x86_read_msr
*_counter = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_TIME_REF_COUNT);
uint64 msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SIMP);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SIEFP);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SINT0 + VMBUS_SINT_MESSAGE);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SINT0 + VMBUS_SINT_TIMER);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SCONTROL);
uint64 msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SCONTROL);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SIMP);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SIEFP);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SINT0 + VMBUS_SINT_MESSAGE);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_SINT0 + VMBUS_SINT_TIMER);
uint64 msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_HYPERCALL);
msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_HYPERCALL);
uint64 msr = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HV_HYPERCALL);
mtrr_capabilities capabilities(x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_CAPABILITIES));
uint64 defaultType = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_DEFAULT_TYPE);
uint64 mask = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_PHYSICAL_MASK_0 + index * 2);
uint64 base = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_PHYSICAL_BASE_0 + index * 2);
uint64 defaultType = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_DEFAULT_TYPE)
uint64 defaultType = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MTRR_DEFAULT_TYPE);
uint64 cap1 = x86_read_msr(MSR_AMD_CPPC_CAP1);
x86_read_msr(MSR_AMD_CPPC_CAP1));
uint64 hwpRequest = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HWP_REQUEST);
uint64 caps = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_HWP_CAPABILITIES);
uint64 perfBias = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_ENERGY_PERF_BIAS);
uint64 platformInfo = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_PLATFORM_INFO);
= max_c(x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_TURBO_RATIO_LIMIT) & 0xff, sMaxPState);
uint64 mperf = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MPERF);
uint64 aperf = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APERF);
uint64 clockSpeed = x86_read_msr(0x40000022);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_ID);
sX2APIC = ((x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_BASE) & IA32_MSR_APIC_BASE_X2APIC) != 0);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_ERROR_STATUS);
x86_write_msr(0xc0011020, x86_read_msr(0xc0011020) | ((uint64)1 << 57));
x86_write_msr(MSR_F10H_DE_CFG, x86_read_msr(MSR_F10H_DE_CFG) | (1 << 9));
const uint64 microcode = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_UCODE_REV);
x86_write_msr(0xc0011029, x86_read_msr(0xc0011029) | 1);
x86_write_msr(0xc0011020, x86_read_msr(0xc0011020) | ((uint64)1 << 15));
x86_write_msr(0xc0011029, x86_read_msr(0xc0011029) | (1 << 13));
x86_write_msr(0xc0011020, x86_read_msr(0xc0011020) | (1 << 4));
x86_write_msr(0xc0011028, x86_read_msr(0xc0011028) | (1 << 4));
x86_write_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER, x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER)
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_LOGICAL_DEST);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_SPURIOUS_INTR_VECTOR);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_LVT_TIMER);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_LVT_ERROR);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_INITIAL_TIMER_COUNT);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_CURRENT_TIMER_COUNT);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_TIMER_DIVIDE_CONFIG);
uint64 apic_base = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_BASE);
uint64 apic_base = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_BASE);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_ID);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_VERSION);
return x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APIC_TASK_PRIORITY);
uint64 value = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_UCODE_REV);
uint64 value = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_UCODE_REV);
uint64 platformBits = (x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_PLATFORM_ID) >> 50) & 0x7;
uint64 msr = x86_read_msr(K8_MSR_IPM);
uint64 value = x86_read_msr(MSR_F10H_HWCR);
value = x86_read_msr(MSR_F10H_PSTATEDEF(0));
uint64 value = x86_read_msr(MSR_F10H_DE_CFG);
gCPU[cpu].arch.mperf_prev = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MPERF);
gCPU[cpu].arch.aperf_prev = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APERF);
uint64 value = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_PAT);
uint64 mperf2 = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_MPERF);
uint64 aperf2 = x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_APERF);
x86_write_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER, x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER)
x86_write_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER, x86_read_msr(IA32_MSR_EFER)