root/tools/virtio/ringtest/virtio_ring_0_9.c
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2016 Red Hat, Inc.
 * Author: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
 *
 * Partial implementation of virtio 0.9. event index is used for signalling,
 * unconditionally. Design roughly follows linux kernel implementation in order
 * to be able to judge its performance.
 */
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include "main.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <linux/virtio_ring.h>

struct data {
        void *data;
} *data;

struct vring ring;

/* enabling the below activates experimental ring polling code
 * (which skips index reads on consumer in favor of looking at
 * high bits of ring id ^ 0x8000).
 */
/* #ifdef RING_POLL */
/* enabling the below activates experimental in-order code
 * (which skips ring updates and reads and writes len in descriptor).
 */
/* #ifdef INORDER */

#if defined(RING_POLL) && defined(INORDER)
#error "RING_POLL and INORDER are mutually exclusive"
#endif

/* how much padding is needed to avoid false cache sharing */
#define HOST_GUEST_PADDING 0x80

struct guest {
        unsigned short avail_idx;
        unsigned short last_used_idx;
        unsigned short num_free;
        unsigned short kicked_avail_idx;
#ifndef INORDER
        unsigned short free_head;
#else
        unsigned short reserved_free_head;
#endif
        unsigned char reserved[HOST_GUEST_PADDING - 10];
} guest;

struct host {
        /* we do not need to track last avail index
         * unless we have more than one in flight.
         */
        unsigned short used_idx;
        unsigned short called_used_idx;
        unsigned char reserved[HOST_GUEST_PADDING - 4];
} host;

/* implemented by ring */
void alloc_ring(void)
{
        int ret;
        int i;
        void *p;

        ret = posix_memalign(&p, 0x1000, vring_size(ring_size, 0x1000));
        if (ret) {
                perror("Unable to allocate ring buffer.\n");
                exit(3);
        }
        memset(p, 0, vring_size(ring_size, 0x1000));
        vring_init(&ring, ring_size, p, 0x1000);

        guest.avail_idx = 0;
        guest.kicked_avail_idx = -1;
        guest.last_used_idx = 0;
#ifndef INORDER
        /* Put everything in free lists. */
        guest.free_head = 0;
#endif
        for (i = 0; i < ring_size - 1; i++)
                ring.desc[i].next = i + 1;
        host.used_idx = 0;
        host.called_used_idx = -1;
        guest.num_free = ring_size;
        data = malloc(ring_size * sizeof *data);
        if (!data) {
                perror("Unable to allocate data buffer.\n");
                exit(3);
        }
        memset(data, 0, ring_size * sizeof *data);
}

/* guest side */
int add_inbuf(unsigned len, void *buf, void *datap)
{
        unsigned head;
#ifndef INORDER
        unsigned avail;
#endif
        struct vring_desc *desc;

        if (!guest.num_free)
                return -1;

#ifdef INORDER
        head = (ring_size - 1) & (guest.avail_idx++);
#else
        head = guest.free_head;
#endif
        guest.num_free--;

        desc = ring.desc;
        desc[head].flags = VRING_DESC_F_NEXT;
        desc[head].addr = (unsigned long)(void *)buf;
        desc[head].len = len;
        /* We do it like this to simulate the way
         * we'd have to flip it if we had multiple
         * descriptors.
         */
        desc[head].flags &= ~VRING_DESC_F_NEXT;
#ifndef INORDER
        guest.free_head = desc[head].next;
#endif

        data[head].data = datap;

#ifdef RING_POLL
        /* Barrier A (for pairing) */
        smp_release();
        avail = guest.avail_idx++;
        ring.avail->ring[avail & (ring_size - 1)] =
                (head | (avail & ~(ring_size - 1))) ^ 0x8000;
#else
#ifndef INORDER
        /* Barrier A (for pairing) */
        smp_release();
        avail = (ring_size - 1) & (guest.avail_idx++);
        ring.avail->ring[avail] = head;
#endif
        /* Barrier A (for pairing) */
        smp_release();
#endif
        ring.avail->idx = guest.avail_idx;
        return 0;
}

void *get_buf(unsigned *lenp, void **bufp)
{
        unsigned head;
        unsigned index;
        void *datap;

