// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
/*
 * kselftest suite for mincore().
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2020 Collabora, Ltd.
 */

#define _GNU_SOURCE

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include "kselftest.h"
#include "kselftest_harness.h"

/* Default test file size: 4MB */
#define MB (1UL << 20)
#define FILE_SIZE (4 * MB)


/*
 * Tests the user interface. This test triggers most of the documented
 * error conditions in mincore().
 */
TEST(basic_interface)
{
        int retval;
        int page_size;
        unsigned char vec[1];
        char *addr;

        page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);

        /* Query a 0 byte sized range */
        retval = mincore(0, 0, vec);
        EXPECT_EQ(0, retval);

        /* Addresses in the specified range are invalid or unmapped */
        errno = 0;
        retval = mincore(NULL, page_size, vec);
        EXPECT_EQ(-1, retval);
        EXPECT_EQ(ENOMEM, errno);

        errno = 0;
        addr = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
        ASSERT_NE(MAP_FAILED, addr) {
                TH_LOG("mmap error: %s", strerror(errno));
        }

        /* <addr> argument is not page-aligned */
        errno = 0;
        retval = mincore(addr + 1, page_size, vec);
        EXPECT_EQ(-1, retval);
        EXPECT_EQ(EINVAL, errno);

        /* <length> argument is too large */
        errno = 0;
        retval = mincore(addr, -1, vec);
        EXPECT_EQ(-1, retval);
        EXPECT_EQ(ENOMEM, errno);

        /* <vec> argument points to an illegal address */
        errno = 0;
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, NULL);
        EXPECT_EQ(-1, retval);
        EXPECT_EQ(EFAULT, errno);
        munmap(addr, page_size);
}


/*
 * Test mincore() behavior on a private anonymous page mapping.
 * Check that the page is not loaded into memory right after the mapping
 * but after accessing it (on-demand allocation).
 * Then free the page and check that it's not memory-resident.
 */
TEST(check_anonymous_locked_pages)
{
        unsigned char vec[1];
        char *addr;
        int retval;
        int page_size;

        page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);

        /* Map one page and check it's not memory-resident */
        errno = 0;
        addr = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                        MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
        ASSERT_NE(MAP_FAILED, addr) {
                TH_LOG("mmap error: %s", strerror(errno));
        }
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, vec[0]) {
                TH_LOG("Page found in memory before use");
        }

        /* Touch the page and check again. It should now be in memory */
        addr[0] = 1;
        mlock(addr, page_size);
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(1, vec[0]) {
                TH_LOG("Page not found in memory after use");
        }

        /*
         * It shouldn't be memory-resident after unlocking it and
         * marking it as unneeded.
         */
        munlock(addr, page_size);
        madvise(addr, page_size, MADV_DONTNEED);
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, vec[0]) {
                TH_LOG("Page in memory after being zapped");
        }
        munmap(addr, page_size);
}


/*
 * Check mincore() behavior on huge pages.
 * This test will be skipped if the mapping fails (ie. if there are no
 * huge pages available).
 *
 * Make sure the system has at least one free huge page, check
 * "HugePages_Free" in /proc/meminfo.
 * Increment /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages if
 * needed.
 */
TEST(check_huge_pages)
{
        unsigned char vec[1];
        char *addr;
        int retval;
        int page_size;

        page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);

        errno = 0;
        addr = mmap(NULL, page_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_HUGETLB,
                -1, 0);
        if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
                if (errno == ENOMEM || errno == EINVAL)
                        SKIP(return, "No huge pages available or CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE disabled.");
                else
                        TH_LOG("mmap error: %s", strerror(errno));
        }
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, vec[0]) {
                TH_LOG("Page found in memory before use");
        }

        addr[0] = 1;
        mlock(addr, page_size);
        retval = mincore(addr, page_size, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(1, vec[0]) {
                TH_LOG("Page not found in memory after use");
        }

        munlock(addr, page_size);
        munmap(addr, page_size);
}


/*
 * Test mincore() behavior on a file-backed page.
 * No pages should be loaded into memory right after the mapping. Then,
 * accessing any address in the mapping range should load the page
 * containing the address and a number of subsequent pages (readahead).
 *
 * The actual readahead settings depend on the test environment, so we
 * can't make a lot of assumptions about that. This test covers the most
 * general cases.
 */
TEST(check_file_mmap)
{
        unsigned char *vec;
        int vec_size;
        char *addr;
        int retval;
        int page_size;
        int fd;
        int i;
        int ra_pages = 0;

