    
 continue_subtree:
        ret = (*po1->po_type->pot_equals)(obj1, obj2,
                                          &stored_pointer1, &stored_pointer2,
                                          &next_obj1, &next_obj2);
        if (ret == _PROP_OBJECT_EQUALS_FALSE)
                goto finish;
        if (ret == _PROP_OBJECT_EQUALS_TRUE) {
                if (!_prop_stack_pop(&stack, &obj1, &obj2,
                                     &stored_pointer1, &stored_pointer2))
                        return true;
                po1 = obj1;
                po2 = obj2;
                goto continue_subtree;
        }
        _PROP_ASSERT(ret == _PROP_OBJECT_EQUALS_RECURSE);

        if (!_prop_stack_push(&stack, obj1, obj2,
                              stored_pointer1, stored_pointer2)) {
                if (error_flag)
                        *error_flag = true;
                goto finish;
        }
        obj1 = next_obj1;
        obj2 = next_obj2;
        goto start_subtree;

finish:
        while (_prop_stack_pop(&stack, &obj1, &obj2, NULL, NULL)) {
                po1 = obj1;
                (*po1->po_type->pot_equals_finish)(obj1, obj2);
        }
        return (false);         
}

/*
 * prop_object_iterator_next --
 *      Return the next item during an iteration.
 */
prop_object_t
prop_object_iterator_next(prop_object_iterator_t pi)
{

        return ((*pi->pi_next_object)(pi));
}

/*
 * prop_object_iterator_reset --
 *      Reset the iterator to the first object so as to restart
 *      iteration.
 */
void
prop_object_iterator_reset(prop_object_iterator_t pi)
{

        (*pi->pi_reset)(pi);
}

/*
 * prop_object_iterator_release --
 *      Release the object iterator.
 */
void
prop_object_iterator_release(prop_object_iterator_t pi)
{

        prop_object_release(pi->pi_obj);
        _PROP_FREE(pi, M_TEMP);
}