#ifdef RING_POLL
        head = (ring_size - 1) & guest.last_used_idx;
        index = ring.used->ring[head].id;
        if ((index ^ guest.last_used_idx ^ 0x8000) & ~(ring_size - 1))
                return NULL;
        /* Barrier B (for pairing) */
        smp_acquire();
        index &= ring_size - 1;
#else
        if (ring.used->idx == guest.last_used_idx)
                return NULL;
        /* Barrier B (for pairing) */
        smp_acquire();
#ifdef INORDER
        head = (ring_size - 1) & guest.last_used_idx;
        index = head;
#else
        head = (ring_size - 1) & guest.last_used_idx;
        index = ring.used->ring[head].id;
#endif

#endif
#ifdef INORDER
        *lenp = ring.desc[index].len;
#else
        *lenp = ring.used->ring[head].len;
#endif
        datap = data[index].data;
        *bufp = (void*)(unsigned long)ring.desc[index].addr;
        data[index].data = NULL;
#ifndef INORDER
        ring.desc[index].next = guest.free_head;
        guest.free_head = index;
#endif
        guest.num_free++;
        guest.last_used_idx++;
        return datap;
}

bool used_empty()
{
        unsigned short last_used_idx = guest.last_used_idx;
#ifdef RING_POLL
        unsigned short head = last_used_idx & (ring_size - 1);
        unsigned index = ring.used->ring[head].id;

        return (index ^ last_used_idx ^ 0x8000) & ~(ring_size - 1);
#else
        return ring.used->idx == last_used_idx;
#endif
}

void disable_call()
{
        /* Doing nothing to disable calls might cause
         * extra interrupts, but reduces the number of cache misses.
         */
}

bool enable_call()
{
        vring_used_event(&ring) = guest.last_used_idx;
        /* Flush call index write */
        /* Barrier D (for pairing) */
        smp_mb();
        return used_empty();
}

void kick_available(void)
{
        bool need;

        /* Flush in previous flags write */
        /* Barrier C (for pairing) */
        smp_mb();
        need = vring_need_event(vring_avail_event(&ring),
                                guest.avail_idx,
                                guest.kicked_avail_idx);

        guest.kicked_avail_idx = guest.avail_idx;
        if (need)
                kick();
}

/* host side */
void disable_kick()
{
        /* Doing nothing to disable kicks might cause
         * extra interrupts, but reduces the number of cache misses.
         */
}

bool enable_kick()
{
        vring_avail_event(&ring) = host.used_idx;
        /* Barrier C (for pairing) */
        smp_mb();
        return avail_empty();
}

bool avail_empty()
{
        unsigned head = host.used_idx;
#ifdef RING_POLL
        unsigned index = ring.avail->ring[head & (ring_size - 1)];

        return ((index ^ head ^ 0x8000) & ~(ring_size - 1));
#else
        return head == ring.avail->idx;
#endif
}

bool use_buf(unsigned *lenp, void **bufp)
{
        unsigned used_idx = host.used_idx;
        struct vring_desc *desc;
        unsigned head;

#ifdef RING_POLL
        head = ring.avail->ring[used_idx & (ring_size - 1)];
        if ((used_idx ^ head ^ 0x8000) & ~(ring_size - 1))
                return false;
        /* Barrier A (for pairing) */
        smp_acquire();

        used_idx &= ring_size - 1;
        desc = &ring.desc[head & (ring_size - 1)];
#else
        if (used_idx == ring.avail->idx)
                return false;

        /* Barrier A (for pairing) */
        smp_acquire();

        used_idx &= ring_size - 1;
#ifdef INORDER
        head = used_idx;
#else
        head = ring.avail->ring[used_idx];
#endif
        desc = &ring.desc[head];
#endif

        *lenp = desc->len;
        *bufp = (void *)(unsigned long)desc->addr;

#ifdef INORDER
        desc->len = desc->len - 1;
#else
        /* now update used ring */
        ring.used->ring[used_idx].id = head;
        ring.used->ring[used_idx].len = desc->len - 1;
#endif
        /* Barrier B (for pairing) */
        smp_release();
        host.used_idx++;
        ring.used->idx = host.used_idx;
        
        return true;
}

void call_used(void)
{
        bool need;

        /* Flush in previous flags write */
        /* Barrier D (for pairing) */
        smp_mb();
        need = vring_need_event(vring_used_event(&ring),
                                host.used_idx,
                                host.called_used_idx);

        host.called_used_idx = host.used_idx;
        if (need)
                call();
}