        page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
        vec_size = FILE_SIZE / page_size;
        if (FILE_SIZE % page_size)
                vec_size++;

        vec = calloc(vec_size, sizeof(unsigned char));
        ASSERT_NE(NULL, vec) {
                TH_LOG("Can't allocate array");
        }

        errno = 0;
        fd = open(".", O_TMPFILE | O_RDWR, 0600);
        if (fd < 0) {
                ASSERT_EQ(errno, EOPNOTSUPP) {
                        TH_LOG("Can't create temporary file: %s",
                               strerror(errno));
                }
                SKIP(goto out_free, "O_TMPFILE not supported by filesystem.");
        }
        errno = 0;
        retval = fallocate(fd, 0, 0, FILE_SIZE);
        if (retval) {
                ASSERT_EQ(errno, EOPNOTSUPP) {
                        TH_LOG("Error allocating space for the temporary file: %s",
                               strerror(errno));
                }
                SKIP(goto out_close, "fallocate not supported by filesystem.");
        }

        /*
         * Map the whole file, the pages shouldn't be fetched yet.
         */
        errno = 0;
        addr = mmap(NULL, FILE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                        MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
        ASSERT_NE(MAP_FAILED, addr) {
                TH_LOG("mmap error: %s", strerror(errno));
        }
        retval = mincore(addr, FILE_SIZE, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        for (i = 0; i < vec_size; i++) {
                ASSERT_EQ(0, vec[i]) {
                        TH_LOG("Unexpected page in memory");
                }
        }

        /*
         * Touch a page in the middle of the mapping. We expect the next
         * few pages (the readahead window) to be populated too.
         */
        addr[FILE_SIZE / 2] = 1;
        retval = mincore(addr, FILE_SIZE, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(1, vec[FILE_SIZE / 2 / page_size]) {
                TH_LOG("Page not found in memory after use");
        }

        i = FILE_SIZE / 2 / page_size + 1;
        while (i < vec_size && vec[i]) {
                ra_pages++;
                i++;
        }
        EXPECT_GT(ra_pages, 0) {
                TH_LOG("No read-ahead pages found in memory");
        }

        /*
         * End of the readahead window. The rest of the pages shouldn't
         * be in memory.
         */
        if (i < vec_size) {
                while (i < vec_size && !vec[i])
                        i++;
                EXPECT_EQ(vec_size, i) {
                        TH_LOG("Unexpected page in memory beyond readahead window");
                }
        }

        munmap(addr, FILE_SIZE);
out_close:
        close(fd);
out_free:
        free(vec);
}


/*
 * Test mincore() behavior on a page backed by a tmpfs file.  This test
 * performs the same steps as the previous one.
 */
TEST(check_tmpfs_mmap)
{
        unsigned char *vec;
        int vec_size;
        char *addr;
        int retval;
        int page_size;
        int fd;
        int i;

        page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
        vec_size = FILE_SIZE / page_size;
        if (FILE_SIZE % page_size)
                vec_size++;

        vec = calloc(vec_size, sizeof(unsigned char));
        ASSERT_NE(NULL, vec) {
                TH_LOG("Can't allocate array");
        }

        errno = 0;
        fd = open("/dev/shm", O_TMPFILE | O_RDWR, 0600);
        ASSERT_NE(-1, fd) {
                TH_LOG("Can't create temporary file: %s",
                        strerror(errno));
        }
        errno = 0;
        retval = fallocate(fd, 0, 0, FILE_SIZE);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval) {
                TH_LOG("Error allocating space for the temporary file: %s",
                        strerror(errno));
        }

        /*
         * Map the whole file, the pages shouldn't be fetched yet.
         */
        errno = 0;
        addr = mmap(NULL, FILE_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
                        MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
        ASSERT_NE(MAP_FAILED, addr) {
                TH_LOG("mmap error: %s", strerror(errno));
        }
        retval = mincore(addr, FILE_SIZE, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        for (i = 0; i < vec_size; i++) {
                ASSERT_EQ(0, vec[i]) {
                        TH_LOG("Unexpected page in memory");
                }
        }

        /*
         * Touch a page in the middle of the mapping.
         */
        addr[FILE_SIZE / 2] = 1;
        retval = mincore(addr, FILE_SIZE, vec);
        ASSERT_EQ(0, retval);
        ASSERT_EQ(1, vec[FILE_SIZE / 2 / page_size]) {
                TH_LOG("Page not found in memory after use");
        }

        munmap(addr, FILE_SIZE);
        close(fd);
        free(vec);
}

TEST_HARNESS_MAIN